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Liu L, Li J, Fan C, Wen M, Li C, Sun W, Wang W. Construction of a New Immune-Related Competing Endogenous RNA Network with Prognostic Value in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:300-310. [PMID: 37118319 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00754-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment has significant influence on the gene expression of tumor tissues and on the clinical outcomes in lung adenocarcinoma. Infiltrating immune and stromal cells not only perturb the tumor signal in molecular studies, but also play crucial roles in cancer biology. The competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) are useful to explain the post-transcriptional layer regulated by gene translation and play an important role in the occurrence and progression of lung adenocarcinoma. Therefore, identifying novel molecular markers by constructing ceRNA associated with immune infiltration is of great significance to guide the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma in the future. According to the immune and stromal scores of lung adenocarcinoma samples in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database calculated by the ESTIMATE algorithm, we identified differentially expressed lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs associated with immune infiltration, including 60 dysregulated lncRNAs, 38 dysregulated mRNAs, and 29 dysregulated miRNAs. Based on the PPI network and Cox regression analysis, 5 mRNAs including CNR2, P2RY12, ZNF831, RSPO1, and F2 were identified to be related to immune infiltration and prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma, and their differential expression, prognosis and correlation with immune cells were verified. Next, through target binding prediction, pearson correlation analysis and expression analysis, a novel immune-related ceRNA network containing 6 lncRNAs, 4 miRNAs, and 3 mRNAs was finally constructed. The present study constructed a novel immune-associated lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network, which deepens our understanding on the molecular network mechanism of lung adenocarcinoma and provides potential prognostic markers and novel therapeutic targets for the patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Section 5, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, No. 46 of Lishan Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Section 5, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, No. 46 of Lishan Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhui Fan
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Section 5, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, No. 46 of Lishan Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyi Wen
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Section 5, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, No. 46 of Lishan Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Cunqi Li
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Section 5, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, No. 46 of Lishan Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Sun
- Shandong Academy of Evidence-Based Medicine Co., Ltd, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Wuzhang Wang
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Section 5, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, No. 46 of Lishan Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, People's Republic of China.
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Xia J, Chen S, Zhang Z, Wang J. Identification of a novel RSRC1-ALK (R6: A20) fusion using next-generation sequencing technique. Cancer Genet 2023; 278-279:18-23. [PMID: 37572583 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion showed promising responses to ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). In this study, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), immunohistochemistry (IHC), next generation sequencing (NGS) and Sanger sequencing were performed to identify the presence of ALK fusion, to investigate whether the patient may benefit from TKI therapy. Postoperative pathological analysis indicated invasive adenocarcinoma with mainly mucinous type and partial micropapillary type in left lower lung. Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma was seen in left upper lung, with mainly acinar type. NGS detected a novel RSRC1-ALK (R6: A20) fusion in left lower lobe sample, which was presented as the fusion of exon 6 of RSRC1 and exon 20 of ALK gene. Sanger sequencing validated the fusion. Break rearrangement signal of ALK gene was detected in 80% of tumor cells. Immunohistochemistry showed ALK positive expression in lung. For the treatment, the patient received ensartinib hydrochloride with a dose of 225 mg per day. He was in a state of progression-free survival for at least 24 months in follow-up with no complications. NGS can be used for exploring treatment options for NSCLC patients with ALK fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Xia
- Department of Medical Examination, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, PR China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, PR China
| | | | - Jipeng Wang
- Department of Respiration, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, PR China.
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Shi J, Jia Z, Zhou Z, Zhao L, Meng Q, Liu Y. Ineffectiveness of Crizotinib in a Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer with Novel ALK- LIMS1 Fusion: A Case Report. Onco Targets Ther 2023; 16:109-114. [PMID: 36824323 PMCID: PMC9942507 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s388962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements have been reported in 3-7% of non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC). ALK has been reported to be fused with a variety of genes in NSCLC. Significant clinical activity was achieved by ALK inhibitors in patients with NSCLC harbouring ALK translocations. We reported on a 48-year-old male Chinese patient with advanced lung adenocarcinoma harboring a novel ALK-LIMS1 who showed no response to crizotinib. The tissue was assayed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for ALK and showed diffuse expression of ALK. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on the peripheral blood and tissue. The previous tumor tissue showed diffuse expression of ALK. Tissue and the later peripheral blood revealed a ALK- LIMS1 fusion. The patient failed to benefit from crizotinib (250 mg, twice a day), with a progression-free survival of two months. We identified a new ALK-LIMS1 fusion from an advanced lung adenocarcinoma which was primary resistant to crizotinib. Our case suggested that the coexistence of mutations and the non-dominant clone, as well as the rearrangement of ALK fusion, did not result in expressed ALK kinase domain that might lead to no response to ALK-TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmei Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Jia
- Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liyan Zhao
- Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingju Meng
- Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai, People’s Republic of China,Qingju Meng, Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xingtai Medical College, 376 Shun de Road, Qiaodong District, Xingtai, Hebei Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13780444436, Email
| | - Yibing Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Yibing Liu, Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12 JianKang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13831173220, Email
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Qiu YF, Song LH, Jiang GL, Zhang Z, Liu XY, Wang G. Hallmarks of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Inhibitors with Its Quick Emergence of Drug Resistance. PHARMACEUTICAL FRONTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is one of the most popular targets for anticancer therapies. In the past decade, the use of anaplastic lymphoma tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKIs), including crizotinib and ceritinib, has been a reliable and standard options for patients with lung cancer, particularly for patients with nonsmall cell lung carcinoma. ALK-targeted therapies initially benefit the patients, yet, resistance eventually occurs. Therefore, resistance mechanisms of ALK-TKIs and the solutions have become a formidable challenge in the development of ALK inhibitors. In this review, based on the knowledge of reported ALK inhibitors, we illustrated the crystal structures of ALK, summarized the resistance mechanisms of ALK-targeted drugs, and proposed potential therapeutic strategies to prevent or overcome the resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Fu Qiu
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian-Hua Song
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang-Long Jiang
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Yan Liu
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guan Wang
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Wang T, Wei L, Lu Q, Shao Y, You S, Yin JC, Wang S, Shao Y, Chen Z, Wang Z. Landscape of potentially targetable receptor tyrosine kinase fusions in diverse cancers by DNA-based profiling. NPJ Precis Oncol 2022; 6:84. [DOI: 10.1038/s41698-022-00325-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractRecurrent fusions of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are often driving events in tumorigenesis that carry important diagnostic value and are potentially targetable by the increasing number of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Here, we characterized the spectrum of 1324 RTK fusions with intact kinase domains in solid tumors by DNA-based high-throughput sequencing. Overall, the prevalence of RTK fusions were 4.7%, with variable frequencies and diverse genomic structures and fusion partners across cancer types. Cancer types, such as thyroid cancers, urological cancers and neuroendocrine tumors are selective in the RTK fusions they carry, while others exhibit highly complex spectra of fusion events. Notably, most RTKs were promiscuous in terms of the partner genes they recombine with. A large proportion of RTK fusions had one of the breakpoints localized to intergenic regions. Comprehensive genomic profiling revealed differences in co-mutational patterns pre- and post-TKI treatments across various RTK fusions. At baseline, multiple cases were detected with co-occurring RTK fusions or concomitant oncogenic mutations in driver genes, such as KRAS and EGFR. Following TKI resistance, we observed differences in potential on- and off-target resistance mutations among fusion variants. For example, the EML4-ALK v3 variant displayed more complex on-target resistance mechanisms, which might explain the reduced survival outcome compared with the v1 variant. Finally, we identified two lung cancer patients with MET+ and NTRK1+ tumors, respectively, who responded well to crizotinib treatment. Taken together, our findings demonstrate the diagnostic and prognostic values of screening for RTK fusions using DNA-based sequencing in solid tumors.
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A novel intergenic region ALK fusion is targetable by alectinib in a non-small cell lung cancer patient with brain metastasis. Anticancer Drugs 2022; 33:1182-1185. [PMID: 35946559 PMCID: PMC9575568 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement defines a unique nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) molecular subtype, of which the patients could potentially benefit from anti-ALK therapies. So far, the outcomes of the canonical echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like (EML-ALK) patients subjected to ALK inhibitors are well established. However, given the increasing complexity of ALK fusion partners, as detected by high-throughput sequencing, the responses of those with rare ALK fusion events remain to be explored. Here, we report a lung adenocarcinoma patient with brain metastasis harboring an ARHGAP5 downstream intergenic region ALK fusion, as detected by using DNA-based next-generation sequencing, who experienced a partial response to alectinib treatment. While whole- transcriptome RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) failed to identify potential ALK fusion transcripts, subsequent targeted deep RNA-seq revealed the expression of EML4-ALK transcripts in the tumor tissue. Given the increasing application of the ALK-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), it is extremely crucial to define the patients who could be suitable for this treatment in clinic. The present case has provided supporting evidence that noncanonical ALK rearrangements on the genomic level are often functionally relevant and targetable by ALK-TKI, particularly in cases with sub-optimal quantity and quality for RNA validation.
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Luo X, Xu JG, Wang Z, Wang X, Zhu Q, Zhao J, Bian L. Bioinformatics Identification of Key Genes for the Development and Prognosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2022; 59:469580221096259. [PMID: 35635202 PMCID: PMC9158403 DOI: 10.1177/00469580221096259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a common malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. The present study aimed to screen the key genes involved in LUAD development and prognosis. Methods: The transcriptome data for 515 LUAD and 347 normal samples were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype Tissue Expression databases. The weighted gene co-expression network and differentially expressed genes were used to identify the central regulatory genes for the development of LUAD. Univariate Cox, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression analyses were utilized to identify prognosis-related genes. Results: The top 10 central regulatory genes of LUAD included IL6, PECAM1, CDH5, VWF, THBS1, CAV1, TEK, HGF, SPP1, and ENG. Genes that have an impact on survival included PECAM1, HGF, SPP1, and ENG. The favorable prognosis genes included KDF1, ZNF691, DNASE2B, and ELAPOR1, while unfavorable prognosis genes included RPL22, ENO1, PCSK9, SNX7, and LCE5A. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of the risk score model in the training and testing datasets were .78 and .758, respectively. Conclusion: Bioinformatics methods were used to identify genes involved in the development and prognosis of LUAD, which will provide a basis for further research on the treatment and prognosis of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Luo
- 36657The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jian Guo Xu
- Department of Dental Research, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - ZhiYuan Wang
- 36657The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - XiaoFang Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - QianYing Zhu
- 36657The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- 36657The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Li Bian
- 36657The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Ning S, Shi C, Zhang H, Li J. Identification of triple gene fusion ALK-LRRN2, LTBP1-ALK, and HIP1-ALK in advanced lung adenocarcinoma and response to alectinib: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27999. [PMID: 34941039 PMCID: PMC8701949 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement is the second most common targetable oncogene-dirven gene in nonsmall cell lung cancer. Owing to the advanced sequencing technologies, new partner genes of ALK have been constantly detected. PATIENT CONCERNS A 42-year-old Chinese woman went to our hospital with the chief complaint of cough and expectoration for 1 month. The patient had no fever, chest pain, and hemoptysis. DIAGNOSES She was diagnosed with advanced lung adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent lung biopsy guided by computed tomography and pathology showed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. To explore possibility of targeted therapy, the tumor samples were subjected to next-generation sequencing, and a rare 3 ALK fusion variant ALK-LRRN2, LTBP1-ALK, and HIP1-ALK was identified. INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOMES The patient subsequently received alectinib treatment, and achieved partial response. No significant drug related adverse reactions were found during alectinib treatment. The progression-free survival achieved 25 months. LESSONS Together, we identified a rare triple ALK fusion variant, ALK-LRRN2, LTBP1-ALK and HIP1-ALK, in a patient with lung adenocarcinoma. The patient benefited from alectinib treatment, which could provide a certain reference for the patients with such gene alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangkun Ning
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P.R. China
| | - Congcong Shi
- Shandong Mental Health Center, Jinan, Shandong, 250114, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Zhang
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P.R. China
| | - Jinpeng Li
- Interventional Therapy Department Ward 1, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P.R. China
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Zhu X, He Y, Wang Y, Lei Y, Su X, Liu Y, Wu S, He Z. Identification of a Novel SLC8A1-ALK Fusion and Non-Canonical Expression Significantly Responding to ALK-TKIs in Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:4915-4920. [PMID: 34611409 PMCID: PMC8486277 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s319845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Approximately 2–7% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer harbor anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement events. Of note, typical ALK actionable rearrangements are sensitive to treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, different types of ALK fusion influence the clinical outcomes of this therapeutic approach. Approximately 10–40% of patients with ALK-fusion positive non-small cell lung cancer do not response to ALK-TKI therapy. Therefore, it is important to accurately identify the types of ALK rearrangement for appropriate selection of clinical treatment. Case Report Using a DNA-targeted next-generation sequencing technique, we found a novel solute carrier family 8 member A1 (SLC8A1)-ALK fusion type in a patient with lung adenocarcinoma. Further reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing demonstrated the rearrangement as a B-cell CLL/lymphoma 11A (BCL11A)-ALK fusion at the transcriptional level. The patient showed a rapid and strong response to treatment with crizotinib, which lasted for 9 months. The patient also responded well to treatment with alectinib after developed resistance to crizotinib. Conclusion A strategy combining DNA-targeted next-generation sequencing with RNA reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and sequencing, besides fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, may provide an effective and practical solution for correct identification of partner genes and fusion structures in the diagnosis of ALK rearrangements, particularly for non-canonical expression patterns of ALK fusion events. The combined approach may lead to more benefits for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi He
- Monash School of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Yin Wang
- Berry Oncology Corporation, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Lei
- Berry Oncology Corporation, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxing Su
- Berry Oncology Corporation, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangxiu Wu
- Berry Oncology Corporation, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengfu He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
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Genomic characterization and outcome evaluation of kinome fusions in lung cancer revealed novel druggable fusions. NPJ Precis Oncol 2021; 5:81. [PMID: 34508169 PMCID: PMC8433182 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-021-00221-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinase fusions represent an important type of somatic alterations that promote oncogenesis and serve as diagnostic markers in lung cancer. We aimed to identify the landscape of clinically relevant kinase fusions in Chinese lung cancer and to explore rare kinase rearrangements; thus, providing valuable evidence for therapeutic decision making. We performed genomic profiling of 425 cancer-relevant genes from tumor/plasma biopsies from a total of 17,442 Chinese lung cancer patients using next generation sequencing (NGS). Patients’ clinical characteristics and treatment histories were retrospectively studied. A total of 1162 patients (6.66%; 1162/17,442) were identified as having kinase fusions, including 906 adenocarcinomas (ADCs) and 35 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). In ADC, 170 unique gene fusion pairs were observed, including rare kinase fusions, SLC12A2-ROS1, NCOA4-RET, and ANK3-RET. As for SCC, 15 unique gene fusions were identified, among which the most frequent were EML4-ALK and FGFR3-TACC3. Analyses of oncogenic mutations revealed a dual role for the gene fusions, CCDC6-RET and FGFR3-TACC3, in driving oncogenesis or serving as acquired resistance mechanisms to kinase inhibitors. In addition, our real-world evidence showed that patients with recurrent kinase fusions with low frequency (two occurrences) could benefit from treatment with kinase inhibitors’ off-label use. Notably, patients with stage IV ADC who had novel RORB-ALK or AFF2-RET fusions, but no other known oncogenic driver mutations, demonstrated favorable clinical outcomes on tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Our data provide a comprehensive overview of the landscape of oncogenic kinase fusions in lung cancer, which assist in recognizing potentially druggable fusions that can be translated into therapeutic applications.
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Luo X, Feng L, Xu W, Bai X, Wu M. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis of hub genes in lung adenocarcinoma. Evol Bioinform Online 2021; 17:11769343211009898. [PMID: 33911849 PMCID: PMC8047936 DOI: 10.1177/11769343211009898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a tumor with high incidence. This study aimed to identify the central genes of LUAD. LUAD were analyzed by weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA), and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Samples were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases and included 515 LUAD samples and 347 normal samples. The WGCNA algorithm generated a total of 10 modules. The top 2 modules (MEturquoise and MEblue) with the highest correlation to LUAD were selected. Ten Hub genes (IL6, CDH1, PECAM1, SPP1, THBS1, HGF, SNCA, CDH5, CAV1, and DLC1) were screened in the intersecting genes of DEGs and WGCNA (MEturquoise and MEblue). Only SPP1 was correlated with LUAD poor survival, indicating that SPP1 may be a key Hub gene for LUAD. The competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed to analyze the regulatory relationship of Hub genes, and SPP1 may be directly regulated by 4 microRNAs (miRNAs) and indirectly regulated by 49 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Luo
- Department of Laboratory, People's Hospital of Yuxi City, Yuxi City, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - Lei Feng
- Department of Laboratory, People's Hospital of Yuxi City, Yuxi City, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - WenBo Xu
- Department of Laboratory, People's Hospital of Yuxi City, Yuxi City, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - XueJing Bai
- Department of Laboratory, People's Hospital of Yuxi City, Yuxi City, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - MengNa Wu
- Department of Laboratory, People's Hospital of Yuxi City, Yuxi City, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
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Yang L, Zhao W, Zhu H, Li X, Zhao G. PARD3-ALK: A novel ALK fusion gene identified in a patient with lung adenocarcinoma. Lung Cancer 2021; 154:219-220. [PMID: 33676770 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2021.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liangwei Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), Ningbo, 315010, China; Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Weidi Zhao
- Clinical Department, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Huangkai Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), Ningbo, 315010, China
| | - Xi Li
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, China
| | - Guofang Zhao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), Ningbo, 315010, China; Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
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13
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Xu A, Wang X, Luo J, Zhou M, Yi R, Huang T, Lin J, Wu Z, Xie C, Ding S, Zeng Y, Song Y. Overexpressed P75CUX1 promotes EMT in glioma infiltration by activating β-catenin. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:157. [PMID: 33542188 PMCID: PMC7862635 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03424-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The homeobox protein cut-like 1 (CUX1) comprises three isoforms and has been shown to be involved in the development of various types of malignancies. However, the expression and role of the CUX1 isoforms in glioma remain unclear. Herein, we first identified that P75CUX1 isoform exhibited consistent expression among three isoforms in glioma with specifically designed antibodies to identify all CUX1 isoforms. Moreover, a significantly higher expression of P75CUX1 was found in glioma compared with non-tumor brain (NB) tissues, analyzed with western blot and immunohistochemistry, and the expression level of P75CUX1 was positively associated with tumor grade. In addition, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that P75CUX1 could serve as an independent prognostic indicator to identify glioma patients with poor overall survival. Furthermore, CUX1 knockdown suppressed migration and invasion of glioma cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, this study found that P75CUX1 regulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process mediated via β-catenin, and CUX1/β-catenin/EMT is a novel signaling cascade mediating the infiltration of glioma. Besides, CUX1 was verified to promote the progression of glioma via multiple other signaling pathways, such as Hippo and PI3K/AKT. In conclusion, we suggested that P75CUX1 could serve as a potential prognostic indicator as well as a novel treatment target in malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Xizhao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362000, PR China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Mingfeng Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Renhui Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, PR China
| | - Tengyue Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, PR China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518116, PR China
| | - Cheng Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Shengfeng Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China.
| | - Ye Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China.
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Wang L, Yao S, Teng L, Zhang W, Chen L. Melanoregulin-Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK), a Novel ALK Rearrangement That Responds to Crizotinib in Lung Adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Oncol 2021; 15:e44-e46. [PMID: 32093861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leiming Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyang Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianghong Teng
- Department of Pathology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Pathology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Guo J, Shi J, Yao M, Jin Y, Liu D, Liu W, Wang K, Jiang D. A rare double ALK fusion variant EML4-ALK and CDK15-ALK in lung adenocarcinoma and response to crizotinib: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22631. [PMID: 33157918 PMCID: PMC7647588 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion has been identified to be a driver gene in lung cancer, and serves as important diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Owing to the advanced sequencing technologies, new partner genes of ALK have been constantly detected. PATIENT CONCERNS A 55-year-old Chinese woman went to our hospital because of cough and expectoration for 1 year. The patient had no fever, chest pain and hemoptysis. DIAGNOSES She was diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma. Because she had no operational condition, combination chemotherapy with docetaxel and cisplatin (CP) for 4 cycles was adopted. However, computed tomography (CT) scan indicated progression disease (PD). To explore possibility of targeted therapy, the tumor samples were subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS), and a rare double ALK fusion variant EML4-ALK and CDK15-ALK was identified. INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOMES The patient subsequently received crizotinib treatment, and achieved partial response (PR). No significant drug related adverse reactions were found during crizotinib treatment. The progression-free survival achieved 23 months. LESSONS Together, we identified a rare double ALK fusion variant, EML4-ALK and CDK15-ALK, in a patient with lung adenocarcinoma. The patient benefited from crizotinib treatment, which could provide a certain reference for the patients with such gene alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei Province, China
| | | | - Ming Yao
- OrigiMed Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Department of Oncology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei Province
| | - Dengxiang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei Province
| | | | - Kai Wang
- OrigiMed Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Da Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China.s
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Zhou Y, Lizaso A, Mao X, Yang N, Zhang Y. Novel AMBRA1-ALK fusion identified by next-generation sequencing in advanced gallbladder cancer responds to crizotinib: a case report. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1099. [PMID: 33145318 PMCID: PMC7575933 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most aggressive malignancy of the biliary tract with poor prognosis. Several targetable genetic alterations have been identified in GBC; however, responses to targeted therapy are disappointing. We report a case of a 58-year-old Chinese woman with GBC who was detected with a novel ALK genomic rearrangement and received crizotinib after progression from first-line chemotherapy. The patient was diagnosed with stage IV adenocarcinoma of the neck of the gallbladder and received oxaliplatin combined with capecitabine as first-line therapy. After four cycles of this chemotherapy regimen, the patient started to show obstructive jaundice, and progressive disease was evaluated. Biliary drainage surgery was performed to alleviate the symptoms of obstructive jaundice. Upon referral to our department, her archived tissue samples were submitted for next-generation sequencing (Burning Rock Biotech) and immunohistochemistry, which identified the presence of a novel AMBRA1-ALK rearrangement and ALK overexpression, respectively. Oral crizotinib was administered achieving partial response within two cycles of treatment, which lasted for 7 months. AMBRA1-ALK has not been previously reported in any solid tumors and its sensitivity to crizotinib is not well characterized. Moreover, ALK alterations have been rarely reported for GBC. This case suggests that a subset of GBC might be driven by aberrant ALK signaling, which could potentially be explored as a biomarker of therapeutic response to ALK inhibitors in GBC. Moreover, our case report contributes an incremental step in understanding the genetic heterogeneity in GBC and provides clinical evidence of the utility of next-generation sequencing in exploring actionable mutations to expand treatment choices in rare solid tumors including GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Graduate Schools, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | | | - Xinru Mao
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nong Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongchang Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
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17
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Li M, Hou X, Zhou C, Feng W, Jiang G, Long H, Yang S, Chen J, Wang N, Wang K, Chen L. Prevalence and Clinical Impact of Concomitant Mutations in Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Rearrangement Advanced Non-small-Cell Lung Cancer (Guangdong Association of Thoracic Oncology Study 1055). Front Oncol 2020; 10:1216. [PMID: 32974126 PMCID: PMC7471725 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement-positive advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), ALK inhibitors are now the standard treatment, but their clinical efficacy varies widely for each patient. In this multicenter retrospective study, we evaluated the clinical efficacy of crizotinib according to the ALK rearrangement variants and concomitant mutations present. Patients and Methods: A total 132 patients with ALK rearrangement advanced NSCLC from 4 centers in Guangdong province, China were evaluated. All patients received crizotinib treatment and their ALK rearrangement status was identified by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Results: The median progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with EML4-ALK rearrangement (n = 121), non-EML4-ALK rearrangement (n = 5), and EML4-ALK arrangement accompanied by non-EML4-ALK rearrangement (n = 6) was 12.8, 7.5, and 7.4 months, respectively, with no significant difference between them (p = 0.1554). Similarly, among patients with various EML4-ALK variants (variant 1, variant 3a/b, and other variants), the median PFS values were again comparable. According to baseline NGS data, the median PFS in patients who had ALK rearrangement only, ALK rearrangement and concomitant tumor-suppressor gene mutations, and ALK rearrangement and concomitant oncogene mutations was 14.2, 10.9, and 4.9 months, respectively; (p = 0.0002). A multivariable analysis indicated that concomitant oncogene mutations and tumor-suppressor gene mutations were both negative factors influencing the efficacy of crizotinib in ALK rearrangement NSCLC. Conclusion: Concomitant oncogene mutations and tumor-suppressor gene mutations had negative effects on the efficacy of crizotinib, while various ALK variants had a similar influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meichen Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Hou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengzhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weineng Feng
- Department of Head and Neck/Thoracic Medical Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | | | - Hao Long
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Department of Head and Neck/Thoracic Medical Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaicheng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Likun Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Wang S, Wu X, Zhao J, Chen H, Zhang Z, Wang M, Xu C, Wang Y, Wang L, He Z, Wang Q. Next-Generation Sequencing Identified a Novel Crizotinib-Sensitive PLB1-ALK Rearrangement in Lung Large-Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma. Clin Lung Cancer 2020; 22:e366-e370. [PMID: 32651063 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2020.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Jiuzhou Zhao
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Haiyang Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Mingyue Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Cong Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Yongsen Wang
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Qiming Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China.
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19
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Chen Y, Zhang X, Jiang Q, Wang B, Wang Y, Junrong Y. Lung adenocarcinoma with a novel SRBD1-ALK Fusion responding to crizotinib. Lung Cancer 2020; 146:370-372. [PMID: 32527613 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements account for approximately 3-5% in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who tend to be young and never/light-smokers. Echinoderm microtubule-associated protein like 4 (EML4) is the most common partner for ALK fusion, while more than 90 other partners have been reported in NSCLC. Majority of the ALK actionable rearrangements were sensitive to crizotinib, yet some rare fusion types may less benefit than EML4-ALK. Here, we reported a case of lung adenocarcinoma harboring a novel S1 RNA binding domain 1 (SRBD1)-ALK fusion which the breakpoints was (S6,A20). To our knowledge, this case is the first report showed clinical evidence of SRBD1-ALK fusion responding to crizotinib. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) examination and next-generation sequencing (NGS) based on a 425-gene panel was performed on the biopsy sample. RESULTS The IHC analysis revealed positive expression of ALK and atypical FISH signals were detected. Further NGS detected a novel SRBD1-ALK fusion. The patient received crizotinib (250 mg, twice a day) as first-line treatment and partial response was observed. The progression-free survival (PFS) is already over than 10 months up to today. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, our case is the first case of SRBD1-ALK fusion with excellent response to crizotinib. This case merits further follow-up and provides valuable information on the response to crizotinib of NSCLC patients with SRBD1-ALK fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochen Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yina Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Junrong
- Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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20
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Brisudova A, Skarda J. Gene rearrangement detection by next-generation sequencing in patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2020; 164:127-132. [PMID: 32284620 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2020.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Various molecular markers in NSCLC patients have been developed, including gene rearrangements, currently used in therapeutic strategies. With increasing number of these molecular biomarkers of NSCLC, there is a demand for highly efficient methods for detecting mutations and translocations in treatable targets. Those currently available U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved approaches, for example imunohistochemisty (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), are inadequate, due to sufficient quantity of material and long time duration. Next-generation massive parallel sequencing (NGS), with the ability to perform and capture data from millions of sequencing reactions simultaneously could resolve the problem. Thanks to gradual NGS introduction into clinical laboratories, screening time should be considerably shorter, which is very important for patients with advanced NSCLC. Moreover, only a minimum sample input is needed for achieving adequate results. NGS was compared to the current detection methods of ALK, ROS1, c-RET and c-MET rearrangements in NSCLC and a significant match, between IHC, FISH and NGS results, was found. Recent available researches have been carried out on a small numbers of patients. Verifying these results on larger patients cohort is important. This review sumarizes the literature on this subject and compares current possibilities of predictive gene rearrangements detection in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Brisudova
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Skarda
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
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21
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Mao W, Chen R, Zhang J, Zheng M. TMED2-ALK, a Novel ALK Fusion Gene Identified in a Patient With Lung Adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Oncol 2020; 15:e37-e39. [PMID: 32093858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Mao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ruo Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Junling Zhang
- Medical Department, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Mingfeng Zheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.
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22
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Ou SHI, Zhu VW, Nagasaka M. Catalog of 5' Fusion Partners in ALK-positive NSCLC Circa 2020. JTO Clin Res Rep 2020; 1:100015. [PMID: 34589917 PMCID: PMC8474466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2020.100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of anaplastic lymphoma kinase fusion-positive (ALK+) NSCLC in 2007, the methods to detect ALK+ NSCLC have evolved and expanded from fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry to next-generation DNA sequencing, targeted RNA sequencing, and whole transcriptome sequencing. As such, the deep sequencing methods have resulted in the expansion of distinct fusion partners identified in ALK+ NSCLC to 90 (one variant PLEKHM2-ALK is found in small cell lung cancer but included in this catalog) by the end of January 2020; about 65 of them (since 2018) and most of the recent novel fusion partners were reported from China. Thirty-four of the distinct fusion partners are located on the short arm of chromosome 2; 28 of these 34 fusion partners are located on 2p21-25, in which ALK is located on 2p23.2-p23.1. Many of these new ALK+ NSCLC fusion variants have responded to ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Several of these novel ALK fusion variants were identified as being resistant to EGFR TKIs or as dual 3'ALK fusions. In addition, at least 28 intergenic ALK rearrangements have also been reported, with three of them reported as responding to crizotinib. This review aims to serve as a central source of reference of fusion partners in ALK+ NSCLC for clinicians and scientists. We aim to update and improve the list going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai-Hong Ignatius Ou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, California
| | - Viola W. Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, California
| | - Misako Nagasaka
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute/Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
- Department of Advanced Medical Innovations, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
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23
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Wei Z, Zhongqiu T, Lu S, Zhang F, Xie W, Wang Y. Gene coexpression analysis offers important modules and pathway of human lung adenocarcinomas. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:454-464. [PMID: 31264215 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinomas injured greatly on the people worldwide. Although clinic experiments and gene profiling analyses had been well performed, to our knowledge, systemic coexpression analysis of human genes for this cancer is still limited to date. Here, using the published data GSE75037, we built the coexpression modules of genes by Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), and investigated function and protein-protein interaction network of coexpression genes by Database for Annotation, visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) and String database, respectively. First, 11 coexpression modules were conducted for 5,000 genes in the 83 samples recently. Number of genes for each module ranged from 90 to 1,260, with the mean of 454. Second, interaction relationships of hub-genes between pairwise modules showed great differences, suggesting relatively high scale independence of the modules. Third, functional enrichment of the coexpression modules showed great differences. We found that genes in modules 8 significantly enriched in the biological process and/or pathways of cell adhesion, extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and so forth. It was inferred as the key module underlying lung adenocarcinomas. Furthermore, PPI analysis revealed that the genes COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1, CTGF, and BGN owned the largest number of adjacency genes, unveiling that they may functioned importantly during the occurrence of lung adenocarcinomas. To summary, genes involved in cell adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway play crucial roles in human lung adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongheng Wei
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Tan Zhongqiu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Shuxiong Lu
- Department of Pathology, Huai'an Maternal and Child Health Care Center of Jiangsu Province Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Huai'an, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- School of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Department of Radiology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Respiratory Medicine Department, The First People's Hospital of Tianmen, Tianmen, Hubei, China
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24
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Zhu VW, Schrock AB, Bosemani T, Benn BS, Ali SM, Ou SHI. Dramatic response to alectinib in a lung cancer patient with a novel VKORC1L1-ALK fusion and an acquired ALK T1151K mutation. LUNG CANCER (AUCKLAND, N.Z.) 2018; 9:111-116. [PMID: 30519133 PMCID: PMC6234987 DOI: 10.2147/lctt.s186804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
ALK-rearranged lung cancer defines a distinctive molecular cohort of patients whose outcomes are significantly improved by the availability of ALK inhibitors. Thus, it is imperative for clinicians to screen appropriate patients for this driver mutation with a molecular testing platform capable of capturing all ALK fusions. Here, we report a novel VKORC1L1-ALK fusion and an ALK T1151K resistance mutation detected in a lung cancer patient who had been on crizotinib for over 8 years. Alectinib induced a dramatic response in this patient demonstrating its clinical activity against T1151K. This case illustrates the importance of performing repeat biopsy to explore mechanism(s) of resistance when patients experience disease progression on an ALK inhibitor. The approach has a direct therapeutic impact particularly when an ALK resistance mutation is identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola W Zhu
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA,
| | - Alexa B Schrock
- Clinical Development, Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Thangavijayan Bosemani
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Bryan S Benn
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Siraj M Ali
- Clinical Development, Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sai-Hong Ignatius Ou
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA,
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Huang H. Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) Receptor Tyrosine Kinase: A Catalytic Receptor with Many Faces. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3448. [PMID: 30400214 PMCID: PMC6274813 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) receptor is a membrane-bound tyrosine kinase. The pathogenesis of several cancers is closely related to aberrant forms of ALK or aberrant ALK expression, including ALK fusion proteins, ALK-activated point mutations, and ALK amplification. Clinical applications of different ALK inhibitors represent significant progress in targeted therapy. Knowledge of different aspects of ALK biology can provide significant information to further the understanding of this receptor tyrosine kinase. In this mini-review, we briefly summarize different features of ALK. We also summarize some recent research advances on ALK fusion proteins in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Huang
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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