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Li Y, Chen H, Yan H, Xu Y, Tang J, Wang R, Yan M, Dai Y, Huang Y, Liu X. Thermal stability of levopimaric acid and its oxidation products. BMC Chem 2023; 17:118. [PMID: 37730608 PMCID: PMC10512607 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-023-01031-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofuels are renewable alternatives to fossil fuels. Levopimaric acid‒base biofuels have attracted increasing attention. However, their stability remains a critical issue in practice. Thus, there is a strong impetus to evaluate the thermal stability of levopimaric acid. Through thermogravimetry (TG) and a custom-designed mini closed pressure vessel test (MCPVT) operating under isothermal and stepped temperature conditions, we investigated thermal oxidation characteristics of levopimaric acid under oxygen atmosphere. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and iodimetry were used to measure the hydrogen peroxides generated by levopimaric acid oxidation. A high pressure differential scanning calorimeter (HPDSC) was used to assess hydroperoxide thermal decomposition characteristics. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to characterize the oxidation products. The thermal decomposition kinetics of levopimaric acid were thus elucidated, and a high peroxide value was detected in the levopimaric acid. The decomposition heat (QDSC) and exothermic onset temperature (Tonset) of hydroperoxides were 338.75 J g-1 and 375.37 K, respectively. Finally, levopimaric acid underwent a second-stage oxidation process at its melt point (423.15 K), resulting in complex oxidation products. Thermal oxidation of levopimaric acid could yield potential thermal hazards, indicating that antioxidants must be added during levopimaric acid application to protect against such hazardous effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlin Li
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Hongqin Chen
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Heng Yan
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Yangyong Xu
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Jinwen Tang
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Runsen Wang
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Mengru Yan
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuqiao Dai
- Guizhou Tea Research Institute, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China
| | - Yongguang Huang
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China.
| | - Xiongmin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China.
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Nanda S, Sarker TR, Kang K, Li D, Dalai AK. Perspectives on Thermochemical Recycling of End-of-Life Plastic Wastes to Alternative Fuels. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4563. [PMID: 37444877 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to its resistance to natural degradation and decomposition, plastic debris perseveres in the environment for centuries. As a lucrative material for packing industries and consumer products, plastics have become one of the major components of municipal solid waste today. The recycling of plastics is becoming difficult due to a lack of resource recovery facilities and a lack of efficient technologies to separate plastics from mixed solid waste streams. This has made oceans the hotspot for the dispersion and accumulation of plastic residues beyond landfills. This article reviews the sources, geographical occurrence, characteristics and recyclability of different types of plastic waste. This article presents a comprehensive summary of promising thermochemical technologies, such as pyrolysis, liquefaction and gasification, for the conversion of single-use plastic wastes to clean fuels. The operating principles, drivers and barriers for plastic-to-fuel technologies via pyrolysis (non-catalytic, catalytic, microwave and plasma), as well as liquefaction and gasification, are thoroughly discussed. Thermochemical co-processing of plastics with other organic waste biomass to produce high-quality fuel and energy products is also elaborated upon. Through this state-of-the-art review, it is suggested that, by investing in the research and development of thermochemical recycling technologies, one of the most pragmatic issues today, i.e., plastics waste management, can be sustainably addressed with a greater worldwide impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonil Nanda
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada
| | - Tumpa R Sarker
- Department of Farm Power and Machinery, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Kang Kang
- Biorefining Research Institute, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Dongbing Li
- Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute, University of Nottingham, Ningbo 315104, China
| | - Ajay K Dalai
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada
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Ma T, Yin M, Su C, Guo N, Huang X, Han Z, Wang Y, Chen G, Yun Z. Recent developments in the field of dehydration of bio-renewable glycerol to acrolein over molecular sieve catalysts. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Abstract
Polymers and plastics are crucial materials in many sectors of our economy, due to their numerous advantages. They also have some disadvantages, among the most important are problems with the recycling and disposal of used plastics. The recovery of waste plastics is increasing every year, but over 27% of plastics are landfilled. The rest is recycled, where, unfortunately, incineration is still the most common management method. From an economic perspective, waste management methods that lead to added-value products are most preferred—as in the case of material and chemical recycling. Since chemical recycling can be used for difficult wastes (poorly selected, contaminated), it seems to be the most effective way of managing these materials. Moreover, as a result this of kind of recycling, it is possible to obtain commercially valuable products, such as fractions for fuel composition and monomers for the reproduction of polymers. This review focuses on various liquefaction technologies as a prospective recycling method for three types of plastic waste: PE, PP and PS.
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Ma Z, Hou X, Chen B, Zhao L, Yuan E, Cui T. Analysis of n-hexane, 1-hexene, cyclohexane and cyclohexene catalytic cracking over HZSM-5 zeolites: effects of molecular structure. REACT CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00532d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular structure significantly affects n-hexane, 1-hexene, cyclohexane and cyclohexene catalytic cracking over HZSM-5 zeolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhou Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Xu Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
- Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Bochong Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Liu Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Enxian Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Tingting Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
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