1
|
Liu A, Luo P, Huang H. New insight of complement system in the process of vascular calcification. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:1168-1178. [PMID: 37002701 PMCID: PMC10148053 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The complement system defences against pathogenic microbes and modulates immune homeostasis by interacting with the innate and adaptive immune systems. Dysregulation, impairment or inadvertent activation of complement system contributes to the pathogenesis of some autoimmune diseases and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Vascular calcification is the pivotal pathological basis of CVD, and contributes to the high morbidity and mortality of CVD. Increasing evidences indicate that the complement system plays a key role in chronic kidney diseases, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and aging-related diseases, which are closely related with vascular calcification. However, the effect of complement system on vascular calcification is still unclear. In this review, we summarize current evidences about the activation of complement system in vascular calcification. We also describe the complex network of complement system and vascular smooth muscle cells osteogenic transdifferentiation, systemic inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, extracellular matrix remodelling, oxidative stress, apoptosis in vascular calcification. Hence, providing a better understanding of the potential relationship between complement system and vascular calcification, so as to provide a direction for slowing the progression of this burgeoning health concern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiting Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Universities for Nutritional Metabolism and Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases Sun Yat‐sen University Shenzhen China
| | - Pei Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines Macau University of Science and Technology Macau China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Universities for Nutritional Metabolism and Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases Sun Yat‐sen University Shenzhen China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu M, Rowe JM, Fleming SD. Complement Initiation Varies by Sex in Intestinal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. Front Immunol 2021; 12:649882. [PMID: 33868287 PMCID: PMC8047102 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.649882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia reperfusion (IR)-induced tissue injury represents an acute inflammatory response with significant morbidity and mortality. The mechanism of IR-induced injury is not fully elucidated, but recent studies suggest a critical role for complement activation and for differences between sexes. To test the hypothesis that complement initiation differs by sex in intestinal IR, we performed intestinal IR on male and female WT C57B6L/, C1q-/-, MBL-/-, or properdin (P)-/- mice. Intestinal injury, C3b and C5a production and ex vivo secretions were analyzed. Initial studies demonstrated a difference in complement mRNA and protein in male and female WT mice. In response to IR, male C1q-, MBL- and P-deficient mice sustained less injury than male WT mice. In contrast, only female MBL-/- mice sustained significantly less injury than female wildtype mice. Importantly, wildtype, C1q-/- and P-/- female mice sustained significant less injury than the corresponding male mice. In addition, both C1q and MBL expression and deposition increased in WT male mice, while only elevated MBL expression and deposition occurred in WT female mice. These data suggested that males use both C1q and MBL pathways, while females tend to depend on lectin pathway during intestinal IR. Females produced significantly less serum C5a in MBL-/- and P-/- mice. Our findings suggested that complement activation plays a critical role in intestinal IR in a sex-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Wu
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Jennifer M. Rowe
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Sherry D. Fleming
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tan XH, Zheng XM, Yu LX, He J, Zhu HM, Ge XP, Ren XL, Ye FQ, Bellusci S, Xiao J, Li XK, Zhang JS. Fibroblast growth factor 2 protects against renal ischaemia/reperfusion injury by attenuating mitochondrial damage and proinflammatory signalling. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:2909-2925. [PMID: 28544332 PMCID: PMC5661260 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischaemia‐reperfusion injury (I/RI) is a common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). The molecular basis underlying I/RI‐induced renal pathogenesis and measures to prevent or reverse this pathologic process remains to be resolved. Basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) is reported to have protective roles of myocardial infarction as well as in several other I/R related disorders. Herein we present evidence that FGF2 exhibits robust protective effect against renal histological and functional damages in a rat I/RI model. FGF2 treatment greatly alleviated I/R‐induced acute renal dysfunction and largely blunted I/R‐induced elevation in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, and also the number of TUNEL‐positive tubular cells in the kidney. Mechanistically, FGF2 substantially ameliorated renal I/RI by mitigating several mitochondria damaging parameters including pro‐apoptotic alteration of Bcl2/Bax expression, caspase‐3 activation, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and KATP channel integrity. Of note, the protective effect of FGF2 was significantly compromised by the KATP channel blocker 5‐HD. Interestingly, I/RI alone resulted in mild activation of FGFR, whereas FGF2 treatment led to more robust receptor activation. More significantly, post‐I/RI administration of FGF2 also exhibited robust protection against I/RI by reducing cell apoptosis, inhibiting the release of damage‐associated molecular pattern molecule HMBG1 and activation of its downstream inflammatory cytokines such as IL‐1α, IL‐6 and TNF α. Taken together, our data suggest that FGF2 offers effective protection against I/RI and improves animal survival by attenuating mitochondrial damage and HMGB1‐mediated inflammatory response. Therefore, FGF2 has the potential to be used for the prevention and treatment of I/RI‐induced AKI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hua Tan
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li-Xia Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian He
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Hong-Mei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Ge
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Li Ren
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fa-Qing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China.,Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jian Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Kun Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jin-San Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bongoni AK, Lu B, Salvaris EJ, Roberts V, Fang D, McRae JL, Fisicaro N, Dwyer KM, Cowan PJ. Overexpression of Human CD55 and CD59 or Treatment with Human CD55 Protects against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:4837-4845. [PMID: 28500075 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Deficiency in the membrane-bound complement regulators CD55 and CD59 exacerbates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in mouse models, but the effect of increasing CD55 and CD59 activity has not been examined. In this study, we investigated the impact of overexpression of human (h) CD55 ± hCD59 or treatment with soluble rhCD55 in a mouse model of renal IRI. Unilaterally nephrectomised mice were subjected to 18 (mild IRI) or 22 min (moderate IRI) warm renal ischemia, and analyzed 24 h after reperfusion for renal function (serum creatinine and urea), complement deposition (C3b/c and C9), and infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages. Transgenic mice expressing hCD55 alone were protected against mild renal IRI, with reduced creatinine and urea levels compared with wild type littermates. However, the renal function of the hCD55 mice was not preserved in the moderate IRI model, despite a reduction in C3b/c and C9 deposition and innate cell infiltration. Mice expressing both hCD55 and hCD59, on the other hand, were protected in the moderate IRI model, with significant reductions in all parameters measured. Wild type mice treated with rhCD55 immediately after reperfusion were also protected in the moderate IRI model. Thus, manipulation of CD55 activity to increase inhibition of the C3 and C5 convertases is protective against renal IRI, and the additional expression of hCD59, which regulates the terminal complement pathway, provides further protection. Therefore, anti-complement therapy using complement regulatory proteins may provide a potential clinical option for preventing tissue and organ damage in renal IRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjan K Bongoni
- Immunology Research Centre, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Bo Lu
- Immunology Research Centre, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Evelyn J Salvaris
- Immunology Research Centre, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Veena Roberts
- Immunology Research Centre, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia; and
| | - Doreen Fang
- Immunology Research Centre, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia; and
| | - Jennifer L McRae
- Immunology Research Centre, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Nella Fisicaro
- Immunology Research Centre, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Karen M Dwyer
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Peter J Cowan
- Immunology Research Centre, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia; .,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia; and
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shimizu S, Tsounapi P, Dimitriadis F, Higashi Y, Shimizu T, Saito M. Testicular torsion-detorsion and potential therapeutic treatments: A possible role for ischemic postconditioning. Int J Urol 2016; 23:454-63. [DOI: 10.1111/iju.13110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacology; Kochi Medical School; Kochi University; Nankoku Kochi Japan
| | - Panagiota Tsounapi
- Division of Urology; Tottori University School of Medicine; Yonago Tottori Japan
| | - Fotios Dimitriadis
- Department of Urology; School of Medicine; Ioannina University; Ioannina Greece
| | - Youichirou Higashi
- Department of Pharmacology; Kochi Medical School; Kochi University; Nankoku Kochi Japan
| | - Takahiro Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacology; Kochi Medical School; Kochi University; Nankoku Kochi Japan
| | - Motoaki Saito
- Department of Pharmacology; Kochi Medical School; Kochi University; Nankoku Kochi Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jonker SJ, Menting TP, Warlé MC, Ritskes-Hoitinga M, Wever KE. Preclinical Evidence for the Efficacy of Ischemic Postconditioning against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury, a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150863. [PMID: 26963819 PMCID: PMC4786316 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major cause of kidney damage after e.g. renal surgery and transplantation. Ischemic postconditioning (IPoC) is a promising treatment strategy for renal IRI, but early clinical trials have not yet replicated the promising results found in animal studies. METHOD We present a systematic review, quality assessment and meta-analysis of the preclinical evidence for renal IPoC, and identify factors which modify its efficacy. RESULTS We identified 39 publications studying >250 control animals undergoing renal IRI only and >290 animals undergoing renal IRI and IPoC. Healthy, male rats undergoing warm ischemia were used in the vast majority of studies. Four studies applied remote IPoC, all others used local IPoC. Meta-analysis showed that both local and remote IPoC ameliorated renal damage after IRI for the outcome measures serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and renal histology. Subgroup analysis indicated that IPoC efficacy increased with the duration of index ischemia. Measures to reduce bias were insufficiently reported. CONCLUSION High efficacy of IPoC is observed in animal models, but factors pertaining to the internal and external validity of these studies may hamper the translation of IPoC to the clinical setting. The external validity of future animal studies should be increased by including females, comorbid animals, and transplantation models, in order to better inform clinical trial design. The severity of renal damage should be taken into account in the design and analysis of future clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone J. Jonker
- SYstematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE), Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Theo P. Menting
- Department of surgery, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel C. Warlé
- Department of surgery, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Merel Ritskes-Hoitinga
- SYstematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE), Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kimberley E. Wever
- SYstematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE), Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kierulf-Lassen C, Nieuwenhuijs-Moeke GJ, Krogstrup NV, Oltean M, Jespersen B, Dor FJMF. Molecular Mechanisms of Renal Ischemic Conditioning Strategies. Eur Surg Res 2015; 55:151-83. [PMID: 26330099 DOI: 10.1159/000437352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is the leading cause of acute kidney injury in a variety of clinical settings such as renal transplantation and hypovolemic and/or septic shock. Strategies to reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury are obviously clinically relevant. Ischemic conditioning is an inherent part of the renal defense mechanism against ischemia and can be triggered by short periods of intermittent ischemia and reperfusion. Understanding the signaling transduction pathways of renal ischemic conditioning can promote further clinical translation and pharmacological advancements in this era. This review summarizes research on the molecular mechanisms underlying both local and remote ischemic pre-, per- and postconditioning of the kidney. The different types of conditioning strategies in the kidney recruit similar powerful pro-survival mechanisms. Likewise, renal ischemic conditioning mobilizes many of the same protective signaling pathways as in other organs, but differences are recognized.
Collapse
|
8
|
Tan X, Yin R, Chen Y, Gao D, Zhang X. Postconditioning attenuates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by mobilization of stem cells. J Nephrol 2015; 28:289-98. [PMID: 25663348 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-015-0171-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We recently showed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial DNA damage and deletions were attenuated by postconditioning (POC). It is not known, however, whether a population of progenitor cells is recruited by POC and is responsible for repair of renal tubular epithelial cells after ischemic injury. METHODS The model of renal POC was induced by 45 min clamping of the left renal artery and right nephrectomy followed by 7 min of short-time full reperfusion and 3 cycles of 30 s ischemia and 30 s reperfusion. The lymphocyte compartment of peripheral blood was evaluated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) to determine expression of the bone marrow-derived progenitor cell markers CXC-chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), c-Kit, and CD34, at 12 h, 1 day and 3 days post-ischemia. Serum and kidney tissue were collected for analysis at 3 and 7 days post-ischemia. RESULTS Renal functional and structural recovery was markedly improved by POC, which increased the number of CXCR4(+) and CD34(+) stem cells in peripheral blood and kidney tissue. Inhibition of ROS burst by POC was likely associated with increased hypoxia-inducible factor-1 expression, which may further promote stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) expression. CONCLUSIONS The mechanisms of stem cell recruitment to the injured foci mobilized by POC appear to be mediated by moderate oxidative stress, which may lead to increased SDF-1 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Tan
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen H, Xing B, Wang L, Weng X, Chen Z, Liu X. Aged kidneys are refractory to ischemic postconditioning in a rat model. Ren Fail 2014; 36:1575-80. [PMID: 25156634 DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2014.949769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic postconditioning (IPoC) is defined as a series of intermittent interruptions of blood flow in the early phase of reperfusion that mechanically alters the hydrodynamics of reperfusion and it attenuates renal damage after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in vivo. But all of these data had been obtained in adult populations and whether this protection was maintained in aging kidneys was unknown. The objective of this study was to establish whether the efficacy of IPoC is maintained in aging kidneys. MATERIALS AND METHODS The aged (24-month-old) and young (3-month-old) Wistar rats were used. Rats were subjected to 45 min of renal ischemia, both with and without treatment with IPoC. Serum urea nitrogen and creatinine levels, histological examination and apoptosis were assessed at 24 h. Oxidative stress was evaluated and apoptosis-related molecules were studied by Western blotting. RESULTS In young rat kidneys, IPoC significantly attenuated the renal dysfunction and cell apoptosis induced by I/R. In contrast, IPoC failed to limit renal dysfunction, possibly a consequence of increased apoptosis in aged rat kidneys. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicated that IPoC was ineffective in aged rat kidneys. These findings may have major implications in that severe apoptosis in aged kidneys might be refractory to anti-apoptotic effect by IPoC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is inevitable during transplantation. Attempts to reduce IRI have mainly focused on ways to improve hypothermic organ preservation and reduce the nephrotoxic effects of calcineurin inhibitors. Recently, it has been shown that short, repeated sequences of intermittent ischemia and reperfusion after a prolonged ischemic episode, so-called ischemic postconditioning (IPoC), reduce myocardial infarct size by approximately 40% in animal models and in humans. The principle of IPoC could be applied to every organ after ischemic injury, including kidney transplants. In fact, IPoC has demonstrated its clinical potential by reducing IRI in different organs in several animal models. In this review, we provide an overview of animal experiments on renal IRI and IPoC, demonstrating benefits with respect to organ damage and kidney function. We propose potential mechanisms by which IPoC protects against IRI. However, thus far, no human trials investigating IPoC in transplantation have been performed. Such clinical studies are needed to establish whether a simple procedure such as IPoC can improve the outcomes of human organ transplantation.
Collapse
|