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Murray KS, Winter AG, Corradi RB, LaRosa S, Jebiwott S, Somma A, Takaki H, Srimathveeravalli G, Lepherd M, Monette S, Kim K, Scherz A, Coleman JA. Treatment Effects of WST11 Vascular Targeted Photodynamic Therapy for Urothelial Cell Carcinoma in Swine. J Urol 2016; 196:236-43. [PMID: 26860792 PMCID: PMC4914469 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.01.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Surgical management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma requires kidney and ureter removal, compromising renal function. Nonsurgical alternatives have potentially prohibitive safety concerns. We examined the feasibility and safety of ablation of the ureter and renal pelvis using endoluminal vascular targeted photodynamic therapy in a porcine model. We also report the efficacy of WST11 vascular targeted photodynamic therapy in a murine model. MATERIALS AND METHODS After receiving approval we performed a total of 28 endoluminal ablations in the ureters and renal pelvis of 18 swine. Intravenous infusion of WST11 (4 mg/kg) followed by 10-minute laser illumination was done via percutaneous access or a retrograde ureteroscopic approach. Animals were followed clinically with laboratory testing, imaging and histology, which were evaluated at several postablation time points. A murine xenograft was created with the 5637 human urothelial cell carcinoma line to determine sensitivity to this therapy. RESULTS At 24 hours 50 mW/cm laser fluence produced superficial necrosis of the ureter. Deeper necrosis penetrating the muscularis propria or adventitia was produced by treatment with 200 mW/cm in the ureter and the renal pelvis. At 4 weeks superficial urothelium had regenerated over the treatment site. No symptomatic obstruction, clinically relevant hydronephrosis or abnormality of laboratory testing was noted up to 4 weeks. Of the mice 80% had no evidence of tumor 19 days after WST11 vascular targeted photodynamic therapy. CONCLUSIONS Urothelial cell carcinoma appears to be sensitive to WST11 vascular targeted photodynamic therapy. The depth of WST11 vascular targeted photodynamic therapy treatment effects can be modulated in a dose dependent manner by titrating light intensity. Moreover, when applied to the porcine upper urinary tract, this treatment modality is feasible via antegrade and retrograde access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie S Murray
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ashley G Winter
- Center of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Urology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York; Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York; New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York; Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Renato Beluco Corradi
- Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Stephen LaRosa
- Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sylvia Jebiwott
- Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Alexander Somma
- Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Haruyuki Takaki
- Interventional Radiology Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Michelle Lepherd
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sebastien Monette
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kwanghee Kim
- Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Avigdor Scherz
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jonathan A Coleman
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Urology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York.
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Kimm SY, Tarin TV, Monette S, Srimathveeravalli G, Gerber D, Durack JC, Solomon SB, Scardino PT, Scherz A, Coleman J. Nonthermal Ablation by Using Intravascular Oxygen Radical Generation with WST11: Dynamic Tissue Effects and Implications for Focal Therapy. Radiology 2016; 281:109-18. [PMID: 26986047 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2016141571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To examine the hypothesis that vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy (VTP) with WST11 and clinically relevant parameters can be used to ablate target tissues in a non-tumor-bearing large-animal model while selectively sparing blood vessels and collagen. Materials and Methods By using an institutional animal care and use committee-approved protocol, 68 ablations were performed in the kidneys (cortex and medulla) and livers of 27 adult pigs. Posttreatment evaluation was conducted with contrast material-enhanced computed tomography in the live animals at 24 hours. Immunohistochemistry was evaluated and histologic examination with hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed at 4 hours, 24 hours, and 7 days. Intravenous infusion of WST11 (4 mg per kilogram of body weight) was followed by using near-infrared illumination (753 nm for 20 minutes) through optical fibers prepositioned in target tissues by using a fixed template. Treated areas were scanned, measured, and statistically analyzed by using the Student t test and two-way analysis of variance. Results Focal WST11 VTP treatment in the liver and kidney by using a single optical fiber resulted in well-demarcated cylindrical zones of nonthermal necrosis concentrically oriented around the light-emitting diffuser, with no intervening viable parenchymal cells. The radius of ablated tissue increased from approximately 5 mm at 150 mW to approximately 7 mm at 415 mW (P < .01). Illumination through fiber triads at 1-cm separation resulted in confluent homogeneous necrosis. Patterns of acute injury within 24 hours were consistent with microcirculatory flow arrest and collagen preservation (demonstrated with trichrome staining). In the peripheral ablation zone, blood vessels at least 40 μm in diameter were selectively preserved and remained functional at 7 days. Ablated tissues exhibited progressive fibrosis and chronic inflammatory cell infiltrates. No histologic changes consistent with thermal injury were observed in blood vessels or collagen. The renal hilum and collecting system did not show treatment effect, despite treatment proximity. Conclusion WST11 VTP induces nonthermal tissue ablation in target tissue while preserving critical organ structures and bystander blood vessels within solid organs. (©) RSNA, 2016 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Y Kimm
- From the Urology Service, Department of Surgery (S.Y.K., D.G., P.T.S., J.C.), Tri-Institutional Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Rockefeller University, Weill Cornell Medical College (S.M.), Radiochemistry and Imaging Sciences Service (G.S.), and Interventional Radiology Service (J.C.D., S.B.S.), Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065; Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (T.V.T.); and Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel (A.S.)
| | - Tatum V Tarin
- From the Urology Service, Department of Surgery (S.Y.K., D.G., P.T.S., J.C.), Tri-Institutional Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Rockefeller University, Weill Cornell Medical College (S.M.), Radiochemistry and Imaging Sciences Service (G.S.), and Interventional Radiology Service (J.C.D., S.B.S.), Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065; Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (T.V.T.); and Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel (A.S.)
| | - Sébastien Monette
- From the Urology Service, Department of Surgery (S.Y.K., D.G., P.T.S., J.C.), Tri-Institutional Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Rockefeller University, Weill Cornell Medical College (S.M.), Radiochemistry and Imaging Sciences Service (G.S.), and Interventional Radiology Service (J.C.D., S.B.S.), Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065; Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (T.V.T.); and Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel (A.S.)
| | - Govindarajan Srimathveeravalli
- From the Urology Service, Department of Surgery (S.Y.K., D.G., P.T.S., J.C.), Tri-Institutional Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Rockefeller University, Weill Cornell Medical College (S.M.), Radiochemistry and Imaging Sciences Service (G.S.), and Interventional Radiology Service (J.C.D., S.B.S.), Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065; Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (T.V.T.); and Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel (A.S.)
| | - Daniel Gerber
- From the Urology Service, Department of Surgery (S.Y.K., D.G., P.T.S., J.C.), Tri-Institutional Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Rockefeller University, Weill Cornell Medical College (S.M.), Radiochemistry and Imaging Sciences Service (G.S.), and Interventional Radiology Service (J.C.D., S.B.S.), Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065; Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (T.V.T.); and Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel (A.S.)
| | - Jeremy C Durack
- From the Urology Service, Department of Surgery (S.Y.K., D.G., P.T.S., J.C.), Tri-Institutional Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Rockefeller University, Weill Cornell Medical College (S.M.), Radiochemistry and Imaging Sciences Service (G.S.), and Interventional Radiology Service (J.C.D., S.B.S.), Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065; Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (T.V.T.); and Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel (A.S.)
| | - Stephen B Solomon
- From the Urology Service, Department of Surgery (S.Y.K., D.G., P.T.S., J.C.), Tri-Institutional Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Rockefeller University, Weill Cornell Medical College (S.M.), Radiochemistry and Imaging Sciences Service (G.S.), and Interventional Radiology Service (J.C.D., S.B.S.), Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065; Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (T.V.T.); and Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel (A.S.)
| | - Peter T Scardino
- From the Urology Service, Department of Surgery (S.Y.K., D.G., P.T.S., J.C.), Tri-Institutional Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Rockefeller University, Weill Cornell Medical College (S.M.), Radiochemistry and Imaging Sciences Service (G.S.), and Interventional Radiology Service (J.C.D., S.B.S.), Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065; Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (T.V.T.); and Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel (A.S.)
| | - Avigdor Scherz
- From the Urology Service, Department of Surgery (S.Y.K., D.G., P.T.S., J.C.), Tri-Institutional Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Rockefeller University, Weill Cornell Medical College (S.M.), Radiochemistry and Imaging Sciences Service (G.S.), and Interventional Radiology Service (J.C.D., S.B.S.), Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065; Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (T.V.T.); and Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel (A.S.)
| | - Jonathan Coleman
- From the Urology Service, Department of Surgery (S.Y.K., D.G., P.T.S., J.C.), Tri-Institutional Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Rockefeller University, Weill Cornell Medical College (S.M.), Radiochemistry and Imaging Sciences Service (G.S.), and Interventional Radiology Service (J.C.D., S.B.S.), Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065; Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa (T.V.T.); and Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel (A.S.)
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Qi T, Xu F, Yan X, Li S, Li H. Sulforaphane exerts anti-inflammatory effects against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice through the Nrf2/ARE pathway. Int J Mol Med 2015; 37:182-8. [PMID: 26531002 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane (1-isothiocyanate-4-methyl sulfonyl butane) is a plant extract (obtained from cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli and cabbage) and is known to exert anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. It stimulates the generation of human or animal cells, which is beneficial to the body. The aim of the current study was to determine whether sulforaphane protects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced acute lung injury (ALI) through its anti-inflammatory effects, and to investigate the signaling pathways involved. For this purpose, male BALB/c mice were treated with sulforaphane (50 mg/kg) and 3 days later, ALI was induced by the administration of LPS (5 mg/kg) and we thus established the model of ALI. Our results revealed that sulforaphane significantly decreased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity (as shown by LDH assay), the wet-to-dry ratio of the lungs and the serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (measured by ELISA), as well as nuclear factor-κB protein expression in mice with LPS-induced ALI. Moreover, treatment with sulforaphane significantly inhibited prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) protein expression (as shown by western blot analysis), as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity in mice with LPS-induced ALI. Lastly, we noted that pre-treatment with sulforaphane activated the nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway in the mice with LPS-induced ALI. These findings demonstrate that sulforaphane exerts protective effects against LPS-induced ALI through the Nrf2/ARE pathway. Thus, sulforaphane may be a potential a candidate for use in the treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjie Qi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Jin Zhou People's Hospital of Hebei Province, Hebei 052260, P.R. China
| | - Xixin Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
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Kawczyk-Krupka A, Wawrzyniec K, Musiol SK, Potempa M, Bugaj AM, Sieroń A. Treatment of localized prostate cancer using WST-09 and WST-11 mediated vascular targeted photodynamic therapy-A review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2015; 12:567-74. [PMID: 26467273 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is well known for its direct cytotoxicity of the free radical-producing photochemical reaction, indirect mechanisms of action including modulation of intrinsic anti-tumour immune activity, and occlusion of pathologically altered tumour vessels leading to tumour ischaemia. The aim of this work is to critically review the evidence base for the use of vascular targeted PDT (VTP) to treat low-risk prostate cancer, and to discuss perspectives and challenges yet to be overcome. A brief general overview of focal prostate cancer therapy was provided, followed by a discussion of both basic and clinical research pertaining to prostate cancer VTP, with a focus on the palladium-based WST-09 and WST-11 photosensitisers. MATERIALS AND METHOD Literature on VTP for prostate cancer with the fallowing medical subject headings search terms: prostate cancer, photodynamic therapy, vascular targeted photodynamic therapy, bacteriopheophorbide were reviewed. The articles were selected by their relevance to the topic. RESULTS The clinical and basic research data available to date show much promise for WST-09, and WST-11 based VTP eventually joining the standard urologist's armamentarium against prostate cancer. With good reported tolerability and efficacy VTP can be proposed as an intermediate treatment for local low risk disease, halfway between watchful waiting and radical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kawczyk-Krupka
- School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Department and Clinic of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego Street 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
| | - K Wawrzyniec
- Department of Internal Diseases, 11 Listopada 48, 28-200 Staszów, Poland
| | - S K Musiol
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge CB2 OSP, United Kingdom
| | - M Potempa
- School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Department and Clinic of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego Street 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - A M Bugaj
- School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Department and Clinic of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego Street 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland; College of Health, Beauty Care and Education, Brzeźnicka 3, 60-133 Poznań, Poland
| | - A Sieroń
- School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Department and Clinic of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego Street 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
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