1
|
Urwin S, Gillibrand S, Davies JC, Crosbie EJ. Factors associated with cervical screening coverage: a longitudinal analysis of English general practices from 2013 to 2022. J Public Health (Oxf) 2024; 46:e43-e50. [PMID: 38148290 PMCID: PMC10939411 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdad275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer remains an important global public health concern. Understanding the factors contributing to a decline in screening uptake in high-income countries is fundamental to improving screening rates. We aimed to identify general practice and patient characteristics related to cervical screening coverage in England between 2013 and 2022. METHODS We analyzed a panel of 59 271 General Practice (GP)-years from 7881 GP practices. We applied correlated random effects regression to examine the association between cervical screening uptake and a rich set of GP practice workforce, size, quality and patient characteristics. RESULTS Our results show a decline in overall screening rates from 2013/14 to 2021/22 from 77% to 72%. We find GP workforce and list size characteristics are strongly related to screening rates. An increase in 1 FTE Nurse per 1000 patients is related to a 1.94 percentage point increase in cervical screening rates. GP practices located in more deprived areas have lower screening rates. CONCLUSIONS GP workforce and patient characteristics need to be considered by decision-makers to increase screening rates. The implementation of self-sampling screening methods could help address some of the current barriers to screening, including lack of healthcare staff and facilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean Urwin
- Health Organisation, Policy and Economics Group, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Stephanie Gillibrand
- Health Organisation, Policy and Economics Group, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Jennifer C Davies
- Gynaecological Oncology Research Group, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Emma J Crosbie
- Gynaecological Oncology Research Group, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hawkins AT, Ueland T, Aher C, Geiger TM, Spann MD, Horst SN, Schafer IV, Ye F, Fan R, Sharp KW. Shared Decision-Making in General Surgery: Prospective Comparison of Telemedicine vs In-Person Visits. J Am Coll Surg 2023; 236:762-771. [PMID: 36728391 DOI: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000000538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has accelerated a shift toward virtual telemedicine appointments with surgeons. While this form of healthcare delivery has potential benefits for both patients and surgeons, the quality of these interactions remains largely unstudied. We hypothesize that telemedicine visits are associated with lower quality of shared decision-making. STUDY DESIGN We performed a mixed-methods, prospective, observational cohort trial. All patients presenting for a first-time visit at general surgery clinics between May 2021 and June 2022 were included. Patients were categorized by type of visit: in-person vs telemedicine. The primary outcome was the level of shared decision-making as captured by top box scores of the CollaboRATE measure. Secondary outcomes included quality of shared decision-making as captured by the 9-item Shared Decision-Making Questionnaire and satisfaction with consultation survey. An adjusted analysis was performed accounting for potential confounders. A qualitative analysis of open-ended questions for both patients and practitioners was performed. RESULTS During a 13-month study period, 387 patients were enrolled, of which 301 (77.8%) underwent in-person visits and 86 (22.2%) underwent telemedicine visits. The groups were similar in age, sex, employment, education, and generic quality-of-life scores. In an adjusted analysis, a visit type of telemedicine was not associated with either the CollaboRATE top box score (odds ratio 1.27; 95% CI 0.74 to 2.20) or 9-item Shared Decision-Making Questionnaire (β -0.60; p = 0.76). Similarly, there was no difference in other outcomes. Themes from qualitative patient and surgeon responses included physical presence, time investment, appropriateness for visit purpose, technical difficulties, and communication quality. CONCLUSIONS In this large, prospective study, there does not appear to be a difference in quality of shared decision making in patients undergoing in-person vs telemedicine appointments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T Hawkins
- Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery (Hawkins, Ueland, Geiger, Schafer), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Thomas Ueland
- Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery (Hawkins, Ueland, Geiger, Schafer), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Chetan Aher
- From the Division of General Surgery (Aher, Spann, Sharp), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Timothy M Geiger
- Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery (Hawkins, Ueland, Geiger, Schafer), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Matthew D Spann
- From the Division of General Surgery (Aher, Spann, Sharp), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Sara N Horst
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (Horst), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Isabella V Schafer
- Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery (Hawkins, Ueland, Geiger, Schafer), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Fei Ye
- Biostatistics (Ye, Fan), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Run Fan
- Biostatistics (Ye, Fan), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Kenneth W Sharp
- From the Division of General Surgery (Aher, Spann, Sharp), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yu J, Leung MY, Ma G, Xia J. Older Adults' Access to and Satisfaction With Primary Hospitals Based on Spatial and Non-spatial Analyses. Front Public Health 2022; 10:845648. [PMID: 35570922 PMCID: PMC9096154 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.845648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to improve the health and quality of life of older adults, the Chinese government is dedicated to establishing an equilibrium level of primary healthcare services for all communities. However, little attention has been paid to measuring the accessibility of primary hospitals to older adults, nor to understanding the seniors' satisfaction with and needs for primary healthcare services. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the spatial accessibility of primary hospitals to older adults, and also to examine the impact of walking distances on the seniors' satisfaction with their healthcare services. A two-step floating catchment area method was applied to measure the spatial accessibility of primary hospitals to older adults at the level of subdistricts. In order to investigate the actual opinions of older adults and verify the results of spatial analysis, a large-scale questionnaire survey was also conducted. The analyses found that (1) primary hospitals were not equally distributed; (2) most older adults did not have access to primary hospitals within a threshold walking distance of 1,000 m, but they usually could reach a hospital in their subdistrict within a threshold distance of 2,000 m; (3) older adults' satisfaction levels with primary hospitals were significantly different among subdistricts; (4) long walking distances negatively influenced older adults' satisfaction with primary hospitals; (5) the satisfaction of older adults was highest with a threshold distance of 500 m; and (6) a piecewise regression model indicated that older adults' satisfaction with primary hospitals would decrease with an increase in walking distance to the hospital. When the walking distances exceeded 1,000 m, the slope of the linear regression model increased significantly compared with the slope for walking distances less than 1,000 m. By adopting multiple research methods and capturing older adults' behaviors and satisfaction, our results provide (1) data on the importance of accessibility of primary hospitals to older adults, and (2) insights for future planning to achieve equity in primary healthcare and enhance the spatial distribution of primary hospitals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Yu
- School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Mei-Yung Leung
- Department of Architectural and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Guixia Ma
- School of Foreign Studies, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Jingcheng Xia
- School of Foreign Studies, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gravelle H, Liu D, Santos R. How do clinical quality and patient satisfaction vary with provider size in primary care? Evidence from English general practice panel data. Soc Sci Med 2022; 301:114936. [PMID: 35367906 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We examine the relationship between general practice list size and measures of clinical quality and patient satisfaction. Using data on all English practices from 2005/6 to 2016/17, we estimate practice level models with rich data on patient demographics, deprivation, and morbidity. We use lagged list size to allow for potential simultaneity bias from the effect of quality on list size. We compare results from three different estimation methods: pooled ordinary least squares, random practice effects, fixed practice effects. With all three estimation methods increased list size is associated with reductions in all four measures of patient satisfaction. Increases in list size are associated with worse performance on three clinical quality indicators and better performance on three, though the precision and size of the associations varies with the estimation method. The absolute values of the elasticities of the ten quality indicators with respect to list size are small: in all cases a 10% change in list size would change quality by less than 1%. The lack of evidence that large practices have markedly better quality suggests that encouraging practices to form larger, but looser, groupings, may not, in itself, improve their performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Gravelle
- Economics of Social and Health Care Research Unit, Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
| | - Dan Liu
- Economics of Social and Health Care Research Unit, Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom; Centre for Health Economics Research and Evaluation, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Rita Santos
- Economics of Social and Health Care Research Unit, Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The Strategy for Improving the Quality of the Medical Services. ARS MEDICA TOMITANA 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/arsm-2021-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Healthcare management has certain particularities, especially when it comes to the quality of the services it provides. Continuous improvement and adaptation of these services to the needs of the patients it’s an activity which should be part of the strategy any medical institution has, especially hospitals.
In this paper we analyze the results of the evaluations prior and after several measures were implemented in order to improve the quality of the medical services in a medical institution.
Collapse
|