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Cushman CJ, Ibrahim AF, Montgomery J. Complex management of concurrent lower extremity arteriovenous malformations: A case study and review of interventional techniques. Radiol Case Rep 2024; 19:5359-5364. [PMID: 39280745 PMCID: PMC11402174 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2024.07.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare vascular anomalies that present complex diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, particularly in uncommon locations such as the lower extremities. A 72-year-old female with chronic atrial fibrillation, hypertension, and peripheral vascular disease presented with severe lower extremity edema due to multiple AVMs below the knee. This case underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary, individualized approach in managing complex AVMs and highlights the need for advanced imaging and diverse interventional techniques to ensure effective treatment and long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline J Cushman
- Department of Radiology, Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Andrew F Ibrahim
- Department of Radiology, Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - James Montgomery
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Covenant Medical Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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Li XY, Wang DM, Wen MZ, Zheng LZ, Wang ZF, Ren-Cai, Yi-Sun, Shen YC, Su LX, Fan XD, Yang XT. Ethanol Embolization of Chest Wall Arteriovenous Malformations: Four-Year Findings. J Endovasc Ther 2024; 31:919-926. [PMID: 36680501 DOI: 10.1177/15266028221149908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To summarize the clinical characteristics and investigate the efficacy of ethanol embolotherapy in the treatment of chest well arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Treatment-associated complications were also explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between March 2017 and August 2021, 32 consecutive patients (mean age, 23.7 years; age range, 5-54 years) who underwent ethanol embolotherapy for chest well AVMs under general anesthesia were included in this study. Embolization was performed through a direct puncture, transarterial catheterization, or a combination of the 2 procedures. The mean follow-up duration after the last treatment was 18.0 months (range, 3-42 months). The degree of devascularization on follow-up (assessed using angiography or computed tomography), and the clinical signs and symptoms of AVMs were evaluated as the therapeutic outcomes. The major and minor complications associated with the procedures were recorded. RESULTS A total of 103 embolization procedures (mean, 3.2; range, 2-7) comprising 101 ethanol embolization and 2 coil embolizations were performed on 32 patients with chest wall AVMs. The AVM nidus was accessed through the transarterial approach alone in 4 patients, by direct puncture in 11, and a combined procedure in 17 patients. Overall, more than 80% of the procedures were performed using the combined approach. Complete AVM devascularization was achieved in 12 (37.5%) patients. Moreover, 76% to 99% AVM was achieved in 18 patients (56.3%), and 50% to 75% in 2 patients (6.3%). Bleeding, pain, heart failure, and cosmetic deformities were the indications for treatment. For 3 patients (3/32, 9.4%) who had bleeding, the treatment stopped the hemorrhage. Complete pain relief was reported in 8 patients (8/32, 25.0%), whereas complete relief from congestive heart failure post-embolization was observed in 5 of the 6 patients with congestive heart failure (5/6, 83.3%). Complete correction of cosmesis deformities after embolization was achieved in 10 patients (10/32, 31.3%). Two patients who underwent surgery to correct persistent deformity after embolization only showed insignificant improvement. In addition, 6 (18.8%) patients developed 13 complications including blister, necrosis, hemothorax, transient hemoglobinuria, and transient pulmonary artery hypertension. CONCLUSIONS Ethanol embolotherapy is a safe and effective procedure for chest well AVMs. Surgery is required for some patients with residual cosmesis deformity. CLINICAL IMPACT Currently, there is no standard treatment for chest well AVMs due to their rarity and high heterogeneity. The present study shows that thanol embolotherapy is a safe and clinically effective treatment procedure for the chest well AVMs. Transarterial embolization in combination with direct puncture embolization can reach the AVM nidus. Ethanol embolotherapy can achieve complete obliteration of the AVM nidus in the majority of patients. Surgery may still be needed to correct cosmetic deformity after embolization. The present study provides valuable evidence to inform clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yu Li
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - De-Ming Wang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-Zhe Wen
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lian-Zhou Zheng
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Feng Wang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ren-Cai
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Sun
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Chen Shen
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Xin Su
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Dong Fan
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi-Tao Yang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Shen YC, Wang DM, Yang XT, Wang ZF, Wen MZ, Han YF, Zheng LZ, Di RY, Jiang CY, Wang JB, You JX, Zhang LM, Su LX, Fan XD. Novel radiopaque ethanol injection: physicochemical properties, animal experiments, and clinical application in vascular malformations. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:39. [PMID: 38902798 PMCID: PMC11188249 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00542-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the efficacy of absolute ethanol (EtOH), its radiolucency introduces several risks in interventional therapy for treating vascular malformations. This study aims to develop a novel radiopaque ethanol injection (REI) to address this issue. METHODS Iopromide is mixed with ethanol to achieve radiopacity and improve the physicochemical properties of the solution. Overall, 82 male New Zealand white rabbits are selected for in vivo radiopacity testing, peripheral vein sclerosis [animals were divided into the following 5 groups (n = 6): negative control (NC, saline, 0.250 ml/kg), positive control (EtOH, 0.250 ml/kg), low-dose REI (L-D REI, 0.125 ml/kg), moderate-dose REI (M-D REI, 0.250 ml/kg), and high-dose REI (H-D REI 0.375 ml/kg)], pharmacokinetic analyses (the blood sample was harvested before injection, 5 min, 10 min, 20 min, 40 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, and 8 h after injection in peripheral vein sclerosis experiment), peripheral artery embolization [animals were divided into the following 5 groups (n = 3): NC (saline, 0.250 ml/kg), positive control (EtOH, 0.250 ml/kg), L-D REI (0.125 ml/kg), M-D REI (0.250 ml/kg), and H-D REI (0.375 ml/kg)], kidney transcatheter arterial embolization [animals were divided into the following 4 groups (n = 3): positive control (EtOH, 0.250 ml/kg), L-D REI (0.125 ml/kg), M-D REI (0.250 ml/kg), and H-D REI (0.375 ml/kg); each healthy kidney was injected with saline as negative control], and biosafety evaluations [animals were divided into the following 5 groups (n = 3): NC (0.250 ml/kg), high-dose EtOH (0.375 ml/kg), L-D REI (0.125 ml/kg), M-D REI (0.250 ml/kg), and H-D REI (0.375 ml/kg)]. Then, a prospective cohort study involving 6 patients with peripheral venous malformations (VMs) is performed to explore the clinical safety and effectiveness of REI. From Jun 1, 2023 to August 31, 2023, 6 patients [age: (33.3 ± 17.2) years] with lingual VMs received sclerotherapy of REI and 2-month follow-up. Adverse events and serious adverse events were evaluated, whereas the efficacy of REI was determined by both the traceability of the REI under DSA throughout the entire injection and the therapeutic effect 2 months after a single injection. RESULTS The REI contains 81.4% ethanol (v/v) and 111.3 mg/ml iodine, which can be traced throughout the injection in the animals and patients. The REI also exerts a similar effect as EtOH on peripheral venous sclerosis, peripheral arterial embolization, and renal embolization. Furthermore, the REI can be metabolized at a similar rate compared to EtOH and Ultravist® and did not cause injury to the animals' heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys and brain. No REI-related adverse effects have occurred during sclerotherapy of VMs, and 4/6 patients (66.7%) have achieved complete response at follow-up. CONCLUSION In conclusion, REI is safe, exerts therapeutic effects, and compensates for the radiolucency of EtOH in treating VMs. TRIAL REGISTRATION The clinical trial was registered as No. ChiCTR2300071751 on May 24 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Shen
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - De-Ming Wang
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xi-Tao Yang
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zhen-Feng Wang
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ming-Zhe Wen
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yi-Feng Han
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Lian-Zhou Zheng
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ruo-Yu Di
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Chun-Yu Jiang
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jing-Bing Wang
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jian-Xiong You
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Li-Ming Zhang
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Li-Xin Su
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Xin-Dong Fan
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Shen Y, Wang D, Fan X, Zheng L, Su L, Yang X. Ethanol embolization of arteriovenous malformations in the buttock: ten-year experiences in diagnoses and treatment options. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:195. [PMID: 38741122 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03205-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinically, arteriovenous malformations in the buttocks (bAVMs) are extremely rare. Our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ethanol embolotherapy in managing bAVMs. RESULTS A total of 32 patients with bAVMs (14 females and 18 males) from 2012 to 2021 were included in this study. All patients underwent complete clinical and imaging examinations. Further, the AVMs lesions were analyzed according to Schöbinger staging and Yakes classification. Each patient had undergone a multistage ethanol embolization. The amelioration of clinical symptoms and devascularization on angiography were evaluated at regular follow-ups. In the present cohort, the 11-20 age group had the most patients (15/32; 46.88%). A total of 124 embolization procedures were performed (average 3.88 procedures per patient), and the average dose of absolute ethanol was 18.96 mL per procedure. Thirteen patients with dominant draining veins underwent additional coil deployment before ethanol embolization (13/32; 40.63%). During follow-ups, clinical improvement was found in 23 of 27 who presented with a pulsating mass (85.19%), 17 of 20 with abnormal local skin temperature (85%), 5 of 6 with bleeding (83.33%), and 5 of 5 patients treated for pain (100%). More than 75% angiographic devascularization was achieved in 18 patients (18/32; 56.25%). Finally, 12 out of 13 patients (92.31%) reduced from Schöbinger Stage III to a lower grade, and ten patients exhibited a complete response (10/32; 31.23%). There was a single serious complication of local necrosis, while neither paranesthesia nor infection was observed postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS Ethanol embolization assisted with coils can treat bAVMs effectively and safely. The Yakes classification contributed to the optimal ethanol embolotherapy of bAVMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Shen
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhi Zao Ju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Deming Wang
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhi Zao Ju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xindong Fan
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhi Zao Ju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Lianzhou Zheng
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhi Zao Ju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Lixin Su
- Fengcheng Hospital of Feng Xian District, Fengcheng Branch, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201413, China.
| | - Xitao Yang
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhi Zao Ju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Alghamdi AM, Alboqami RA, Ateeq OH, Aljohani S, Ahmed ME, Samkari A, Kutub H. Combined Preoperative Endovascular Embolization and Surgical Excision for Scalp Arteriovenous Malformations: A Systematic Review and Case Illustration. World Neurosurg 2024; 185:234-244. [PMID: 38428811 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.02.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of the combined approach of preoperative endovascular embolization (EE) and surgical excision (SE) for scalp arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and present an illustrative case report. METHODS A systematic review was conducted using online databases (PubMed/Medline, Cochrane, and Embase) on February 15, 2023. The inclusion criteria were any type of study of patients with scalp AVMs who were diagnosed and confirmed through angiography and treated with combined preoperative EE and SE. All the articles that met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. RESULTS A total of 49 articles (91 patients) were included. The patients' age ranged from 10 days to 70 years at the time of presentation. The most common symptoms were a pulsatile mass in 51 patients (56.04%), progressively growing mass in 31 patients (34.06%), and bruits and/or thrills in 22 patients (24.17%). Complications of preoperative EE and SE were observed in only 5 patients; 3 patients (3.29%) had harvested skin graft marginal necrosis, 1 patient (1.09%) had skin necrosis, and 1 patient (1.09%) had a wound infection. Only 2 patients (2.19%) reported a recurrent or residual mass during a median follow-up period of 12 months. CONCLUSIONS The management of scalp AVMs can be challenging; therefore, focused, and accurate identification of the complexity of the vascular anatomy is required. The combined method of preoperative EE and SE showed satisfactory outcomes with low rates of complications and recurrence; thus, we recommend this approach for the management of scalp AVMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz M Alghamdi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Razan Ayed Alboqami
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Orjwan Hashem Ateeq
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Aljohani
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ejaz Ahmed
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Imaging, King Abdullah Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Samkari
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussam Kutub
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Neurosurgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Zhang C, Wang Q, Li C, Li Z. A case of brain arteriovenous malformation treated by high-pressure cooker technique assisted with anhydrous alcohol embolization: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36272. [PMID: 38115377 PMCID: PMC10727536 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVMs) are a relatively rare but very dangerous developmental abnormality of the blood vessels. Intracranial hemorrhage is the most common clinical manifestation of BAVMs, and has a high rate of rebleeding, disability, and mortality, which has a serious impact on patients' quality of life and working ability. Endovascular intervention was a new technique that emerged in recent years. Anhydrous ethanol embolization has been used with satisfactory results in the treatment of peripheral arteriovenous malformations, but there is a lack of practice in the treatment of BAVMs. We tried to treat BAVMs by embolizing malformed vessels with anhydrous alcohol in order to provide a safe and effective treatment for more patients with BAVMs. PATIENT CONCERNS The patient was admitted to our hospital in the emergency department with "sudden onset of headache for more than 4 hours." At the time of admission, the patient was clearly conscious, not mentally alert, spoke fluently, and had a normal level of orientations. The direct and indirect responses to light were blunted. The patient's muscle strength, muscle tone, and sensation of the extremities were normal. National Institute of Health stroke scale score was 1. Head computed tomography at the onset suggested a right occipital hemorrhage and hematoma formation. DIAGNOSES Brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVMs) were suspected based on preoperative imaging findings. INTERVENTIONS After obtaining the consent of the patient and their family members, we performed whole brain angiography to determine the location of the lesion, and then, with the help of high-pressure cooker technology, targeted embolization of interventional BAVM was performed. The high-pressure cooker technology was achieved through spring coils, and the embolic material was anhydrous ethanol. OUTCOMES The surgery was successful, and the patient recovered well without recurrence. LESSON The successful performance of this surgery illustrates the feasibility of anhydrous ethanol-targeted ablation for BAVMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Qingbo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Zefu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Shandong, China
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Zhou J, Hua C, Yang X, Jia H, Yu W, Jin Y, Lin X. Ethanol Embolotherapy for Cutaneous Erythema of High-Flow Vascular Malformations in the Head and Neck. Dermatol Surg 2023; 49:1017-1022. [PMID: 37669082 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000003923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous erythema is one of the most common signs of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in the head and neck region, influencing aesthetic appearance. Surgical resection of AVMs may lead to cicatrization of the skin or aggravation of the lesion. Laser treatment, although effective in improving superficial vascular lesions, cannot prevent deep AVMs from further development. OBJECTIVE The authors propose an absolute ethanol embolization therapy that can effectively and safely eradicate the nidus with a favorable aesthetic outcome. METHODS The authors conducted a retrospective observational study of 14 AVM patients with distinct cutaneous erythema in the head and neck region undergoing embolotherapy in a single primary care center. Symptoms before and after treatment, complications, and degree of devascularization were recorded and assessed. Changes in cutaneous redness were evaluated using a previously reported quantitative measurement. RESULTS Complete symptomatic relief was observed in 5 patients, and major improvement was observed in 9 patients. The mean Δ a * value of the color change had a significant reduction of 6.50 ± 4.04, p < .001, indicating a remarkable remission of cutaneous erythema. CONCLUSION Ethanol embolization is an effective and safe treatment for head and neck AVMs with excellent aesthetic outcomes and might become a potential treatment method for other superficial vascular anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Chen Hua
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Hechen Jia
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wenxin Yu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yunbo Jin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xiaoxi Lin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
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Shen Y, Su L, Wang D, Fan X. Overview of peripheral arteriovenous malformations: From diagnosis to treatment methods. J Interv Med 2023; 6:170-175. [PMID: 38312130 PMCID: PMC10831390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jimed.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Based on the latest classification by the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies in 2018, vascular malformations (VMs) can be categorized into simple, combined VMs of major named vessels, and VMs associated with other anomalies. Simple VMs include lymphatic, venous, capillary, and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). AVMs represent disorders of direct arteriovenous shunts caused by the absence of a capillary bed between the involved arteries and veins. This abnormal vascular communication causes arterial blood to accumulate in the venous vessels, thus resulting in venous hypertension and characteristic clinical manifestations, such as pulsation, tremors, and elevated temperature. AVMs can occur sporadically or as manifestations of syndromic lesions and are considered among the most complex and challenging VMs. The diagnosis and treatment of AVMs can vary depending on the lesion location and associated clinical symptoms, thus complicating their management. Herein, we discuss peripheral AVMs in terms of their clinical manifestations, imaging examinations, and staging systems to provide a comprehensive reference for the treatment, evaluation methods, and follow-up procedures for this vascular anomaly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Deming Wang
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhi Zao Ju Rd, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Xindong Fan
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhi Zao Ju Rd, 200011, Shanghai, China
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Shen Y, Wang D, Wen M, Su L, Fan X, Yang X. Angiographic Types of Palpebral Arteriovenous Malformations and Relevant Therapeutic Options Based on Ethanol Embolization: A Multicenter Study. J Endovasc Ther 2023:15266028231201534. [PMID: 37750474 DOI: 10.1177/15266028231201534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present work aimed to determine the different angio-architectural types of palpebral arteriovenous malformations (pAVMs) and appropriate ethanol embolotherapy for each type. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a multi-center comparative effectiveness research retrospectively conducted from November 2012 to October 2021. A total of 70 patients with pAVMs were included, which was classified into cystic pAVMs (n=29) and diffuse pAVMs (n=41) based on the angio-architecture. Of the included patients, 17 with cystic pAVMs and 13 with diffuse pAVMs underwent ethanol embolization combined with coils (CE). The remaining participants underwent no-coil ethanol embolization (NCE). Participants had undergone 60 months of follow-up. Normality of data was tested by the D'Agostino and Pearson test. Correlation was tested by the Pearson χ2 test. Deterioration-free survival (DFS) rate was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Multivariate Cox regression models included variables that were significant at a p value<0.05 in the univariate analysis to screen the prognostic factor. RESULTS The local symptoms of pAVMs, including pulsation, warmth, red plaque, blepharoptosis, bleeding, and visual blurring, along with the devascularizational grade of angiography were recorded before and after the respective procedures. Post-treatment complications were either evaluated at the 3-month routine follow-up or were self-reported by patients. Cystic pAVMs presented with significantly different clinical and angiographic features compared with diffuse pAVMs. With CE, patients with cystic pAVMs obtained a higher devascularizational grade (p<0.0001) and better clinical outcomes (p=0.0009) than those with diffuse pAVMs. Contrarily, with NCE, patients with diffuse pAVM had better outcomes than those with cystic pAVMs (p=0.0248). Moreover, the overall DFS rate was higher in patients with cystic pAVMs (p=0.0006). Finally, the angio-architecture of pAVMs was found to independently influence its prognosis (p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS In pAVMs, the angio-architectural type was associated with the relative prognostic status. Ethanol embolization combined with coils was an effective method to treat cystic pAVMs, whereas NCE was more suitable for the diffuse type, further emphasizing the importance of a type-based therapeutic strategy for pAVMs. CLINICAL IMPACT Palpebral arteriovenous malformations (pAVMs) are rare and tricky in clinical practices. The present study has divided the pAVMs into cystic and diffuse types according to their angiographic characteristics. Ethanol embolization with (CE) or without coils (NCE) was performed on both types. CE was suitable for cystic pAVMs; whereas NCE was a better choice for diffuse pAVMs. The five-year survival analyses provided evidence of the safety and efficacy of ethanol application in pAVMs. Finally, our work demonstrated that both the short- and long-term clinical outcomes of diffuse pAVMs were poor compared to those of cystic pAVM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Shen
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deming Wang
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingzhe Wen
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixin Su
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xindong Fan
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xitao Yang
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Inhibition of angiotensin II type 1 receptor partially prevents acute elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure induced by endovascular ethanol injection. Hypertens Res 2022; 46:972-983. [PMID: 36539462 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01132-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine whether the administration of losartan can prevent acute elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure (AEPAP) induced by endovascular ethanol injection and to assess its related mechanisms. Male swine were selected and performed with absolute ethanol endovascular injection. Saline was used as the negative control. Losartan was administered preoperatively. Pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), femoral arterial pressure (FAP) and heart rate (HR) were monitored during operations. Venous plasma and pulmonary artery (PA) tissue were harvested for analyses. Protein level was detected by Western blotting and ELISA, whereas qRT-PCR was used in mRNA detection. H & E staining and immunohistochemistry were conducted to evaluate histopathology. Ethanol injection elevated PAP in swine. The concentration of RAS ligands was elevated in plasma (all P < 0.0001) but not in PA. The level of oxidative stress increased in both plasma and PA. MRNA level of AT1R (P < 0.01, 95% CI: 0.251-1.006), not AT2R increased in PA. Losartan failed to inhibit AEPAP after all sessions of ethanol injection, and partially reversed the ethanol-induced PA remodeling. The P38 MAPK was activated after ethanol injection and could be inhibited by losartan (P < 0.01, 95% CI: -0.391 to -0.164). Ethanol also promoted the translocation of the P40-PHOX/P47-PHOX/P67-PHOX complex and the activation of NOX, which was independent from RAS. Endovascular ethanol injection can induce AEPAP mainly by activating RAS and P38 MAPK signaling. Losartan can partially prevent AEPAP and vascular remodeling owing to the promotion of NOX activity by ethanol. Mechanism diagram of endovascular ethanol injection-induced acute elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure (AEPAP) partially prevented by losartan. RAS: Renin-angiotensin system; AGT: angiotensinogen; Ang I: angiotensin I; ACE: angiotensin I converting enzyme; Ang II: angiotensin II. AT1R: angiotensin II type 1 receptor. NOX2: NADPH oxidase 2. PA: pulmonary artery.
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Lilje D, Wiesmann M, Hasan D, Ridwan H, Hölzle F, Nikoubashman O. Interventional embolization combined with surgical resection for treatment of extracranial AVM of the head and neck: A monocentric retrospective analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273018. [PMID: 36048777 PMCID: PMC9436082 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy and feasibility of treating patients with extracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVM) of the head and neck with interventional embolization followed by surgical resection. Methods We reviewed the charts of all patients between 2012 and 2021 with extracranial AVM of the head and neck scheduled for interdisciplinary treatment according to University Hospital RWTH Aachen’s protocol and conducted standardized interviews using a newly developed questionnaire. Interview results, as well as clinical examination and radiographic outcome results were analyzed to help determine the efficacy of our treatment approach. Results We included 10 patients (8 female, 2 male), with a mean age of 33.5 (11–61) years who were scheduled for treatment of the AVM with interventional embolization followed by surgical resection. In 6 of the 10 patients (60%) the lesion was located in extracranial soft tissue only. In one patient (10%), the lesion was located in bone tissue only. A combined intraosseous and oral soft tissue lesion was seen in the remaining 3 patients (30%). Radiographic resolution was achieved in 62.5% of cases and a significant decrease of symptoms was identified (p = 0.002). None of the patients reported dissatisfaction and no major complications occurred. Conclusion An interdisciplinary treatment approach combining neuroradiological interventions with surgical resection appears to be an effective treatment with an acceptable complication rate. Patients treated according to our protocol showed a high satisfaction rate, regardless of the radiographic outcome. Standardized follow-up allows for early detection of recurrences and helps with subjective patient satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lilje
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Wiesmann
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Dimah Hasan
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Hani Ridwan
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank Hölzle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Omid Nikoubashman
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Shi Y, Liu P, Liu Y, Quan K, Li P, Li Z, Zhu W, Tian Y. Case report: Endovascular treatment of two scalp arteriovenous malformation cases via direct percutaneous catheterization: A case series. Front Neurol 2022; 13:945961. [PMID: 35959410 PMCID: PMC9358026 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.945961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Scalp arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are rare vascular malformations reported only in small case series. Scalp AVMs usually present with symptoms, including headache, tinnitus, epilepsy, cerebral ischemia, and necrosis of the scalp, which can cause functional, cosmetic, and psychological problems. There are many difficulties in the treatment of scalp AVM because of its complex characteristics of vascular anatomy, non-uniform structure, and intracranial-extracranial anastomosis. Case description To illustrate the endovascular treatment of scalp AVM via direct percutaneous puncture while traditional arterial and venous approaches were not available. In this report, access was obtained through a direct puncture of the enlarged frontal vein. Onyx-18 was injected through a microcatheter to occlude draining veins, fistulous connection, and the feeders. An 18-gauge indwelling needle was inserted into draining veins directly. Postembolization angiography demonstrated complete sAVM occlusion immediately and no non-targeted embolization. At a 1-year follow-up, no procedure-related complications and evidence of recurrence were observed. Conclusion The technique of endovascular embolization via direct percutaneous puncture approach is safe, rapid, and effective for specific sAVM. Treatment options should be made in terms of size, vascular anatomical characteristics of the lesions, patient's preference, cosmetic factors, and available expertise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Peixi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingtao Liu
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Quan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiliang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongze Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanlong Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yanlong Tian
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Lilje D, Wiesmann M, Hasan D, Riabikin A, Ridwan H, Hölzle F, Nikoubashman O. Interventional therapy of extracranial arteriovenous malformations of the head and neck—A systematic review. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268809. [PMID: 35839171 PMCID: PMC9286278 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The primary aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of the literature on interventional treatment for patients with extracranial AVM of the head and neck to identify a superior treatment. The secondary aim was to evaluate the methodological quality of associated articles published between 2000–2020. Methods The literature search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and scholar.google.com. Studies, meeting the acceptable reference standard underwent meta-analysis. All identified literature underwent methodological quality analysis. Results Of 1560 screened articles, 56 were included in the literature review. Appropriate diagnostic tests were reported in 98% of included articles. 13% of included articles did not specify the embolization agent. Outcome analysis varied throughout. 45% of the authors used radiographic imaging for follow-up. 77% specified the span of follow-up of their entire patient collective. Two articles met the inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. Curing rate of transarterial ethanol embolization for intraosseous AVM was 83% with a complication rate of 58%. Curing rate of ethanol combined with NBCA or Onyx in soft tissue AVM was 18% with a complication rate of 87%. Conclusion Our literature review revealed an absence of treatment or reporting standards for extracranial AVM of the head and neck. The meta-analysis is comprised of two articles and methodological quality is heterogeneous. We recommend implementing consistent reporting standards to facilitate comparability of studies and to provide robust data for the development of an evidence-based treatment strategy. Advances in knowledge Meta-analysis showed a favorable radiological outcome for intraosseous AVM when treated with intraarterial ethanol embolization. Our analysis demonstrated that the published data on extracranial AVMs of the head and neck is lacking in consistency and quality, prompting agreement for the need of standardized reporting on AVM treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lilje
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Wiesmann
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Dimah Hasan
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexander Riabikin
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Hani Ridwan
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank Hölzle
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Omid Nikoubashman
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Su LX, Li XY, Zhao ZJ, Shao YH, Fan XD, Wen MZ, Yang XT. Absolute Ethanol Embolization of Lip Arteriovenous Malformations: Observational Results from 10 Years of Experience. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021; 33:42-48.e4. [PMID: 34547475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ethanol embolization of lip arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-six patients with lip AVMs were treated with 173 ethanol embolization procedures. Lip AVMs were treated with direct puncture alone in 21 patients (35 procedures, 20.2%), transarterial embolization alone in 13 patients (18 procedures, 10.4 %), and a combination of both in 60 patients (120 procedures, 69.3%). Adjunctive surgical resection was performed after embolization for cosmetic purposes based on the patient's request, including patient preference, functional impairment, and skin necrosis. The mean duration of follow-up was 30.9 months ± 27.6. The follow-up included clinic visits and telephonic questionnaires to evaluate the clinical signs and symptoms of AVMs as well as quality of life measures. RESULTS Of 76 patients, 51 showed 100% devascularization of AVMs, as determined using arteriography, followed by 23 with 76%-99% devascularization and 2 with 50%-75% devascularization. Of the 76 patients, 40 achieved complete symptom relief and 25 achieved major improvements in cosmetic deformity after embolization. Additionally, 54 patients achieved satisfactory function and aesthetic improvement with ethanol embolotherapy alone, whereas 22 achieved similar outcomes with a combination of ethanol embolotherapy and surgical intervention. Thirty-three adverse events (including 1 major) were documented. CONCLUSIONS Ethanol embolization of lip AVMs, as a mainstay, is efficacious in managing these lesions, with acceptable complications. Surgical resection after embolization may improve function and cosmesis in a subset of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xin Su
- Department of Interventional Radiotherapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Yu Li
- Department of Interventional Radiotherapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiotherapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Hao Shao
- Department of Interventional Radiotherapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Dong Fan
- Department of Interventional Radiotherapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-Zhe Wen
- Department of Interventional Radiotherapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi-Tao Yang
- Department of Interventional Radiotherapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Ung TH, Delcont MR, Colakoglu S, Seinfeld J, French B, Wilkinson CC. Reconstruction of Complex Scalp Defect After Cirsoid Aneurysm Resection: A Multidisciplinary Approach. World Neurosurg 2020; 143:190-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.07.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Stillo F, Ruggiero F, De Fiores A, Compagna R, Amato B. Hybrid treatment of fibroadipose vascular anomaly: A case report. Open Med (Wars) 2020; 15:890-897. [PMID: 33336046 PMCID: PMC7712411 DOI: 10.1515/med-2020-0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background First identified in 2014, fibroadipose vascular anomaly (FAVA) is a very rare type of venous and lymphatic malformation. Marked by tough fibrofatty tissue in the extremities overtaking portions of the muscles, it is associated with constant pain and contracture of the affected extremity. There is a paucity of literature, and no guidelines on treatment procedure are available. This case highlights the role of hybrid treatment with primary ethanol percutaneous ethanol embolization and additional surgery for radicality in excision of FAVA lesions. Case summary A 9-year-old girl with FAVA underwent the hybrid treatment. The achievements of complete excision, clinical response, and patient satisfaction in long-term follow-up were assessed. Following the hybrid treatment, the patient experienced significant improvement in pain. Concurrent symptoms of physical limitation, leg swelling, and skin hyperesthesia also improved. The clinical benefit, supported by postoperative physiotherapy, was well stabilized at 6-month follow-up, resulting in complete patient satisfaction at 12- and 36-month follow-ups. No major complications were encountered. Conclusion Ethanol embolization plus surgery is a safe, effective, and long-term hybrid treatment of symptomatic FAVA lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Stillo
- Vascular Malformation Unit, Department of Surgery, Istituto, Clinica Guarnieri, Via Tor de’ Schiavi, 139, 00172, Rome (RM), Italy
| | - Federica Ruggiero
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Vascular Surgery Unit, University of Rome La Sapienza, Via di Grottarossa 1035/1039, 00189Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio De Fiores
- Vascular Malformation Unit, Department of Surgery, Istituto, Clinica Guarnieri, Via Tor de’ Schiavi, 139, 00172, Rome (RM), Italy
| | - Rita Compagna
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, via Sergio Pansini, 5 – 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Bruno Amato
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, via Sergio Pansini, 5 – 80131, Naples, Italy
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Albuquerque Sousa LH, Maranha Gatto LA, Demartini Junior Z, Koppe GL. Scalp Cirsoid Aneurysm: An Updated Systematic Literature Review and an Illustrative Case Report. World Neurosurg 2018; 119:416-427. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.08.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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