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Long M, Li Y, He H, Gu N. The Story of Ferumoxytol: Synthesis Production, Current Clinical Applications, and Therapeutic Potential. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302773. [PMID: 37931150 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Ferumoxytol, approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2009, is one of the intravenous iron oxide nanoparticles authorized for the treatment of iron deficiency in chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. With its exceptional magnetic properties, catalytic activity, and immune activity, as well as good biocompatibility and safety, ferumoxytol has gained significant recognition in various biomedical diagnoses and treatments. Unlike most existing reviews on this topic, this review primarily focuses on the recent clinical and preclinical advances of ferumoxytol in disease treatment, spanning anemia, cancer, infectious inflammatory diseases, regenerative medicine application, magnetic stimulation for neural modulation, etc. Additionally, the newly discovered mechanisms associated with the biological effects of ferumoxytol are discussed, including its magnetic, catalytic, and immunomodulatory properties. Finally, the summary and future prospects concerning the treatment and application of ferumoxytol-based nanotherapeutics are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Long
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biomedical Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biomedical Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Hongliang He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biomedical Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Ning Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biomedical Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
- Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, P. R. China
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Kim H, Choi B, Mouli SK, Choi H, Harris KR, Kulik LM, Lewandowski RJ, Kim DH. Preclinical Development and Validation of Translational Temperature Sensitive Iodized Oil Emulsion Mediated Transcatheter Arterial Chemo-Immuno-Embolization for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300906. [PMID: 37163283 PMCID: PMC10592544 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein a practical strategy for augmenting immune activation in transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is presented. Pluronic F127 (PF127) is incorporated with Lipiodol (LPD) to achieve safe and effective delivery of therapeutic agents during transcatheter intra-arterial (IA) local delivery. Enhanced emulsion stability, IA infusion, embolic effect, safety, pharmacokinetics, and tumor response of Doxorubicin loaded PF127-LPD (Dox-PF127-LPD) for TACE in both in vitro and in vivo preclinical VX2 liver cancer rabbit model and N1S1 HCC rat model are demonstrated. Then, transcatheter arterial chemo-immuno-embolization (TACIE) combining TACE and local delivery of immune adjuvant (TLR9 agonist CpG oligodeoxynucleotide) is successfully performed using CpG-loaded Dox-PF127-LPD. Concurrent and safe local delivery of CpG and TACE during TACIE demonstrate leveraged TACE-induced immunogenic tumor microenvironment and augment systemic anti-tumor immunity in syngeneic N1S1 HCC rat model. Finally, the broad utility and enhanced therapeutic efficacy of TACIE are validated in the diethylnitrosamine-induced rat HCC model. TACIE using clinically established protocols and materials shall be a convenient and powerful therapeutic approach that can be translated to patients with HCC. The robust anti-cancer immunity and tumor regression of TACIE, along with its favorable safety profile, indicate its potential as a novel localized combination immunotherapy for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heegon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Bongseo Choi
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Samdeep K. Mouli
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Hyunjun Choi
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Kathleen R. Harris
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Laura M. Kulik
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Robert J. Lewandowski
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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Pan L, Yu Z, Liang X, Yao J, Fu Y, He X, Ren X, Chen J, Li X, Lu M, Lan T. Sodium cholate ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by activation of FXR signaling. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e0039. [PMID: 36706173 PMCID: PMC9988322 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has become a major cause of liver transplantation and liver-associated death. The gut-liver axis is a potential therapy for NASH. Sodium cholate (SC) is a choleretic drug whose main component is bile acids and has anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and hepatoprotective effects. This study aimed to investigate whether SC exerts anti-NASH effects by the gut-liver axis. Mice were fed with an high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet for 20 weeks to induce NASH. Mice were daily intragastric administrated with SC since the 11th week after initiation of HFHC feeding. The toxic effects of SC on normal hepatocytes were determined by CCK8 assay. The lipid accumulation in hepatocytes was virtualized by Oil Red O staining. The mRNA levels of genes were determined by real-time quantitative PCR assay. SC alleviated hepatic injury, abnormal cholesterol synthesis, and hepatic steatosis and improved serum lipid profile in NASH mice. In addition, SC decreased HFHC-induced hepatic inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen deposition. The target protein-protein interaction network was established through Cytoscape software, and NR1H4 [farnesoid x receptor (FXR)] was identified as a potential target gene for SC treatment in NASH mice. SC-activated hepatic FXR and inhibited CYP7A1 expression to reduce the levels of bile acid. In addition, high-dose SC attenuated the abnormal expression of cancer markers in NASH mouse liver. Finally, SC significantly increased the expression of FXR and FGF15 in NASH mouse intestine. Taken together, SC ameliorates steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in NASH mice by activating hepatic and intestinal FXR signaling so as to suppress the levels of bile acid in NASH mouse liver and intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Pan
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ze Yu
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaolin Liang
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiyou Yao
- Department of HBP Surgery II, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanfang Fu
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu He
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoling Ren
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuejuan Li
- Shenzhen Children’s Hospital of China Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Minqiang Lu
- Department of HBP Surgery II, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Kim DH. Combination of interventional oncology local therapies and immunotherapy for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. JOURNAL OF LIVER CANCER 2022; 22:93-102. [PMID: 37383404 PMCID: PMC10035730 DOI: 10.17998/jlc.2022.03.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Interventional oncology (IO) local therapies of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can activate anti-cancer immunity and it is potentially leading to an anti-cancer immunity throughout the body. For the development of an effective HCC treatment regime, great emphasis has been dedicated to different IO local therapy mediated immune modulation and possible combinations with immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy. In this review paper, we summarize the status of combination of IO local therapy and immunotherapy, as well as the prospective role of therapeutic carriers and locally administered immunotherapy in advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Evanston, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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