1
|
Ferrelli ML, Salvador R. Effects of Mixed Baculovirus Infections in Biological Control: A Comprehensive Historical and Technical Analysis. Viruses 2023; 15:1838. [PMID: 37766245 PMCID: PMC10534452 DOI: 10.3390/v15091838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Baculoviruses are insect-specific DNA viruses that have been exploited as bioinsecticides for the control of agricultural and forest pests around the world. Mixed infections with two different baculoviruses have been found in nature, infecting the same host. They have been studied to understand the biology of virus interactions, their effects on susceptible insects, and their insecticidal implications. In this work, we summarize and analyze the in vivo baculovirus co-infections reported in the literature, mainly focusing on pest biocontrol applications. We discuss the most common terms used to describe the effects of mixed infections, such as synergism, neutralism, and antagonism, and how to determine them based on host mortality. Frequently, baculovirus co-infections found in nature are caused by a combination of a nucleopolyhedrovirus and a granulovirus. Studies performed with mixed infections indicated that viral dose, larval stage, or the presence of synergistic factors in baculovirus occlusion bodies are important for the type of virus interaction. We also enumerate and discuss technical aspects to take into account in studies on mixed infections, such as statistical procedures, quantification of viral inocula, the selection of instars, and molecular methodologies for an appropriate analysis of baculovirus interaction. Several experimental infections using two different baculoviruses demonstrated increased viral mortality or a synergistic effect on the target larvae compared to single infections. This can be exploited to improve the baculovirus-killing properties of commercial formulations. In this work, we offer a current overview of baculovirus interactions in vivo and discuss their potential applications in pest control strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Leticia Ferrelli
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM, UNLP-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ricardo Salvador
- Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola (IMyZA), Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Nicolás Repetto y de los Reseros s/n, Hurlingham 1686, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang H, Tong Y, Liu H, Guo L, Jin W, Li X, Meng Q, Yu X, Fang F, Qin Q, Yang M. Establishment of a rapid detection method for plutella xylostella granulovirus based on qPCR. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15170. [PMID: 37095984 PMCID: PMC10122022 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Plutella xylostella granulovirus (PlxyGV) biopesticide is an effective tool to control the long-term damage of Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) to cruciferous vegetables. In China, PlxyGV can be produced on a large scale using host insects, and its products have been registered in 2008. In experiments and biopesticide production, the routine enumeration method of PlxyGV virus particles is to use the Petroff-Hausser counting chamber in dark field microscope. However, the accuracy and repeatability of granulovirus (GV) counting are affected due to the small particle size of GV occlusion bodies (OBs), the limitations of optical microscope, the judgment of different operators, host impurities, the addition of biological products. This limits the convenience of its production, product quality, trading and field application. Here we use PlxyGV as an example, the method based on Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) was optimized from two aspects of sample treatment and specific primers design, which improved the repeatability and accuracy of absolute quantitative OBs of GV. This study provides basic information for accurate quantitative PlxyGV by qPCR method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Corresponding author. State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichenxilu 1-5, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Yan Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huifang Liu
- Hebei Professional College of Political Science and Law, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyi Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xupeng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fenfen Fang
- Henan Jiyuan Baiyun Industrial Co. LTD, Jiyuan, China
| | - Qilian Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Miaomiao Yang
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Shaanxi Preschool Normal University, Xian, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cuartas PE, Villamizar LF, Barrera GP, Ruiz JC, Campos JC, León-Martínez G, Gómez-Valderrama J. Novel biopesticide based on Erinnyis ello betabaculovirus: characterization and preliminary field evaluation to control Erinnyis ello in rubber plantations. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:1391-1399. [PMID: 30414258 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hornworn Erinnyis ello is the major pest of natural rubber crops in Colombia, mainly controlled using toxic chemical insecticides. The use of E. ello Betabaculovirus is an environmentally sustainable alternative for its control. The aim of the present work was to characterize a prototype biopesticide formulation and evaluate its efficacy under different conditions. RESULTS Quality control evaluations of formulated biopesticide revealed that all the parameters evaluated were under the permissible level. The lethal concentrations LC50 and LC90 of the biopesticide were 4.3 × 103 and 5.5 × 104 occlusion bodies (OBs) mL-1 , respectively. Biopesticide efficacies against second and fourth instar larvae under greenhouse conditions were higher than 80%. Evaluation of two application rates in a clonal garden resulted in 84% and 88% efficacy, comparable to that obtained with the chemical. The biopesticide in a commercial plantation showed efficacies between 74% and 82%. Biopesticide post-application persistence was estimated at least in 1 week under field natural conditions. Results allowed selection of the lowest evaluated dose (1 × 1011 OBs ha-1 ) as the basis for further field evaluations. CONCLUSION Formulated ErelGV showed high efficacy to control the hornworm in rubber crops and high potential to be included in integrated pest management programs, thus it could be an interesting alternative to replace agrochemicals. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola E Cuartas
- Departamento de Bioproductos, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - Agrosavia, Mosquera, Colombia
| | - Laura F Villamizar
- Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - Agrosavia, Mosquera, Colombia
- Forage Science, AgResearch Ltd. Lincoln Research Centre, New Zealand
| | - Gloria P Barrera
- Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - Agrosavia, Mosquera, Colombia
| | - Jenny C Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - Agrosavia, Mosquera, Colombia
| | - Juan C Campos
- Centro de Investigación La Libertad, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - Agrosavia, Puerto López, Colombia
| | - Guillermo León-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación La Libertad, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - Agrosavia, Puerto López, Colombia
| | - Juliana Gómez-Valderrama
- Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - Agrosavia, Mosquera, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Larem A, Ben-Tiba S, Wennmann JT, Gueli Alletti G, Jehle JA. Elucidating the genetic diversity of Phthorimaea operculella granulovirus (PhopGV). J Gen Virol 2019; 100:679-690. [PMID: 30794120 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Twelve complete genome sequences of Phthorimaea operculella granulovirus (PhopGV) isolates from four different continents (Africa, South America, Asia and Europe) were analysed after Illumina next-generation sequencing (NGS). The isolates have a circular double-stranded DNA genome that is 118 355 to 119 177 bp in length and all of them encode 130 open reading frames (ORFs). Analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) revealed a unique set of SNP positions for every tested isolate. The genome sequences of the investigated PhopGV isolates were classified into a new system of four (1-4) groups according to the presence of group-specific SNPs as well as insertions and deletions. These genome groups correlated with phylogenetic lineages inferred from minimum-evolution trees of the whole-genome consensus nucleotide sequences. All members of group 3 originated from the Mediterranean area, whereas the geographical origin and the group assignment did not correlate for isolates belonging to genome groups 1, 2 or 4. The high degree of coverage facilitated the determination of variant nucleotide frequencies. We conclude that the geographical isolates of PhopGV are genetically highly similar. On the other hand, they were rarely genetically homogenous and in most cases appeared to be mixtures of multiple genotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Larem
- Institute for Biological Control, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Julius Kühn Institute, Heinrichstraße 243, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Saoussen Ben-Tiba
- Institute for Biological Control, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Julius Kühn Institute, Heinrichstraße 243, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jörg T Wennmann
- Institute for Biological Control, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Julius Kühn Institute, Heinrichstraße 243, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Gianpiero Gueli Alletti
- Institute for Biological Control, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Julius Kühn Institute, Heinrichstraße 243, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Johannes A Jehle
- Institute for Biological Control, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Julius Kühn Institute, Heinrichstraße 243, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gueli Alletti G, Carstens EB, Weihrauch B, Jehle JA. Agrotis segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus but not Agrotis segetum granulovirus replicate in AiE1611T cell line of Agrotisipsilon. J Invertebr Pathol 2018; 151:7-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
6
|
Krejmer-Rabalska M, Rabalski L, Lobo de Souza M, Moore SD, Szewczyk B. New Method for Differentiation of Granuloviruses (Betabaculoviruses) Based on Multitemperature Single Stranded Conformational Polymorphism. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:ijms19010083. [PMID: 29283392 PMCID: PMC5796033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Baculoviruses have been used as biopesticides for decades. Recently, due to the excessive use of chemical pesticides there is a need for finding new agents that may be useful in biological protection. Sometimes few isolates or species are discovered in one host. In the past few years, many new baculovirus species have been isolated from environmental samples, thoroughly characterized and thanks to next generation sequencing methods their genomes are being deposited in the GenBank database. Next generation sequencing (NGS) methodology is the most certain way of detection, but it has many disadvantages. During our studies, we have developed a method based on Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by Multitemperature Single Stranded Conformational Polymorphism (MSSCP) which allows for distinguishing new granulovirus isolates in only a few hours and at low-cost. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis of betabaculoviruses, representative species have been chosen. The alignment of highly conserved genes—granulin and late expression factor-9, was performed and the degenerate primers were designed to amplify the most variable, short DNA fragments flanked with the most conserved sequences. Afterwards, products of PCR reaction were analysed by MSSCP technique. In our opinion, the proposed method may be used for screening of new isolates derived from environmental samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Krejmer-Rabalska
- Department of Recombinant Vaccines, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, 80-807 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Lukasz Rabalski
- Department of Recombinant Vaccines, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, 80-807 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Marlinda Lobo de Souza
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estacao Biológica, 70770-900 Brasilia, Brazil.
| | - Sean D Moore
- Citrus Research International (CRI), P.O. Box 20285, Humewood 6013, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
| | - Boguslaw Szewczyk
- Department of Recombinant Vaccines, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, 80-807 Gdansk, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gueli Alletti G, Eigenbrod M, Carstens EB, Kleespies RG, Jehle JA. The genome sequence of Agrotis segetum granulovirus, isolate AgseGV-DA, reveals a new Betabaculovirus species of a slow killing granulovirus. J Invertebr Pathol 2017; 146:58-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
8
|
Mortality of cutworm larvae is not enhanced by Agrotis segetum granulovirus and Agrotis segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus B coinfection relative to single infection by either virus. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 81:2893-9. [PMID: 25681187 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03726-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixed infections of insect larvae with different baculoviruses are occasionally found. They are of interest from an evolutionary as well as from a practical point of view when baculoviruses are applied as biocontrol agents. Here, we report mixed-infection studies of neonate larvae of the common cutworm, Agrotis segetum, with two baculoviruses, Agrotis segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus B (AgseNPV-B) and Agrotis segetum granulovirus (AgseGV). By applying quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis, coinfections of individual larvae were demonstrated, and occlusion body (OB) production within singly infected and coinfected larvae was determined in individual larvae. Mixtures of viruses did not lead to changes in mortality rates compared with rates of single-virus treatments, indicating an independent action within host larvae under our experimental conditions. AgseNPV-B-infected larvae showed an increase in OB production during 2 weeks of infection, whereas the number of AgseGV OBs did not change from the first week to the second week. Fewer OBs of both viruses were produced in coinfections than in singly infected larvae, suggesting a competition of the two viruses for larval resources. Hence, no functional or economic advantage could be inferred from larval mortality and OB production from mixed infections of A. segetum larvae with AgseNPV-B and AgseGV.
Collapse
|
9
|
Wennmann JT, Gueli Alletti G, Jehle JA. The genome sequence of Agrotis segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus B (AgseNPV-B) reveals a new baculovirus species within the Agrotis baculovirus complex. Virus Genes 2014; 50:260-76. [PMID: 25471493 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-014-1148-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The genome of Agrotis segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus B (AgseNPV-B) was completely sequenced and compared with whole genome sequences of the Agrotis segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus A (AgseNPV-A) and Agrotis ipsilon nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgipNPV). The AgseNPV-B genome is 148,981 bp in length and encodes 150 putative open reading frames. AgseNPV-B contains two copies of the gene viral enhancing factor (vef), making the Agrotis nucleopolyhedroviruses and A. segetum granulovirus (AgseGV) very rich in vef in comparison to other baculoviruses. Genome alignments of AgseNPV-B, AgseNPV-A and AgipNPV showed a very high genome co-linearity interspersed with variable regions, which are considered as putative sites of genomic recombination. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that all three viruses are distinct. However, AgseNPV-B is more closely related to AgipNPV suggesting that both viruses are at an early stage of phylogenetic divergence. It is proposed that AgseNPV-B belongs to a third Alphabaculovirus species of the Agrotis baculovirus complex. The Agrotis exclamationis nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgexNPV) shared high nucleotide sequence identities with AgseNPV-B, suggesting it is actually an AgseNPV-B isolate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jörg T Wennmann
- Institute for Biological Control, Julius Kühn Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Heinrichstr. 243, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ardisson-Araújo DMP, de Melo FL, Andrade MDS, Sihler W, Báo SN, Ribeiro BM, de Souza ML. Genome sequence of Erinnyis ello granulovirus (ErelGV), a natural cassava hornworm pesticide and the first sequenced sphingid-infecting betabaculovirus. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:856. [PMID: 25280947 PMCID: PMC4192325 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is the basic source for dietary energy of 500 million people in the world. In Brazil, Erinnyis ello ello (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) is a major pest of cassava crops and a bottleneck for its production. In the 1980s, a naturally occurring baculovirus was isolated from E. ello larva and successfully applied as a bio-pesticide in the field. Here, we described the structure, the complete genome sequence, and the phylogenetic relationships of the first sphingid-infecting betabaculovirus. Results The baculovirus isolated from the cassava hornworm cadavers is a betabaculovirus designated Erinnyis ello granulovirus (ErelGV). The 102,759 bp long genome has a G + C content of 38.7%. We found 130 putative ORFs coding for polypeptides of at least 50 amino acid residues. Only eight genes were found to be unique. ErelGV is closely related to ChocGV and PiraGV isolates. We did not find typical homologous regions and cathepsin and chitinase homologous genes are lacked. The presence of he65 and p43 homologous genes suggests horizontal gene transfer from Alphabaculovirus. Moreover, we found a nucleotide metabolism-related gene and two genes that could be acquired probably from Densovirus. Conclusions The ErelGV represents a new virus species from the genus Betabaculovirus and is the closest relative of ChocGV. It contains a dUTPase-like, a he65-like, p43-like genes, which are also found in several other alpha- and betabaculovirus genomes, and two Densovirus-related genes. Importantly, recombination events between insect viruses from unrelated families and genera might drive baculovirus genomic evolution. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-856) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bergmann Morais Ribeiro
- Cell Biology Department, Laboratory of Baculovirus, University of Brasília, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | | |
Collapse
|