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Moon SH, Na W, Shin S, Kim H, Noh JY, Jang SS, Kim MC, Lim HA, Kim HY, Mun DY, Yoon SW, Kim HK. Evidence for the circulation of genotype 4 Eurasian avian-like lineage swine H1N1 influenza A viruses on Korean swine farms, obtained using a newly developed one-step multiplex RT-qPCR assay. Arch Virol 2023; 168:267. [PMID: 37801138 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05887-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Genotype 4 (G4) Eurasian avian-like lineage swine H1N1 influenza A viruses, which are reassortants containing sequences from the pandemic 2009 H1N1 virus lineage, triple-reassortant-lineage internal genes, and EA-lineage external genes, have been reported in China since 2013. These have been predominant in pig populations since 2016 and have exhibited pandemic potential. In this study, we developed a one-step multiplex RT-qPCR assay targeting the M, HA1, and PB2 genes to detect G4 and related EA H1N1 viruses, with detection limits of 1.5 × 101 copies/μL and 1.15 × 10-2 ng/μL for the purified PCR products and RNA templates, respectively. The specificity of the detection method was confirmed using various influenza virus subtypes. When the one-step multiplex RT-qPCR assay was applied to swine respiratory samples collected between 2020 and 2022 in Korea, a virus related to G4 EA H1N1 strains was detected. Phylogenetic analysis based on portions of all eight genome segments showed that the positive sample contained HA, NA, PB2, NS, and NP genes closely related to those of G4 EA H1N1 viruses, confirming the ability of our assay to accurately detect G4 EA H1N1 viruses in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hyun Moon
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
| | - Woonsung Na
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Seongho Shin
- Optipharm Animal Disease Diagnostic Center, Cheongju, 28158, South Korea
| | - Hyunil Kim
- Optipharm, Inc., Cheongju, 28158, South Korea
| | - Ji Yeong Noh
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
| | - Seong Sik Jang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
| | - Min Chan Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
| | - Hyun A Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
| | - Ha Yeon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
| | - Da Young Mun
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
| | - Sun-Woo Yoon
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
- Department of Vaccine Biotechnology, Andong National University, Andong, 36729, South Korea.
| | - Hye Kwon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea.
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Loreck K, Mitrenga S, Meemken D, Heinze R, Reissig A, Mueller E, Ehricht R, Engemann C, Greiner M. Development of a miniaturized protein microarray as a new serological IgG screening test for zoonotic agents and production diseases in pigs. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217290. [PMID: 31116794 PMCID: PMC6530865 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to monitor the occurrence of zoonotic agents in pig herds as well as to improve herd health management, the development of new cost-effective diagnostic methods for pigs is necessary. In this study, a protein microarray-based assay for the simultaneous detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against different zoonotic agents and pathogens causing production diseases in pigs was developed. Therefore, antigens of ten different important swine pathogens (Toxoplasma gondii, Yersinia enterocolitica, Salmonella spp., Trichinella spp., Mycobacterium avium, Hepatitis E virus, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, Influenza A virus) were spotted and covalently immobilized as 'antigen-spots' on microarray chips in order to test pig serum for the occurrence of antibodies. Pig serum was sampled at three German abattoirs and ELISA tests for the different pathogens were conducted with the purpose of creating a panel of reference samples for microarray analysis. To evaluate the accuracy of the antigens on the microarray, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis using the ELISA test results as reference was performed for the different antigens. High area under curve values were achieved for the antigens of two zoonotic agents: Toxoplasma gondii (0.91), Yersinia enterocolitica (0.97) and for three production diseases: Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (0.77), Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (0.94) and the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (0.87). With the help of the newly developed microarray assay, collecting data on the occurrence of antibodies against zoonotic agents and production diseases in pig herds could be minimized to one measurement, resulting in an efficient screening test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Loreck
- Institute for Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sylvia Mitrenga
- Institute for Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Diana Meemken
- Institute of Food Safety and Food Hygiene, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Annett Reissig
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Department for Optical Molecular Diagnostics and Systems Technology, Jena, Germany
- InfectoGnostics Research Campus, Centre for Applied Research, Jena, Germany
| | - Elke Mueller
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Department for Optical Molecular Diagnostics and Systems Technology, Jena, Germany
- InfectoGnostics Research Campus, Centre for Applied Research, Jena, Germany
| | - Ralf Ehricht
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Department for Optical Molecular Diagnostics and Systems Technology, Jena, Germany
- InfectoGnostics Research Campus, Centre for Applied Research, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Greiner
- Institute for Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Exposure, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
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A TaqMan-probe-based multiplex real-time RT-qPCR for simultaneous detection of porcine enteric coronaviruses. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:4943-4952. [PMID: 31025076 PMCID: PMC7080015 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09835-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Swine enteric coronaviruses are a group of most significant pathogens causing diarrhea in piglets with similar clinical symptoms and pathological changes. To develop a simple, rapid, accurate, and high-throughput detection method for diagnosis and differential diagnosis on swine enteric coronaviruses, specific primers and probes were designed based on the highly conserved regions of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) N, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) M, porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) M, and porcine enteric alphacoronavirus (PEAV) N genes respectively. A TaqMan-probe-based multiplex real-time RT-qPCR assay was developed and optimized to simultaneously detect these swine enteric coronaviruses. The results showed that the limit of detection can reach as low as 10 copies in singular real-time RT-qPCR assays and 100 copies in multiplex real-time RT-qPCR assay, with all correlation coefficients (R2) at above 0.99, and the amplification efficiency at between 90 and 120%. This multiplex real-time RT-qPCR assay demonstrated high sensitivity, extreme specificity, and excellent repeatability. The multiplex real-time RT-qPCR assay was then employed to detect the swine enteric coronavirus from 354 field diarrheal samples. The results manifested that TGEV and PDCoV were the main pathogens in these samples, accompanied by co-infections. This well-established multiplex real-time RT-qPCR assay provided a rapid, efficient, specific, and sensitive tool for detection of swine enteric coronaviruses.
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Luo B, Wu S, Zou W, Zhang Z, Zhao M, Shi S, Liu Y, Xi X, Zeng Z, Liang W, Yan Z, Zhang L. Label-free immunoassay for porcine circovirus type 2 based on excessively tilted fiber grating modified with staphylococcal protein A. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 86:1054-1060. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.07.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Molecular Detection of Pseudorabies Virus (PrV), Porcine Parvovirus (PPV) and Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV2) in Swine in Republic of Montenegro. ACTA VET-BEOGRAD 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/acve-2016-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The presence of pseudorabies virus (PrV), porcine parvovirus (PPV) and porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) was examined in sixty samples (spleen and lymph nodes) and thirty samples of sacral ganglia collected from non-vaccinated swine by virus isolation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Using PCR method PrV was detected in three samples, PPV in seven samples and six samples were found positive for PCV2. The phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences of three PrV isolates identified in this study showed high similarity and significant clustering within the PrV genotype I strains such as Kaplan and Bartha isolated from pigs in Hungary, strain Becker isolated in USA and strain Kolchis isolated in Greece. The nucleotide sequences of two PPV isolates showed high level of similarity with the strain Challenge isolated from pigs in UK, strain Kresse isolated in USA and strains 77 and LZ isolated in China. The phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences of two PCV2 isolates showed high level of similarity and significant clustering within genotype PCV2b strains such as NIVS-3, NIVS-5 and NIVS-6 isolated in Serbia, strain 3959 isolated in Austria, strain PM165 isolated from pigs in Brasil, and strain XT2008 isolated in China. The results of our study present the molecular characterization of PrV, PPV and PCV2 identified in swine in Republic of Montenegro. Besides that, these results confirmed that PCR is a very useful method for rapid detection of these viruses in subclinically infected swine.
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Lung O, Ohene-Adjei S, Buchanan C, Joseph T, King R, Erickson A, Detmer S, Ambagala A. Multiplex PCR and Microarray for Detection of Swine Respiratory Pathogens. Transbound Emerg Dis 2015; 64:834-848. [PMID: 26662640 PMCID: PMC7169873 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) is one of the most important health concerns for pig producers and can involve multiple viral and bacterial pathogens. No simple, single‐reaction diagnostic test currently exists for the simultaneous detection of major pathogens commonly associated with PRDC. Furthermore, the detection of most of the bacterial pathogens implicated in PRDC currently requires time‐consuming culture‐based methods that can take several days to obtain results. In this study, a novel prototype automated microarray that integrates and automates all steps of post‐PCR microarray processing for the simultaneous detection and typing of eight bacteria and viruses commonly associated with PRDC is described along with associated multiplex reverse transcriptase PCR. The user‐friendly assay detected and differentiated between four viruses [porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), influenza A virus, porcine circovirus type 2, porcine respiratory corona virus], four bacteria (Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida, Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis, Streptococcus suis), and further differentiated between type 1 and type 2 PRRSV as well as toxigenic and non‐toxigenic P. multocida. The assay accurately identified and typed a panel of 34 strains representing the eight targeted pathogens and was negative when tested with 34 relevant and/or closely related non‐target bacterial and viral species. All targets were also identified singly or in combination in a panel of clinical lung samples and/or experimentally inoculated biological material.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Lung
- Lethbridge Laboratory, National Centres for Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - S Ohene-Adjei
- Lethbridge Laboratory, National Centres for Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - C Buchanan
- Lethbridge Laboratory, National Centres for Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - T Joseph
- Animal Health Centre, BC Ministry of Agriculture, Abbotsford, BC, Canada
| | - R King
- Animal Health and Assurance Division, Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - A Erickson
- Lethbridge Laboratory, National Centres for Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - S Detmer
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - A Ambagala
- Lethbridge Laboratory, National Centres for Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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Wu H, Rao P, Jiang Y, Opriessnig T, Yang Z. A sensitive multiplex real-time PCR panel for rapid diagnosis of viruses associated with porcine respiratory and reproductive disorders. Mol Cell Probes 2014; 28:264-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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