1
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Morisaki H. Hereditary Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections: Clinical Diagnosis and Genetic Testing. Ann Vasc Dis 2024; 17:128-134. [PMID: 38919319 PMCID: PMC11196176 DOI: 10.3400/avd.ra.24-00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Hereditary aortic aneurysms and dissections, such as Marfan syndrome, differ in that they occur in younger patients without generally recognized risk factors, have a predilection for the thoracic rather than the abdominal aorta, and are at risk for dissection even at smaller aortic diameters. Early diagnosis, careful follow-up, and early intervention, such as medication to reduce aortic root growth and prophylactic aortic replacement to prevent fatal aortic dissection, are essential for a better prognosis. Molecular genetic testing is extremely useful for early diagnosis. However, in actual clinical practice, the question often arises as to when and to which patient genetic testing should be offered since the outcome of the tests can have important implications for the patient and the relatives. Pre- and post-test genetic counseling is essential for early intervention to be effective. (This article is a secondary translation of Jpn J Vasc Surg 2023; 32: 261-267.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Morisaki
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sakakibara Heart Institute, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
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2
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Ogino H, Iida O, Akutsu K, Chiba Y, Hayashi H, Ishibashi-Ueda H, Kaji S, Kato M, Komori K, Matsuda H, Minatoya K, Morisaki H, Ohki T, Saiki Y, Shigematsu K, Shiiya N, Shimizu H, Azuma N, Higami H, Ichihashi S, Iwahashi T, Kamiya K, Katsumata T, Kawaharada N, Kinoshita Y, Matsumoto T, Miyamoto S, Morisaki T, Morota T, Nanto K, Nishibe T, Okada K, Orihashi K, Tazaki J, Toma M, Tsukube T, Uchida K, Ueda T, Usui A, Yamanaka K, Yamauchi H, Yoshioka K, Kimura T, Miyata T, Okita Y, Ono M, Ueda Y. JCS/JSCVS/JATS/JSVS 2020 Guideline on Diagnosis and Treatment of Aortic Aneurysm and Aortic Dissection. Circ J 2023; 87:1410-1621. [PMID: 37661428 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-22-0794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Ogino
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical University
| | - Osamu Iida
- Cardiovascular Center, Kansai Rosai Hospital
| | - Koichi Akutsu
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School Hospital
| | - Yoshiro Chiba
- Department of Cardiology, Mito Saiseikai General Hospital
| | | | | | - Shuichiro Kaji
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kansai Electric Power Hospital
| | - Masaaki Kato
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Morinomiya Hospital
| | - Kimihiro Komori
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hitoshi Matsuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Kenji Minatoya
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | | | - Takao Ohki
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine
| | - Yoshikatsu Saiki
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
| | - Kunihiro Shigematsu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital
| | - Norihiko Shiiya
- First Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
| | | | - Nobuyoshi Azuma
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University
| | - Hirooki Higami
- Department of Cardiology, Japanese Red Cross Otsu Hospital
| | | | - Toru Iwahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical University
| | - Kentaro Kamiya
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical University
| | - Takahiro Katsumata
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka Medical College
| | - Nobuyoshi Kawaharada
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | | | - Takuya Matsumoto
- Department of Vascular Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare
| | | | - Takayuki Morisaki
- Department of General Medicine, IMSUT Hospital, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo
| | - Tetsuro Morota
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nippon Medical School Hospital
| | | | - Toshiya Nishibe
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical University
| | - Kenji Okada
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Junichi Tazaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Masanao Toma
- Department of Cardiology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center
| | - Takuro Tsukube
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Kobe Hospital
| | - Keiji Uchida
- Cardiovascular Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center
| | - Tatsuo Ueda
- Department of Radiology, Nippon Medical School
| | - Akihiko Usui
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kazuo Yamanaka
- Cardiovascular Center, Nara Prefecture General Medical Center
| | - Haruo Yamauchi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital
| | | | - Takeshi Kimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | | | - Yutaka Okita
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Minoru Ono
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
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3
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Gyftopoulos A, Ziganshin BA, Elefteriades JA, Ochoa Chaar CI. Comparison of Genes Associated with Thoracic and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. AORTA (STAMFORD, CONN.) 2023; 11:125-134. [PMID: 37279787 PMCID: PMC10449569 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-57266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aneurysms impacting the ascending thoracic aorta and the abdominal aorta affect patient populations with distinct clinical characteristics. Through a literature review, this paper compares the genetic associations of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm (ATAA) with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Genes related to atherosclerosis, lipid metabolism, and tumor development are associated specifically with sporadic AAA, while genes controlling extracellular matrix (ECM) structure, ECM remodeling, and tumor growth factor β function are associated with both AAA and ATAA. Contractile element genes uniquely predispose to ATAA. Aside from known syndromic connective tissue disease and poly-aneurysmal syndromes (Marfan disease, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome), there is only limited genetic overlap between AAA and ATAA. The rapid advances in genotyping and bioinformatics will elucidate further the various pathways associated with the development of aneurysms affecting various parts of the aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bulat A. Ziganshin
- Aortic Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Cassius I. Ochoa Chaar
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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4
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Tejera-Muñoz A, Rodríguez I, Del Río-García Á, Mohamedi Y, Martín M, Chiminazzo V, Suárez-Álvarez B, López-Larrea C, Ruiz-Ortega M, Rodrigues-Díez RR. The CCN2 Polymorphism rs12526196 Is a Risk Factor for Ascending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315406. [PMID: 36499730 PMCID: PMC9740045 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular communication network factor 2 (CCN2/CTGF) has been traditionally described as a downstream mediator of other profibrotic factors including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and angiotensin II. However, recent evidence from our group demonstrated the direct role of CCN2 in maintaining aortic wall homeostasis and acute and lethal aortic aneurysm development induced by angiotensin II in the absence of CCN2 in mice. In order to translate these findings to humans, we evaluated the potential association between three polymorphisms in the CCN2 gene and the presence of a thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). Patients with and without TAA retrospectively selected were genotyped for rs6918698, rs9402373 and rs12526196 polymorphisms related to the CCN2 gene. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed. In our population of 366 patients (69 with TAA), no associations were found between rs6918698 and rs9402373 and TAA. However, the presence of one C allele from rs12526196 was associated with TAA comparing with the TT genotype, independently of risk factors such as sex, age, hypertension, type of valvulopathy and the presence of a bicuspid aortic valve (OR = 3.17; 95% CI = 1.30-7.88; p = 0.011). In conclusion, we demonstrated an association between the C allele of rs12526196 in the CCN2 gene and the presence of TAA. This study extrapolates to humans the relevance of CCN2 in aortic aneurysm observed in mice and postulates, for the first time, a potential protective role to CCN2 in aortic aneurysm pathology. Our results encourage future research to explore new variants in the CCN2 gene that could be predisposed to TAA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Tejera-Muñoz
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Av Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Research Support Unit, Hospital General Mancha Centro, 13600 Alcázar de San Juan, Spain
| | - Isabel Rodríguez
- Cardiac Pathology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Álvaro Del Río-García
- Cardiac Pathology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Yamina Mohamedi
- Cardiac Pathology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - María Martín
- Cardiac Pathology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Valentina Chiminazzo
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Platform, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Suárez-Álvarez
- Translational Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carlos López-Larrea
- Translational Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Av Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.R.-O.); (R.R.R.-D.)
| | - Raúl R. Rodrigues-Díez
- Translational Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.R.-O.); (R.R.R.-D.)
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5
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Reichheld SE, Muiznieks LD, Huynh Q, Wang N, Ing C, Miao M, Sitarz EE, Pomès R, Sharpe S, Keeley FW. The evolutionary background and functional consequences of the rs2071307 polymorphism in human tropoelastin. Biopolymers 2020; 112:e23414. [PMID: 33351193 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Elastin is a major polymeric protein of the extracellular matrix, providing critical properties of extensibility and elastic recoil. The rs2071307 genomic polymorphism, resulting in the substitution of a serine for a glycine residue in a VPG motif in tropoelastin, has an unusually high minor allele frequency in humans. A consequence of such allelic heterozygosity would be the presence of a heterogeneous elastin polymer in up to 50% of the population, a situation which appears to be unique to Homo sapiens. VPG motifs are extremely common in hydrophobic domains of tropoelastins and are the sites of transient β-turns that are essential for maintaining the conformational flexibility required for its function as an entropic elastomer. Earlier data demonstrated that single amino acid substitutions in tropoelastin can have functional consequences for polymeric elastin, particularly when present in mixed polymers. Here, using NMR and molecular dynamics approaches, we show the rs2071307 polymorphism reduces local propensity for β-turn formation, with a consequent increase in polypeptide hydration and an expansion of the conformational ensemble manifested as an increased hydrodynamic radius, radius of gyration and asphericity. Furthermore, this substitution affects functional properties of polymeric elastin, particularly in heterogeneous polymers mimicking allelic heterozygosity. We discuss whether such effects, together with the unusually high minor allele frequency of the polymorphism, could imply some some evolutionary advantage for the heterozygous state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean E Reichheld
- Molecular Medicine Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, USA
| | - Lisa D Muiznieks
- Molecular Medicine Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, USA.,Elvesys Microfluidics Innovation Center, 172 rue de Charonne, 75011, Paris, France
| | - Quang Huynh
- Molecular Medicine Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, USA
| | - Nick Wang
- Molecular Medicine Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, USA.,135 W 52nd St. Apt 20A, 10019-7691, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christopher Ing
- Molecular Medicine Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, USA.,ProteinQure, Suite 304, 119 Spadina Avenue, M5V2L1, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ming Miao
- Molecular Medicine Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, USA
| | - Eva E Sitarz
- Molecular Medicine Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, USA
| | - Régis Pomès
- Molecular Medicine Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simon Sharpe
- Molecular Medicine Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fred W Keeley
- Molecular Medicine Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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6
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Peterson JC, Wisse LJ, Wirokromo V, van Herwaarden T, Smits AM, Gittenberger-de Groot AC, Goumans MJTH, VanMunsteren JC, Jongbloed MRM, DeRuiter MC. Disturbed nitric oxide signalling gives rise to congenital bicuspid aortic valve and aortopathy. Dis Model Mech 2020; 13:dmm.044990. [PMID: 32801116 PMCID: PMC7541347 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.044990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with a congenital bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), a valve with two instead of three aortic leaflets, have an increased risk of developing thoracic aneurysms and aortic dissection. The mechanisms underlying BAV-associated aortopathy are poorly understood. This study examined BAV-associated aortopathy in Nos3−/− mice, a model with congenital BAV formation. A combination of histological examination and in vivo ultrasound imaging was used to investigate aortic dilation and dissections in Nos3−/− mice. Moreover, cell lineage analysis and single-cell RNA sequencing were used to observe the molecular anomalies within vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of Nos3−/− mice. Spontaneous aortic dissections were found in ascending aortas located at the sinotubular junction in ∼13% of Nos3−/− mice. Moreover, Nos3−/− mice were prone to developing aortic dilations in the proximal and distal ascending aorta during early adulthood. Lower volumes of elastic fibres were found within vessel walls of the ascending aortas of Nos3−/− mice, as well as incomplete coverage of the aortic inner media by neural crest cell (NCC)-derived VSMCs. VSMCs of Nos3−/− mice showed downregulation of 15 genes, of which seven were associated with aortic aneurysms and dissections in the human population. Elastin mRNA was most markedly downregulated, followed by fibulin-5 expression, both primary components of elastic fibres. This study demonstrates that, in addition to congenital BAV formation, disrupted endothelial-mediated nitric oxide (NO) signalling in Nos3−/− mice also causes aortic dilation and dissection, as a consequence of inhibited elastic fibre formation in VSMCs within the ascending aorta. Summary: Nitric oxide defects link bicuspid aortic valve formation and aortopathy through inhibition of elastic fibre formation in vascular smooth muscle cells within the ascending aorta of Nos3−/− mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua C Peterson
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lambertus J Wisse
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Valerie Wirokromo
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa van Herwaarden
- Department of Chemical Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anke M Smits
- Department of Chemical Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marie-José T H Goumans
- Department of Chemical Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J Conny VanMunsteren
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Monique R M Jongbloed
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marco C DeRuiter
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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7
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Type III collagen (COL3A1): Gene and protein structure, tissue distribution, and associated diseases. Gene 2019; 707:151-171. [PMID: 31075413 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Collagen alpha-1(III) chain, also known as the alpha 1 chain of type III collagen, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL3A1 gene. Three alpha 1 chains are required to form the type III collagen molecule which has a long triple-helical domain. Type III collagen, an extracellular matrix protein, is synthesized by cells as a pre-procollagen. It is found as a major structural component in hollow organs such as large blood vessels, uterus and bowel. Other functions of type III collagen include interaction with platelets in the blood clotting cascade and it is also an important signaling molecule in wound healing. Mutations in the COL3A1 gene cause the vascular type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (vEDS; OMIM 130050). It is the most serious form of EDS, since patients often die suddenly due to a rupture of large arteries. Inactivation of the murine Col3a1 gene leads to a shorter life span in homozygous mutant mice. The mice die prematurely from a rupture of major arteries mimicking the human vEDS phenotype. The biochemical and cellular effects of COL3A1 mutations have been studied extensively. Most of the glycine mutations lead to the synthesis of type III collagen with reduced thermal stability, which is more susceptible for proteinases. Intracellular accumulation of this normally secreted protein is also found. Ultrastructural analyses have demonstrated dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum and changes in the diameter of collagen fibers. Other clinical conditions associated with type III collagen are several types of fibroses in which increased amounts of type III collagen accumulate in the target organs.
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8
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Relationship of genetic factors with development of aortic dissection and aneurysm. TURK GOGUS KALP DAMAR CERRAHISI DERGISI-TURKISH JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2018; 26:557-564. [PMID: 32082797 DOI: 10.5606/tgkdc.dergisi.2018.16424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background This study aims to investigate the relationship between the development of aortic dissections and aneurysms with the polymorphisms of angiotensin converting enzyme gene, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene, and nitric oxide synthase gene. Methods Between April 2009 and July 2014, 38 patients with aortic dissections (28 males, 10 females; mean age 55.1±10.7 years; range, 30 to 78 years) and 67 patients with aortic aneurysms (57 males, 10 females; mean age 63.0±11.4 years; range, 31 to 82 years) were included in this cross-sectional study. The control group consisted of 60 healthy volunteers (41 males, 19 females; mean age 56.3±11.2 years; range, 30 to 82 years) without an aortic aneurysm or dissection, as assessed by thoracoabdominal computed tomography. The prespecified four genes were genotyped with competitive allelespecific polymerase chain reaction. Results The aortic dissection group had higher nitric oxide synthase-3 (4b/4b) expression levels, compared to the control group. The aortic aneurysm group had also higher nitric oxide synthase-3 (4b/4a) expression levels, compared to the control group. Compared to the control group, a higher rate of angiotensin converting enzyme I/D gene polymorphism was detected in the aneurysm group, while higher D/D polymorphism rates were found in the dissection group; although not statistically significant. Conclusion Our study results suggest that the nitric oxide synthase-3 intron 4b/4b and nitric oxide synthase-3 intron 4b/4a gene polymorphisms can be used as a predictor of aortic dissection and aneurysm development.
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9
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Carino D, Sarac TP, Ziganshin BA, Elefteriades JA. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Evolving Controversies and Uncertainties. Int J Angiol 2018; 27:58-80. [PMID: 29896039 PMCID: PMC5995687 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1657771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is defined as a permanent dilatation of the abdominal aorta that exceeds 3 cm. Most AAAs arise in the portion of abdominal aorta distal to the renal arteries and are defined as infrarenal. Most AAAs are totally asymptomatic until catastrophic rupture. The strongest predictor of AAA rupture is the diameter. Surgery is indicated to prevent rupture when the risk of rupture exceeds the risk of surgery. In this review, we aim to analyze this disease comprehensively, starting from an epidemiological perspective, exploring etiology and pathophysiology, and concluding with surgical controversies. We will pursue these goals by addressing eight specific questions regarding AAA: (1) Is the incidence of AAA increasing? (2) Are ultrasound screening programs for AAA effective? (3) What causes AAA: Genes versus environment? (4) Animal models: Are they really relevant? (5) What pathophysiology leads to AAA? (6) Indications for AAA surgery: Are surgeons over-eager to operate? (7) Elective AAA repair: Open or endovascular? (8) Emergency AAA repair: Open or endovascular?
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Carino
- Aortic Institute at Yale-New Haven, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Timur P. Sarac
- Section of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Bulat A. Ziganshin
- Aortic Institute at Yale-New Haven, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Surgical Diseases # 2, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | - John A. Elefteriades
- Aortic Institute at Yale-New Haven, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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10
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Makrygiannis G, Mourmoura E, Spanos K, Roussas N, Kuivaniemi H, Sakalihasan N, Tsezou A, Giannoukas A. Risk Factor Assessment in a Greek Cohort of Patients With Large Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. Angiology 2018; 70:35-40. [PMID: 29739236 DOI: 10.1177/0003319718774474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Environmental and genetic risk factors contribute to the etiology of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been associated with the pathophysiology of AAAs. A prospective, nonrandomized case-control study was undertaken to investigate the risk factors for large AAAs (≥5.5 cm) among 175 male Greek AAA patients and to compare the results with a cohort of 166 male controls free from any aortic dilatation, as confirmed by ultrasonography from an existing AAA screening program in the same region. We also assessed the potential association between 2 functional single nucleotide polymorphisms in the genes MMP9 (-1561C/T; rs3918242) and MMP13 (-77A/G; rs2252070), and the presence of large AAAs. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed AAA family history ( P = .028), hypercholesterolemia ( P < .001), and current smoking ( P < .001) as AAA risk factors. Statistical difference was reached in genotype ( P = .047) and allele ( P = .037) frequencies for rs2252070, but the results did not remain significant after correction for multiple testing. No significant differences in genotype or allele frequencies for rs3918242 were detected. In summary, AAA family history, hypercholesterolemia, and current smoking were found to be risk factors for large AAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Makrygiannis
- 1 Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Greece.,2 Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Evanthia Mourmoura
- 3 Department of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Nikolaos Roussas
- 1 Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Greece
| | - Helena Kuivaniemi
- 4 Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Natzi Sakalihasan
- 2 Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Aspasia Tsezou
- 3 Department of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.,5 Department of Biology, University of Thessaly, Faculty of Medicine, Larissa, Greece
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11
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Fiotti N, Calvagna C, Sgorlon G, Altamura N, Pitacco P, Zamolo F, Di Girolamo FG, Chiarandini S, Biolo G, Adovasio R. Multiple sites of vascular dilation or aneurysmal disease and matrix metalloproteinase genetic variants in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm. J Vasc Surg 2017; 67:1727-1735. [PMID: 29291905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess whether functional genetic polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 1, 3, 9, and 12 are associated with arterial enlargements or aneurysms of the thoracic aorta or popliteal arteries in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). METHODS The associations between MMP1 (-1607 G in/del, rs1799750), MMP3 (-1171 A in/del rs35068180), MMP9 (13-26 CA repeats around -90, rs2234681, rs917576, rs917577), and MMP12 (G/T missense variation, rs652438) polymorphisms and enlargements or aneurysms of the thoracic aorta and popliteal arteries were tested in 169 consecutive AAA patients. RESULTS Thoracic aorta enlargement or aneurysm (TE/A; maximum diameter, >35 mm) was detected in 34 patients (20.1% prevalence). MMP9 rs2234681 microsatellite was the only genetic determinant of TE/A in AAA patients (P = .003), followed by hypercholesterolemia and antiplatelet use. Carriers of both alleles with ≥22 CA repeats had a 5.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.9-18.6; P < .0001) increased odds of TE/A, and a score considering all three variables showed 98% negative predictive value and 30% positive predictive value for thoracic aortic aneurysm detection. Eighty-two popliteal artery enlargements or aneurysms (diameter >10 mm) occurred in 55 patients (33.1% prevalence). Carriers of MMP12 rs652438 C allele showed an 18% (P = .006) increased diameter in popliteal arteries and a 2.8 (95% confidence interval, 1.3-6; P = .008) increased odds of popliteal artery enlargement or aneurysm compared with TT genotype. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with AAA, carriers of homozygous ≥22 CA repeats in MMP9 rs12234681 and of C allele in MMP12 rs652438 have a substantial risk of carrying thoracic and popliteal enlargements, respectively.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Alleles
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/diagnosis
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/enzymology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/genetics
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/diagnosis
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/enzymology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/genetics
- Computed Tomography Angiography
- DNA/genetics
- Dilatation, Pathologic/diagnosis
- Dilatation, Pathologic/enzymology
- Dilatation, Pathologic/genetics
- Female
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Genetic Variation
- Genotype
- Humans
- Male
- Matrix Metalloproteinases/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinases/metabolism
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Popliteal Artery
- Risk Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Fiotti
- Unit of Clinica Medica, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Cristiano Calvagna
- Unit of Vascular Surgery, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giada Sgorlon
- Unit of Vascular Surgery, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Nicola Altamura
- Unit of Clinica Medica, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paola Pitacco
- Unit of Clinica Medica, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesca Zamolo
- Unit of Vascular Surgery, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Filippo Giorgio Di Girolamo
- Unit of Clinica Medica, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefano Chiarandini
- Unit of Vascular Surgery, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gianni Biolo
- Unit of Clinica Medica, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Roberto Adovasio
- Unit of Vascular Surgery, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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12
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Li T, Lv Z, Jing JJ, Yang J, Yuan Y. Matrix metalloproteinase family polymorphisms and the risk of aortic aneurysmal diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Genet 2017; 93:15-32. [PMID: 28485889 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) polymorphisms are associated with the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysmal diseases. In this study, we conducted a systematic review with an update meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between MMP family polymorphisms and aortic aneurysmal diseases. We systematically reviewed 24 polymorphisms in 8 MMP genes related to the risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), thoracic AA or thoracic aortic dissection (TAD). A total of 19 case-control studies with 15 highly studied MMP polymorphisms were included in our meta-analysis. Our results suggested that MMP2rs243865, MMP3rs3025058, MMP13rs2252070 polymorphisms were significantly associated with AAA risk, MMP2rs11643630, MMP8rs11225395 polymorphisms were correlated with TAD risk, and MMP9rs3918242 under the dominant model could increase AAA risk in hospital-based subgroup. No associations with aortic aneurysmal diseases were identified for other polymorphisms assessed in our meta-analysis. In summary, some studied MMP polymorphisms associated with the risk of aortic aneurysmal diseases are potential predictive biomarkers for the clinical application. Moreover, other MMP polymorphisms with limited studies but relevant to aortic aneurysmal formation and progression need further prospective and large investigations to confirm results.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Li
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Z Lv
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China
| | - J-J Jing
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China
| | - J Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Y Yuan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang, China
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Rabkin SW. The Role Matrix Metalloproteinases in the Production of Aortic Aneurysm. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2017; 147:239-265. [PMID: 28413030 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysm because the histology of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is characterized by the loss of smooth muscle cells in the aortic media and the destruction of extracellular matrix (ECM). Furthermore, AAA have evidence of inflammation and the cellular elements involved in inflammation such as macrophages can produce and/or activate MMPs This chapter focuses on human aortic aneurysm that are not due to specific known genetic causes because this type of aneurysm is the more common type. This chapter will also focus on MMP protein expression rather than on genetic data which may not necessarily translate to increased MMP protein expression. There are supporting data that certain MMPs are increased in the aortic wall. For TAA, it is most notably MMP-1, -9, -12, and -14 and MMP-2 when a bicuspid aortic valve is present. For AAA, it is MMP-1, -2, -3, -9, -12, and -13. The data are weaker or insufficient for the other MMPs. Several studies of gene polymorphisms support MMP-9 for TAA and MMP-3 for AAA as potentially important factors. The signaling pathways in the aorta that can lead to MMP activation include JNK, JAK/stat, osteopontin, and AMP-activated protein kinase alpha2. Substrates in the human vasculature for MMP-3, MMP-9, or MMP-14 include collagen, elastin, ECM glycoprotein, and proteoglycans. Confirmed and potential substrates for MMPs, maintain aortic size and function so that a reduction in their content relative to other components of the aortic wall may produce a failure to maintain aortic size leading to dilatation and aneurysm formation.
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14
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Genetic and Epigenetic Regulation of Aortic Aneurysms. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:7268521. [PMID: 28116311 PMCID: PMC5237727 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7268521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aneurysms are characterized by structural deterioration of the vascular wall leading to progressive dilatation and, potentially, rupture of the aorta. While aortic aneurysms often remain clinically silent, the morbidity and mortality associated with aneurysm expansion and rupture are considerable. Over 13,000 deaths annually in the United States are attributable to aortic aneurysm rupture with less than 1 in 3 persons with aortic aneurysm rupture surviving to surgical intervention. Environmental and epidemiologic risk factors including smoking, male gender, hypertension, older age, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and family history are highly associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms, while heritable genetic mutations are commonly associated with aneurysms of the thoracic aorta. Similar to other forms of cardiovascular disease, family history, genetic variation, and heritable mutations modify the risk of aortic aneurysm formation and provide mechanistic insight into the pathogenesis of human aortic aneurysms. This review will examine the relationship between heritable genetic and epigenetic influences on thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysm formation and rupture.
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15
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Di Gregoli K, Mohamad Anuar NN, Bianco R, White SJ, Newby AC, George SJ, Johnson JL. MicroRNA-181b Controls Atherosclerosis and Aneurysms Through Regulation of TIMP-3 and Elastin. Circ Res 2016; 120:49-65. [PMID: 27756793 PMCID: PMC5214094 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.309321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Rationale: Atherosclerosis and aneurysms are leading causes of mortality worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRs) are key determinants of gene and protein expression, and atypical miR expression has been associated with many cardiovascular diseases; although their contributory role to atherosclerotic plaque and abdominal aortic aneurysm stability are poorly understood. Objective: To investigate whether miR-181b regulates tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 expression and affects atherosclerosis and aneurysms. Methods and Results: Here, we demonstrate that miR-181b was overexpressed in symptomatic human atherosclerotic plaques and abdominal aortic aneurysms and correlated with decreased expression of predicted miR-181b targets, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3, and elastin. Using the well-characterized mouse atherosclerosis models of Apoe−/− and Ldlr−/−, we observed that in vivo administration of locked nucleic acid anti-miR-181b retarded both the development and the progression of atherosclerotic plaques. Systemic delivery of anti-miR-181b in angiotensin II–infused Apoe−/− and Ldlr−/− mice attenuated aneurysm formation and progression within the ascending, thoracic, and abdominal aorta. Moreover, miR-181b inhibition greatly increased elastin and collagen expression, promoting a fibrotic response and subsequent stabilization of existing plaques and aneurysms. We determined that miR-181b negatively regulates macrophage tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 expression and vascular smooth muscle cell elastin production, both important factors in maintaining atherosclerotic plaque and aneurysm stability. Validation studies in Timp3−/− mice confirmed that the beneficial effects afforded by miR-181b inhibition are largely tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 dependent, while also revealing an additional protective effect through elevating elastin synthesis. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the management of miR-181b and its target genes provides therapeutic potential for limiting the progression of atherosclerosis and aneurysms and protecting them from rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Di Gregoli
- From the Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, England
| | - Nur Najmi Mohamad Anuar
- From the Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, England
| | - Rosaria Bianco
- From the Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, England
| | - Stephen J White
- From the Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, England
| | - Andrew C Newby
- From the Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, England
| | - Sarah J George
- From the Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, England
| | - Jason L Johnson
- From the Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, England.
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16
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Bradley DT, Badger SA, McFarland M, Hughes AE. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Genetic Associations: Mostly False? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2015; 51:64-75. [PMID: 26460285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND Many associations between abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and genetic polymorphisms have been reported. It is unclear which are genuine and which may be caused by type 1 errors, biases, and flexible study design. The objectives of the study were to identify associations supported by current evidence and to investigate the effect of study design on reporting associations. METHODS Data sources were MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science. Reports were dual-reviewed for relevance and inclusion against predefined criteria (studies of genetic polymorphisms and AAA risk). Study characteristics and data were extracted using an agreed tool and reports assessed for quality. Heterogeneity was assessed using I(2) and fixed- and random-effects meta-analyses were conducted for variants that were reported at least twice, if any had reported an association. Strength of evidence was assessed using a standard guideline. RESULTS Searches identified 467 unique articles, of which 97 were included. Of 97 studies, 63 reported at least one association. Of 92 studies that conducted multiple tests, only 27% corrected their analyses. In total, 263 genes were investigated, and associations were reported in polymorphisms in 87 genes. Associations in CDKN2BAS, SORT1, LRP1, IL6R, MMP3, AGTR1, ACE, and APOA1 were supported by meta-analyses. CONCLUSION Uncorrected multiple testing and flexible study design (particularly testing many inheritance models and subgroups, and failure to check for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium) contributed to apparently false associations being reported. Heterogeneity, possibly due to the case mix, geographical, temporal, and environmental variation between different studies, was evident. Polymorphisms in nine genes had strong or moderate support on the basis of the literature at this time. Suggestions are made for improving AAA genetics study design and conduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Bradley
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Block B, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK.
| | - S A Badger
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M McFarland
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Pathology Building, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BL, UK
| | - A E Hughes
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Block B, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
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17
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Saratzis A, Bown MJ, Wild B, Nightingale P, Smith J, Johnson C, Melas N, Kitas GD. Association between seven single nucleotide polymorphisms involved in inflammation and proteolysis and abdominal aortic aneurysm. J Vasc Surg 2015; 61:1120-8.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2013.11.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Strauss E, Waliszewski K, Oszkinis G, Staniszewski R. Polymorphisms of genes involved in the hypoxia signaling pathway and the development of abdominal aortic aneurysms or large-artery atherosclerosis. J Vasc Surg 2015; 61:1105-13.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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19
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Tsai HT, Hsieh MJ, Chiou HL, Lee HL, Hsin MC, Liou YS, Yang CC, Yang SF, Kuo WH. TIMP-3 -1296 T>C and TIMP-4 -55 T>C gene polymorphisms play a role in the susceptibility of hepatocellular carcinoma among women. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:8999-9007. [PMID: 24903383 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2170-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate genetic impact of TIMP-3 -1296 T>C (rs9619311) and TIMP-4 -55 T>C (rs3755724) gene polymorphisms on the susceptibility and clinicopathological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A total of 759 subjects, including 530 healthy controls and 229 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, were recruited in this study. Allelic discrimination of TIMP-3 -1296 T>C (rs9619311) and TIMP-4 -55 T>C (rs3755724) polymorphisms was assessed with the ABI StepOne™ Real-Time PCR System. Among women group, individuals with TC or CC alleles of TIMP-3 -1296 T>C gene polymorphism protected against HCC (AOR = 0.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.12-0.97; p = 0.04) compared to individuals with TT alleles, after adjusting for other confounders. Also, women with TC alleles and with TC or CC alleles of TIMP-4 -55 T>C polymorphisms had a 2.52-fold risk (95%CI = 1.23-5.13; p = 0.01) and 2.47-fold risk (95%CI = 1.26-4.87; p = 0.008) of developing HCC compared to individuals with TT alleles, after adjusting for other confounders. There was no synergistic effect between gene polymorphism and environmental risk factors, including tobacco and alcohol consumptions and clinical statuses of HCC as well as serum expression of liver-related clinicopathological markers. In conclusion, gene polymorphisms of TIMP-3 -1296 T>C (rs9619311) and TIMP-4 -55 T>C (rs3755724) play a role in the susceptibility of HCC among Taiwan women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Ting Tsai
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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20
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Luizon MR, Palei ACT, Sandrim VC, Amaral LM, Machado JSR, Lacchini R, Cavalli RC, Duarte G, Tanus-Santos JE. Tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 polymorphism, plasma TIMP-1 levels, and antihypertensive therapy responsiveness in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2014; 14:535-41. [PMID: 24913092 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2014.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 is a major endogenous inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, which may affect the responsiveness to therapy in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. We examined whether TIMP-1 polymorphism (g.-9830T>G, rs2070584) modifies plasma MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels and the response to antihypertensive therapy in 596 pregnant: 206 patients with preeclampsia (PE), 183 patients with gestational hypertension (GH) and 207 healthy pregnant controls. We also studied the TIMP-3 polymorphism (g.-1296T>C, rs9619311). Plasma MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels were measured by ELISA. GH patients with the GG genotype for the TIMP-1 polymorphism had lower MMP-9 levels and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratios than those with the TT genotype. PE patients with the TG genotype had higher TIMP-1 levels. The G allele and the GG genotype were associated with PE and responsiveness to antihypertensive therapy in PE, but not in GH. Our results suggest that the TIMP-1 g.-9830T>G polymorphism not only promotes PE but also decreases the responses to antihypertensive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Luizon
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A C T Palei
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - V C Sandrim
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, UniversidadeEstadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - L M Amaral
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J S R Machado
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - R Lacchini
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - R C Cavalli
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - G Duarte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J E Tanus-Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Mittal B, Mishra A, Srivastava A, Kumar S, Garg N. Matrix metalloproteinases in coronary artery disease. Adv Clin Chem 2014; 64:1-72. [PMID: 24938016 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800263-6.00001-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are a family of zinc-containing endoproteinases that degrade extracellular matrix (ECM) components. MMP have important roles in the development, physiology and pathology of cardiovascular system. Metalloproteases also play key roles in adverse cardiovascular remodeling, atherosclerotic plaque formation and plaque instability, vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration and restenosis that lead to coronary artery disease (CAD), and progressive heart failure. The study of MMP in developing animal model cardiovascular systems has been helpful in deciphering numerous pathologic conditions in humans. Increased peripheral blood MMP-2 and MMP-9 in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) may be useful as noninvasive tests for detection of plaque vulnerability. MMP function can be modulated by certain pharmacological drugs that can be exploited for treatment of ACS. CAD is a polygenic disease and hundreds of genes contribute toward its predisposition. A large number of sequence variations in MMP genes have been identified. Case-control association studies have highlighted their potential association with CAD and its clinical manifestations. Although results thus far are inconsistent, meta-analysis has demonstrated that MMP-3 Glu45Lys and MMP-9 1562C/T gene polymorphisms were associated with CAD risk.
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Airhart N, Brownstein BH, Cobb JP, Schierding W, Arif B, Ennis TL, Thompson RW, Curci JA. Smooth muscle cells from abdominal aortic aneurysms are unique and can independently and synergistically degrade insoluble elastin. J Vasc Surg 2013; 60:1033-41; discussion 1041-2. [PMID: 24080131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2013.07.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to further elucidate the role of the vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) disease. We hypothesized that that AAA SMCs are unique and actively participate in the process of degrading the aortic matrix. METHODS Whole-genome expression profiles of SMCs from AAAs, nondilated abdominal aorta (NAA), and carotid endarterectomy (CEA) were compared. We quantified elastolytic activity by culturing SMCs in [(3)H]elastin-coated plates and measuring solubilized tritium in the media after 7 days. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 production was assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction, zymography, and Western blotting. RESULTS Each SMC type exhibited a unique gene expression pattern. AAA SMCs had greater elastolytic activity than NAA-SMCs (+68%; P < .001) and CEA-SMCs (+45%; P < .001). Zymography showed an increase of active MMP-2 (62 kD) in media from AAA SMCs. AAA SMCs demonstrated twofold greater expression of MMP-2 messenger (m)RNA (P < .05) and 7.3-fold greater MMP-9 expression (P < .01) than NAA-SMCs. Culture with U937 monocytes caused a synergistic increase of elastolysis by AAA SMCs (41%; P < .001) but not NAA-SMCs or CEA-SMCs (P = .99). Coculture with U937 caused a large increase in MMP-9 mRNA in AAA-SMCs and NAA-SMCs (P < .001). MMP-2 mRNA expression was not affected. Western blots of culture media showed a fourfold increase of MMP-9 (92 kD) protein only in AAA-SMCs/U937 but not in NAA-SMCs/U937 (P < .001) and a large increase in active-MMP2 (62 kD), which was less apparent in NAA-SMCs/U937 media (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS AAA-SMCs have a unique gene expression profile and a proelastolytic phenotype that is augmented by macrophages. This may occur by a failure of post-transcriptional control of MMP-9 synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Airhart
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo
| | - Bernard H Brownstein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo
| | - J Perren Cobb
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo
| | | | - Batool Arif
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo
| | - Terri L Ennis
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo
| | - Robert W Thompson
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo
| | - John A Curci
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo.
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Wang HX, Yang QD, Liu BQ, Zhang L, Ma MM, Hu ZY, Xia J, Xu HW, Du XP. TIMP-1 polymorphisms in a Chinese Han population with intracerebral hemorrhage. Int J Neurosci 2013; 124:61-7. [PMID: 23841813 DOI: 10.3109/00207454.2013.823604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM) and breakdown of blood-brain barrier (BBB) are crucial events in the pathogenesis of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), particularly MMP-9 and MMP-2, are the most important degrading enzymes in the ECM and BBB. These proteolytic effects are controlled predominantly by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). TIMP-1 is the main endogenous inhibitor of MMP-9. Two polymorphisms in the TIMP-1 gene (rs4898 and rs2070584) were selected through a literature review and successfully genotyped in a study sample of 410 ICH patients and 305 controls. Differences in genotype and allele frequencies of identified polymorphisms were determined. Furthermore, the serum levels of TIMP-1 were measured in a subgroup of 96 ICH patients on days 1 after ICH onset and 76 controls. Analyses showed that C allele of rs2070584 was significantly associated with the development of ICH in male subjects (p = 0.037, OR = 1.535, 95%CI 1.025-2.300). Multiple logistic regression analysis under three genetic models demonstrated both rs4898 and rs2070584 were not risk factors for ICH in female subjects. Furthermore, serum levels of TIMP-1 were significantly higher in ICH patients than those in normal controls. However, the serum levels of TIMP-1 showed a nonsignificant decrease, depending on the alleles and genotypes of rs2070584 both in male and female cases. In conclusion, this is the first association study of the TIMP-1 gene variants with ICH. Our data suggest that C allele of rs2070584 is a risk factor for ICH development in the Chinese male population. However, the precise function of this variant needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xing Wang
- 1Department of Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R .China
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Wieczorek E, Reszka E, Jablonowski Z, Jablonska E, Krol MB, Grzegorczyk A, Gromadzinska J, Sosnowski M, Wasowicz W. Genetic polymorphisms in matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of MPs (TIMPs), and bladder cancer susceptibility. BJU Int 2013; 112:1207-14. [PMID: 23819551 DOI: 10.1111/bju.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To elucidate genetic polymorphisms of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) MMP1 (rs1799750), MMP2 (rs243865), MMP9 (rs3918242), MMP12 (rs2276109) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) TIMP1 (rs2070584) and TIMP3 (rs9619311) genes that may be involved in susceptibility to bladder cancer (BC). PATIENTS AND METHODS We enrolled 241 patients with BC and 199 controls. Genomic DNA samples were extracted from peripheral blood and polymorphisms were analysed by high-resolution melting analysis and by real-time polymerase chain reaction using TaqMan fluorescent probes. RESULTS Of the six evaluated polymorphisms of MMPs and TIMPs, only one was found to be associated with BC risk. There was a significant difference for MMP1 (rs1799750) 2G/1G+1G/1G genotype (odds ratio [OR] 0.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.39-0.98; P = 0.042). Additionally, there was a joint effect of this genotype on BC risk among 'ever smokers' (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.28-0.89; P = 0.019), but not in 'never smokers'. The combined genotype MMP2 -1306C/T (rs243865) allele T with MMP9 -1562C/T (rs3918242) allele T was found to increase BC risk (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.10-3.62; P = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that genetic variations in five polymorphisms of MMPs and TIMPs are not associated with a high risk of BC. Only MMP1 polymorphism may be related to the risk of BC, notably in 'ever smokers'. Our study suggests that the effects of polymorphisms of MMPs and TIMPs on BC risk deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Wieczorek
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
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Morris DR, Biros E, Cronin O, Kuivaniemi H, Golledge J. The association of genetic variants of matrix metalloproteinases with abdominal aortic aneurysm: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Heart 2013; 100:295-302. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Lorente L, Martín M, Plasencia F, Solé-Violán J, Blanquer J, Labarta L, Díaz C, Borreguero-León JM, Jiménez A, Páramo JA, Orbe J, Rodríguez JA, Salido E. The 372 T/C genetic polymorphism of TIMP-1 is associated with serum levels of TIMP-1 and survival in patients with severe sepsis. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2013; 17:R94. [PMID: 23706069 PMCID: PMC3706773 DOI: 10.1186/cc12739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies have found higher circulating levels of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 in nonsurviving septic patients than in surviving septic patients, and an association between the 372 T/C genetic polymorphism of TIMP-1 and the risk of developing certain diseases. However, the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of TIMP-1, circulating TIMP-1 levels and survival in patients with severe sepsis has not been examined, and this was the objective of the study. METHODS This multicentre, prospective, observational study was carried out in six Spanish ICUs. We determined the 372 T/C genetic polymorphism of TIMP-1 (rs4898), serum levels of TIMP-1, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, MMP-10, TNFα, IL-10 and plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). Survival at 30 days from ICU admission was the endpoint assessed. The association between continuous variables was carried out using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient or Spearman's rho coefficient. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the association between the 372 T/C genetic polymorphism and survival 30 days from ICU admission. RESULTS Of 275 patients with severe sepsis, 80 had genotype CC, 55 had genotype CT and 140 had genotype TT of the 372 T/C genetic polymorphism of TIMP-1. Patients with the T allele showed higher serum levels of TIMP-1 than patients without the T allele (P=0.004). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the T allele was associated with higher mortality at 30 days (odds ratio=2.08; 95% confidence interval=1.06 to 4.09; P=0.03). Survival analysis showed that patients with the T allele presented lower 30-day survival than patients without the T allele (χ2=5.77; P=0.016). We found an association between TIMP-1 levels and levels of MMP-9 (ρ=-0.19; P=0.002), MMP-10 (ρ=0.55; P<0.001), TNFα (ρ=0.56; P<0.001), IL-10 (ρ=0.48; P<0.001) and PAI-1 (ρ=0.49; P<0.001). CONCLUSION The novel findings of our study are that septic patients with the T allele in the 372 T/C genetic polymorphism of TIMP-1 showed higher serum TIMP-1 levels and lower survival rate. The determination of the 372 T/C genetic polymorphism of TIMP-1 thus has prognostic implications and could help in the selection of patients who may benefit from modulation of the MMP/TIMP balance.
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Yim SV, Kim SK, Park HJ, Jeon HS, Jo BC, Kang WS, Lee SM, Kim JW, Chung JH. Assessment of the correlation between TIMP4 SNPs and schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders. Mol Med Rep 2013; 7:489-94. [PMID: 23229788 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2012.1221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are involved in synaptic plasticity, neuronal cell differentiation and neuroprotection in the central nervous system. To investigate whether TIMP4 polymorphisms are associated with schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), 480 patients (schizophrenia, n=287; ASDs, n=193) and 296 controls were enrolled. Clinical symptoms of schizophrenia and ASDs were assessed using the operation criteria checklist for psychotic illness (OPCRIT) and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), respectively. One promoter single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; rs3755724, -55C/T) and one exonic SNP (rs17035945, 3'-untranslated region) were selected. SNPStats and SNPAnalyzer Pro programs were used to calculate odds ratios. Multiple logistic regression models were performed to analyze the genetic data. Based on the results, these two SNPs were not associated with schizophrenia and ASD. In the analysis of clinical features of schizophrenia, rs3755724 was nominally associated with schizophrenia with poor concentration (P=0.044 in the codominant2 model, P=0.041 in the log-additive model and P=0.043 in allele frequency). These results suggest that TIMP4 is not associated with the development of schizophrenia and ASD in the population studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Vin Yim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-702, Republic of Korea
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Basu R, Fan D, Kandalam V, Lee J, Das SK, Wang X, Baldwin TA, Oudit GY, Kassiri Z. Loss of Timp3 gene leads to abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in response to angiotensin II. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:44083-96. [PMID: 23144462 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.425652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm is dilation of the aorta primarily due to degradation of the aortic wall extracellular matrix (ECM). Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) inhibit matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), the proteases that degrade the ECM. Timp3 is the only ECM-bound Timp, and its levels are altered in the aorta from patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). We investigated the causal role of Timp3 in AAA formation. Infusion of angiotensin II (Ang II) using micro-osmotic (Alzet) pumps in Timp3(-/-) male mice, but not in wild type control mice, led to adverse remodeling of the abdominal aorta, reduced collagen and elastin proteins but not mRNA, and elevated proteolytic activities, suggesting excess protein degradation within 2 weeks that led to formation of AAA by 4 weeks. Intriguingly, despite early up-regulation of MMP2 in Timp3(-/-)Ang II aortas, additional deletion of Mmp2 in these mice (Timp3(-/-)/Mmp2(-/-)) resulted in exacerbated AAA, compromised survival due to aortic rupture, and inflammation in the abdominal aorta. Reconstitution of WT bone marrow in Timp3(-/-)/Mmp2(-/-) mice reduced inflammation and prevented AAA in these animals following Ang II infusion. Treatment with a broad spectrum MMP inhibitor (PD166793) prevented the Ang II-induced AAA in Timp3(-/-) and Timp3(-/-)/Mmp2(-/-) mice. Our study demonstrates that the regulatory function of TIMP3 is critical in preventing adverse vascular remodeling and AAA. Hence, replenishing TIMP3, a physiological inhibitor of a number of metalloproteinases, could serve as a therapeutic approach in limiting AAA development or expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratnadeep Basu
- Department of Physiology, Division of Cardiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada
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Bloomer LD, Bown MJ, Tomaszewski M. Sexual dimorphism of abdominal aortic aneurysms: A striking example of “male disadvantage” in cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis 2012; 225:22-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Duellman T, Warren CL, Peissig P, Wynn M, Yang J. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 genotype as a potential genetic marker for abdominal aortic aneurysm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 5:529-37. [PMID: 22942228 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.112.963082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Degradation of extracellular matrix support in the large abdominal arteries contribute to abnormal dilation of aorta, leading to abdominal aortic aneurysms, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is the predominant enzyme targeting elastin and collagen present in the walls of the abdominal aorta. Previous studies have suggested a potential association between MMP-9 genotype and abdominal aortic aneurysm, but these studies have been limited only to the p-1562 and (CA) dinucleotide repeat microsatellite polymorphisms in the promoter region of the MMP-9 gene. We determined the functional alterations caused by 15 MMP-9 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reported to be relatively abundant in the human genome through Western blots, gelatinase, and promoter-reporter assays and incorporated this information to perform a logistic-regression analysis of MMP-9 SNPs in 336 human abdominal aortic aneurysm cases and controls. METHODS AND RESULTS Significant functional alterations were observed for 6 exon SNPs and 4 promoter SNPs. Genotype analysis of frequency-matched (age, sex, history of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and smoking) cases and controls revealed significant genetic heterogeneity exceeding 20% observed for 6 SNPs in our population of mostly white subjects from Northern Wisconsin. A step-wise logistic-regression analysis with 6 functional SNPs, where weakly contributing confounds were eliminated using Akaike information criteria, gave a final 2 SNP (D165N and p-2502) model with an overall odds ratio of 2.45 (95% confidence interval, 1.06-5.70). CONCLUSIONS The combined approach of direct experimental confirmation of the functional alterations of MMP-9 SNPs and logistic-regression analysis revealed significant association between MMP-9 genotype and abdominal aortic aneurysm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Duellman
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1300 University Ave, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Yu GI, Kim SK, Park HJ, Kim JW, Chung JH, Shin DH. The C allele of synonymous SNP (rs1142636, Asn170Asn) in SYN1 is a risk factor for the susceptibility of Korean female schizophrenia. Synapse 2012; 66:979-83. [PMID: 22807112 DOI: 10.1002/syn.21583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the exonic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of synapsin I (SYN1) (rs1142636, Asn170Asn, Xp11.23) and SYN2 (rs2289708, 3'-untranslated region, 3p25) in schizopherenia. METHODS Two hundred eighty six schizophrenia patients and 304 control subjects were recruited. SNPs with a know heterozygosity and minor allele frequency (MAF) > 0.1 in Asian populations were selected and genotyped by direct sequencing. RESULTS The allelic frequencies of rs1142636 (SYN1) were associated with schizophrenia (P < 0.05), respectively. The allelic frequency of rs1142636 in all subjects was associated with schizophrenia [P = 0.000059, OR = 2.17 (95% CI = 1.47-3.18)]. The C allele frequency of rs1142636 was higher in schizophrenia (20.8%) than that in controls (10.8%). In the analysis of gender, the allelic frequency of rs1142636 was also strongly associated with female schizophrenia [P = 0.0001, OR = 2.65 (95% CI = 1.61-4.36)], but not with male schizophrenia. The C allele frequency of rs1142636 was higher in female schizophrenia (22.2%) than that in female controls (9.7%). The rs2289708 SNP (SYN2) did not show any association between schizophrenia and controls. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the C allele of a synonymous SNP (rs1142636, Asn170Asn, Xp11.23) in SYN1 may be a risk factor for the susceptibility of Koreran female schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong Im Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
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Cui C, Shi Q, Zhang X, Liu X, Bai Y, Li J, Liu S, Hu S, Wei Y. CRP promotes MMP-10 expression via c-Raf/MEK/ERK and JAK1/ERK pathways in cardiomyocytes. Cell Signal 2011; 24:810-8. [PMID: 22142512 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 11/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) was reported to be a predictor for left ventricular (LV) remodeling. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-10 participates in the LV remodeling process. However, the intrinsic relationship between CRP and MMP-10 in cardiomyocytes remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to observe whether CRP may promote MMP-10 expression, and if so, to clarify signaling pathways to be involved in CRP-induced MMP-10 expression in cardiomyocytes. We observed in cultured cardiomyocytes that CRP at a dose of 5 μg/ml increased MMP-10 expression and activity in a time-dependent manner, as measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blots, and casein zymography analysis. We hypothesized that signal pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and Janus kinases (JAKs)/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) might be involved in CRP-induced MMP-10 expression. Our results showed that CRP markedly activated c-Raf/MEK/ERK and JAK1/ERK signaling pathways but not JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway by using the phosphor-specific antibodies against these pathways, and blockages of c-Raf/MEK/ERK and JAK1/ERK signaling pathways by the specific ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 and JAK1 inhibitor piceatannol could significantly decrease CRP-induced MMP-10 expression. In addition, we demonstrated that the DNA binding sites of AP-1 and STAT3 in the nucleus of cardiomyocytes mediated CRP-induced MMP-10 expression. In conclusion, we demonstrated that CRP promoted MMP-10 expression and activity in cardiomyocytes, and clarified that c-Raf/MEK/ERK and JAK1/ERK signaling pathways were involved in MMP-10 expression regulation via activation of DNA binding sites for AP-1 and STAT3 in cardiomyocytes. Our findings suggest that CRP acts as a predictor for LV remodeling might be associated with its promotion effect on MMP-10 expression and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjue Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease & Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
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Saracini C, Bolli P, Sticchi E, Pratesi G, Pulli R, Sofi F, Pratesi C, Gensini GF, Abbate R, Giusti B. Polymorphisms of genes involved in extracellular matrix remodeling and abdominal aortic aneurysm. J Vasc Surg 2011; 55:171-179.e2. [PMID: 22094117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2011.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Revised: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) has a multifactorial etiology and the relevance of genetic factors is getting increasing interest, in particular those related to the destructive remodeling of extracellular matrix. METHODS We performed a candidate gene association study of polymorphisms in genes coding matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs), and elastin (ELN) in AAA. DNA samples from 423 AAA patients and 423 controls were genotyped for 12 polymorphisms in 10 genes: MMP1 (-1607G/GG), MMP2 (-735C/T; -1306C/T; -1575 G/A), MMP3 (5A/6A), MMP9 (-1562C/T), MMP10 (A180G), MMP-12 (-82A/G), MMP-13 (-77A/G), TIMP1 (C434T), TIMP3 (-1296T/C), and ELN (G1355A). RESULTS Genotype distribution was significantly different between patients and controls for the following polymorphisms: -1306C/T MMP2; 5A/6A MMP3; -77A/G MMP-13; G1355A ELN; and C434T TIMP1. In a multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, -1306C/T MMP2 (odds ratios [OR] = 0.55 [95% confidence interval, CI .34-.85], P < .007) and G1355A ELN (OR = 0.64 ([95% CI .41-.99], P = .046) polymorphisms resulted in independent protective factors for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), whereas 5A/6A MMP3 (OR = 1.82 [95% CI 1.04-3.12], P = .034) and -77 A/G MMP-13 (OR = 2.14 [95% CI 1.18-3.86], P = .012) polymorphisms resulted in independent risk factors for AAA. In a multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for traditional cardiovascular factors and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the prevalence of the contemporary presence of three or four genetic risk conditions was a strong and independent determinant of AAA disease (OR = 2.96, 95% CI 1.67-5.24, P < .0001). For those polymorphisms independently associated with AAA in this study (-1306C/T MMP2, 5A/6A MMP3, -77A/G MMP-13, and G1355A ELN polymorphisms), we performed a meta-analysis of the available data (this paper and literature data). We found a significant association with an increased risk of AAA for MMP3 (AAA patients n = 1258, controls n = 1406: OR = 1.48 [95% CI = 1.23-1.78], I(2) = 0%) and MMP-13 (AAA patients n = 800, controls n = 843: OR = 1.37 [95% CI = 1.04-1.82], I(2) = 25%) polymorphisms and a trend that did not reach the statistical significance, toward a decreased risk of AAA for MMP2 (AAA patients n = 1090, controls n = 1077: OR = 0.83 [95% CI = .60-1.15], I(2) =7 1%) and ELN (AAA patients n = 904, controls n = 1069: OR = 0.79 [95% CI = .53-1.18], I(2) = 72%) polymorphisms. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that polymorphisms in MMP2, MMP3, MMP-13, and ELN genes may independently contribute to the pathogenesis of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Saracini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Critical Care, University of Florence, Atherothrombotic Diseases Center, Florence, Italy
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Lesauskaite V, Sinkunaite-Marsalkiene G, Tamosiunas A, Benetis R. Protective effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme I/I and matrix metalloproteinase-3 6A/6A polymorphisms on dilatative pathology within the ascending thoracic aorta. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2011; 40:23-7. [PMID: 21111627 PMCID: PMC3968396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcts.2010.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2010] [Revised: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Activation of matrix metalloproteinases and the renin/angiotensin signaling pathways is under investigation with regard to their potential pathogenesis in dilatative pathology of the aorta. The purpose of this study was to explore matrix metalloproteinase-3 5A/6A and angiotensin-converting enzyme I/D polymorphisms as predisposing factors to dilatative pathology of the aorta. METHODS We studied 107 patients who underwent aortic reconstruction surgery due to dilatative pathology of ascending thoracic aorta and a random sample of the population (n = 773), all from Lithuania. The insertion/deletion (-1171 5A/6A) polymorphism in the promoter region of matrix metalloproteinase-3 studied by real-time polymerase-chain-reaction amplification and the D and I alleles were identified on the basis of standard polymerase-chain-reaction amplification of the respective fragments from intron 16 of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene. RESULTS The frequency of the angiotensin-converting enzyme D allele was significantly higher in dilatative pathology of ascending thoracic aorta patients than in the reference group subjects (0.55 vs 0.48, respectively). The latter group had a significantly higher frequency of the angiotensin-converting enzyme I/I genotype than in dilatative pathology of ascending thoracic aorta patients (27.4% vs 16.5%, respectively). In the reference group, the frequency of combined angiotensin-converting enzyme I/I and matrix metalloproteinase-3 6A/6A genotypes was 7.5%, while in the dilatative pathology of ascending thoracic aorta patient group, there was no one carrying that combined genotype (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The present study showing a role of angiotensin-converting enzyme and matrix metalloproteinase-3 in the development of dilatative pathology of ascending thoracic aorta permits us to entertain a possible protective mechanism for the combined effects of the angiotensin-converting enzyme I/I and the matrix metalloproteinase-3 6A/6A genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaiva Lesauskaite
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Kaunas University of Medicine, Kaunas, Lithuania.
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Wei Y, Cui C, Lainscak M, Zhang X, Li J, Huang J, Zhang H, Zheng Z, Hu S. Type-specific dysregulation of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in end-stage heart failure patients: relationship between MMP-10 and LV remodelling. J Cell Mol Med 2011; 15:773-82. [PMID: 20219015 PMCID: PMC3922666 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01049.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2009] [Accepted: 02/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although past studies observed the changes of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in end-stage heart failure (HF) patients, a consistent and clear pattern of type-specific MMPs and/or TIMPs has yet to be further defined. In this study, proteomic approach of human protein antibody arrays was used to compare MMP and TIMP expression levels of left ventricular (LV) myocardial samples from end-stage HF patients due to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) with those from age- and sex- matched non-failing patients. Western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry and ELISA were used for validation of our results. We observed that MMP-10 and -7 abundance increased, accompanied by decreased TIMP-4 in DCM failing hearts (n= 8) compared with non-failing hearts (n= 8). The results were further validated in a cohort of 34 end-stage HF patients derived from three forms of cardiomyopathies. Cardiac and plasma MMP-10 levels were positively correlated with the LV end-diastolic dimension in this HF cohort. In addition, we observed that insulin-like growth factor-2 promoted MMP-10 production in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, this study demonstrated a selective up-regulation of MMP-10 and -7 along with a discordant change of TIMP-4, and a positive correlation between MMP-10 levels and the degree of LV dilation in end-stage HF patients. Our findings suggest that type-specific dysregulation of MMPs and TIMPs is associated with LV remodelling in end-stage HF patients, and MMP-10 may act as a novel biomarker for LV remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Wei
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital & Cardiovascular Institute, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of HealthBeijing, P. R. China
| | - Chuanjue Cui
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital & Cardiovascular Institute, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of HealthBeijing, P. R. China
| | - Mitja Lainscak
- University Clinic of Respiration and Allergic Disease Golnik, Division of CardiologyGolnik, Slovenia
- Applied Cachexia Research, Dept of Cardiology, Charité, Campus Virchow-KlinikumBerlin, Germany
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital & Cardiovascular Institute, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of HealthBeijing, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital & Cardiovascular Institute, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of HealthBeijing, P. R. China
| | - Jie Huang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital & Cardiovascular Institute, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of HealthBeijing, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital & Cardiovascular Institute, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of HealthBeijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Zheng
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital & Cardiovascular Institute, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of HealthBeijing, P. R. China
| | - Shengshou Hu
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital & Cardiovascular Institute, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of HealthBeijing, P. R. China
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Posthumus M, Collins M, van der Merwe L, O'Cuinneagain D, van der Merwe W, Ribbans WJ, Schwellnus MP, Raleigh SM. Matrix metalloproteinase genes on chromosome 11q22 and the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2011; 22:523-33. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01270.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Lillvis JH, Kyo Y, Tromp G, Lenk GM, Li M, Lu Q, Igo RP, Sakalihasan N, Ferrell RE, Schworer CM, Gatalica Z, Land S, Kuivaniemi H. Analysis of positional candidate genes in the AAA1 susceptibility locus for abdominal aortic aneurysms on chromosome 19. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2011; 12:14. [PMID: 21247474 PMCID: PMC3037298 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-12-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a complex disorder with multiple genetic risk factors. Using affected relative pair linkage analysis, we previously identified an AAA susceptibility locus on chromosome 19q13. This locus has been designated as the AAA1 susceptibility locus in the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database. METHODS Nine candidate genes were selected from the AAA1 locus based on their function, as well as mRNA expression levels in the aorta. A sample of 394 cases and 419 controls was genotyped for 41 SNPs located in or around the selected nine candidate genes using the Illumina GoldenGate platform. Single marker and haplotype analyses were performed. Three genes (CEBPG, PEPD and CD22) were selected for DNA sequencing based on the association study results, and exonic regions were analyzed. Immunohistochemical staining of aortic tissue sections from AAA and control individuals was carried out for the CD22 and PEPD proteins with specific antibodies. RESULTS Several SNPs were nominally associated with AAA (p < 0.05). The SNPs with most significant p-values were located near the CCAAT enhancer binding protein (CEBPG), peptidase D (PEPD), and CD22. Haplotype analysis found a nominally associated 5-SNP haplotype in the CEBPG/PEPD locus, as well as a nominally associated 2-SNP haplotype in the CD22 locus. DNA sequencing of the coding regions revealed no variation in CEBPG. Seven sequence variants were identified in PEPD, including three not present in the NCBI SNP (dbSNP) database. Sequencing of all 14 exons of CD22 identified 20 sequence variants, five of which were in the coding region and six were in the 3'-untranslated region. Five variants were not present in dbSNP. Immunohistochemical staining for CD22 revealed protein expression in lymphocytes present in the aneurysmal aortic wall only and no detectable expression in control aorta. PEPD protein was expressed in fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in the media-adventitia border in both aneurysmal and non-aneurysmal tissue samples. CONCLUSIONS Association testing of the functional positional candidate genes on the AAA1 locus on chromosome 19q13 demonstrated nominal association in three genes. PEPD and CD22 were considered the most promising candidate genes for altering AAA risk, based on gene function, association evidence, gene expression, and protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H Lillvis
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Biomechanics and Pathobiology of Aortic Aneurysms. STUDIES IN MECHANOBIOLOGY, TISSUE ENGINEERING AND BIOMATERIALS 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/8415_2011_84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a multifactorial disease with a strong genetic component. Since the first candidate gene studies were published 20 years ago, approximately 100 genetic association studies using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in biologically relevant genes have been reported on AAA. These studies investigated SNPs in genes of the extracellular matrix, the cardiovascular system, the immune system, and signaling pathways. Very few studies were large enough to draw firm conclusions and very few results could be replicated in another sample set. The more recent unbiased approaches are family-based DNA linkage studies and genome-wide genetic association studies, which have the potential of identifying the genetic basis for AAA, only when appropriately powered and well-characterized large AAA cohorts are used. SNPs associated with AAA have already been identified in these large multicenter studies. One significant association was of a variant in a gene called contactin-3, which is located on chromosome 3p12.3. However, two follow-up studies could not replicate this association. Two other SNPs, which are located on chromosome 9p21 and 9q33, were replicated in other samples. The two genes with the strongest supporting evidence of contribution to the genetic risk for AAA are the CDKN2BAS gene, also known as ANRIL, which encodes an antisense ribonucleic acid that regulates expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors CDKN2A and CDKN2B, and DAB2IP, which encodes an inhibitor of cell growth and survival. Functional studies are now needed to establish the mechanisms by which these genes contribute toward AAA pathogenesis.
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Saratzis A, Abbas AA, Kiskinis D, Melas N, Saratzis N, Kitas GD. Abdominal aortic aneurysm: a review of the genetic basis. Angiology 2010; 62:18-32. [PMID: 20566578 DOI: 10.1177/0003319710373092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a complex disease with a largely unknown pathophysiological background and a strong genetic component. Various studies have tried to link specific genetic variants with AAA. METHODS Systematic review of the literature (1947-2009). RESULTS A total of 249 studies were identified, 89 of which were eventually deemed relevant to this review. Genetic variants (polymorphisms) in a wide variety of genes, most of which encode proteolytic enzymes and inflammatory molecules, have been associated with AAA development and progression. CONCLUSION The genetic basis of AAA remains unknown, and most results from ''candidate-gene'' association studies are contradictory. Further analyses in appropriately powered studies in large, phenotypically well-characterized populations, including genome-wide association studies, are necessary to elucidate the exact genetic contribution to the pathophysiology of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Saratzis
- Russell's Hall Hospital, Dudley Group of Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Dudley, West Midlands, UK.
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Krishna SM, Dear AE, Norman PE, Golledge J. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms and their possible role in abdominal aortic aneurysm. Atherosclerosis 2010; 212:16-29. [PMID: 20347091 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Revised: 01/29/2010] [Accepted: 02/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common disease associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of AAA is poorly defined, making targeting of new therapies problematic. Current evidence favours an interaction of multiple environmental and genetic factors in the initiation and progression of AAA. Epigenetics is the term used to define the properties of the genome that are not explained by the primary sequence, but are due to the modifications of DNA and/or associated proteins. Previous research indicates the association of gene specific promoter DNA hyper-methylation and global DNA hypo-methylation with atherosclerosis. Evidence also suggests an important role for epigenetic processes such as histone acetylation in cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis and restenosis. Altered DNA methylation or histone acetylation occur in inflammation, cellular proliferation and remodelling processes and therefore maybe relevant to the pathology of AAA. Important risk factors for AAA, including cigarette smoking, older age, male gender and hypertension, have been linked with epigenetic effects and thus could act in this way to promote AAA. In this review, we discuss the potential role of epigenetic mechanisms in AAA. Since epigenetic alterations are to some extent reversible, further study of this area may identify new treatment targets for AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smriti M Krishna
- Vascular Biology Unit, School of Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
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Lorente L, Martín MM, Labarta L, Díaz C, Solé-Violán J, Blanquer J, Orbe J, Rodríguez JA, Jiménez A, Borreguero-León JM, Belmonte F, Medina JC, Llimiñana MC, Ferrer-Agüero JM, Ferreres J, Mora ML, Lubillo S, Sánchez M, Barrios Y, Sierra A, Páramo JA. Matrix metalloproteinase-9, -10, and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 blood levels as biomarkers of severity and mortality in sepsis. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2009; 13:R158. [PMID: 19799791 PMCID: PMC2784384 DOI: 10.1186/cc8115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2009] [Revised: 09/01/2009] [Accepted: 10/02/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a role in infectious diseases through extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, which favors the migration of immune cells from the bloodstream to sites of inflammation. Although higher levels of MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) have been found in small series of patients with sepsis, MMP-10 levels have not been studied in this setting. The objective of this study was to determine the predictive value of MMP-9, MMP-10, and TIMP-1 on clinical severity and mortality in a large series of patients with severe sepsis. Methods This was a multicenter, observational, and prospective study carried out in six Spanish Intensive Care Units. We included 192 (125 surviving and 67 nonsurviving) patients with severe sepsis and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls in the study. Serum levels of MMP-9, MMP-10, TIMP-1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and interleukin (IL)-10 were measured in patients with severe sepsis at the time of diagnosis and in healthy controls. Results Sepsis patients had higher levels of MMP-10 and TIMP-1, higher MMP-10/TIMP-1 ratios, and lower MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratios than did healthy controls (P < 0.001). An association was found between MMP-9, MMP-10, TIMP-1, and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratios and parameters of sepsis severity, assessed by the SOFA score, the APACHE-II score, lactic acid, platelet count, and markers of coagulopathy. Nonsurviving sepsis patients had lower levels of MMP-9 (P = 0.037), higher levels of TIMP-1 (P < 0.001), lower MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio (P = 0.003), higher levels of IL-10 (P < 0.001), and lower TNF-α/IL-10 ratio than did surviving patients. An association was found between MMP-9, MMP-10, and TIMP-1 levels, and TNF-α and IL-10 levels. The risk of death in sepsis patients with TIMP-1 values greater than 531 ng/ml was 80% higher than that in patients with lower values (RR = 1.80; 95% CI = 1.13 to 2.87;P = 0.01; sensitivity = 0.73; specificity = 0.45). Conclusions The novel findings of our study on patients with severe sepsis (to our knowledge, the largest series reporting data about MMP levels in sepsis) are that reduced MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratios and increased MMP-10 levels may be of great pathophysiologic significance in terms of severity and mortality, and that TIMP-1 levels may represent a biomarker to predict the clinical outcome of patients with sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Lorente
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Ofra, 38320 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
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Baas AF, Medic J, van 't Slot R, de Kovel CG, Zhernakova A, Geelkerken RH, Kranendonk SE, van Sterkenburg SM, Grobbee DE, Boll AP, Wijmenga C, Blankensteijn JD, Ruigrok YM. Association of the TGF-beta receptor genes with abdominal aortic aneurysm. Eur J Hum Genet 2009; 18:240-4. [PMID: 19672284 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2009.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a multifactorial condition. The transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) pathway regulates vascular remodeling and mutations in its receptor genes, TGFBR1 and TGFBR2, cause syndromes with thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). The TGF-beta pathway may be involved in aneurysm development in general. We performed an association study by analyzing all the common genetic variants in TGFBR1 and TGFBR2 using tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a Dutch AAA case-control population in a two-stage genotyping approach. In stage 1, analyzing 376 cases and 648 controls, three of the four TGFBR1 SNPs and nine of the 28 TGFBR2 SNPs had a P<0.07. Genotyping of these SNPs in an independent cohort of 360 cases and 376 controls in stage 2 confirmed association (P<0.05) for the same allele of one SNP in TGFBR1 and two SNPs in TGFBR2. Joint analysis of the 736 cases and 1024 controls showed statistically significant associations of these SNPs, which sustained after proper correction for multiple testing (TGFBR1 rs1626340 OR 1.32 95% CI 1.11-1.56 P=0.001 and TGFBR2 rs1036095 OR 1.32 95% CI 1.12-1.54 P=0.001 and rs4522809 OR 1.28 95% CI 1.12-1.46 P=0.0004). We conclude that genetic variations in TGFBR1 and TGFBR2 associate with AAA in the Dutch population. This suggests that AAA may develop partly by similar defects as TAA, which in the future may provide novel therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Baas
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Smallwood L, Warrington N, Allcock R, van Bockxmeer F, Palmer L, Iacopetta B, Golledge J, Norman P. Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Gene Variants and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2009; 38:169-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2009.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 04/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Association between matrix metalloproteinase-10 concentration and smoking in individuals without cardiovascular disease. Rev Esp Cardiol 2009; 61:1267-73. [PMID: 19080965 DOI: 10.1016/s1885-5857(09)60054-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Smoking is an important cardiovascular risk factor whose underlying mechanism is incompletely understood. However, it has been suggested that alterations in the balance between synthesis and degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) may play a role. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is an independent association between smoking and the concentration of circulating metalloproteinases (MMPs) in individuals without cardiovascular disease. METHODS Metabolic parameters, the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), inflammatory markers (fibrinogen, C-reactive protein and interleukin-6), markers of endothelial damage (e.g., von Willebrand factor), and the concentration of MMP-1, -9 and -10 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) were assessed in 400 asymptomatic individuals with cardiovascular risk factors. Subjects were divided into non-smokers (n=195), smokers (n=118) and former smokers (n=87). In addition, global cardiovascular risk was determined from PROCAM and REGICOR scores. RESULTS Both MMP-1 and MMP-10 concentrations were significantly higher in smokers than non-smokers (P< .05 and P< .001, respectively), though there was no difference in the levels of MMP-9, TIMP-1, IMT and other inflammatory parameters. There were positive correlations between the MMP-10 concentration and PROCAM and REGICOR scores (P< .001). Multivariate analysis showed that there was still an association between smoking and the MMP-10 concentration after adjustment for age, sex and other cardiovascular risk factors (P< .001). Multiple regression analysis showed that smoking accounted for 28% of the variability in the MMP-10 concentration. CONCLUSIONS There was an independent association between smoking and the MMP-10 concentration in asymptomatic individuals. This relationship between MMP-10 and the ECM may indicate a mechanism through which this MMP contributes to smoking-related atherosclerosis.
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Korcz A, Mikołajczyk-Stecyna J, Gabriel M, Zowczak-Drabarczyk M, Pawlaczyk K, Kalafirov M, Oszkinis G, Słomski R. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE, I/D) Gene Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm or Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease. J Surg Res 2009; 153:76-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2008.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2007] [Revised: 03/08/2008] [Accepted: 03/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Asociación de la metaloproteinasa-10 y el tabaquismo en sujetos sin enfermedad cardiovascular. Rev Esp Cardiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0300-8932(08)75734-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Qiu W, Zhou G, Zhai Y, Zhang X, Xie W, Zhang H, Yang H, Zhi L, Yuan X, Zhang X, He F. No association of MMP-7, MMP-8, and MMP-21 polymorphisms with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in a Chinese population. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008; 17:2514-8. [PMID: 18768525 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that the functional polymorphisms in the promoters of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) genes were associated with the risk of cancers, but no study has ever explored these polymorphisms as risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma. Recently, we firstly examined whether seven functional polymorphisms in the promoters of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-12, and MMP-13 have any bearing on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, but we found none. In this study, we focused on an additional six MMP polymorphisms, including four functional polymorphisms in the promoters of MMP-7 (A-181G and C-153T) and MMP-8 (C-799T and A-381G), and two nonsynonymous polymorphisms in MMP-10 (A180G) and MMP-21 (C572T). With the polymorphism validation, we found that only MMP-7 A-181G, MMP-8 C-799T, and MMP-21 C572T were polymorphic. These three polymorphisms were then genotyped in 434 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and 480 controls by PRC-RFLP analysis. The associations between the polymorphisms and hepatocellular carcinoma risk were evaluated while controlling for confounding factors. No significant association with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma was observed with the three polymorphisms in the overall sample, hepatitis B virus carriers, and non-hepatitis B virus carriers after correction for multiple comparisons. Furthermore, when the analyses were stratified by age, sex, status of smoking and drinking, pack-years of smoking, and family history of hepatocellular carcinoma, there was also no significant association between these polymorphisms and hepatocellular carcinoma risk. Our findings suggest that the polymorphisms MMP-7 A-181G, MMP-8 C-799T, and MMP-21 C572T may not play a major role in mediating susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
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