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Efeovbokhan N, Khouzam RN, Al-Fakhouri A, Salama L. An objective comparison between bivalirudin and heparin during peripheral vascular interventions. Future Cardiol 2014; 10:717-24. [DOI: 10.2217/fca.14.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Patients undergoing percutaneous peripheral interventions are at increased risk for thrombotic complications hence the routine use of periprocedural anticoagulants. There is currently no American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines for periprocedural anticoagulants use in percutaneous peripheral interventions. Historically, unfractionated heparin has been the most common periprocedural anticoagulant used during percutaneous peripheral interventions. There may be a role for more predictable periprocedural anticoagulants in percutaneous peripheral interventions as has been demonstrated in percutaneous coronary interventions. Our review focuses on the evidence supporting the use of bivalirudin in percutaneous peripheral interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nephertiti Efeovbokhan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Rami N Khouzam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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Wong KL, Wong RNS, Zhang L, Liu WK, Ng TB, Shaw PC, Kwok PCL, Lai YM, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Y, Tong Y, Cheung HP, Lu J, Sze SCW. Bioactive proteins and peptides isolated from Chinese medicines with pharmaceutical potential. Chin Med 2014; 9:19. [PMID: 25067942 PMCID: PMC4110622 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8546-9-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Some protein pharmaceuticals from Chinese medicine have been developed to treat cardiovascular diseases, genetic diseases, and cancer. Bioactive proteins with various pharmacological properties have been successfully isolated from animals such as Hirudo medicinalis (medicinal leech), Eisenia fetida (earthworm), and Mesobuthus martensii (Chinese scorpion), and from herbal medicines derived from species such as Cordyceps militaris, Ganoderma, Momordica cochinchinensis, Viscum album, Poria cocos, Senna obtusifolia, Panax notoginseng, Smilax glabra, Ginkgo biloba, Dioscorea batatas, and Trichosanthes kirilowii. This article reviews the isolation methods, molecular characteristics, bioactivities, pharmacological properties, and potential uses of bioactive proteins originating from these Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kam Lok Wong
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Ricky Ngok Shun Wong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wing Keung Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Pang Chui Shaw
- School of Life Sciences and Centre for Protein Science and Crystallography, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Philip Chi Lip Kwok
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yau Ming Lai
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Zhang Jin Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yao Tong
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Ho-Pan Cheung
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jia Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Stephen Cho Wing Sze
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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