Molecular characterization and its antioxidant activity of a newly isolated Streptomyces coelicoflavus BC 01 from mangrove soil

Optimization and characterization of bioactive secondary metabolites from Streptomyces sp CMSTAAHL-4 isolated from mangrove sediment

BACKGROUND

Ten morphologically different actinomycetes were isolated from mangrove sediments of Manakudy, Kanyakumari District, India. The potent strain was selected based on their primary screening against Gram positive Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Gram negative Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi bacterial pathogens. The selected strain was identified as Streptomyces sp CMSTAAHL-4 by 16S rRNA sequencing. The media optimization for secondary metabolites production was performed by One-Variable at a Time and Response Surface Methodology-Central Composite Design. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bacterial concentration for the extracted secondary metabolites were determined. The antioxidant potential of the secondary metabolites showed that the concentration of the metabolites increases, with the percentage of inhibition. The anti-inflammatory activity of the secondary metabolites found that maximum activity was observed at 500 µg/ml of the metabolites. Alcohols, alkenes, alkynes, alkyl halides, carboxylic acids, aliphatic esters functional groups were identified by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography and mass spectrometer analysis of the secondary metabolites revealed five bioactive compounds. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the secondary metabolites are amorphous. The thermogravimetric analysis showed the thermal stability of secondary metabolites. Atomic force microscopy analysis revealed specific structural characteristics of the secondary metabolites, which may be associated with their potential biological activities.

CONCLUSIONS

The results showed that the antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory chemicals present in the isolated secondary metabolites give them therapeutic properties.

Bioproduction and optimization of newly characterized melanin pigment from Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 with its anticancer, antimicrobial, and radioprotective properties

BACKGROUND

Melanin is a natural pigment that is considered a promising biomaterial for numerous biotechnological applications across several industries. Melanin has biomedical applications as antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. Additionally, in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, it is used in drug delivery and as a radioprotective agent. Also, melanin has environmental uses in the fields of bioremediation and the food industry. The biosynthesis of melanin pigment is an area of interest for researchers due to its multifunctionality, high compatibility, and biodegradability. Therefore, our present work is the first attempt to characterize and optimize the productivity of melanin pigment from Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 concerning its radioprotection and biological properties.

RESULTS

Forty isolates of soil actinobacteria were isolated from the Wadi Allaqui Biosphere Reserve, Egypt. Only one isolate, ACT3, produced a dark brown melanin pigment extracellularly. This isolate was identified according to phenotypic properties and molecular phylogenetic analysis as Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 with accession number OP912881. Plackett-Burman experimental design (PBD) and response surface methodology (RSM) using a Box-Behnken design (BBD) were performed for optimum medium and culturing conditions for maximum pigment production, resulting in a 4.19-fold improvement in melanin production (118.73 mg/10 mL). The extracted melanin pigment was purified and characterized as belonging to nitrogen-free pyomelanin based on ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-VIS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and NMR studies. Purified melanin demonstrated potent scavenging activity with IC50 values of 18.03 µg/mL and revealed high potency as sunscreens (in vitro SPF = 18.5). Moreover, it showed a nontoxic effect on a normal cell line (WI38), while it had a concentration-dependent anticancer effect on HCT116, HEPG, and MCF7 cell lines with IC50 = 108.9, 43.83, and 81.99 µg/mL, respectively. Also, purified melanin had a detrimental effect on the tested MDR bacterial strains, of which PA-09 and SA-04 were clearly more susceptible to melanin compared with other strains with MICs of 6.25 and 25 µg/mL, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Our results demonstrated that the newly characterized pyomelanin from Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 has valuable biological properties due to its potential photoprotective, antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, and lack of cytotoxic activities, which open up new prospects for using this natural melanin pigment in various biotechnological applications and avoiding chemical-based drugs.

Whole genome sequencing of Streptomyces antnestii sp. nov. with a potency to become an industrial strain

Streptomyces Strain San01 is isolated from the soil of ant-nest found in the tea estate of Darjeeling, India. The morphology, biochemical, as well as the molecular characteristics, proved that San01 belonged to the genus Streptomyces. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) value between the genome sequence of the studied strain and its closest phylogenetic neighbors were very low and also could be distinguished from its closest neighbour with broad range of phenotypic data. The draft genome sequence of isolate San01 (NZ_RZYA00000000.1) was estimated to be 9.12 Mbp in size with 71.2% of GC content and it encompasses 39 biosynthetic gene clusters that emphasize the biotechnological potential of this isolate.Based on the phenotypic, genetic and genomic data, isolate San01 (=JCM 34633 = NCTC 14543) merits to be recognized as a type strain of a novel species and hereby propose the name Streptomyces antnestii sp. nov. Incidentally, this is the first report on Streptomyces genomes from Darjeeling, India.

Melanin pigment of Streptomyces puniceus RHPR9 exhibits antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer activities

The present study reveals the production of dark, extracellular melanin pigment (386 mg/L) on peptone yeast extract iron agar medium by Streptomyces puniceus RHPR9 using the gravimetric method. UV-Visible, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H) (NMR) spectroscopy confirmed the presence of melanin. Extracted melanin showed antibacterial activity against human pathogens such as Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli except for Klebsiella pneumoniae. A potent free radical scavenging activity was observed at 100 μg/mL of melanin by the DPPH method with a concentration of 89.01±0.05% compared with ascorbic acid 96.16±0.01%. Antitumor activity of melanin was evaluated by MTT assay against HEK 293, HeLa, and SK-MEL-28 cell lines with IC50 values of 64.11±0.00, 14.43±0.02, and 13.31±0.01 μg/mL respectively. Melanin showed maximum anti-inflammatory activity with human red blood cells (hRBC) (78.63 ± 0.01%) and minimum hemolysis of 21.37±0.2%. The wound healing potential of the pigment was confirmed on HeLa cells, cell migration was calculated, and it was observed that cell migration efficiency decreased with an increase in the concentration of melanin. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of melanin produced from S. puniceus RHPR9 that exhibited profound scavenging, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities.

Partially purified actinomycetes compounds enhance the intracellular damages in multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae

Based on the excellent nutrient level, the current study was focused on isolation and anti-bacterial activity of the actinomycetes from marine mangrove soil samples. As result, 10 different strains of actinomycetes strains were identified on actinomycetes isolation agar plates. The identified strains were shown with white, clear, uncontaminated well matured spore producing ability. Based on the initial observation, the isolated colonies were actinomycetes. The partially extracted crude compound shown excellent anti-bacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae with 15 mm and 13 mm zone of inhibitions were observed at 500 μL concentrations. The minimum inhibition concentration result was also confirmed the 500 μL concentration against both the tested concentration with high inhibition rate. Then, the intracellular damages, decreased cell growth of the crude actinomycetes extract treated bacterial strains were clearly observed by confocal laser scanning electron microscope. The extracellular damages of bacterial cell wall and shape of the both the pathogens were clearly shown by scanning electron microscope. Therefore, all the results were clearly supported to the partially extracted crude compound and it has excellent anti-bacterial activity against tested multi drug resistant bacteria.

Isolation and characterization of marine sponge-associated Streptomyces sp. NMF6 strain producing secondary metabolite(s) possessing antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, and antiviral activities

Background

Actinomycetes associated with marine sponge represent a promising source of bioactive compounds. Herein, we report the isolation, identification, and bioactivity evaluation of Streptomyces sp. NMF6 associated with the marine sponge Diacarnus ardoukobae.

Results

Results showed that the strain belonged to the genus Streptomyces, and it was designated as Streptomyces sp. NMF6 with the GenBank accession number MW015111. Ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract of the strain NMF6 demonstrated a promising antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Vibrio damsela, and Candida albicans and a strong antioxidant activity, which were confirmed by DPPH, ferric-reducing power, and phosphomolybdenum assays; results are expressed as ascorbic acid equivalents. NMF6 extract also demonstrated cytotoxicity against breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (Hep-G2), and human colon carcinoma cell line (HCT-116); the selectivity index values were < 2. The extract showed promising antiviral activity against HSV-1, CoxB4, and hepatitis A viruses at concentrations that were nontoxic to the host cells, with the selectivity index values being 13.25, 9.42, and 8.25, respectively. GC-MS analysis of the extract showed the presence of 20 compounds, with bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate being the major component (48%).

Conclusions

Our study indicates that the marine sponge–associated Streptomyces sp. NMF6 strain is a potential source of bioactive compounds that could be developed into therapeutic agents.

Evaluation of antioxidant potential of pigments extracted from Bacillus spp. and Halomonas spp. isolated from mangrove rhizosphere

The present study aimed to isolate different pigment-producing bacteria from the mangrove rhizosphere habitat and to extract their pigments for evaluating their antioxidant and sun-protective properties. Three pigment-producing bacterial cultures were isolated from soil samples and were identified by morphological analysis and 16S rDNA sequencing. The pigments were isolated by the solvent extraction method and named as MZ (Pink), Orange, and Yellow. They were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The sun protection factor (SPF) values of these pigments were then determined using the Mansur equation. The total polyphenol content was estimated by the Folin-Ciocâlteu method, and the antioxidant activity of the pigments was determined using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power), and ABTS (2,2-azinobis-3-ethyl-enzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assays. The in vitro antioxidant potential of the pigments in the presence of oxidative stress (H2O2) was confirmed in the mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 by using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. The pigment-producing bacterial isolates were identified as Bacillus infantis (MZ), Halomonas spp. (Orange), and Bacillus spp. (Yellow). The pigments were found to be carotenoid in nature, and the SPF values were in the range of 3.99 to 5.22. All three pigments had high polyphenol content (22 to 48 μg tannic acid equivalent) and showed significant antioxidant properties in both chemical and cell line-based studies. The results of this study indicate that these pigments have the potential to be used as an antioxidant agent and can be further developed as a pharmaceutical compound.

Streptomyces-Derived Metabolites with Potential Photoprotective Properties-A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis on the Reported Chemodiversity

Sun overexposure is associated with the development of diseases that primarily affect the skin, which can lead to skin cancer. Among the main measures of photoprotection is the use of sunscreens. However, there is currently concern about the reported harmful effects to both humans and the environment due to several of the sunscreen ingredients available on the market. For this reason, the search for and development of new agents with photoprotective properties is required. In searching for these metabolites, researchers have turned their attention to microbial sources, especially the microbiota in unusual hostile environments. Among the diverse microorganisms available in nature, Actinobacteria and specifically Streptomyces, have been shown to be a source of metabolites with various biological activities of interest, such as antimicrobial, antitumor and immunomodulator activities. Herein, we present the results of a systematic review of the literature in which Streptomyces isolates were studied as a source of compounds with photoprotective properties. A meta-analysis of the structure-property and structure-activity relationships of those metabolites identified in the qualitative analysis phase was also carried out. These findings indicate that Streptomyces are a source of metabolites with potential applications in the development of new, safe and more eco-friendly sunscreens.

Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Effects of a Forest Actinobacterium V002 as New Producer of Spectinabilin, Undecylprodigiosin and Metacycloprodigiosin

The aim of the study is the research and identification of a Streptomyces strain as a new producer of spectinabilin, undecylprodigiosin and metacycloprodigiosin. Among 54 actinomycete isolates isolated from El-Ogbane forest soils in Algeria, only one isolate, designated V₀₀₂, was selected for its ability to produce prodigiosins. The selected strain was analysed for its ability to produce three different secondary metabolites as well as their biological activities. V₀₀₂ belongs to the Streptomyces genus and has significant antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The taxonomic position of V₀₀₂ by 16S rRNA sequence analysis showed a similarity of 99.93% with Streptomyces lasiicapitis DSM 103124^T and 98.96% with Streptomyces spectabilis DSM 40512^T. Fractionation of crude secondary metabolites produced by the strain using HPLC-MS revealed the presence of spectinabilin, undecylprodigiosin and metacycloprodigiosin, which demonstrated significant activity. Strain V₀₀₂ is considered a new producer of spectinabilin, undecylprodigiosin and metacycloprodigiosin with significant antimicrobial and antioxidant activity.

Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Novel Marine Bacteria (Bacillus 2011SOCCUF3) Isolated from Marine Sponge (Spongia officinalis)

Background : Bacillus species represent a rich source of new bioactive metabolites that can combat diseases. Methods: Bacillus strain was isolated from the marine sponge Spongia officinalis and routinely maintained on marine broth. The bacteria strain was identified as Bacillus 2011SOCCUF3 using 16S rDNA sequencing. The strain was cultured on Tryptone Casein Oat Soluble Starch (TCOATSS) media with continuous agitation for 4 days. The fermented broth was centrifuged, and the supernatant was mixed with 10% (w/v) of adsorbent resin (XAD-7HP and XAD-16N, 1:1) and shaken continuously at a reduced speed for 7 h; and the resin was collected by filtration through sintered glass funnel and washed with MilliQ water, and then eluted with methanol to obtain the extract. The extract was evaporated in vacuo at reduced temperature and pressure to obtain the dry extract. The dry extract was purified by vacuum liquid chromatography, eluting with methanol in acetone gradient. The in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities were investigated using the agar-well diffusion, DPPH scavenging and the phosphomolybdate methods respectively. Results: The extract and fractions showed good antimicrobial activities with minimum inhibitory concentration range of <1.0 mg/mL. The extract and fractions also exhibited good antioxidant activities with their IC50 values been comparable to the standard. Conclusion: Thus, a novel Bacillus strain isolated from the marine sponge (Spongia officinalis) obtained from Cortiou and Riou, France, exhibited promising antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.

Prodigiosins from a marine sponge-associated actinomycete attenuate HCl/ethanol-induced gastric lesion via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms

Gastric ulcer is sores that form in the stomach mucosal layer because of erosion caused by high acid secretion and excessive use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Prodigiosins (PdGs) are red-pigmented secondary metabolites produced by bacteria, including actinomycetes. Butylcycloheptylprodigiosin (1) and undecylprodigiosin (2) were identified and isolated from a crude extract of the actinomycete RA2 isolated from the Red Sea Sponge Spheciospongia mastoidea. Chemical structure of 1 and 2 was determined by NMR and mass spectroscopy. Although their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are known, their effect on gastric lesion is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate gastroprotective effects of PdGs against HCl/ethanol-induced gastric lesion in rats. Oral pretreatment with PdGs (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg) attenuated severity of HCl/ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury, as evidenced by decreases in gastric lesion index scores, ulceration area, histopathologic abnormality, and neutrophil infiltration. These effects were comparable to those of omeprazole, a standard anti-gastric ulcer agent. HCl/ethanol-induced gastric erosions was associated with tremendous increases in lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, and pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators (myeloperoxidase, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and cyclooxygenase-2), and with significant decreases in enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities. However, PdGs ameliorated gastric inflammation and oxidative stress by downregulating nuclear factor kappa B and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and upregulating heme oxygenase-1 expression. PdGs prevented gastric mucosal apoptosis by downregulating Bax and caspase-3 expression and upregulating Bcl-2 expression, thereby increasing prostaglandin E2 production. Our results suggested that PdGs exerted gastroprotective effects by decreasing the levels of inflammatory mediators, apoptotic markers, and antioxidants.

Mangrove derived Streptomyces sp. MUM265 as a potential source of antioxidant and anticolon-cancer agents

Background

Colon cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, with a commensurately high mortality rate. The search for novel antioxidants and specific anticancer agents which may inhibit, delay or reverse the development of colon cancer is thus an area of great interest; Streptomyces bacteria have been demonstrated to be a source of such agents.

Results

The extract from Streptomyces sp. MUM265— a strain which was isolated and identified from Kuala Selangor mangrove forest, Selangor, Malaysia— was analyzed and found to exhibit antioxidant properties as demonstrated via metal-chelating ability as well as superoxide anion, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities. This study also showed that MUM265 extract demonstrated cytotoxicity against colon cancer cells as evidenced by the reduced cell viability of Caco-2 cell line. Treatment with MUM265 extract induced depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and accumulation of subG₁ cells in cell cycle analysis, suggesting that MUM265 exerted apoptosis-inducing effects on Caco-2 cells.

Conclusion

These findings indicate that mangrove derived Streptomyces sp. MUM265 represents a valuable bioresource of bioactive compounds for the future development of chemopreventive agents, with particular promise suggested for treatment of colon cancer.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (10.1186/s12866-019-1409-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activities of Genistein, Biochanin A, and Their Analogues

A series of naturally occurring genistein(3)and biochanin A(4)compounds and their analogues were synthesized from phloroglucinol. The structures of all the synthesized compounds were established by the combined use ofHNMR1,CNMR13, IR spectral data, and mass spectrometry; their antioxidant activities were investigated. Most of the synthesized compounds show moderate-to-high activity; only two compounds exhibit no significant activity.

Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Novel Actinobacteria Strain Isolated from Gulf of Khambhat, Gujarat

Bacterial secondary metabolites possess a wide range of biologically active compounds including antibacterial and antioxidants. In this study, a Gram-positive novel marine Actinobacteria was isolated from sea sediment which showed 84% 16S rRNA gene sequence (KT588655) similarity with Streptomyces variabilis (EU841661) and designated as Streptomyces variabilis RD-5. The genus Streptomyces is considered as a promising source of bioactive secondary metabolites. The isolated novel bacterial strain was characterized by antibacterial characteristics and antioxidant activities. The BIOLOG based analysis suggested that S. variabilis RD-5 utilized a wide range of substrates compared to the reference strain. The result is further supported by statistical analysis such as AWCD (average well color development), heat-map and PCA (principal component analysis). The whole cell fatty acid profiling showed the dominance of iso/anteiso branched C15–C17 long chain fatty acids. The identified strain S. variabilis RD-5 exhibited a broad spectrum of antibacterial activities for the Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli NCIM 2065, Shigella boydii NCIM, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas sp. NCIM 2200 and Salmonella enteritidis NCIM), and Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis NCIM 2920 and Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96). Extract of S. variabilis strain RD-5 showed 82.86 and 89% of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and metal chelating activity, respectively, at 5.0 mg/mL. While H₂O₂ scavenging activity was 74.5% at 0.05 mg/mL concentration. Furthermore, polyketide synthases (PKSs types I and II), an enzyme complex that produces polyketides, the encoding gene(s) detected in the strain RD-5 which may probably involve for the synthesis of antibacterial compound(s). In conclusion, a novel bacterial strain of Actinobacteria, isolated from the unexplored sea sediment of Alang, Gulf of Khambhat (Gujarat), India showed promising antibacterial activities. However, fractionation and further characterization of active compounds from S. variabilis RD-5 are needed for their optimum utilization toward antibacterial purposes.

Streptomyces sp. MUM212 as a Source of Antioxidants with Radical Scavenging and Metal Chelating Properties

Reactive oxygen species and other radicals potentially cause oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and DNA which may ultimately lead to various complications including mutations, carcinogenesis, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease, aging, and inflammatory disease. Recent reports demonstrate that Streptomyces bacteria produce metabolites with potent antioxidant activity that may be developed into therapeutic drugs to combat oxidative stress. This study shows that Streptomyces sp. MUM212 which was isolated from mangrove soil in Kuala Selangor, Malaysia, could be a potential source of antioxidants. Strain MUM212 was characterized and determined as belonging to the genus Streptomyces using 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic analysis. The MUM212 extract demonstrated significant antioxidant activity through DPPH, ABTS and superoxide radical scavenging assays and also metal-chelating activity of 22.03 ± 3.01%, 61.52 ± 3.13%, 37.47 ± 1.79%, and 41.98 ± 0.73% at 4 mg/mL, respectively. Moreover, MUM212 extract was demonstrated to inhibit lipid peroxidation up to 16.72 ± 2.64% at 4 mg/mL and restore survival of Vero cells from H₂O₂-induced oxidative damages. The antioxidant activities from the MUM212 extract correlated well with its total phenolic contents; and this in turn was in keeping with the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis which revealed the presence of phenolic compounds that could be responsible for the antioxidant properties of the extract. Other chemical constituents detected included hydrocarbons, alcohols and cyclic dipeptides which may have contributed to the overall antioxidant capacity of MUM212 extract. As a whole, strain MUM212 seems to have potential as a promising source of novel molecules for future development of antioxidative therapeutic agents against oxidative stress-related diseases.

Purification and structural elucidation of three bioactive compounds isolated from Streptomyces coelicoflavus BC 01 and their biological activity

The strain Streptomyces coelicoflavus BC 01 was isolated from mangrove soil and used as inoculum for submerged fermentation. The fermented broth was extracted with ethyl acetate, the crude extract was subjected to silica gel column chromatography and the homogeneity of the isolated fractions was determined by TLC and then subjected to RP-HPLC for their purity. The purification steps led to the isolation of three pure bioactive compounds named as BC 01_C1, BC 01_C2 and BC 01_C3. The chemical structure of these three compounds was established on the basis of their spectroscopic studies like UV, IR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR and GC–MS data by comparison with reference data from literature. The structure of the compound BC 01_C1 was established as 5-amino-2-(6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-oxononyl) cyclohex-2-enone. The compound BC 01_C2 was established as8-(aminomethyl)-7-hydroxy-1-(1-hydroxy-4-(hydroxylmethoxy)-2,3-dimethylbutyl)-2-methyl dodecahydro phenanthren-9(1H)-one and the compound BC 01_C3 was established as1-((E)-2-ethylhex-1-en-1-yl)2-((E)-2-ethylidenehexyl)cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate. The MIC values of the three isolated compounds (BC 01_C1, BC 01_C2 and BC 01_C3) were found between 12.5–75 μg/ml for bacteria and 50–125 μg/ml for fungi used in this study. These compounds also possess in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

Investigation of Antioxidative and Anticancer Potentials of Streptomyces sp. MUM256 Isolated from Malaysia Mangrove Soil

A Streptomyces strain, MUM256 was isolated from Tanjung Lumpur mangrove soil in Malaysia. Characterization of the strain showed that it has properties consistent with those of the members of the genus Streptomyces. In order to explore the potential bioactivities, extract of the fermented broth culture of MUM256 was prepared with organic solvent extraction method. DPPH and SOD activity were utilized to examine the antioxidant capacity and the results have revealed the potency of MUM256 in superoxide anion scavenging activity in dose-dependent manner. The cytotoxicity of MUM256 extract was determined using cell viability assay against 8 different panels of human cancer cell lines. Among all the tested cancer cells, HCT116 was the most sensitive toward the extract treatment. At the highest concentration of tested extract, the result showed 2.3-, 2.0-, and 1.8-folds higher inhibitory effect against HCT116, HT29, and Caco-2 respectively when compared to normal cell line. This result has demonstrated that MUM256 extract was selectively cytotoxic toward colon cancer cell lines. In order to determine the constituents responsible for its bioactivities, the extract was then subjected to chemical analysis using GC-MS. The analysis resulted in the identification of chemical constituents including phenolic and pyrrolopyrazine compounds which may responsible for antioxidant and anticancer activities observed. Based on the findings of this study, the presence of bioactive constituents in MUM256 extract could be a potential source for the development of antioxidative and chemopreventive agents.