1
|
Huang J, Sun J, Hua R, Fan Y, Wang K, Zheng L, Qian B. Predictive value of controlling nutritional status score for prostate cancer diagnosis. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1268800. [PMID: 38450184 PMCID: PMC10915645 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1268800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to explore the predictive value of the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis. Methods The data of 114 patients who underwent prostate needle biopsies from June 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The relationship between CONUT score and various clinical factors as well as PCa diagnosis was evaluated. Results The pathological results classified patients into the PCa (n = 38) and non-PCa (n = 76) groups. Compared with the non-PCa group, the PCa group exhibited statistically significant differences in age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA density (PSAD), the proportion of PI-RADS ≥ 3 in mpMRI, and the CONUT score, prostate volume, lymphocyte count, and total cholesterol concentration (p < 0.05). ROC curve analyses indicated the diagnostic accuracy as follows: age (AUC = 0.709), prostate volume (AUC = 0.652), PSA (AUC = 0.689), PSAD (AUC = 0.76), PI-RADS ≥ 3 in mpMRI (AUC = 0.846), and CONUT score (AUC = 0.687). When CONUT score was combined with PSA and PSAD, AUC increased to 0.784. The AUC of CONUT score combined with PSA, PSAD, and mpMRI was 0.881, indicates a higher diagnostic value. Based on the optimal cut-off value of CONUT score, compared with the low CONUT score group, the high CONUT score group has a higher positive rate of PCa diagnosis (p < 0.05). Conclusion CONUT score is an excellent auxiliary index for PCa diagnosis in addition to the commonly used PSA, PSAD, and mpMRI in clinical practice. Further prospective trials with a larger sample size are warranted to confirm the present study findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaguo Huang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji Sun
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Runmiao Hua
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Fan
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liying Zheng
- Department of Graduate, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou, China
| | - Biao Qian
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Warli SM, Firsty NN, Velaro AJ, Tala ZZ. The Olfaction Ability of Medical Detection Canine to Detect Prostate Cancer From Urine Samples: Progress Captured in Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. World J Oncol 2023; 14:358-370. [PMID: 37869239 PMCID: PMC10588501 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To date, early cancer detection is considered vital to reduce the global cancer burden through low-cost, but accurate screening modalities. The anatomical positioning of prostate cancer (PCa) created a potentially distinctive diagnostic method through the identification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urine, which might be detectable not by humans but by canine species. This review aimed to capture the potential of the medical detection canine (MDC) to detect PCa by providing its diagnostic accuracy estimation on urine odor testing. Methods Databases, e.g., MEDLINE, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest, were searched to identify the studies. We focused on accessible original research, comparing the diagnostic utility of trained female MDC and histopathology examination as the gold standard for PCa diagnosis. The statistical analysis was performed in Meta-DiSc 1.4 and presented in diagnostic values, i.e., sensitivity (Sn), specificity (Sp), positive or negative likelihood ratio (LR+ or LR-), diagnostic odd ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) value, to conclude the Sn-Sp in a single outcome. Results Female German Shepherds were the most commonly utilized MDC from the five studies included in the final analysis. We estimate the pooled diagnostic value of eight different MDCs, with the findings as follows: Sn (0.95 (0.94 - 0.97)), Sp (0.92 (0.90 - 0.93)), LR+ (4.48 (1.90 - 10.58)), LR- (0.12 (0.01 - 1.42)), DOR (35.39 (2.90 - 432.53)), and an AUC value of 0.9232. Conclusions MDC's olfaction ability holds considerable potential on its diagnostic accuracies to distinguish the urine of PCa individuals by identifying its volatilome property.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syah Mirsya Warli
- Department of Urology, Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara-Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Naufal Nandita Firsty
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Adrian Joshua Velaro
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu Z, Zhang J, Zhong Y, Mai Y, Huang D, Wei W, Huang J, Zhao P, Lin F, Jin J. Predictive value of the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27244. [PMID: 34559125 PMCID: PMC8462614 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that inflammation and immune system are related to prostate cancer. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), as well as the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), have already been proposed as new indices to help diagnose prostate cancer (PCa). However, the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) with regard to PCa has rarely been mentioned.To investigate the capability of the MLR to predict PCa.Patients who were pathologically diagnosed with PCa in our hospital and healthy control subjects who conformed to the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Patient data were recorded, including age, complete blood counts, blood biochemistry, and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. The differences in these data between the groups were analyzed and the diagnostic value of the MLR was compared with PSA.Our study included a total of 100 patients with PCa and 103 healthy control subjects. Patients with PCa presented with a significantly higher NLR, MLR, and PLR compared to control subjects. However, the hemoglobin and lymphocyte levels were lower (P < .05) in PCa patients. The area under the curve (AUC) of PSA and ratio of free/total serum prostate-specific antigen were 0.899 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.857-0.942) and 0.872 (95% CI: 0.818-0.926), respectively, while the AUC of the MLR was 0.852 (95% CI: 0.798-0.906), which was higher than that of the NLR, PLR, and any other blood parameters. Additionally, the optimal cut-off value of the MLR for PCa was 0.264, with a specificity of 87.4% and a sensitivity of 72.0%. An evaluation of the diagnostic value of MLR + PSA gave an AUC of 0.936 (95% CI: 0.902-0.970). However, the AUC of MLR + PSA + f/tPSA was 0.996 (95% CI: 0.991-1.000). The diagnostic value of MLR + NLR + PSA gave an AUC of 0.945 (95% CI: 0.913-0.977), and the specificity is 0.971.PSA remains the most important diagnostic indicator. MLR combined with PSA and f/tPSA has the higher predictive value than PSA. It suggests that MLR may be another good predictive indicator of PCa. It can help reduce the clinical false positive rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanping Xu
- Department of Urology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Family Planning Research Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yuxiang Zhong
- Department of Urology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yuan Mai
- Department of Urology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Danxuan Huang
- Health Management Center, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Urology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Department of Urology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Pengpeng Zhao
- Department of Urology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Fuxiang Lin
- Department of Urology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jingmiao Jin
- Department of Urology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ozdemir S, Ersay AR, Koc Ozturk F, Ozdemir BS. Predictive value of standard serum markers for bone metastases in prostate cancer. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s12301-021-00170-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The early detection of bone metastases is very important in prostate cancer follow-up. This study aimed to compare conventional tumor markers, namely free prostate-specific antigen (free PSA), total prostate-specific antigen (total PSA), free PSA/total PSA ratio, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) values, Gleason scores and 99 m Tc-MDP bone scintigraphy findings in the prediction of bone metastases in prostate cancer.
Methods
In total, 175 patients with prostate cancer who underwent whole-body bone scintigraphy were included in the study. All selected scintigraphic studies were reprocessed. Free PSA, total PSA, free PSA/total PSA ratio, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) values and Gleason scores of patients were recorded.
Results
The results of our study show that the presence of bone metastasis correlates very weakly with free PSA/total PSA ratio (rho = 0.179), weakly with total PSA (rho = 0.318) and Gleason score (rho = 0.382), moderately with ALP (rho = 0.539), free PSA (0.416). Only ALP variable had a diagnostic value and ALP cutoff value was 76.50 IU/L, with 80% sensitivity and 82.1% specificity.
Conclusion
According to the results of our study; the free PSA, total PSA, free PSA/total PSA ratio and Gleason score values were not considered as a reliable parameter in the prostate cancer cases follow-up for bone metastasis development. Only ALP had a diagnostic value and ALP cutoff value was 76.50 IU / L with 80% sensitivity and 82.1% specificity in predicting bone metastases in prostate cancer.
Collapse
|
5
|
Vanova V, Mitrevska K, Milosavljevic V, Hynek D, Richtera L, Adam V. Peptide-based electrochemical biosensors utilized for protein detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 180:113087. [PMID: 33662844 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Proteins are generally detected as biomarkers for tracing or determining various disorders in organisms. Biomarker proteins can be tracked in samples with various origins and in different concentrations, revealing whether an organism is in a healthy or unhealthy state. In regard to detection, electrochemical biosensors are a potential fusion of electronics, chemistry, and biology, allowing for fast and early point-of-care detection from a biological sample with the advantages of high sensitivity, simple construction, and easy operation. Peptides present a promising approach as a biorecognition element when connected with electrochemical biosensors. The benefits of short peptides lie mainly in their good stability and selective affinity to a target analyte. Therefore, peptide-based electrochemical biosensors (PBEBs) represent an alternative approach for the detection of different protein biomarkers. This review provides a summary of the past decade of recently proposed PBEBs designed for protein detection, dividing them according to different protein types: (i) enzyme detection, including proteases and kinases; (ii) antibody detection; and (iii) other protein detection. According to these protein types, different sensing mechanisms are discussed, such as the peptide cleavage by a proteases, phosphorylation by kinases, presence of antibodies, and exploiting of affinities; furthermore, measurements are obtained by different electrochemical methods. A discussion and comparison of various constructions, modifications, immobilization strategies and different sensing techniques in terms of high sensitivity, selectivity, repeatability, and potential for practical application are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Vanova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Mitrevska
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vedran Milosavljevic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 61 200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David Hynek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 61 200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Richtera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 61 200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 61 200, Brno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hussein AA, Baban RS, Hussein AG. Prostate-specific antigen and (free prostate-specific antigen/ prostate-specific antigen) ratio in patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer. BAGHDAD JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND APPLIED BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.47419/bjbabs.v1i01.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in menworldwide. Many markers are suggested as markers of prostate cancer with differentspecificity and sensitivity.Objective : The present study’s main aim is to examine the possible utility ofprostate-specific antigen indices as markers of prostate cancer.Methods: A case-control study was conducted in the Department of Chemistry andBiochemistry, College of Medicine, Al- Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq from July2018 till March 2019, includes 84 subjects divided into three groups:Twenty Four patients with prostate cancer (PCA), thirty patients with benignprostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and thirty healthy subjects as a control group wereexamined in this study.Thirty healthy volunteer subjects were asked to be involved in this study as a controlgroup. Blood samples from these patients were collected before obtaining a prostaticbiopsy. Serum PSA, fPSA levels were quantified by the ELISA technique.Results: PSA cut-off value was found to be more than 9.57 ng/ml for Prostate Cancerpatients, values range between 3.17 - 9.57 ng/ml for BPH patients and cut-off valuefor control was found to be less than 3.17 ng/ml, while serum (fPSA/PSA) % cut-offvalue was less than 11.1% for Prostate Cancer patients, values range between 11.1% -31 % for BPH patients, and cut-off value was greater than 31% for the control group.Conclusion: There is a highly significant difference in serum PSA levels and(fPSA/PSA)% between the prostate cancer and control groups. Body mass indexshowed an inverse association with the risk of prostate cancer.
Collapse
|
7
|
Fattahi Z, Khosroushahi AY, Hasanzadeh M. Recent progress on developing of plasmon biosensing of tumor biomarkers: Efficient method towards early stage recognition of cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110850. [PMID: 33068930 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second most extended disease with an improved death rate over the past several time. Due to the restrictions of cancer analysis methods, the patient's real survival rate is unknown. Therefore, early stage diagnosis of cancer is crucial for its strong detection. Bio-analysis based on biomarkers may help to overcome the problem Biosensors with high sensitivity and specificity, low-cost, high analysis speed and minimum limit of detection are practical alternatives for laboratory tests. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is reaching a maturity level sufficient for their application in detection and determination cancer biomarkers in clinical samples. This review discusses main concepts and performance characteristics of SPR biosensor. Mainly, it focuses on newly emerged enhanced SPR biosensors towards high-throughput and ultrasensitive screening of cancer biomarkers such as PSA, α-fetoprotein, CEA, CA125, CA 15-3, HER2, ctDNA, ALCAM, hCG, VEGF, TNF, Interleukin, IFN-γ, CD24, CD44, Ferritin, COLIV using labeling processes with focusing on the future application in biomedical research and clinical diagnosis. This article reviews current status of the field, showcasing a series of early successes in the application of SPR for clinical bioanalysis of cancer related biomolecules and detailing a series of considerations regarding sensing schemes, exposing issues with analysis in biofluids, while providing an outlook of the challenges currently associated with plasmonic materials, bioreceptor selection, microfluidics, and validation of a clinical bioassay for applying SPR biosensors to clinical samples. Research opportunities are proposed to further advance the field and transition SPR biosensors from research proof-of-concept stage to actual clinical usage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Fattahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Yari Khosroushahi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hasanzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu L, Lee JR, Hao S, Ling XB, Brooks JD, Wang SX, Gambhir SS. Improved detection of prostate cancer using a magneto-nanosensor assay for serum circulating autoantibodies. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221051. [PMID: 31404106 PMCID: PMC6690541 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To develop a magneto-nanosensor (MNS) based multiplex assay to measure protein and autoantibody biomarkers from human serum for prostate cancer (CaP) diagnosis. Materials and methods A 4-panel MNS autoantibody assay and a MNS protein assay were developed and optimized in our labs. Using these assays, serum concentration of six biomarkers including prostate-specific antigen (PSA) protein, free/total PSA ratio, as well as four autoantibodies against Parkinson disease 7 (PARK7), TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TARDBP), Talin 1 (TLN1), and Caldesmon 1 (CALD1) and were analyzed. Human serum samples from 99 patients (50 with non-cancer and 49 with clinically localized CaP) were evaluated. Results The MNS assay showed excellent performance characteristics and no cross-reactivity. All autoantibody assays showed a statistically significant difference between CaP and non-cancer samples except for PARK7. The most significant difference was the combination of the four autoantibodies as a panel in addition to the free/total PSA ratio. This combination had the highest area under the curve (AUC)– 0.916 in ROC analysis. Conclusions Our results suggest that this autoantibody panel along with PSA and free PSA have potential to segregate patients without cancer from those with prostate cancer with higher sensitivity and specificity than PSA alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Xu
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Bio-X Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Jung-Rok Lee
- Division of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shiying Hao
- Clinical and Translational Research Program, Betty Irene Moore Children's Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
- Departments of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Xuefeng Bruce Ling
- Clinical and Translational Research Program, Betty Irene Moore Children's Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
- Departments of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - James D. Brooks
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Shan X. Wang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Sanjiv Sam Gambhir
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Bio-X Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mavrikou S, Moschopoulou G, Zafeirakis A, Kalogeropoulou K, Giannakos G, Skevis A, Kintzios S. An Ultra-Rapid Biosensory Point-of-Care (POC) Assay for Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Detection in Human Serum. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18113834. [PMID: 30413115 PMCID: PMC6264089 DOI: 10.3390/s18113834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the established routine screening tool for the detection of early-stage prostate cancer. Given the laboratory-centric nature of the process, the development of a portable, ultra rapid high-throughput system for PSA screening is highly desirable. In this study, an advancedpoint-of-care system for PSA detection in human serum was developed based on a cellular biosensor where the cell membrane was modified by electroinserting a specific antibody against PSA. Thirty nine human serum samples were used for validation of this biosensory system for PSA detection. Samples were analyzed in parallel with a standard immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) and an established electrochemical immunoassay was used for comparison purposes. They were classified in three different PSA concentration ranges (0, <4 and ≥4 ng/mL). Cells membrane-engineered with 0.25 μg/mL anti-PSA antibody demonstrated a statistically lower response against the upper (≥4 ng/mL) PSA concentration range. In addition, the cell-based biosensor performed better than the immunosensor in terms of sensitivity and resolution against positive samples containing <4 ng/mL PSA. In spite of its preliminary, proof-of-concept stage of development, the cell-based biosensor could be used as aninitiative for the development of a fast, low-cost, and high-throughput POC screening system for PSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Mavrikou
- Laboratory of Cell Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855Athens, Greece.
| | - Georgia Moschopoulou
- Laboratory of Cell Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855Athens, Greece.
| | | | | | - Georgios Giannakos
- Army Share Fund Hospital of Athens, Monis Petraki 10, 11521 Athens, Greece.
| | - Athanasios Skevis
- Laboratory of Cell Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855Athens, Greece.
| | - Spyridon Kintzios
- Laboratory of Cell Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Canat L, Atalay HA, Can O, Alkan İ, Ötünçtemur A. Serum procalcitonin levels in prostate cancer: A new biomarker? Urologia 2018; 85:46-50. [DOI: 10.1177/0391560317752600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: To examine the role of serum procalcitonin as a biomarker for the detection of prostate cancer in patients with a serum prostate-specific antigen less than 20.0 ng/mL. Methods: The prospective study included patients with a prostate-specific antigen level of 2–20 ng/mL, who underwent prostate biopsy. Clinical and pathological data such as age, prostate volume, prostate-specific antigen, procalcitonin, and Gleason score were reviewed. All patients were divided into three groups with total prostate-specific antigen level between 2 and 4 ng/mL, 4.1 and 10 ng/mL, and 10.1 and 20 ng/mL. Results: Of 227 patients who underwent biopsy, prostate cancer was diagnosed in 74 (32.6%) patients and the remaining 153 patients had a benign condition. The difference in mean serum procalcitonin values was significantly higher in the prostate cancer compared with the benign group (0.06 ± 0.03 vs 0.04 ± 0.03 ng/mL; p = 0.0001). Using a threshold of 0.045 ng/mL, procalcitonin was 54.1% sensitive and 80.3% specific (area under curve = 0.683). Serum procalcitonin levels were not able to differentiate between prostate cancer patients with prostate-specific antigen level of 2–4, 4.1–10, and 10.1–20 ng/mL. Conclusion: Based on this prospective study, procalcitonin can be a novel supplementary biomarker to increase the accuracy of prostate cancer screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lütfi Canat
- Urology Department, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hasan A Atalay
- Urology Department, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Osman Can
- Urology Department, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İlter Alkan
- Urology Department, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alper Ötünçtemur
- Urology Department, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Huang Y, Li ZZ, Huang YL, Song HJ, Wang YJ. Value of free/total prostate-specific antigen (f/t PSA) ratios for prostate cancer detection in patients with total serum prostate-specific antigen between 4 and 10 ng/mL: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e0249. [PMID: 29595681 PMCID: PMC5895418 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate carcinoma is a common disease that occurs in men over 50 years old. Many studies have explored the effect of free/total prostate-specific antigen (f/t PSA) ratio in monitoring prostate cancer. We conducted a meta-analysis to identify the accuracy of the f/t PSA ratio in the diagnosis of prostate cancer in patients who have PSA levels of 4 to 10 ng/mL. METHODS Databases searched included PubMed and OVID databases, from inception to March 2017, after a systematical review, sensitivity, specificity, and other measures of accuracy of the f/t PSA ratio in the diagnosis of prostate cancer were pooled. We used summary receiver operating characteristic curves to summarize overall test performance. RESULTS Fifteen case-control studies from 14 articles were identified. The results indicated that the sensitivity of the f/t PSA ratio in the diagnosis of prostate cancer ranged from 0.5 to 0.94 (pooled sensitivity 0.70, 95% CI: 0.67-0.72), whereas its specificity ranged from 0.31 to 0.93 (pooled specificity 0.55, 95% CI: 0.57-0.60). The positive likelihood ratio was 1.85 (95% CI: 1.56-2.20), negative likelihood ratio was 0.42 (95% CI: 0.34-0.53), and diagnostic odds ratio was 4.81 (9.53% CI: 3.33-6.94). CONCLUSIONS The f/t PSA ratio determination has a low sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of prostate cancer; it would not be useful for the diagnosis of prostate cancer by itself. The results of f/t PSA ratio measurements should refer to the clinical manifestations and the results of conventional tests such as biopsies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Health Management Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University
| | - Zhen-Zhen Li
- Health Management Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University
| | - Ya-Liang Huang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital/Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University
| | - Hong-Jun Song
- Out-patient Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - You-Juan Wang
- Health Management Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts prostatic carcinoma in men undergoing needle biopsy. Oncotarget 2016; 6:32169-76. [PMID: 26359354 PMCID: PMC4741667 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a simple marker of systemic inflammatory response, has been demonstrated as an independent prognosticator for some solid malignancies, including prostate cancer. In the present study, we evaluated the role of NLR in men who underwent prostate needle biopsy for their initial diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma. Both complete blood counts and free/total (F/T) prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ratio were examined in a total of 3,011 men in our institution. Of these, 1,207 had a PSA level between 4 and 10 ng/mL, and 357 of 810 who subsequently underwent prostate needle biopsy were found to have prostatic adenocarcinoma. NLR value was significantly higher in men with PSA of ≥ 20 ng/mL than in those with PSA of < 20 ng/mL (p < 0.001). NLR was also significantly higher in men with positive biopsy than in those with negative biopsy (p < 0.001). Using NLR cut-off point of 2.40 determined by the AUROC curve, positive/negative predictive values of NLR alone and NLR combined with F/T PSA ratio (cut-off: 0.15) were 56.6%/60.8% and 80.7%/60.1%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that not only F/T PSA ratio (HR = 3.13) but also NLR (HR = 2.21) was an independent risk factor for prostate cancer. NLR is thus likely elevated in patients with prostate cancer. Accordingly, NLR, with or without combination with F/T PSA ratio, may function as a new biomarker to predict prostate cancer in men undergoing prostate needle biopsy.
Collapse
|
13
|
Lack of an Association between Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and PSA Failure of Prostate Cancer Patients Who Underwent Radical Prostatectomy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:6197353. [PMID: 27200375 PMCID: PMC4855032 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6197353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), which can be easily calculated from routine complete blood counts of the peripheral blood, has been suggested to serve as a prognostic factor for some solid malignancies. In the present study, we aimed to determine the relationship between NLR in prostate cancer patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) and their prognosis. Materials and Methods. We assessed NLR in 73 men (patients) who received RP for their prostate cancer. We also performed immunohistochemistry for CD8 and CD66b in a separate set of RP specimens. Results. The median NLR in the 73 patients was 1.85. There were no significant correlations of NLR with tumor grade (p = 0.834), pathological T stage (p = 0.082), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.062), or resection margin status (p = 0.772). Based on the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) to predict biochemical recurrence after RP, potential NLR cut-off point was determined to be 2.88 or 3.88. However, both of these cut-off points did not precisely predict the prognosis. There were no statistically significant differences in the number of CD66b-positive neutrophils or CD8-positive lymphocytes between stromal tissues adjacent to cancer glands and stromal tissues away from cancer glands and between different grades or stages of tumors. Conclusions. There was no association between NLR and biochemical failure after prostatectomy.
Collapse
|
14
|
Maeda Y, Kawahara T, Kumano Y, Ohtaka M, Kondo T, Mochizuki T, Hattori Y, Teranishi JI, Miyoshi Y, Yumura Y, Miyamoto H, Yao M, Uemura H. The Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio before Repeat Prostate Needle Biopsy for Predicting Prostate Cancer. Urol Int 2015; 96:123-4. [DOI: 10.1159/000442895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
15
|
Wu CC, Lin HY, Wang CP, Lu LF, Yu TH, Hung WC, Houng JY, Chung FM, Lee YJ, Hu JJ. Evaluation of a rapid quantitative determination method of PSA concentration with gold immunochromatographic strips. BMC Urol 2015; 15:109. [PMID: 26530738 PMCID: PMC4630854 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-015-0105-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer remains the most common cancer in men. Qualitative or semi-quantitative immunochromatographic measurements of prostate specific antigen (PSA) have been shown to be simple, noninvasive and feasible. The aim of this study was to evaluate an optimized gold immunochromatographic strip device for the detection of PSA, in which the results can be analysed using a Chromogenic Rapid Test Reader to quantitatively assess the test results. METHODS This reader measures the reflectance of the signal line via a charge-coupled device camera. For quantitative analysis, PSA concentration was computed via a calibration equation. Capillary blood samples from 305 men were evaluated, and two independent observers interpreted the test results after 12 min. Blood samples were also collected and tested with a conventional quantitative assay. RESULTS Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy of the PSA rapid quantitative test system were 100, 96.6, 89.5, 100, and 97.4 %, respectively. Reproducibility of the test was 99.2, and interobserver variation was 8 % with a false positive rate of 3.4 %. The correlation coefficient between the ordinary quantitative assay and the rapid quantitative test was 0.960. CONCLUSIONS The PSA rapid quantitative test system provided results quickly and was easy to use, so that tests using this system can be easily performed at outpatient clinics or elsewhere. This system may also be useful for initial cancer screening and for point-of-care testing, because results can be obtained within 12 min and at a cost lower than that of conventional quantitative assays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ching Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan. .,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Yu Lin
- Department of Urology, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Chao-Ping Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Fen Lu
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Teng-Hung Yu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chin Hung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Jer-Yiing Houng
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering and I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Fu-Mei Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Yau-Jiunn Lee
- Lee's Endocrinology Clinic, Pingtung, 90000, Taiwan.
| | - Jin-Jia Hu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Age-Specific Cutoff Value for the Application of Percent Free Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) in Chinese Men with Serum PSA Levels of 4.0-10.0 ng/ml. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130308. [PMID: 26091007 PMCID: PMC4474838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The influence of age on the performance of percent free prostate-specific antigen (%fPSA) in diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa) in East Asians is controversial. We tested the diagnostic performance of %fPSA in a multi-center biopsy cohort in China and identified the proper age-specific cutoff values to avoid unnecessary biopsies. METHODS Consecutive patients with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of 4.0-10.0 ng/ml or 10.1-20.0 ng/ml who underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided or transperineal prostate biopsy were enrolled from 22 Chinese medical centers from Jan 1, 2010 to Dec 31, 2013. The diagnostic accuracy of PSA and %fPSA was determined using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). Age-specific cutoff values were calculated using ROC curve analysis. RESULTS The median %fPSA was much lower in younger patients compared with older patients with a PSA level of 4.0-10.0 ng/ml or 10.1-20.0 ng/ml. The AUC of %fPSA was higher than PSA only in older patients. In patients aged 50 to 59 years, %fPSA failed to improve the diagnosis compared with PSA in these two PSA ranges. Age-specific cutoff values were 24%, 27% and 32% for patients aged 60-69, 70-79 and ≥80 years, respectively, to reduce unnecessary biopsies in men with PSA levels of 4.0-10.0 ng/ml to detect 90% of all PCa. CONCLUSIONS The effectiveness of %fPSA is correlated with age in the Chinese population. Age-specific cutoff values would help avoid unnecessary biopsies in the Chinese population.
Collapse
|
17
|
Chang CC, Lee YC, Tsai HW, Yii SC, Yen TH, Chu FY. Diagnostic Role of Serum Free-to-Total Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Ratio in Prostate Cancer with Serum Total Concentration of PSA below 4 ng/mL. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:5261-5264. [PMID: 26225663 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.13.5261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the effectiveness of serum free-to-total prostate specific antigen ratio (%fPSA) for the detection of prostate cancer (PCa) in men with different serum total PSA (tPSA) categories. MATERIALS AND METHODS From January 2010 to December 2013, a total of 225 patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) underwent tPSA and %fPSA measurements. Histological examination with calculation of Gleason score and whole body bone scans were performed in identified cases of PCa. RESULTS PCa was diagnosed in 44 (19.6%) patients and the remaining 181 patients had benign prostate disease. PCa was detected in 5 (23.8%), 13 (8.7%) and 26 (47.3%) cases with tPSA level ranges≤4 ng/ml, 4 to 10 ng/ml and >10 ng/ml, respectively. The average Gleason score was 7.2±0.2. Some 6 (13.6%) out of 44 PCa patients had bone metastases. The sensitivity was 80% and specificity was 81.3% at the cut-off %fPSA of 15% in PCa patients with a tPSA level below 4 ng/ mL. A lower %fPSA was associated with PCa patients with Gleason score≥7 than those with Gleason score≤6 (11.7±0.98 vs. 16.5±2.25%, P=0.029). No obvious relation of %fPSA to the incidence of bone metastasis was apparent in this study. CONCLUSIONS The clinical application of %fPSA could help to discriminate PCa from benign prostate disease in men with a tPSA concentration below 4 ng/mL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chun Chang
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan E-mail :
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|