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Lai H, Chen X, Huang W, Xie Z, Yan Y, Kang M, Zhang Y, Huang J, Zeng X. Whether Patients with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Walking at a Fast Speed Show more Kinematic Asymmetries? Orthop Surg 2024; 16:864-872. [PMID: 38384169 PMCID: PMC10984808 DOI: 10.1111/os.14017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Knee kinematic asymmetries after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are correlated with poor clinical outcomes, such as the progression of knee cartilage degenerations or reinjuries. Fast walking in patients with knee conditions may exacerbate knee kinematic asymmetries, but its impact on ACLR patients is uncertain. The aim of this study is to investigate if fast walking induces more knee kinematic asymmetries in unilateral ACLR patients. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 55 patients with unilateral ACLR from January 2020 to July 2022. There were 48 males and seven females with an average age of 30.6 ± 6.4 years. Knee kinematic data were collected at three walking speeds: self-selected, fast (150% normal), and slow (50% normal). A 3D knee kinematic analysis system measured the data, and self-reported outcomes assessed comfort levels during walking. We used SPM1D for two-way repeated ANOVA and posthoc paired t-tests to analyze kinematic differences in groups. RESULTS In fast walking, ACLR knees exhibited more transverse kinematic asymmetries than intact knees, including greater external rotation angle (1.8°, 38%-43%; gait cycle [GC], p < 0.05 & 1.8-2.7°, 50%-61% GC, p < 0.05) and increased proximal tibial translation (2.1-2.5 mm, 2%-6% GC, p < 0.05 & 2.5-3.2 mm, 92%-96% GC, p < 0.05). Additionally, ACLR knees showed greater posterior tibial translation than intact knees (3.6-3.7 mm, 7%-8% GC, p < 0.05) during fast walking. No posterior tibial translation asymmetries were observed in slow walking compared to normal walking levels. ACLR knees have the most comfortable feelings in slow walking speed, and the most uncomfortable feelings in fast walking speed levels (29%). CONCLUSIONS Fast walking induces additional external tibial rotation and proximal and posterior tibial translation asymmetries in ACLR patients. This raises concerns about long-term safety and health during fast walking. Fast walking, not self-selected speed, is beneficial for identifying postoperative gait asymmetries in ACLR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahao Lai
- Department of Bone OncologyGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineHuizhou Central People's HospitalHuizhouChina
| | - Wenhan Huang
- Department of Bone OncologyGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhenyan Xie
- Department of Bone OncologyGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yuan Yan
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryHuizhou Central People's HospitalHuizhouChina
| | - Ming Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryHuizhou Central People's HospitalHuizhouChina
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Bone OncologyGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiehua Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryHuizhou Central People's HospitalHuizhouChina
| | - Xiaolong Zeng
- Department of OrthopaedicsGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
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Kong L, Yang T, Wang Q, Ou Y, Huang H, Huang W, Zhang T, Zhang Y, Zeng X. ACLD patients exhibit additional knee kinematic asymmetries at the speed level of healthy subjects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:930722. [PMID: 36082158 PMCID: PMC9445214 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.930722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament deficiency (ACLD) patients tend to walk slowly but try to catch up with the speed level of healthy subjects daily. Exploring the effects of the walking speed level of healthy subjects on the ACLD patients’ knee kinematics is important to improving non-operative treatments and delaying the progression of posttraumatic knee osteoarthritis. This study aimed to explore whether healthy controls’ walking speed level leads to additional knee kinematic asymmetries in patients with ACLD. 27 ACLD patients and 29 healthy controls were recruited for the study. The ACLD patients walked at two levels of walking speed, including self-selected and healthy controls’ walking speed levels. A three-dimensional gait analysis system was used to collect their knee kinematic data. ACLD patients exhibited more kinematic asymmetries when walking at healthy controls’ walking speed level than at their self-selected speeds. The kinematic asymmetries included increased posterior tibial translation (4.6 mm) and anteroposterior tibial ROM (3.9 mm), abduction angle (1.5°), and distal tibial translation (3.2 mm) asymmetries (p < 0.05). Our findings are meaningful for developing non-operative treatment strategies for patients with ACLD. To get fewer knee kinematic asymmetries, self-selected walking speed could be suggested for patients with ACLD daily rather than the speed levels of healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingchuang Kong
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Ou
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huayang Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhan Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Tao Zhang, ; Yu Zhang, ; Xiaolong Zeng,
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Tao Zhang, ; Yu Zhang, ; Xiaolong Zeng,
| | - Xiaolong Zeng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Tao Zhang, ; Yu Zhang, ; Xiaolong Zeng,
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Garcia SA, Brown SR, Koje M, Krishnan C, Palmieri-Smith RM. Gait asymmetries are exacerbated at faster walking speeds in individuals with acute anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:219-230. [PMID: 34101887 PMCID: PMC8651805 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous research suggests more biomechanically demanding tasks (e.g., stair descent, hopping) magnify biomechanical asymmetries compared with walking after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. However, it is unclear if modifying task-specific constraints, like walking speed also elicits greater biomechanical asymmetries in this population. We examined the effects of manipulating walking speed on ground reaction force (GRF) asymmetries in individuals with ACL reconstruction and uninjured controls. Thirty individuals with ACL reconstruction (age = 20.6 ± 5.4 years, body mass index [BMI] = 23.9 ± 3.3 kg/m2 ) and 15 controls (age = 23.1 ± 4.5 years, BMI = 23.6 ± 2.7 kg/m2 ) were tested on an instrumented treadmill at three speeds (100%, 120%, and 80% self-selected speed). Bilateral vertical and posterior-anterior GRFs were recorded at each speed. GRF asymmetries were calculated by subtracting the uninjured from the injured limb at each percent of stance. Statistical parametric mapping was used to evaluate the effects of speed on GRF asymmetries across stance. We found vertical and posterior GRF asymmetries were exacerbated at faster speeds and reduced at slower speeds in ACL individuals but not controls (p < .05). No differences in anterior GRF asymmetries were observed between speeds in either group (p > .05). Our results suggest increasing walking speed magnifies GRF asymmetries in individuals with ACL reconstruction. Statement of Clinical Significance: Evaluating both preferred and fast walking speeds may aid in characterizing biomechanical asymmetries in individuals with ACL reconstruction which may be valuable in earlier rehabilitative time points when more difficult tasks like hopping and running are not feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Garcia
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Orthopedic Rehabilitation & Biomechanics (ORB) Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Scott R Brown
- Department of Kinesiology, Aquinas College, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Mary Koje
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Neuromuscular & Rehabilitation Robotics (NeuRRo) Laboratory, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Chandramouli Krishnan
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Neuromuscular & Rehabilitation Robotics (NeuRRo) Laboratory, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Robotics Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Riann M Palmieri-Smith
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Orthopedic Rehabilitation & Biomechanics (ORB) Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Soulard J, Vaillant J, Baillet A, Gaudin P, Vuillerme N. The effects of a secondary task on gait in axial spondyloarthritis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19537. [PMID: 34599222 PMCID: PMC8486771 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98732-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies on the effects of dual tasking in patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases are limited. The aim of this study was to assess dual tasking while walking in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) in comparison to healthy controls. Thirty patients with axSpA and thirty healthy controls underwent a 10-m walk test at a self-selected comfortable walking speed in single- and dual-task conditions. Foot-worn inertial sensors were used to compute spatiotemporal gait parameters. Analysis of spatiotemporal gait parameters showed that the secondary manual task negatively affected walking performance in terms of significantly decreased mean speed (p < 0.001), stride length (p < 0.001) and swing time (p = 0.008) and increased double support (p = 0.002) and stance time (p = 0.008). No significant interaction of group and condition was observed. Both groups showed lower gait performance in dual task condition by reducing speed, swing time and stride length, and increasing double support and stance time. Patients with axSpA were not more affected by the dual task than matched healthy controls, suggesting that the secondary manual task did not require greater attention in patients with axSpA. Increasing the complexity of the walking and/or secondary task may increase the sensitivity of the dual-task design to axial spondyloarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Soulard
- University Grenoble Alpes, AGEIS, Grenoble, France.
- CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
| | | | - Athan Baillet
- CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG UMR5525, Grenoble, France
| | - Philippe Gaudin
- CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG UMR5525, Grenoble, France
| | - Nicolas Vuillerme
- University Grenoble Alpes, AGEIS, Grenoble, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- LabCom Telecom4Health, Orange Labs & Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Inria, Grenoble INP-UGA, Grenoble, France
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Dasgupta P, Hughes JA, Daley M, Sejdić E. Is Human Walking a Network Medicine Problem? An Analysis Using Symbolic Regression Models with Genetic Programming. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 206:106104. [PMID: 33951562 PMCID: PMC8205964 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2021.106104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Human walking is typically assessed using a sensor placed on the lower back or the hip. Such analyses often ignore that the arms, legs, and body trunk movements all have significant roles during walking; in other words, these body nodes with accelerometers form a body sensor network (BSN). BSN refers to a network of wearable sensors or devices on the human body that collects physiological signals. Our study proposes that human locomotion could be considered as a network of well-connected nodes. METHODS While hypothesizing that accelerometer data can model this BSN, we collected accelerometer signals from six body areas from ten healthy participants performing a cognitive task. Machine learning based on genetic programming was used to produce a collection of non-linear symbolic models of human locomotion. RESULTS With implications in precision medicine, our primary finding was that our BSN models fit the data from the lower back's accelerometer and describe subject-specific data the best compared to all other models. Across subjects, models were less effective due to the diversity of human sizes. CONCLUSIONS A BSN relationship between all six body nodes has been shown to describe the subject-specific data, which indicates that the network-medicine relationship between these nodes is essential in adequately describing human walking. Our gait analyses can be used for several clinical applications such as medical diagnostics as well as creating a baseline for healthy walking with and without a cognitive load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritika Dasgupta
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
| | - James Alexander Hughes
- Department of Computer Science, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, B2G 2W5, Canada
| | - Mark Daley
- Department of Computer Science, Middlesex College, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Ervin Sejdić
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
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6
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Wohl TR, Criss CR, Grooms DR. Visual Perturbation to Enhance Return to Sport Rehabilitation after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Clinical Commentary. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2021; 16:552-564. [PMID: 33842051 PMCID: PMC8016421 DOI: 10.26603/001c.21251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are common traumatic knee injuries causing joint instability, quadriceps muscle weakness and impaired motor coordination. The neuromuscular consequences of injury are not limited to the joint and surrounding musculature, but may modulate central nervous system reorganization. Neuroimaging data suggest patients with ACL injuries may require greater levels of visual-motor and neurocognitive processing activity to sustain lower limb control relative to healthy matched counterparts. Therapy currently fails to adequately address these nuanced consequences of ACL injury, which likely contributes to impaired neuromuscular control when visually or cognitively challenged and high rates of re-injury. This gap in rehabilitation may be filled by visual perturbation training, which may reweight sensory neural processing toward proprioception and reduce the dependency on vision to perform lower extremity motor tasks and/or increase visuomotor processing efficiency. This clinical commentary details a novel approach to supplement the current standard of care for ACL injury by incorporating stroboscopic glasses with key motor learning principles customized to target visual and cognitive dependence for motor control after ACL injury. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Wohl
- Honors Tutorial College, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA; Division of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Cody R Criss
- Ohio Musculoskeletal & Neurological Institute, Ohio University, Grover Center, Athens, OH, USA; Translational Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Dustin R Grooms
- Ohio Musculoskeletal & Neurological Institute, Ohio University, Grover Center, Athens, OH, USA; Division of Athletic Training, School of Applied Health Sciences and Wellness, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Grover Center, Athens, OH, USA; Division of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation and Communication Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Grover Center, Athens, OH, USA
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Nazary-Moghadam S, Imani E, Sayyed Hosseinian SH, Zeinalzadeh A, Karimpour S, Negahban H. Visuomotor reaction time difference between patellofemoral pain syndrome and healthy individuals: Cross-sectional study. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2021; 27:274-280. [PMID: 34391245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although many studies indicated a decreased reaction time in post-traumatic complaints including ACL injury, no study has been devoted to measure reaction time in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). The purpose of the present study was to compare the visuomotor reaction time between PFPS and healthy individuals. METHODS Twenty five patients with PFPS (20 women and 5 men, mean age 29.28 years, SD 5.59) and 25 healthy controls (19 women, 6 men, mean age 29.32, years SD 5.30) were recruited in the present study. The dependent variables were upper extremity reaction time, upper extremity error rate, knee extension reaction time in both involved and non-involved legs, plantar flexion reaction time in both involved and non-involved legs. RESULTS The results of one-way multiple analysis of variance showed that patients with PFPS had slower upper extremity reaction time (P=0.047, Effect size (ES)=0.39) and plantar flexion reaction time (symptomatic side) (P<0.001, ES=0.77) as compared with healthy control. The symptomatic knee extension reaction time was slower than the healthy matched leg, but this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.296, ES= 0.19). CONCLUSION The present study suggests that the reaction time might be considered as a factor associated with PFPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Nazary-Moghadam
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Vakilabad Blvd, Bahonar Blvd, Pardis Campus, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Esmaeel Imani
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Vakilabad Blvd, Bahonar Blvd, Pardis Campus, Mashhad, Iran.
| | | | - Afsaneh Zeinalzadeh
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Vakilabad Blvd, Bahonar Blvd, Pardis Campus, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Samira Karimpour
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Vakilabad Blvd, Bahonar Blvd, Pardis Campus, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hosein Negahban
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Vakilabad Blvd, Bahonar Blvd, Pardis Campus, Mashhad, Iran
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Abdallat R, Sharouf F, Button K, Al-Amri M. Dual-Task Effects on Performance of Gait and Balance in People with Knee Pain: A Systematic Scoping Review. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E1554. [PMID: 32455597 PMCID: PMC7291062 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual-task paradigms have been increasingly used to assess the interaction between cognitive demands and the control of balance and gait. The interaction between functional and cognitive demands can alter movement patterns and increase knee instability in individuals with knee conditions, such as knee anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury or osteoarthritis (OA). However, there is no consensus on the effects of dual-task on gait mechanics and balance in those individuals. This systematic scoping review aims to examine the impact of dual-task gait and standing balance on motor and cognitive performance in individuals with knee OA or ACL injury. A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE electronic databases up until December 2019 was carried out. Inclusion criteria was limited to include dual-task studies that combined cognitive tasks performed simultaneously with gait or standing balance in individuals with knee OA or ACL injuries. In total, fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria, nine articles examined dual-task effects on balance, and six articles reported the effects of dual-task on gait. The total number of individuals included was 230 individuals with ACL injuries, and 168 individuals with knee OA. A decline in gait and balance performance during dual-task testing is present among individuals with ACL injury and/or ACL reconstruction and knee OA. Further research is required, but dual taking assessment could potentially be used to identify individuals at risk of falling or further injury and could be used to develop targeted rehabilitation protocols. A variety of outcome measures have been used across the studies included, making comparisons difficult. The authors, therefore, recommend developing a standardized set of biomechanical balance variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rula Abdallat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13115, Jordan;
| | - Feras Sharouf
- Brain Repair & Intracranial Neurotherapeutics (BRAIN) Unit, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK;
| | - Kate Button
- School of Healthcare Sciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 0AB, Wales, UK;
- Biomechanics and Bioengineering Centre Versus Arthritis, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, Wales, UK
| | - Mohammad Al-Amri
- School of Healthcare Sciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 0AB, Wales, UK;
- Biomechanics and Bioengineering Centre Versus Arthritis, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, Wales, UK
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Reliability of Knee Flexion-Extension Lyapunov Exponent in People With and Without Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficiency. J Sport Rehabil 2020; 29:253-256. [PMID: 31094623 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2018-0468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study assessed the intrasession and intersession reliability of the knee flexion-extension Lyapunov exponent in patients with anterior cruciate ligament deficiency and healthy individuals. STUDY DESIGN University research laboratory. METHODS Kinematic data were collected in 14 patients with anterior cruciate ligament deficiency and 14 healthy individuals walked on a treadmill at a self-selected, low, and high speed, with and without cognitive load. The intraclass correlation coefficient, standard error of measurement, minimal metrically detectable change, and percentage of coefficient of variation were calculated to assess the reliability. RESULTS The knee flexion-extension Lyapunov exponent had high intrasession reliability, with intraclass correlation coefficients ranging from .83 to .98. In addition, the intersession intraclass correlation coefficient values of these measurements ranged from .35 to .85 regardless of group, gait speed, and dual tasking. In general, relative and absolute reliability were higher in the patients with anterior cruciate ligament deficiency than in the healthy individuals. CONCLUSIONS Although knee flexion-extension Lyapunov exponent demonstrates good intrasession reliability, its low intersession reliability indicates that changes of these measurements between different days should be interpreted with caution.
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Strongman C, Morrison A. A scoping review of non-linear analysis approaches measuring variability in gait due to lower body injury or dysfunction. Hum Mov Sci 2020; 69:102562. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2019.102562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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