1
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Habashy NH, Olleak SA, Abu-Serie MM, Shaban NZ. A new approach for the treatment of bleomycin-induced rat pulmonary injury by combined protein fraction of major royal jelly protein 2 and its isoform X1. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115578. [PMID: 37742609 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, royal jelly (RJ) has gained great interest as a functional food due to its valuable pharmacological effects. We investigated the therapeutic potency of combined protein fraction (PF50) of major RJ protein 2 and its isoform X1 on bleomycin (Bleo)-induced pulmonary injury in rats. Our study examined the impact of PF50 on pulmonary oxidative and inflammatory stress as well as smooth muscle alpha-actin (α-SMA). In addition, the predicted impacts of this PF on the activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)- 8 and 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) and the E-type prostanoid 2 (EP2) and IL-13 α2 subunit (IL13α2R) receptors, were evaluated using molecular docking. The results showed that PF50 reduced pulmonary inflammatory cells and their secreted pro-inflammatory mediators, including NF-κB, IKK, IL-4, IL-6, and NO. Additionally, the levels of IgE and mucin were diminished after treatment with PF50. Moreover, PF50 treatment improved pulmonary oxidative stress indices such as lipid peroxidation, GSH, SOD, and GPX. The histopathological findings, chest conventional X-ray, and immunohistochemistry of α-SMA confirmed the ameliorating effect of PF50. The docking outcomes reported the probable competitive inhibitory influence of PF50 on MMP-8 and a postulated blocking effect on EP2 and IL13α2R. Thus, PF50 could be a novel approach for treating pulmonary injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha H Habashy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Shaimaa A Olleak
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering, and Biotechnology Research Institute, City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, 21934 Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Nadia Z Shaban
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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2
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Ruffier d'Epenoux L, Fayoux E, Bémer P, Biering V, Bonte A, Elaiba Y, Robert M, Guillouzouic A, Tessier E, Persyn E, Corvec S. Development and evaluation of automated synovial fluid total cell count on an Iris iQ® 200 for identifying patients at risk of septic arthritis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2023:10.1007/s10096-023-04628-3. [PMID: 37256456 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-023-04628-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Septic arthritis is a diagnostic emergency. The white blood cell (WBC) count, in synovial fluid (SF), can guide the diagnosis. From November 2021 to November 2022, we included 350 SF. The WBC count was performed with the Iris iQ® 200 compared with the manual method. Automated and manual counts displayed good correlation. However, a Bland Altman plot demonstrates a higher percentage difference at higher WBC counts. The use of Iris iQ® 200 for SF analysis enables a rapid and accurate assessment for WBC count. Its implementation would advantageously replace the long and tedious optical analysis in daily routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ruffier d'Epenoux
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, INSERM, INCIT UMR 1302, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - E Fayoux
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - P Bémer
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - V Biering
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - A Bonte
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Y Elaiba
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - M Robert
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - A Guillouzouic
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - E Tessier
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - E Persyn
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - S Corvec
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, INSERM, INCIT UMR 1302, F-44000, Nantes, France.
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3
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Repositioning itraconazole for amelioration of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis: Targeting HMGB1/TLR4 Axis, NLRP3 inflammasome/NF-κB signaling, and autophagy. Life Sci 2023; 313:121288. [PMID: 36528079 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Bleomycin (BLM) is one of the antitumor medications that had proven efficacy in the treatment of a wide range of malignant conditions. Pulmonary fibrosis which is frequently encountered during the course of bleomycin therapy may significantly reduce the potential efficacy of bleomycin in cancer therapy. This study tested the hypothesis that itraconazole may have mitigating effects on BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis and tried to delineate the potential mechanisms of these effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a rat model of pulmonary fibrosis elicited by BLM, the effect of different doses of itraconazole was explored at the biochemical, histopathological, and electron microscopic levels. KEY FINDINGS Itraconazole, in a dose-dependent manner, exhibited significant effects on the pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance, the inflammatory consequences, high-mobility group box 1/toll-like receptor-4 Axis, autophagy and nuclear factor kappa B/Nod-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome signaling and alleviated the histopathological, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic perturbations induced by BLM in the pulmonary tissues. SIGNIFICANCE In view of the afore-mentioned data, itraconazole may be a promising drug that efficiently mitigates the deleterious effects of BLM on the pulmonary tissues.
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4
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The Graphical Representation of Cell Count Representation: A New Procedure for the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infections. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10040346. [PMID: 33804988 PMCID: PMC8063952 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10040346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study was designed to answer the question whether a graphical representation increase the diagnostic value of automated leucocyte counting of the synovial fluid in the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections (PJI). Material and methods: Synovial aspirates from 322 patients (162 women, 160 men) with revisions of 192 total knee and 130 hip arthroplasties were analysed with microbiological cultivation, determination of cell counts and assay of the biomarker alpha-defensin (170 cases). In addition, microbiological and histological analysis of the periprosthetic tissue obtained during the revision surgery was carried out using the ICM classification and the histological classification of Morawietz and Krenn. The synovial aspirates were additionally analysed to produce dot plot representations (LMNE matrices) of the cells and particles in the aspirates using the hematology analyser ABX Pentra XL 80. Results: 112 patients (34.8%) had an infection according to the ICM criteria. When analysing the graphical LMNE matrices from synovia cell counting, four types could be differentiated: the type “wear particles” (I) in 28.3%, the type “infection” (II) in 24.8%, the “combined” type (III) in 15.5% and “indeterminate” type (IV) in 31.4%. There was a significant correlation between the graphical LMNE-types and the histological types of Morawietz and Krenn (p < 0.001 and Cramer test V value of 0.529). The addition of the LMNE-Matrix assessment increased the diagnostic value of the cell count and the cut-off value of the WBC count could be set lower by adding the LMNE-Matrix to the diagnostic procedure. Conclusion: The graphical representation of the cell count analysis of synovial aspirates is a new and helpful method for differentiating between real periprosthetic infections with an increased leukocyte count and false positive data resulting from wear particles. This new approach helps to increase the diagnostic value of cell count analysis in the diagnosis of PJI.
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5
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La'ulu SL, Turner DR, Zupan E, Genzen JR. Pretreatment of Body Fluid Specimens Using Hyaluronidase and Ultracentrifugation. Lab Med 2021; 52:469-476. [PMID: 33560339 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmaa115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Viscous body fluids present challenges during clinical laboratory testing. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of hyaluronidase (HYAL) and ultracentrifugation (UC) pretreatment for a variety of body fluids before clinical chemistry testing. METHODS The following body fluids were evaluated: biliary/hepatic, cerebrospinal, dialysate, drain, pancreatic, pericardial, peritoneal/ascites, pleural, synovial, and vitreous. Analytes assessed included amylase, total bilirubin, cancer antigen 19-9, carcinoembryonic antigen, cholesterol, chloride, creatinine, glucose, lactate dehydrogenase, lipase, potassium, rheumatoid factor, sodium, total protein, triglycerides, urea nitrogen, and uric acid. RESULTS Observed percentage differences between HYAL treated and untreated fluids were less than ±15% for all analytes investigated, with a small number showing statistical significance (P <.05). In addition, UC showed increased variability for limited body fluid/analyte combinations. CONCLUSION The HYAL treatment effectively reduced viscosity for body fluids. Validation of specimen pretreatment processes ensures acceptable analytical performance and the absence of unanticipated interferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia L La'ulu
- ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | | | - Jonathan R Genzen
- ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Salt Lake City, Utah.,ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Department of Pathology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
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6
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Saadalla A, Jara Aguirre J, Wockenfus AM, Kelley BR, Swanson RL, Howard MT, Karon BS. Evaluation of automated synovial fluid total cell count and percent polymorphonuclear leukocytes on a Sysmex XN-1000 analyzer for identifying patients at risk of septic arthritis. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 510:416-420. [PMID: 32763227 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Total cell counts (TC-BF) and percent polymorphonuclear cells (%PMN) of synovial fluid (SF) aspirates provide important cues for the timely diagnosis and management of septic arthritis. To facilitate faster turnaround time, we compared automated to manual TC-BF and differential counts in order to identify reporting cut-offs for automated TC-BF and %PMN that would allow release of automated results concordant with manual counts and differentials. METHODS Automated TC-BF and %PMN counts of a non-validated analyzer (Analyzer-B in STAT laboratory) were compared to a validated analyzer (Analyzer-A) and manual TC-BF counts and cytospin differentials. Concordance and %differences of Analyzer-B versus Analyzer-A and manual counts were assessed by linear regression analysis and Bland-Altman comparison. RESULTS Overall, automated and manual counts displayed good correlation. A majority of samples demonstrated unacceptable (>20%) differences between automated and manual counts at lower TC-BF (<10,000 cells/μl) and %PMN (<60%). CONCLUSIONS Based on good overall correlation and fewer samples with unacceptable (>20%) differences between automated and manual counts, we adopted TC-BF > 10,000 cells/μl and %PMN > 60% as cutoffs for reporting automated counts. These cutoffs minimize differences between automated and manual cell counts and differentials and would allow rapid automated reporting in the vast majority of septic arthritis cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Saadalla
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Jose Jara Aguirre
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Amy M Wockenfus
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Brandon R Kelley
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Rebecca L Swanson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Matthew T Howard
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Brad S Karon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
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7
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Deirmengian CA, Kazarian GS, Feeley SP, Sizer SC. False-Positive Automated Synovial Fluid White Blood Cell Counting Is a Concern for Both Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Aspirates. J Arthroplasty 2020; 35:S304-S307. [PMID: 32113809 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2020.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although false elevation of automated leukocyte (white blood cell [WBC]) counts has been described in the setting of hip corrosion, the more general correlation between manual and automated cell counts among synovial fluid aspirates from hip and knee arthroplasties has not been studied. METHODS This retrospective review at one laboratory identified 8607 consecutive synovial fluid samples from arthroplasties and 812 from native knees, each with an automated WBC count > 3000 cells/μL and a corresponding paired reflex manual count. The correlation between automated and manual counts was evaluated, as was the rate of false-positive automated WBC counts. RESULTS The correlation between automated WBC counts for native knees, total knee arthroplasties, and total hip arthroplasties was near-perfect, strong, and moderate, respectively. The false-positive rates for automated counts were 4.4%, 10.1%, and 34.3%, respectively (P < .0001). International Consensus Meeting scores and culture positivity demonstrated that manual counts, not automated counts, were correct. CONCLUSION The presence of a hip or knee arthroplasty appears to substantially increase the risk of a false-positive automated synovial fluid WBC count. Clinicians evaluating an arthroplasty should exercise caution when interpreting positive automated WBC counts, and consider requesting a reflex manual count, to verify the accuracy of automated cell counting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl A Deirmengian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Rothman Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Gregory S Kazarian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Rothman Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Stephen C Sizer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Rothman Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
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8
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Ottink KD, Strahm C, Muller-Kobold A, Sendi P, Wouthuyzen-Bakker M. Factors to Consider When Assessing the Diagnostic Accuracy of Synovial Leukocyte Count in Periprosthetic Joint Infection. J Bone Jt Infect 2019; 4:167-173. [PMID: 31555502 PMCID: PMC6757010 DOI: 10.7150/jbji.34854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Synovial white blood cell (WBC) count and the percentage of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN%) is one of the diagnostic criteria to diagnose a periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Although the test is widely available, the diagnostic accuracy of proposed cut-off levels are influenced by several factors, such as: the affected joint, co-morbid conditions, the causative microorganism and the gathering and processing of samples in the laboratory. In this narrative review we provide an overview on how and to what extent these factors can affect the synovial WBC count and PMN% in synovial fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten D Ottink
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Carol Strahm
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Anneke Muller-Kobold
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Parham Sendi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marjan Wouthuyzen-Bakker
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, The Netherlands
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9
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Cho YU, You E, Jang S, Park CJ. Validation of reflex testing rules and establishment of a new workflow for body fluid cell analysis using a Sysmex XN-550 automatic hematology analyzer. Int J Lab Hematol 2018; 40:258-267. [DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y.-U. Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - E. You
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - S. Jang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - C.-J. Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
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10
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Lee SM, Williamson K, Weir W, Hulme-Moir L, Haining H. Use of hyaluronidase in the comparison between manual and automated hematology analysis with the ADVIA 120 to improve analysis of feline body cavity effusions. J Vet Diagn Invest 2017; 29:212-216. [PMID: 28064834 DOI: 10.1177/1040638716685133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Classification of body cavity effusions is an important step in the investigation and diagnosis of disease in cats. Feline inflammatory effusions are often highly proteinaceous and viscous, which can cause clumping of white cells and subsequently inaccurate nucleated cell counts (NCCs) using automated and manual methods. Microscopic assessment of cellularity can also be difficult given the variable thickness of smears and cell clumping, which skews white cell distribution. The ADVIA 120 uses 2 white cell-counting channels, the basophil/lobularity (WBC/baso) and differential/peroxidase channels, which can provide quite different results in highly viscous feline samples and often disagree with smear assessment of cellularity. We investigated the effects of pre-incubation of feline effusion samples with hyaluronidase and its effects on NCCs and cellularity assessment. NCCs were obtained by automated analysis using the ADVIA 120 and by manual counting methods. Agreement was assessed using a Bland-Altman chart. Pretreatment of samples with hyaluronidase resulted in good agreement between the ADVIA basophil channel and manual counting methods in all samples in the study. However, improvements in NCCs after hyaluronidase treatment were significantly greater in clumped samples, and cell distribution of these samples on direct smears was also improved. Therefore, when nucleated cell clumping is observed on a direct smear, pretreatment of the sample with hyaluronidase prior to analysis on an automated analyzer is advised, with the WBC/baso channel displaying the most accurate NCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sei Ming Lee
- School of Veterinary Medicine (Lee), Glasgow, UK.,Veterinary Diagnostic Services (Williamson, Hulme-Moir, Haining), Glasgow, UK.,College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow (Weir), Glasgow, UK.,Gribbles Veterinary, Mt Wellington, Auckland, New Zealand (Hulme-Moir)
| | - Kenneth Williamson
- School of Veterinary Medicine (Lee), Glasgow, UK.,Veterinary Diagnostic Services (Williamson, Hulme-Moir, Haining), Glasgow, UK.,College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow (Weir), Glasgow, UK.,Gribbles Veterinary, Mt Wellington, Auckland, New Zealand (Hulme-Moir)
| | - William Weir
- School of Veterinary Medicine (Lee), Glasgow, UK.,Veterinary Diagnostic Services (Williamson, Hulme-Moir, Haining), Glasgow, UK.,College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow (Weir), Glasgow, UK.,Gribbles Veterinary, Mt Wellington, Auckland, New Zealand (Hulme-Moir)
| | - Lisa Hulme-Moir
- School of Veterinary Medicine (Lee), Glasgow, UK.,Veterinary Diagnostic Services (Williamson, Hulme-Moir, Haining), Glasgow, UK.,College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow (Weir), Glasgow, UK.,Gribbles Veterinary, Mt Wellington, Auckland, New Zealand (Hulme-Moir)
| | - Hayley Haining
- School of Veterinary Medicine (Lee), Glasgow, UK.,Veterinary Diagnostic Services (Williamson, Hulme-Moir, Haining), Glasgow, UK.,College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow (Weir), Glasgow, UK.,Gribbles Veterinary, Mt Wellington, Auckland, New Zealand (Hulme-Moir)
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11
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Seghezzi M, Buoro S, Manenti B, Mecca T, Ferrari R, Zappalà G, Castelli CC, Balboni F, Pezzati P, Ottomano C, Lippi G. Optimization of Cellular analysis of Synovial Fluids by optical microscopy and automated count using the Sysmex XN Body Fluid Mode. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 462:41-48. [PMID: 27581597 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was planned to assess the impact of pre-treating synovial fluid (SF) samples with hyaluronidase (HY), defining the best procedure for optical microscopy (OM) analysis and evaluating the performance of Sysmex XN-9000 Body Fluid module (XN-BF). METHODS The cell count by OM was carried out both with and without HY pre-treatment, and using 3 different types of staining reagents. The evaluation of XN-BF included data comparison with OM (100 SFs), carryover, Limit of Blank (LoB), Limit of Detection (LoD), Limit of Quantitation (LoQ) and linearity. RESULTS Unlike cell count in Burker's chamber and staining with Stromatol, pre-treatment with HY and staining with Methylene Blue and Turk's promoted cell clustering. The SF samples pre-treated with HY displayed excellent morphological quality, contrary to samples without HY pre-treatment. Excellent correlation was found between total cells counting with both OM and XN-BF. Satisfactory agreement was also observed between polymorphonuclear neutrophils compared to XN-BF parameter, whereas mononuclear cell count on XN-BF had suboptimal agreement with OM. The carryover was negligible. The LoB, LoD, LoQ and linearity were excellent. CONCLUSION XN-BF displays excellent performance, which makes it a reliable and practical alternative to OM for SF samples analysis in clinical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Seghezzi
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Sabrina Buoro
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy.
| | - Barbara Manenti
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Tommaso Mecca
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Roberto Ferrari
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Unit. Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zappalà
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Unit. Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Fiamma Balboni
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Istituto Fiorentino di Cura e Assistenza (IFCA), Firenze, Italy
| | - Paola Pezzati
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory Hospital Careggi Firenze, , University of Firenze, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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12
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Van de Water E, Oosterlinck M, Duchateau L, Pille F. Agreement of manual cell counts and automated counts of the scil Vet abc Plus+ hematology analyzer for analysis of equine synovial fluid. Res Vet Sci 2016; 106:62-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Yanagisawa A, Ueda M, Sueyoshi T, Nakamura E, Tasaki M, Suenaga G, Motokawa H, Toyoshima R, Kinoshita Y, Misumi Y, Yamashita T, Sakaguchi M, Westermark P, Mizuta H, Ando Y. Knee osteoarthritis associated with different kinds of amyloid deposits and the impact of aging on type of amyloid. Amyloid 2016; 23:26-32. [PMID: 26701417 DOI: 10.3109/13506129.2015.1115758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Amyloidosis is a protein conformational disorder in which amyloid fibrils accumulate in the extracellular space and induce organ dysfunction. Recently, two different amyloidogenic proteins, transthyretin (TTR) and apolipoprotein A-I (Apo A-I), were identified in amyloid deposits in knee joints in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, clinicopathological differences related to those two kinds of amyloid deposits in the knee joint remain to be clarified. Here, we investigated the clinicopathological features related to these knee amyloid deposits associated with knee OA and the biochemical characteristics of the amyloid deposits. We found that all of our patients with knee OA had amyloid deposits in the knee joints, especially in the meniscus, and those deposits were primarily derived from TTR and/or Apo A-I. Some patients with knee OA, however, had unclassified amyloid deposits. One of our interesting observations concerned the different effects of aging on each type of amyloid formed. The frequency of formation of ATTR deposits clearly increased with age, but that of AApo A-I deposits decreased. Furthermore, we found that ∼16% of patients with knee OA developed ATTR/AApo A-I double deposits in the meniscus. Amyloid deposition may therefore be a common histopathological feature associated with knee OA. Also, aging may induce ATTR formation in the knee joint in elderly patients with knee OA, whereas AApo A-I formation may be inversely correlated with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Yanagisawa
- a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Chuo-ku, Kumamoto , Japan .,b Department of Neurology , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Chuo-ku, Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Ueda
- b Department of Neurology , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Chuo-ku, Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Takanao Sueyoshi
- a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Chuo-ku, Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Eiichi Nakamura
- a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Chuo-ku, Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tasaki
- b Department of Neurology , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Chuo-ku, Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Genki Suenaga
- b Department of Neurology , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Chuo-ku, Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Hiroaki Motokawa
- b Department of Neurology , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Chuo-ku, Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Risa Toyoshima
- b Department of Neurology , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Chuo-ku, Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Yumiko Kinoshita
- b Department of Neurology , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Chuo-ku, Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Yohei Misumi
- b Department of Neurology , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Chuo-ku, Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Taro Yamashita
- b Department of Neurology , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Chuo-ku, Kumamoto , Japan
| | | | - Per Westermark
- d Department of Immunology , Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Hiroshi Mizuta
- a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Chuo-ku, Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Yukio Ando
- b Department of Neurology , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Chuo-ku, Kumamoto , Japan
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14
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Brudvig JM, Swenson CL. Total nucleated cell and leukocyte differential counts in canine pleural and peritoneal fluid and equine synovial fluid samples: comparison of automated and manual methods. Vet Clin Pathol 2015; 44:570-9. [DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean M. Brudvig
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation and Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health; College of Veterinary Medicine; Michigan State University; East Lansing MI USA
| | - Cheryl L. Swenson
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation and Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health; College of Veterinary Medicine; Michigan State University; East Lansing MI USA
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Bignardi GE. Flow cytometry for the microscopy of body fluids in patients with suspected infection. J Clin Pathol 2015; 68:870-8. [PMID: 26188055 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Automating the microscopy of body fluids is challenging, due to the wider range and lower concentrations of cells in these fluids, as opposed to blood, while the viscous nature of some of these fluids can also be problematic. This review shows that there have been major improvements and that newer flow cytometers can have remarkably low limits of quantitation for WBCs. Accurate counting of RBCs is still problematic with many flow cytometers, but this is of no clinical significance. Many flow cytometers can give reasonably accurate WBC differential counts, but detection of eosinophils and neoplastic or other nucleated cells which are not blood cells can still be problematic, hence fail-safe measures are recommended. Cerebrospinal fluid is the most challenging body fluid as it requires the ability to count and differentiate WBCs down to a 'normal range', which is much lower than the diagnostic cut-off values used for serous fluids; precision at or around the cerebrospinal fluid WBC normal range is reduced even with the best flow cytometers, but manual microscopy is even less precise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Enrico Bignardi
- South of Tyne and Wear Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Tyne and Wear, UK NE9 6SX and Microbiology Department, Sunderland Royal Hospital, Sunderland, UK
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17
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Piccinini F, Tesei A, Paganelli G, Zoli W, Bevilacqua A. Improving reliability of live/dead cell counting through automated image mosaicing. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2014; 117:448-463. [PMID: 25438936 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cell counting is one of the basic needs of most biological experiments. Numerous methods and systems have been studied to improve the reliability of counting. However, at present, manual cell counting performed with a hemocytometer still represents the gold standard, despite several problems limiting reproducibility and repeatability of the counts and, at the end, jeopardizing their reliability in general. We present our own approach based on image processing techniques to improve counting reliability. It works in two stages: first building a high-resolution image of the hemocytometer's grid, then counting the live and dead cells by tagging the image with flags of different colours. In particular, we introduce GridMos (http://sourceforge.net/p/gridmos), a fully-automated mosaicing method to obtain a mosaic representing the whole hemocytometer's grid. In addition to offering more significant statistics, the mosaic "freezes" the culture status, thus permitting analysis by more than one operator. Finally, the mosaic achieved can thus be tagged by using an image editor, thus markedly improving counting reliability. The experiments performed confirm the improvements brought about by the proposed counting approach in terms of both reproducibility and repeatability, also suggesting the use of a mosaic of an entire hemocytometer's grid, then labelled trough an image editor, as the best likely candidate for the new gold standard method in cell counting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Piccinini
- Advanced Research Center on Electronic Systems (ARCES) for Information and Communication Technologies "E. De Castro", University of Bologna, Italy.
| | - Anna Tesei
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, FC, Italy.
| | - Giulia Paganelli
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, FC, Italy.
| | - Wainer Zoli
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, FC, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Bevilacqua
- Advanced Research Center on Electronic Systems (ARCES) for Information and Communication Technologies "E. De Castro", University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Computer Science and Engineering (DISI), University of Bologna, Italy.
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18
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Piccinini F, Pierini M, Lucarelli E, Bevilacqua A. Semi-quantitative monitoring of confluence of adherent mesenchymal stromal cells on calcium-phosphate granules by using widefield microscopy images. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2014; 25:2395-2410. [PMID: 24863020 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-014-5242-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of cell confluence and proliferation is essential to design biomaterials and scaffolds to use as bone substitutes in clinical applications. Accordingly, several approaches have been proposed in the literature to estimate the area of the scaffold covered by cells. Nevertheless, most of the approaches rely on sophisticated equipment not employed for routine analyses, while the rest of them usually do not provide significant statistics about the cell distribution. This research aims at studying confluence and proliferation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) adherent on OSPROLIFE(®), a commercial biomaterial in the form of granules. In particular, we propose a Computer Vision approach that can routinely be employed to monitor the surface of the single granules covered by cells because only a standard widefield fluorescent microscope is required. In order to acquire significant statistics data, we analyse wide-area images built by using MicroMos v2.0, an updated version of a previously published software specific for stitching brightfield and phase-contrast images manually acquired via a widefield microscope. In particular, MicroMos v2.0 permits to build accurate "mosaics" of fluorescent images, after correcting vignetting and photo-bleaching effects, providing a consistent representation of a sample region containing numerous granules. Then, our method allows to make automatically a statistically significant estimate of the percentage of the area of the single granules covered by cells. Finally, by analysing hundreds of granules at different time intervals we also obtained reliable data regarding cell proliferation, confirming that not only MSC adhere onto the OSPROLIFE(®) granules, but even proliferate over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Piccinini
- Advanced Research Center on Electronic Systems for Information and Communication Technologies "E. De Castro" (ARCES), University of Bologna, Via Toffano 2/2, I-40125, Bologna, Italy,
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Sbrana S, Marchetti V, Mancianti F, Guidi G, Bennett D. Retrospective study of 14 cases of canine arthritis secondary to Leishmaniainfection. J Small Anim Pract 2014; 55:309-13. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Sbrana
- Department of Veterinary Clinics; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; San Piero a Grado Pisa Italy
| | - V. Marchetti
- Department of Veterinary Clinics; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; San Piero a Grado Pisa Italy
| | - F. Mancianti
- Department of Veterinary Animal Pathology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Pisa Italy
| | - G. Guidi
- Department of Veterinary Clinics; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; San Piero a Grado Pisa Italy
| | - D. Bennett
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Division of Small Animal Clinical Sciences; School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medicine, Veterinary Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow; Bearsden Glasgow G61 1QH
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A 3-Day Delay in Synovial Fluid Crystal Identification Did Not Hinder the Reliable Detection of Monosodium Urate and Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystals. J Clin Rheumatol 2013; 19:241-5. [DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0b013e31829cde53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bennett D, Eckersall PD, Waterston M, Marchetti V, Rota A, McCulloch E, Sbrana S. The effect of robenacoxib on the concentration of C-reactive protein in synovial fluid from dogs with osteoarthritis. BMC Vet Res 2013; 9:42. [PMID: 23452411 PMCID: PMC3610148 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-9-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Robenacoxib is a novel and highly selective inhibitor of COX-2 in dogs and cats and because of its acidic nature is regarded as being tissue-selective. Thirty four dogs with stifle osteoarthritis secondary to failure of the cranial cruciate ligament were recruited into this study. Lameness, radiographic features, synovial cytology and C-reactive protein concentrations in serum and synovial fluid were assessed before and 28 days after commencing a course of Robenacoxib at a dose of 1 mg/kg SID. Results There was a significant reduction in the lameness score (P < 0.01) and an increase in the radiographic score (P < 0.05) between pre- and post-treatment assessments. There was no difference between pre- (median 1.49 mg/l; Q1-Q3 0.56-4.24 mg/L) and post – (1.10 mg/L; 0.31-1.78 mg/L) treatment serum C-reactive protein levels although synovial fluid levels were significantly reduced (pre- : 0.44 mg/L; 0.23-1.62 mg/L; post- : 0.17 mg/L; 0.05-0.49 mg/L) (P < 0.05). There was no correlation between C-reactive protein concentrations in serum and matched synovial fluid samples. Conclusions Robenacoxib proved effective in reducing lameness in dogs with failure of the cranial cruciate ligament and osteoarthritis of the stifle joint. The drug also reduced levels of C-reactive protein in the synovial fluid taken from the affected stifle joint. Robenacoxib appears to reduce articular inflammation as assessed by C-reactive protein which supports the concept that Robenacoxib is a tissue-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bennett
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland.
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Hyaluronidase treatment of synovial fluid to improve assay precision for biomarker research using multiplex immunoassay platforms. J Immunol Methods 2012; 386:22-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2012.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Robier C, Quehenberger F, Neubauer M, Stettin M, Rainer F. Pseudoeosinophilia of synovial fluid is caused by crystals mimicking the distinct light scattering fractions of eosinophilic granules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 50:371-3. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2011.745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAutomated leukocyte differential counts of synovial fluid (SF) can be influenced by laboratory artefacts. Pseudoeosinophilia of SF has recently been first described in association with monosodium urate and calcium pyrophosphate crystals. This study compared automated measurements of the percentages of SF leukocyte fractions by two haematology analysers in order to elucidate the underlying mechanism of pseudoeosinophilia.The percentages of the leukocyte fractions of 17 crystal-containing and 28 crystal-free specimens were compared using the Wilcoxon test. Measurements were performed using the Cell-Dyn 3200 and the ADVIA 2120i, which are based on different techniques.The percentages of eosinophils of the crystal-positive samples determined by the Cell-Dyn 3200 were significantly higher than those assessed by the ADVIA (p<0.0001), whereas the percentages of eosinophils of the controls did not differ significantly between the two devices (p=0.95). The Cell-Dyn 3200 clearly showed the phenomenon of crystal-associated pseudoeosinophilia (p<0.0001), which did not occur in the ADVIA measurements (p=0.28). The percentage of neutrophils was to a lower degree elevated in the crystal group (p=0.015).It was confirmed that SF crystals interfere with the typical light scattering fractions of leukocyte granules and may thus lead to spuriously elevated percentages of eosinophils and neutrophils in SF specimens.
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Robier C, Neubauer M, Quehenberger F, Stettin M, Rainer F. Calcium pyrophosphate and monosodium urate crystals in synovial fluid as a cause of pseudoeosinophilia. Clin Chem Lab Med 2011; 49:1345-1347. [PMID: 21627492 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2011.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synovial fluid (SF) leukocytes can be counted microscopically in a Neubauer chamber or by automated procedures using haematology analysers. Knowledge of laboratory artefacts is crucial for the correct interpretation of results obtained using automated methods. SF pseudoeosinophilia has recently been described as a new artefact in patients with crystal-related arthropathies. We investigated whether pseudoeosinophilia of SF is restricted to crystal-related disorders, or if it may also occur in other arthropathies. METHODS We compared the percentages of eosinophils in 120 crystal containing SF samples with 185 crystal-free specimens using the Wilcoxon test. Crystal positive samples, determined by polarised microscopy, contained at least two monosodium urate or calcium pyrophosphate crystals per 10 high power fields (630× magnification). True SF eosinophilia was ruled out by microscopic examination of stained slides. RESULTS Crystal positive samples had significantly higher percentages of eosinophils than the controls (p<0.0001). No significant differences between the two crystal types were found (p=0.693). Thus, pseudoeosinophilia was significantly correlated with the presence of crystals, and none of the distinct crystal types was more likely to be associated with pseudoeosinophilia. CONCLUSIONS In this study, SF pseudoeosinophilia was confirmed as a crystal-related laboratory artefact which has to be considered in the interpretation of automated SF leukocyte differential counts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Robier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Barmherzige Brueder Graz-Eggenberg, Graz, Austria.
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Ekmann A, Rigdal ML, Gröndahl G. Automated counting of nucleated cells in equine synovial fluid without and with hyaluronidase pretreatment. Vet Clin Pathol 2010; 39:83-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-165x.2009.00203.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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