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Babcock S, Calvo KR, Hasserjian RP. Pediatric myelodysplastic syndrome. Semin Diagn Pathol 2023; 40:152-171. [PMID: 37173164 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Katherine R Calvo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Asian Population Is More Prone to Develop High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Concordantly with Their Propensity to Exhibit High-Risk Cytogenetic Aberrations. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030481. [PMID: 33513838 PMCID: PMC7865620 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The world population is genetically and environmentally diverse. In particular, genetic differences related to an ethnic factor may underlie differences in cancer phenotypic expression. Therefore, we compared the epidemiology, and the clinical, biological and genetic characteristics of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) between Asian and Western countries. Our results show substantial differences in the incidence and age of onset between Asian and Western MDS patients. A higher proportion of Asian MDS patients fall into the high- and very-high risk prognostic MDS groups. This finding is supported by the identification of a higher proportion of high-risk cytogenetic aberrations in Asian MDS patients. However, the survival rate is similar for Western and Asian MDS patients. Our findings may impact the clinical management as well as the strategy of clinical trials targeting those genetic aberrations and mutations depending on the world area where they are run. Abstract This study explores the hypothesis that genetic differences related to an ethnic factor may underlie differences in phenotypic expression of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). First, to identify clear ethnic differences, we systematically compared the epidemiology, and the clinical, biological and genetic characteristics of MDS between Asian and Western countries over the last 20 years. Asian MDS cases show a 2- to 4-fold lower incidence and a 10-year younger age of onset compared to the Western cases. A higher proportion of Western MDS patients fall into the very low- and low-risk categories while the intermediate, high and very high-risk groups are more represented in Asian MDS patients according to the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System. Next, we investigated whether differences in prognostic risk scores could find their origin in differential cytogenetic profiles. We found that 5q deletion (del(5q)) aberrations and mutations in TET2, SF3B1, SRSF2 and IDH1/2 are more frequently reported in Western MDS patients while trisomy 8, del(20q), U2AF1 and ETV6 mutations are more frequent in Asian MDS patients. Treatment approaches differ between Western and Asian countries owing to the above discrepancies, but the overall survival rate within each prognostic group is similar for Western and Asian MDS patients. Altogether, our study highlights greater risk MDS in Asians supported by their cytogenetic profile.
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Sánchez-Castro J, Marco-Betés V, Gómez-Arbonés X, García-Cerecedo T, López R, Talavera E, Fernández-Ruiz S, Ademà V, Marugan I, Luño E, Sanzo C, Vallespí T, Arenillas L, Marco Buades J, Batlle A, Buño I, Martín Ramos ML, Blázquez Rios B, Collado Nieto R, Vargas MT, González Martínez T, Sanz G, Solé F. Fluorescence in situ hybridization of TP53 for the detection of chromosome 17 abnormalities in myelodysplastic syndromes. Leuk Lymphoma 2015; 56:3183-8. [PMID: 25754580 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2015.1028053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Conventional G-banding cytogenetics (CC) detects chromosome 17 (chr17) abnormalities in 2% of patients with de novo myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). We used CC and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) (LSI p53/17p13.1) to assess deletion of 17p in 531 patients with de novo MDS from the Spanish Group of Hematological Cytogenetics. FISH detected - 17 or 17p abnormalities in 13 cases (2.6%) in whom no 17p abnormalities were revealed by CC: 0.9% of patients with a normal karyotype, 0% in non-informative cytogenetics, 50% of patients with a chr17 abnormality without loss of 17p and 4.7% of cases with an abnormal karyotype not involving chr17. Our results suggest that applying FISH of 17p13 to identify the number of copies of the TP53 gene could be beneficial in patients with a complex karyotype. We recommend using FISH of 17p13 in young patients with a normal karyotype or non-informative cytogenetics, and always in isolated del(17p).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xavier Gómez-Arbonés
- a Hospital Arnau de Vilanova , Lleida , Spain.,b Universitat de Lleida , Lleida , Spain
| | | | | | | | - Sara Fernández-Ruiz
- c Institut de Recerca contra la Leucèmia Josep Carreras (IJC) , Badalona, Barcelona , Spain
| | - Vera Ademà
- c Institut de Recerca contra la Leucèmia Josep Carreras (IJC) , Badalona, Barcelona , Spain
| | - Isabel Marugan
- d Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia , Valencia , Spain
| | - Elisa Luño
- e Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias , Oviedo , Spain
| | - Carmen Sanzo
- e Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias , Oviedo , Spain
| | | | | | | | - Ana Batlle
- i Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla , Santander , Spain
| | - Ismael Buño
- j Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón , Madrid , Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Guillermo Sanz
- p Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe , Valencia , Spain
| | - Francesc Solé
- c Institut de Recerca contra la Leucèmia Josep Carreras (IJC) , Badalona, Barcelona , Spain
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Cytogenetic as an important tool for diagnosis and prognosis for patients with hypocellular primary myelodysplastic syndrome. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:542395. [PMID: 25180186 PMCID: PMC4144075 DOI: 10.1155/2014/542395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed cytogenetically 105 patients with hypocellular primary MDS and their clinical implications. The main chromosomal abnormalities found were del(5q)/−5, del(6q)/+6, del(7q)/−7, del(11q), and del(17p). Pediatric patients had a higher frequency of abnormal karyotypes compared with adult patients (P < 0,05). From our patients, 18% showed evolution of the disease. The chromosomal abnormalities presented in the diagnosis of patients who evolved to AML included numerical (−7, +8) and structural del(6q), del(7q), i(7q), t(7;9), i(9q), and del(11q) abnormalities and complex karyotypes. Although the frequency of evolution from hypocellular MDS to AML is low, our results suggest that some chromosomal alterations may play a critical role during this process. We applied the IPSS in our patients because this score system has been proved to be useful for predicting evolution of disease. When we considered the patients according to group 1 (intermediate-1) and group 2 (intermediate-2 and high risk), we showed that group 2 had a high association with respect to the frequency of abnormal karyotypes (P < 0,0001), evolution of disease (P < 0,0001), and mortality (P < 0,001). In fact, the cytogenetic analysis for patients with hypocellular primary MDS is an important tool for diagnosis, prognosis, in clinical decision-making and in follow-up.
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Honkaniemi E, Mattsson K, Barbany G, Sander B, Gustafsson B. Elevated p53 protein expression; a predictor of relapse in rare chronic myeloid malignancies in children? Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2014; 31:327-39. [PMID: 24761810 DOI: 10.3109/08880018.2014.898723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in the tumor suppressor gene TP53 have been associated with poor outcome in adult hematological malignancies. We have earlier reported an increased expression of the TP53 encoded protein p53, in bone marrow samples from pediatric patients with aggressive leukemia. Our aim was now to evaluate p53 protein expression at different time points before and after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) as a predictor of relapse in a group of children diagnosed with MDS, JMML and CML, and also investigate if potential alterations in expression could be correlated to mutations in TP53. PROCEDURE Paraffin embedded bone marrow samples from 33 pediatric patients diagnosed with MDS, JMML and CML between 1997 and 2010 were collected retrospectively from time of diagnosis and pre and post HSCT. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on tissue microarrays (TMA) with antibodies to p53 and p21. DNA sequencing of exon 2-11 of TP53 was performed in 7 patients with JMML and 5 patients with MDS. RESULTS Elevated p53 protein expression at diagnosis predicted for relapse, odds ratio (OR) 1.19 (95% CI: 1.02-1.40, p = .028). Sequencing of TP53 did not reveal any mutations in the 12 patients analyzed and p53 expression correlated positively to p21 expression indicating a functional p53/p21 protein pathway. CONCLUSION Elevated p53 protein expression at diagnosis may be an indicator of relapse in children with MDS, JMML and CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Honkaniemi
- 1Department of Pediatrics, Astrid Lindgren Children`s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital-Huddinge, Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Genetic analysis of TP53 in childhood myelodysplastic syndrome and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. Leuk Res 2011; 35:1578-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2011.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Revised: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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