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Hasselbalch HC, Junker P, Skov V, Kjær L, Knudsen TA, Larsen MK, Holmström MO, Andersen MH, Jensen C, Karsdal MA, Willumsen N. Revisiting Circulating Extracellular Matrix Fragments as Disease Markers in Myelofibrosis and Related Neoplasms. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4323. [PMID: 37686599 PMCID: PMC10486581 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Philadelphia chromosome-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) arise due to acquired somatic driver mutations in stem cells and develop over 10-30 years from the earliest cancer stages (essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera) towards the advanced myelofibrosis stage with bone marrow failure. The JAK2V617F mutation is the most prevalent driver mutation. Chronic inflammation is considered to be a major pathogenetic player, both as a trigger of MPN development and as a driver of disease progression. Chronic inflammation in MPNs is characterized by persistent connective tissue remodeling, which leads to organ dysfunction and ultimately, organ failure, due to excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Considering that MPNs are acquired clonal stem cell diseases developing in an inflammatory microenvironment in which the hematopoietic cell populations are progressively replaced by stromal proliferation-"a wound that never heals"-we herein aim to provide a comprehensive review of previous promising research in the field of circulating ECM fragments in the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of MPNs. We address the rationales and highlight new perspectives for the use of circulating ECM protein fragments as biologically plausible, noninvasive disease markers in the management of MPNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Carl Hasselbalch
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; (V.S.); (L.K.); (T.A.K.); (M.K.L.)
| | - Peter Junker
- Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark;
| | - Vibe Skov
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; (V.S.); (L.K.); (T.A.K.); (M.K.L.)
| | - Lasse Kjær
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; (V.S.); (L.K.); (T.A.K.); (M.K.L.)
| | - Trine A. Knudsen
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; (V.S.); (L.K.); (T.A.K.); (M.K.L.)
| | - Morten Kranker Larsen
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; (V.S.); (L.K.); (T.A.K.); (M.K.L.)
| | - Morten Orebo Holmström
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Herlev Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark; (M.O.H.); (M.H.A.)
| | - Mads Hald Andersen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Herlev Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark; (M.O.H.); (M.H.A.)
| | - Christina Jensen
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, 2730 Herlev, Denmark; (C.J.); (M.A.K.); (N.W.)
| | - Morten A. Karsdal
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, 2730 Herlev, Denmark; (C.J.); (M.A.K.); (N.W.)
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Guijarro-Hernández A, Vizmanos JL. Transcriptomic comparison of bone marrow CD34 + cells and peripheral blood neutrophils from ET patients with JAK2 or CALR mutations. BMC Genom Data 2023; 24:40. [PMID: 37550636 PMCID: PMC10408115 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-023-01142-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is one of the most common types of Ph-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms, an infrequent group of blood cancers that arise from a CD34 + hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) in the bone marrow (BM) primarily due to driver mutations in JAK2, CALR or MPL. These aberrations result in an overproduction of mature myeloid cells in peripheral blood (PB). To date, no targeted therapies have been approved for ET patients, so the study of the molecular mechanisms behind the disease and the identification of new therapeutic targets may be of interest. For this reason, in this study, we have compared the transcriptomic profile of undifferentiated CD34 + cells and mature myeloid cells from ET patients (CALR and JAK2-mutated) and healthy donors deposited in publicly available databases. The study of the similarities and differences between these samples might help to better understand the molecular mechanisms behind the disease according to the degree of maturation of the malignant clone and the type of mutation and ultimately help identify new therapeutic targets for these patients. RESULTS The results show that most of the altered hallmarks in neutrophils were also found in CD34 + cells. However, only a few genes showed a similar aberrant expression pattern in both types of cells. We have identified a signature of six genes common to patients with CALR and JAK2 mutations (BPI, CRISP3, LTF, MMP8, and PTGS1 upregulated, and PBXIP1 downregulated), a different signature of seven genes for patients with CALR mutations (BMP6, CEACAM8, ITK, LCN2, and PRG2 upregulated, and MAN1A1 and MME downregulated) and a signature of 13 genes for patients with JAK2 mutations (ARG1, CAST, CD177, CLEC5A, DAPP1, EPS15, IL18RAP, OLFM4, OLR1, RIOK3, SELP, and THBS1 upregulated, and IGHM downregulated). CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight transcriptomic similarities and differences in ET patients according to the degree of maturation of the malignant clone and the type of mutation. The genes and processes altered in both CD34 + cells and mature neutrophils may reveal altered sustained processes that could be studied as future therapeutic targets for ET patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Guijarro-Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José Luis Vizmanos
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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Co-expression of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 and 8 inhibits proliferation and invasiveness of breast carcinoma cells. Clin Exp Metastasis 2019; 36:423-432. [PMID: 31222613 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-019-09981-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule (CEACAM) 6 and CEACAM8 form heterodimers and exert their effects. Therefore, we examined the effects of CEACAM6 and CEACAM8 co-expression in breast cancer. We first studied CEACAM6/8 expression using immunohistochemistry in 109 patients with breast cancer. We then established MCF-7 cells that were stably transfected with CEACAM8 and studied cell proliferation, invasion and adhesion. The number of CEACAM6 and CEACAM8 double-positive breast carcinoma cells significantly increased in patients with low histopathological grade and stage. Proximity ligation assay (PLA) confirmed high CEACAM6/8 expression in MCF-7 cells. CEACAM6/8 expression promoted the adhesion of MCF-7 cells to endothelial cell monolayers but inhibited their invasion and proliferation. Furthermore, CEACAM6 status in carcinoma cells was significantly higher in bone than in lung metastases. CEACAM6/8 expression is associated with the inhibition of vascular invasion and cell proliferation. CEACAM6 expression was also considered to be involved in bone metastases of breast cancer. This is the first study to demonstrate the possible role of CEACAM6/8 heterodimer and CEACAM6 expression in breast cancer patients.
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Plasma protein biomarkers and their association with mutually exclusive cardiovascular phenotypes: the FIBRO-TARGETS case-control analyses. Clin Res Cardiol 2019; 109:22-33. [PMID: 31062082 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-019-01480-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension, obesity and diabetes are major and potentially modifiable "risk factors" for cardiovascular diseases. Identification of biomarkers specific to these risk factors may help understanding the underlying pathophysiological pathways, and developing individual treatment. METHODS The FIBRO-TARGETS (targeting cardiac fibrosis for heart failure treatment) consortium has merged data from 12 patient cohorts in 1 common database of > 12,000 patients. Three mutually exclusive main phenotypic groups were identified ("cases"): (1) "hypertensive"; (2) "obese"; and (3) "diabetic"; age-sex matched in a 1:2 proportion with "healthy controls" without any of these phenotypes. Proteomic associations were studied using a biostatistical method based on LASSO and confronted with machine-learning and complex network approaches. RESULTS The case:control distribution by each cardiovascular phenotype was hypertension (50:100), obesity (50:98), and diabetes (36:72). Of the 86 studied proteins, 4 were found to be independently associated with hypertension: GDF-15, LEP, SORT-1 and FABP-2; 3 with obesity: CEACAM-8, LEP and PRELP; and 4 with diabetes: GDF-15, REN, CXCL-1 and SCF. GDF-15 (hypertension + diabetes) and LEP (hypertension + obesity) are shared by 2 different phenotypes. A machine-learning approach confirmed GDF-15, LEP and SORT-1 as discriminant biomarkers for the hypertension group, and LEP plus PRELP for the obesity group. Complex network analyses provided insight on the mechanisms underlying these disease phenotypes where fibrosis may play a central role. CONCLUSION Patients with "mutually exclusive" phenotypes display distinct bioprofiles that might underpin different biological pathways, potentially leading to fibrosis. Plasma protein biomarkers and their association with mutually exclusive cardiovascular phenotypes: the FIBRO-TARGETS case-control analyses. Patients with "mutually exclusive" phenotypes (blue: obesity, hypertension and diabetes) display distinct protein bioprofiles (green: decreased expression; red: increased expression) that might underpin different biological pathways (orange arrow), potentially leading to fibrosis.
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The spleen microenvironment influences disease transformation in a mouse model of KIT D816V-dependent myeloproliferative neoplasm. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41427. [PMID: 28128288 PMCID: PMC5269732 DOI: 10.1038/srep41427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating mutations leading to ligand-independent signaling of the stem cell factor receptor KIT are associated with several hematopoietic malignancies. One of the most common alterations is the D816V mutation. In this study, we characterized mice, which conditionally express the humanized KITD816V receptor in the adult hematopoietic system to determine the pathological consequences of unrestrained KIT signaling during blood cell development. We found that KITD816V mutant animals acquired a myeloproliferative neoplasm similar to polycythemia vera, marked by a massive increase in red blood cells and severe splenomegaly caused by excessive extramedullary erythropoiesis. Moreover, we found mobilization of stem cells from bone marrow to the spleen. Splenectomy prior to KITD816V induction prevented expansion of red blood cells, but rapidly lead to a state of aplastic anemia and bone marrow fibrosis, reminiscent of post polycythemic myeloid metaplasia, the spent phase of polycythemia vera. Our results show that the extramedullary hematopoietic niche microenvironment significantly influences disease outcome in KITD816V mutant mice, turning this model a valuable tool for studying the interplay between functionally abnormal hematopoietic cells and their microenvironment during development of polycythemia vera-like disease and myelofibrosis.
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Estiar MA, Esmaeili R, Zare AA, Farahmand L, Fazilaty H, Zekri A, Jafarbeik-Iravani N, Majidzadeh-A K. High expression of CEACAM19, a new member of carcinoembryonic antigen gene family, in patients with breast cancer. Clin Exp Med 2016; 17:547-553. [PMID: 27909883 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-016-0442-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family members play important roles in malignancies and are introduced as biomarkers in different types of cancers. Among them CEACAM19 (CEAL1) gene, a new member of the CEA family, remains to be fully elucidated. The aim of this study was investigating the mRNA expression level of CEACAM19 in tumor samples of breast cancer patients compared to breast tissue of normal individuals. We evaluated the expression level of this gene in 75 breast tumors by using real-time quantitative PCR. Also, we studied the correlation between CEACAM19 expression and clinicopathological features and hormone receptors status, including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 of patients. Out of the enrolled patients, six of them (7.9%) showed low expression, ten (13.2%) showed normal expression and 59 (77.6%) showed high expression of CEACAM19. There was a significant correlation between high expression of CEACAM19 gene in tumor samples compared to normal tissues (P = 0.039). No significant correlation was seen between clinicopathological factors and disease-free survival with mRNA levels of CEACAM19 in tumor samples, while the difference between the expression of CEACAM19 in ER/PR-positive and ER/PR-negative breast cancer patients was statistically significant (P = 0.046). In conclusion, CEACAM19 showed high expression in tumor samples compared to normal mammary tissue. In addition, CEACAM19 may represent as a novel therapeutic target in certain subgroups of breast cancer patients such as ER/PR-negative. Critical roles of CEA proteins in tumor progression may nominate them as robust potential targets for therapeutic intervention in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Asghari Estiar
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvan Esmaeili
- Cancer Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center (BCRC), ACECR, No. 146, South Gandi St, Vanak Square, Tehran, 1517964311, Iran
| | - Ali-Akbar Zare
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Farahmand
- Cancer Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center (BCRC), ACECR, No. 146, South Gandi St, Vanak Square, Tehran, 1517964311, Iran
| | | | - Ali Zekri
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Jafarbeik-Iravani
- Cancer Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center (BCRC), ACECR, No. 146, South Gandi St, Vanak Square, Tehran, 1517964311, Iran
| | - Keivan Majidzadeh-A
- Cancer Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center (BCRC), ACECR, No. 146, South Gandi St, Vanak Square, Tehran, 1517964311, Iran.
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Skov V, Burton M, Thomassen M, Stauffer Larsen T, Riley CH, Brinch Madelung A, Kjær L, Bondo H, Stamp I, Ehinger M, Dahl-Sørensen R, Brochmann N, Nielsen K, Thiele J, Jensen MK, Weis Bjerrum O, Kruse TA, Hasselbalch HC. A 7-Gene Signature Depicts the Biochemical Profile of Early Prefibrotic Myelofibrosis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161570. [PMID: 27579896 PMCID: PMC5007012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that a large proportion of patients classified as essential thrombocythemia (ET) actually have early primary prefibrotic myelofibrosis (prePMF), which implies an inferior prognosis as compared to patients being diagnosed with so-called genuine or true ET. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2008 classification, bone marrow histology is a major component in the distinction between these disease entities. However, the differential diagnosis between them may be challenging and several studies have not been able to distinguish between them. Most lately, it has been argued that simple blood tests, including the leukocyte count and plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) may be useful tools to separate genuine ET from prePMF, the latter disease entity more often being featured by anemia, leukocytosis and elevated LDH. Whole blood gene expression profiling was performed in 17 and 9 patients diagnosed with ET and PMF, respectively. Using elevated LDH obtained at the time of diagnosis as a marker of prePMF, a 7-gene signature was identified which correctly predicted the prePMF group with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 89%. The 7 genes included MPO, CEACAM8, CRISP3, MS4A3, CEACAM6, HEMGN, and MMP8, which are genes known to be involved in inflammation, cell adhesion, differentiation and proliferation. Evaluation of bone marrow biopsies and the 7-gene signature showed a concordance rate of 71%, 79%, 62%, and 38%. Our 7-gene signature may be a useful tool to differentiate between genuine ET and prePMF but needs to be validated in a larger cohort of "ET" patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibe Skov
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Mark Burton
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Caroline H. Riley
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Lasse Kjær
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Henrik Bondo
- Department of Pathology, Naestved Hospital, Naestved, Denmark
| | - Inger Stamp
- Department of Pathology, Naestved Hospital, Naestved, Denmark
| | - Mats Ehinger
- Department of Pathology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Nana Brochmann
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Karsten Nielsen
- Department of Pathology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jürgen Thiele
- Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Köln, Germany
| | - Morten K. Jensen
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Ole Weis Bjerrum
- Department of Hematology L, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben A. Kruse
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Hasselbalch HC, Thomassen M, Hasselbalch Riley C, Kjær L, Stauffer Larsen T, Jensen MK, Bjerrum OW, Kruse TA, Skov V. Whole blood transcriptional profiling reveals deregulation of oxidative and antioxidative defence genes in myelofibrosis and related neoplasms. Potential implications of downregulation of Nrf2 for genomic instability and disease progression. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112786. [PMID: 25397683 PMCID: PMC4232509 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The Philadelphia-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms - essential thrombocythemia (ET), polycythemia vera (PV), and myelofibrosis (MF) (MPNs) - have recently been shown to be associated with chronic inflammation, oxidative stress and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Using whole blood transcriptional profiling, we report that several oxidative stress and anti-oxidative stress genes are significantly deregulated in MPNs. Among the twenty most up- and downregulated genes, ATOX1, DEFB122, GPX8, PRDX2, PRDX6, PTGS1, and SEPP1 were progressively upregulated from ET over PV to PMF, whereas AKR1B1, CYBA, SIRT2, TTN, and UCP2 were progressively downregulated in ET, PV and PMF (all FDR <0.05). The gene Nrf2, encoding the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2 or Nrf2) was significantly downregulated in all MPNs. Nrf2 has a key role in the regulation of the oxidative stress response and modulates both migration and retention of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in their niche. The patogenetic importance of Nrf2 depletion in the context of expansion of the hematopoietic progenitor pool in MPNs is discussed with particular focus upon the implications of concomitant downregulation of Nrf2 and CXCR4 for stem cell mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Carl Hasselbalch
- Department of Hematology, Roskilde Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Lasse Kjær
- Department of Hematology, Roskilde Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Morten K. Jensen
- Department of Hematology, Roskilde Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Ole Weis Bjerrum
- Department of Hematology L, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben A. Kruse
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Vibe Skov
- Department of Hematology, Roskilde Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
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Hasselbalch HC, Skov V, Stauffer Larsen T, Thomassen M, Hasselbalch Riley C, Jensen MK, Bjerrum OW, Kruse TA. Transcriptional profiling of whole blood identifies a unique 5-gene signature for myelofibrosis and imminent myelofibrosis transformation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85567. [PMID: 24454890 PMCID: PMC3890316 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying a distinct gene signature for myelofibrosis may yield novel information of the genes, which are responsible for progression of essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera towards myelofibrosis. We aimed at identifying a simple gene signature – composed of a few genes - which were selectively and highly deregulated in myelofibrosis patients. Gene expression microarray studies have been performed on whole blood from 69 patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms. Amongst the top-20 of the most upregulated genes in PMF compared to controls, we identified 5 genes (DEFA4, ELA2, OLFM4, CTSG, and AZU1), which were highly significantly deregulated in PMF only. None of these genes were significantly regulated in ET and PV patients. However, hierarchical cluster analysis showed that these genes were also highly expressed in a subset of patients with ET (n = 1) and PV (n = 4) transforming towards myelofibrosis and/or being featured by an aggressive phenotype. We have identified a simple 5-gene signature, which is uniquely and highly significantly deregulated in patients in transitional stages of ET and PV towards myelofibrosis and in patients with PMF only. Some of these genes are considered to be responsible for the derangement of bone marrow stroma in myelofibrosis. Accordingly, this gene-signature may reflect key processes in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of myelofibrosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Carl Hasselbalch
- Department of Hematology, Roskilde Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
- * E-mail: .
| | - Vibe Skov
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Morten K. Jensen
- Department of Hematology L, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Ole Weis Bjerrum
- Department of Hematology L, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben A. Kruse
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Tumor cells in multiple myeloma patients inhibit myeloma-reactive T cells through carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule-6. Blood 2013; 121:4493-503. [PMID: 23603913 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-05-429415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although functionally competent cytotoxic, T cells are frequently observed in malignant diseases, they possess little ability to react against tumor cells. This phenomenon is particularly apparent in multiple myeloma. We here demonstrate that cytotoxic T cells reacted against myeloma antigens when presented by autologous dendritic cells, but not by myeloma cells. We further show by gene expression profiling and flow cytometry that, similar to many other malignant tumors, freshly isolated myeloma cells expressed several carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAMs) at varying proportions. Binding and crosslinking of CEACAM-6 by cytotoxic T cells inhibited their activation and resulted in T-cell unresponsiveness. Blocking of CEACAM-6 on the surface of myeloma cells by specific monoclonal antibodies or CEACAM-6 gene knock down by short interfering RNA restored T-cell reactivity against malignant plasma cells. These findings suggest that CEACAM-6 plays an important role in the regulation of CD8+ T-cell responses against multiple myeloma; therefore, therapeutic targeting of CEACAM-6 may be a promising strategy to improve myeloma immunotherapy.
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Pellegrino R, Sunaga DY, Guindalini C, Martins RCS, Mazzotti DR, Wei Z, Daye ZJ, Andersen ML, Tufik S. Whole blood genome-wide gene expression profile in males after prolonged wakefulness and sleep recovery. Physiol Genomics 2012; 44:1003-12. [DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00058.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the specific functions of sleep have not been completely elucidated, the literature has suggested that sleep is essential for proper homeostasis. Sleep loss is associated with changes in behavioral, neurochemical, cellular, and metabolic function as well as impaired immune response. Using high-resolution microarrays we evaluated the gene expression profiles of healthy male volunteers who underwent 60 h of prolonged wakefulness (PW) followed by 12 h of sleep recovery (SR). Peripheral whole blood was collected at 8 am in the morning before the initiation of PW (Baseline), after the second night of PW, and one night after SR. We identified over 500 genes that were differentially expressed. Notably, these genes were related to DNA damage and repair and stress response, as well as diverse immune system responses, such as natural killer pathways including killer cell lectin-like receptors family, as well as granzymes and T-cell receptors, which play important roles in host defense. These results support the idea that sleep loss can lead to alterations in molecular processes that result in perturbation of cellular immunity, induction of inflammatory responses, and homeostatic imbalance. Moreover, expression of multiple genes was downregulated following PW and upregulated after SR compared with PW, suggesting an attempt of the body to re-establish internal homeostasis. In silico validation of alterations in the expression of CETN3, DNAJC, and CEACAM genes confirmed previous findings related to the molecular effects of sleep deprivation. Thus, the present findings confirm that the effects of sleep loss are not restricted to the brain and can occur intensely in peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Pellegrino
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D. Y. Sunaga
- Human Genome Research Center, Biosciences Institute of University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C. Guindalini
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R. C. S. Martins
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D. R. Mazzotti
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Z. Wei
- Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey; and
| | - Z. J. Daye
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - M. L. Andersen
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S. Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Skov V, Larsen TS, Thomassen M, Riley CH, Jensen MK, Bjerrum OW, Kruse TA, Hasselbalch HC. Molecular profiling of peripheral blood cells from patients with polycythemia vera and related neoplasms: Identification of deregulated genes of significance for inflammation and immune surveillance. Leuk Res 2012; 36:1387-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2012.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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13
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Skov V, Thomassen M, Riley CH, Jensen MK, Bjerrum OW, Kruse TA, Hasselbalch HC, Larsen TS. Gene expression profiling with principal component analysis depicts the biological continuum from essential thrombocythemia over polycythemia vera to myelofibrosis. Exp Hematol 2012; 40:771-780.e19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2012.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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