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Rhynchosia volubilis Promotes Cell Survival via cAMP-PKA/ERK-CREB Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15010073. [PMID: 35056130 PMCID: PMC8778899 DOI: 10.3390/ph15010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhynchosia volubilis, a small black bean, has been used as a traditional remedy to treat diseases and maintain health in East Asia, but its cellular effects and molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ethanol extract from Rhynchosia volubilis (EERV) on cell survival and to elucidate the biochemical signaling pathways. Our results showed that EERV stimulated the cyclic AMP (cAMP) signal revealed by a fluorescent protein (FP)-based intensiometric sensor. Using a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based sensor, we further revealed that EERV could activate PKA and ERK signals, which are downstream effectors of cAMP. In addition, we reported that EERV could induce the phosphorylation of CREB, a key signal for cell survival. Thus, our results suggested that EERV protects against apoptosis by activating the cell survival pathway through the cAMP-PKA/ERK-CREB pathway.
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Cha KH, Kim KA, Kang SW, Alam ST, Jin JB, Yoo G, Jung SH, Pan CH, Kang K. Small black bean (Rhynchosia volubilis) extract ameliorates gut microbial and metabolic perturbation in ovariectomized mice. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Kang SW, Kim KA, Lee CH, Yang SJ, Kang TK, Jung JH, Kim TJ, Oh SR, Jung SH. A standardized extract of Rhynchosia volubilis Lour. exerts a protective effect on benzalkonium chloride-induced mouse dry eye model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 215:91-100. [PMID: 29288830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In contrast to other leguminous plants generally used as food, Rhynchosia volubilis Loureiro, a small soybean with a black seed coat, has been used as a traditional oriental remedy for various human diseases in Eastern Asia. In this study, we demonstrated the protective effect of R. volubilis against dry eye disease. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to investigate whether a standardized ethanol extract of R. volubilis (EERV) can protect the cornea in a benzalkonium chloride (BAC)-induced mouse dry eye model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental dry eye was induced by the instillation of 0.2% BAC on mouse cornea. A standardized ethanol extract of R. volubilis (EERV) was orally administered following BAC treatment. The positive control group was treated with commercial eye drops. Fluorescein staining, tear break-up time (BUT), and hematoxylin and eosin staining were evaluated on the ocular surface. Squamous metaplasia and apoptosis in the corneal epithelial layer were detected by immunostaining. Furthermore, the protein expression of cytochrome c, Bcl-2, and Bax was determined. RESULTS EERV treatment significantly improved fluorescein scoring, BUT, and smoothness in the cornea compared to the vehicle group. In addition, EERV inhibited squamous metaplasia and apoptosis in the cornea. The expression of cytochrome c and Bax was upregulated, while that of Bcl-2 was downregulated in the vehicle group compared with that in the control group. However, EERV treatment inhibited the expression of cytochrome c and Bax, while that of Bcl-2 was improved. CONCLUSION Standardized EERV could be a beneficial candidate for the treatment of dry eye disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Woo Kang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Republic of Korea; Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
| | - Kyung-A Kim
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science &Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Rebublic of Korea.
| | - Chung Hyun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Gangneung, Rebublic of Korea.
| | - Sung Jae Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Gangneung, Rebublic of Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, USA.
| | - Tae Kyeom Kang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Republic of Korea; Department of Marine bio-technology, Gangnung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Rebublic of Korea.
| | - Je Hyeong Jung
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae-Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Rebublic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Rok Oh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Hoon Jung
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science &Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Rebublic of Korea.
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You MK, Kim DW, Jeong KS, Bang MA, Kim HS, Rhuy J, Kim HA. St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum) stimulates human osteoblastic MG-63 cell proliferation and attenuates trabecular bone loss induced by ovariectomy. Nutr Res Pract 2015; 9:459-65. [PMID: 26425274 PMCID: PMC4575957 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2015.9.5.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECFTIVES The effect of St. John's Wort extract (SJW) on MG-63 cell proliferation and trabecular bone loss induced by ovariectomy was examined. MATERIALS/METHODS Proliferation, expression of estrogen receptor (ER) α and ER β, and gene expressions of osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteocalcin (OC) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were examined in MG-63 cells treated with or without SJW. Ovariectomized rats were treated with SJW at the dose of 100 or 200 mg/kg/day, β-estradiol-3-benzoate (E2), or vehicle only (OVX-C), and sham operated rats were treated with vehicle only (Sham-C). Serum ALP and C-telopeptide (CTX), and femoral trabecular bone loss were examined. RESULTS SJW increased MG-63 cell proliferation and expression of ER α and ER β, and positive effect was shown on gene expressions of ALP, OC and OPG. SJW also showed estrogen like effect on bone associated with slowing down in trabecular bone loss. Histopathology by H&E showed rats treated with SJW displayed denser structure in metaphyseal region of distal femur compared with rats in OVX-C. SJW was shown to reduce serum CTX in OVX rats. CONCLUSION The present study provides new insight in preventing estrogen deficiency induced bone loss of SJW and possibility for its application in bone health supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-kyoung You
- Department of Food and Nutrition / Research Institute of Human Ecology, Mokpo National University, 61 Dorim-ri, 1666 Youngsan-ro, Cheonggye-myeon, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 534-729, Korea
| | - Du-Woon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology/Food Functional Research Center, Jeonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
| | - Kyu-Shik Jeong
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
| | - Mi-Ae Bang
- Jeonnam Biofood Technology Center, Naju, Jeonnam 520-330, Korea
| | - Hwan-Seon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology/Food Functional Research Center, Jeonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
| | - Jin Rhuy
- Department of Food and Nutrition / Research Institute of Human Ecology, Mokpo National University, 61 Dorim-ri, 1666 Youngsan-ro, Cheonggye-myeon, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 534-729, Korea
| | - Hyeon-A Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition / Research Institute of Human Ecology, Mokpo National University, 61 Dorim-ri, 1666 Youngsan-ro, Cheonggye-myeon, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 534-729, Korea
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Gil AG, Arbillaga L, López de Cerain A. Non-clinical toxicity studies on bioactive compounds within the framework of nutritional and health claims. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2015; 66 Suppl 1:S13-21. [PMID: 26241007 DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2015.1042844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The growing presence of products on the market with added value in terms of health makes essential their regulation and harmonization in critical aspects such as safety. The toxicology applied to the bioactive compounds should demonstrate the absence of toxic effects at doses advised for consumption, as well as evaluate the potential toxic effects in the assumption that the products are used in quantities superior to those recommended. The specific strategy should be defined case by case; therefore, prior to any toxicological development, it is essential to study all the information regarding the bioactive compounds (BACs) characterization, nutridynamics and nutrikinetics, that is available. In this guideline, a general strategy to be applied in the development of BACs is proposed. It includes a first in vitro phase to discard genotoxicity and endocrine effects and a second in vivo phase with different possibilities regarding the duration and the extension of the studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Gloria Gil
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra , Pamplona , Spain and
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Park K, Ju WC, Yeo JH, Kim JY, Seo HS, Uchida Y, Cho Y. Increased OPG/RANKL ratio in the conditioned medium of soybean-treated osteoblasts suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation. Int J Mol Med 2014; 33:178-84. [PMID: 24248634 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean is a major dietary source of isoflavones, particularly daidzein and genistein, which stimulate osteoblastic functions that are initiated by binding to estrogen receptor (ER)-α and ER-β found on osteoblasts. However, coupled with a low expression of ER-α and ER-β in osteoclasts, the inhibitory effects of soy isoflavones on osteoclast differentiation is likely mediated through paracrine factors produced by osteoblasts. Therefore, in this study, we investigated whether soybean can indirectly inhibit osteoclast differentiation through the modulation of osteoclastic factors produced by osteoblasts. Treatment with soybean extracts increased the levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and decreased those of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) in the conditioned medium (CM) of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. Subsequently, the RANKL-induced RAW264.7 osteoclast formation was markedly inhibited by treatment with CM collected from MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts incubated with soybean extracts (S-CM). Similarly, S-CM significantly attenuated the RANKL-induced increase in the mRNA and protein levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), a potential biomarker gene of osteoclast differentiation, through the suppression of nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) activation. Of note, a soybean concentration of 0.001 mg/ml further increased the OPG/RANKL ratio compared to treatment with a 0.1 mg/ml soybean concentration and was overall, more effective at inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and MMP-9 expression. Taken together, our data demonstrate that treatment with soybean extracts stimulates the secretion of OPG and inhibits that of RANKL, thus inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation through the suppression of NFATc1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungho Park
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446-701, Republic of Korea
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Potential antiosteoporotic agents from plants: a comprehensive review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:364604. [PMID: 23365596 PMCID: PMC3551255 DOI: 10.1155/2012/364604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a major health hazard and is a disease of old age; it is a silent epidemic affecting more than 200 million people worldwide in recent years. Based on a large number of chemical and pharmacological research many plants and their compounds have been shown to possess antiosteoporosis activity. This paper reviews the medicinal plants displaying antiosteoporosis properties including their origin, active constituents, and pharmacological data. The plants reported here are the ones which are commonly used in traditional medical systems and have demonstrated clinical effectiveness against osteoporosis. Although many plants have the potential to prevent and treat osteoporosis, so far, only a fraction of these plants have been thoroughly investigated for their physiological and pharmacological properties including their mechanism of action. An attempt should be made to highlight plant species with possible antiosteoporosis properties and they should be investigated further to help with future drug development for treating this disease.
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Muthusami S, Ramachandran I, Krishnamoorthy S, Govindan R, Narasimhan S. Cissus quadrangularis augments IGF system components in human osteoblast like SaOS-2 cells. Growth Horm IGF Res 2011; 21:343-348. [PMID: 22015109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2010] [Revised: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a public health problem which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Growth factors are produced locally in the bone and control cellular events such as induction of bone growth. Signaling through the Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I receptor (IGF-IR) by locally synthesized IGF - I or IGF-II in osteoblast is considered crucial for normal development and for bone remodeling. Traditional use of Cissus quadrangularis (C. quadrangularis) in the treatment of bone disorders have been documented, however its regulatory effects on IGF system components remain largely unknown. The present study is employed to delineate the effects of ethanolic extract of C. quadrangularis on the regulation of IGF system components in human osteoblast like SaOS-2 cells. RT-PCR analysis revealed an increase in the mRNA expression of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF-IR in cells treated with C. quadrangularis when compared with control cells. The mRNA expression of IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) did not differ significantly between control and C. quadrangularis treated cells. Immunoradiometric analysis revealed increased levels of IGF-I, IGF-II and IGFBP-3 in the conditioned medium of C. quadrangularis treated cultures when compared with control. Western blotting analysis revealed increase in protein levels of IGF-IR in cells treated with C. quadrangularis. These results indicate positive regulation of C. quadrangularis on the IGF system components of human osteoblast like SaOS-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Muthusami
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr.ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani campus, Chennai, India
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Influence of roasting on the antioxidant activity of small black soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill). Lebensm Wiss Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2010.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Tang X, Zhu X, Liu S, Wang S, Ni X. Isoflavones suppress cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate regulatory element-mediated transcription in osteoblastic cell line. J Nutr Biochem 2010; 22:865-73. [PMID: 21056929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2009] [Revised: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Soy isoflavones have been implicated to exert benefit on bone loss in postmenopausal women. Isoflavones can induce estrogen response element-mediated transcription in osteoblastic cells. In the present study, we investigate whether isoflavones genistein and daidzein regulate target gene transcription through cAMP regulatory element (CRE) in osteoblastic cells. It was found that 17β-estradiol (E(2)), genistein and daidzein suppressed the transcriptional activity of CRE-luciferase reporter gene in human osteoblastic cell line MG-63 cells. E(2) and genistein but not daidzein inhibited the cAMP analogue 8-Br cAMP-induced transcription of CRE reporter gene. Both genistein and E(2) inhibited basal and cAMP-induced mRNA levels of endogenous estrogen responsive genes containing CRE/CRE-like elements in their promoter regions, including interleukin (IL) 8 and serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1). Daidzein inhibited basal and cAMP-induced IL-8, but not SGK1 mRNA expression. The inhibitory effects of E(2), genistein and daidzein on CRE-mediated transcription activity were enhanced by estrogen receptor (ER) α overexpression in MG-63 cells, which could be blocked by nonselective ER antagonists ICI182780, 4-OH tamoxifen and specific ERα antagonist MPP. Genistein and daidzein, but not E(2) treatment, caused a significant decrease in CRE-mediated transcription activity in ERβ-transfected MG-63 cells, which could be blocked by ICI182780, 4-OH tamoxifen and the selective ERβ antagonist (R,R)-5,11-diethyl-5.6,11,12-tetradro-2,8-chrysenediol. Our results indicate that isoflavones genistein and daidzein might modulate bone remodeling through ERs by regulating target gene expression through the CRE motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Tang
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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Meng QS, Zhu XY, Tang XL, Ma B, Ni X. [Effect of isoflavones in regulating the transcription of target genes through estrogen receptors]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 5:577-80. [PMID: 17854564 DOI: 10.3736/jcim20070521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the transcriptional regulation of the two isoflavones genistein and daidzein on target genes. METHODS In this study, we used ERalpha or ERbeta over-expressing Hela cells to observe the transcriptional regulation of genistein and daidzein on ERE reporter gene with calcium-phosphate method, and furthermore observing the effects of phytoestrogen antagonist ICI 182780 on their activation. RESULTS Our results showed that both genistein and daidzein could activate ERE receptor gene through ERalpha and ERbeta, and these effects could be blocked by ICI 182780. CONCLUSION Both genistein and daidzein can mimic estrogen's effect to activate the transcription of target genes through binding to the ERs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-shu Meng
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Kim J, Kim Y, Seo D, Kim S, Lee S, Cho Y. Oral supplementation ofLithospermum erythrorhizonprevents the development of atopic dermatitis with reducing ceramide degradation in the epidermis of NC/Nga mice. Phytother Res 2009; 23:1250-6. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Kim H, Oh I, Park KH, Kim NM, Do JH, Cho Y. Stimulatory Effect of Dietary Red Ginseng on Epidermal Hydration and Ceramide Levels in Ultraviolet-Irradiated Hairless Mice. J Med Food 2009; 12:746-54. [PMID: 19735173 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2008.1185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunae Kim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Inngyung Oh
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ho Park
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Mi Kim
- KT&G Central Research Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Do
- KT&G Central Research Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunhi Cho
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
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Putnam SE, Scutt AM, Bicknell K, Priestley CM, Williamson EM. Natural products as alternative treatments for metabolic bone disorders and for maintenance of bone health. Phytother Res 2007; 21:99-112. [PMID: 17106868 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Bone metabolism involves a complex balance between the deposition of matrix and mineralization and resorption. There is now good evidence that dietary components and herbal products can influence these processes, particularly by inhibiting bone resorption, thus having beneficial effects on the skeleton. For example, it has been reported that a number of common vegetables, including onion, garlic and parsley, can inhibit bone resorption in ovariectomized rats. Essential oils derived from sage, rosemary, thyme and other herbs inhibit osteoclast activity in vitro and in vitro and leading to an increase in bone mineral density. Soya, a rich source of isoflavones, has shown promising results and epidemiological evidence to support a use in maintaining bone health, and various traditional herbal formulae in Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine also have demonstrable effects in pharmacological models of osteoporosis. Recently, cannabinoids have been described as having positive effects on osteoblast differentiation, and the presence of cannabinoid receptors in bone tissue indicates a more complex role in bone metabolism than previously thought. The first part of this review briefly discusses normal bone metabolism and disorders caused by its disruption, with particular reference to osteoporosis and current pharmacological treatments. The effects of natural products on bone and connective tissue are then discussed, to include items of diet, herbal extracts and food supplements, with evidence for their efficacy outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie E Putnam
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AJ, UK
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