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Lin CJ, Li FC, Lee YY, Tseng TY, Chen WL, Hovhannisyan V, Kang N, Horton NG, Chiang SJ, Xu C, Lee HS, Dong CY. Direct visualization of functional heterogeneity in hepatobiliary metabolism using 6-CFDA as model compound. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:3574-3584. [PMID: 27699121 PMCID: PMC5030033 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.003574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Hepatobiliary metabolism is one of the major functions of the liver. However, little is known of the relationship between the physiological location of the hepatocytes and their metabolic potential. By the combination of time-lapse multiphoton microscopy and first order kinetic constant image analysis, the hepatocellular metabolic rate of the model compound 6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate (6-CFDA) is quantified at the single cell level. We found that the mouse liver can be divided into three zones, each with distinct metabolic rate constants. The sinusoidal uptake coefficients k1 of Zones 1, 2, and 3 are respectively 0.239 ± 0.077, 0.295 ± 0.087, and 0.338 ± 0.133 min-1, the apical excreting coefficients k2 of Zones 1, 2, and 3 are 0.0117 ± 0.0052, 0.0175 ± 0.0052, and 0.0332 ± 0.0195 min-1, respectively. Our results show not only the existence of heterogeneities in hepatobiliary metabolism, but they also show that Zone 3 is the main area of metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ju Lin
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chieh Li
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yang Lee
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Te-Yu Tseng
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Liang Chen
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | | | - Ning Kang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Nicholas G Horton
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Shu-Jen Chiang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chris Xu
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Hsuan-Shu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan;
| | - Chen-Yuan Dong
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan; Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan; Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan;
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Lin CJ, Kang N, Lee JY, Lee HS, Dong CY. Visualizing and quantifying difference in cytoplasmic and nuclear metabolism in the hepatobiliary system in vivo. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2015; 20:016020. [PMID: 25611866 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.1.016020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The liver is a major organ responsible for performing xenobiotic metabolism. In this process, xenobiotic is uptaken and processed in hepatocytes and subsequently excreted into the bile canaliculi. However, the intracellular heterogeneity in such metabolic processes is not known. We use the molecular probe 6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate (6-CFDA) to investigate xenobiotic metabolism in hepatocytes with intravital multiphoton fluorescence microscopy. 6-CFDA is processed by intracellular esterase to fluorescent 6-CF, which can be imaged and quantified. We found that compared to the nucleus, cytoplasmic 6-CF fluorescence intensity reached a maximum earlier (cytoplasm: 11.3 ± 4.4 min; nucleus: 14.7 ± 4.9 min) following 6-CFDA injection. We also found a slight difference in the rate of 6-CFDA metabolism as the rates of 6-CF decay at rates of 1.43 ± 0.75 and 1.27 ± 0.72 photons/min for the cytoplasm and nucleus, respectively. These results indicate that molecular transport to the nucleus is additionally hindered and can affect drug transport there
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ju Lin
- National Taiwan University, Department of Physics, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ning Kang
- National Taiwan University, Department of Physics, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Ye Lee
- National Taiwan University, Department of Physics, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Shu Lee
- National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei 100, TaiwancNational Taiwan University, Institute of Biotechnology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yuan Dong
- National Taiwan University, Department of Physics, Taipei 106, TaiwandNational Taiwan University, Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, Taipei 106, TaiwaneNational Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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