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Cairns BE, He N. β 2-adrenergic receptor activation decreases the mechanical sensitivity of rat masticatory muscle afferent fibres. J Oral Rehabil 2024. [PMID: 38894554 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activation of β2 adrenergic receptors reduces cutaneous mechanical pain thresholds in rats. While β2 adrenergic receptor activation may contribute to mechanisms that underlie temporomandibular joint pain, its effect on masticatory muscle pain sensitivity is uncertain. OBJECTIVES The current study sought to determine the extent to which β adrenergic receptors are expressed by masticatory muscle afferent fibres, and to assess the effect of local activation of these receptors on the mechanical sensitivity of masticatory muscle afferent fibres in rats. METHODS Trigeminal ganglion neurons that innervate the rat (n = 12) masseter muscle and lower lip were identified by tissue injection of fluorescent dyes and were then stained with antibodies against β1 or β2 adrenergic receptors. Extracellular recordings from 60 trigeminal ganglion neurons that innervate the masticatory muscle were undertaken in a second group of anaesthetised rats of both sexes (n = 37) to assess afferent mechanical activation thresholds. Thresholds were assessed before and after injection of the β adrenergic receptor agonists into masticatory muscle. RESULTS β1 and β2 adrenergic receptor expression was greater in labial skin than in masticatory muscle ganglion neurons (p < .05, one-way ANOVA, Holm-Sidak test). There was a higher expression of β2 adrenergic receptors in masticatory muscle ganglion neurons in males than in females. The mixed β agonist isoproterenol increased afferent mechanical activation threshold in male but not female rats (p < .05, Mann-Whitney test). In male rats, salbutamol, a β2 selective agonist, also increased afferent mechanical activation threshold but hydralazine, a vasodilator, did not (p < .05, Mann-Whitney test). CONCLUSION Activation of β2 adrenergic receptors decreases the mechanical sensitivity of masticatory muscle afferent fibres in a sex-related manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian E Cairns
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nathan He
- Department of Anesthesia, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Sadighparvar S, Al-Hamed FS, Sharif-Naeini R, Meloto CB. Preclinical orofacial pain assays and measures and chronic primary orofacial pain research: where we are and where we need to go. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2023; 4:1150749. [PMID: 37293433 PMCID: PMC10244561 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1150749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic primary orofacial pain (OFP) conditions such as painful temporomandibular disorders (pTMDs; i.e., myofascial pain and arthralgia), idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (TN), and burning mouth syndrome (BMS) are seemingly idiopathic, but evidence support complex and multifactorial etiology and pathophysiology. Important fragments of this complex array of factors have been identified over the years largely with the help of preclinical studies. However, findings have yet to translate into better pain care for chronic OFP patients. The need to develop preclinical assays that better simulate the etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical symptoms of OFP patients and to assess OFP measures consistent with their clinical symptoms is a challenge that needs to be overcome to support this translation process. In this review, we describe rodent assays and OFP pain measures that can be used in support of chronic primary OFP research, in specific pTMDs, TN, and BMS. We discuss their suitability and limitations considering the current knowledge of the etiology and pathophysiology of these conditions and suggest possible future directions. Our goal is to foster the development of innovative animal models with greater translatability and potential to lead to better care for patients living with chronic primary OFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Sadighparvar
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Reza Sharif-Naeini
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Cell Information Systems, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carolina Beraldo Meloto
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Zheng Q, Dong X, Green DP, Dong X. Peripheral mechanisms of chronic pain. MEDICAL REVIEW 2022; 2:251-270. [PMID: 36067122 PMCID: PMC9381002 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2022-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Acutely, pain serves to protect us from potentially harmful stimuli, however damage to the somatosensory system can cause maladaptive changes in neurons leading to chronic pain. Although acute pain is fairly well controlled, chronic pain remains difficult to treat. Chronic pain is primarily a neuropathic condition, but studies examining the mechanisms underlying chronic pain are now looking beyond afferent nerve lesions and exploring new receptor targets, immune cells, and the role of the autonomic nervous system in contributing chronic pain conditions. The studies outlined in this review reveal how chronic pain is not only confined to alterations in the nervous system and presents findings on new treatment targets and for this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xintong Dong
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dustin P. Green
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Xinzhong Dong
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Liu S, Kramer P, Tao F. Editorial: Mechanisms of Orofacial Pain and Sex Differences. Front Integr Neurosci 2021; 15:599580. [PMID: 33776662 PMCID: PMC7987920 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2021.599580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sufang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Phillip Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Feng Tao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, United States
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Mai L, Huang F, Zhu X, He H, Fan W. Role of Nerve Growth Factor in Orofacial Pain. J Pain Res 2020; 13:1875-1882. [PMID: 32801845 PMCID: PMC7399448 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s250030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Some chronic pain conditions in the orofacial region are common and the mechanisms underlying orofacial pain are unresolved. Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a member of a family of neurotrophins and regulates the growth, maintenance and development of neurons. Increasing evidence suggests that NGF plays a crucial role in the generation of pain and hyperalgesia in different pain states. This review investigates the role of NGF in orofacial pain and their underlying cellular mechanisms, which may provide essential guidance to drug-discovery programmes. A systemic literature search was conducted in Pubmed focusing on NGF and orofacial pain. Articles were reviewed, and those discussing in vitro studies, animal evidence, clinical course, and possible mechanisms were summarized. We found a hyperalgesic effect of NGF in peripheral sensitization in orofacial pain models. We also summarize the current knowledge regarding NGF-dependent pain mechanism, which is initiated by retrograde transport of the ligand-receptor complex, ensuing transcriptional regulation of many important nociceptor genes involved in nociceptive processing. Phase III trials suggest that anti-NGF drug is endorsed with anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects with good tolerance in a variety of pain conditions, including pain associated with osteoarthritis and chronic lower back pain. Based on the data reviewed herein, NGF is believed to be an important hyperalgesic mediator in orofacial pain. The identification of underlying mechanisms and pathways of orofacial pain opens new frontiers for pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijia Mai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwen He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenguo Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
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Oga S, Goto K, Sakamoto J, Honda Y, Sasaki R, Ishikawa K, Kataoka H, Nakano J, Origuchi T, Okita M. Mechanisms underlying immobilization-induced muscle pain in rats. Muscle Nerve 2020; 61:662-670. [PMID: 32083755 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated the mechanisms underlying immobilization-induced muscle pain in rats. METHODS In rat skeletal muscle, pressure pain threshold (PPT) of the gastrocnemius muscle was measured, and nerve growth factor (NGF) level, peripheral nerve fiber density, macrophage number, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) mRNA expression were examined. An NGF receptor inhibitor was injected intramuscularly to assess the relationship between PPT and NGF levels. RESULTS Immobilization resulted in a decrease in PPT and increases in NGF level, C-fiber density, M1 macrophage number, and IL-1β mRNA expression. Injection of NGF receptor inhibitor reversed the decrease in PPT. DISCUSSION NGF upregulation may be a major contributor to immobilization-induced muscle pain. The increases in C-fiber density, M1 macrophage number, and IL-1β mRNA expression may be related to immobilization-induced muscle pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Oga
- Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kyo Goto
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nagasaki Memorial Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Junya Sakamoto
- Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Honda
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ryo Sasaki
- Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Juzenkai Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kumiko Ishikawa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hideki Kataoka
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nagasaki Memorial Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Jiro Nakano
- Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomoki Origuchi
- Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Minoru Okita
- Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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Nerve growth factor concentrations in the synovial fluid from healthy dogs and dogs with secondary osteoarthritis. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2017; 24:279-84. [DOI: 10.3415/vcot-10-04-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2010] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
SummaryObjective: To measure the concentrations of nerve growth factor (NGF) in the synovial fluid from normal dogs and dogs with osteoarthritis (OA) secondary to common joint disorders.Methods: Nerve growth factor synovial concentrations were measured by ELISA assay in 50 dogs divided into three groups: 12 healthy, 16 affected by acute lameness within seven days before enrolment, and 22 with chronic lameness persisting by more than one month before enrolment and accompanied by radiological signs of OA. Both acute and chronic lameness were secondary to orthopaedic diseases involving the shoulder, elbow and stifle joints. Nerve growth factor synovial concentrations were compared between means for healthy and acute groups and between the three groups using an F-test. Significance level was set at p ±0.05.Results: Nerve growth factor was detected in all canine synovial fluid samples. However, the mean synovial NGF concentration of healthy dogs (3.65 ± 2.18 pg/ml) was not significantly different from the mean value in dogs with acute lameness (6.45 ± 2.45 pg/ml) (p ± 0.79). Conversely, the mean synovial NGF concentration in dogs with chronic lameness (20.19 ± 17.51 pg/ml) was found to be significantly higher than that found in healthy dogs (p ±0.01).Clinical significance: This study demonstrates for the first time the presence of NGF in canine synovial fluid and its increased concentrations in dogs with chronic lameness compared to healthy dogs and dogs with acute lameness. The association between chronic lameness and raised synovial concentrations may suggest an involvement of NGF in OA inflammation and chronic pain.
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Nerve growth factor induces facial heat hyperalgesia and plays a role in trigeminal neuropathic pain in rats. Behav Pharmacol 2017; 27:528-35. [PMID: 27392124 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
There is preclinical evidence that nerve growth factor (NGF) contributes toward inflammatory hyperalgesia in the orofacial region, but the mechanisms underlying its hyperalgesic effect as well as its role in trigeminal neuropathic pain require further investigation. This study investigated the ability of NGF to induce facial heat hyperalgesia and the involvement of tyrosine kinase receptor A, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1, and mast cells in NGF pronociceptive effects. In addition, the role of NGF in heat hyperalgesia in a model of trigeminal neuropathic pain was evaluated. NGF injection into the upper lip of naive rats induced long-lasting heat hyperalgesia. Pretreatment with an antibody anti-NGF, antagonists of tyrosine kinase receptor A, and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptors or compound 48/80, to induce mast-cell degranulation, all attenuated NGF-induced hyperalgesia. In a rat model of trigeminal neuropathic pain, local treatment with anti-NGF significantly reduced heat hyperalgesia. In addition, increased NGF levels were detected in the ipsilateral infraorbital nerve branch at the time point that represents the peak of heat hyperalgesia. The results suggest that NGF is a prominent hyperalgesic mediator in the trigeminal system and it may represent a potential therapeutic target for the management of painful orofacial conditions, including trigeminal neuropathic pain.
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Baraka A, Darwish I, Ghoneim M, Korayem H. β2-adrenoceptor agonists as potential therapeutic drugs in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 746:89-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Luong KVQ, Nguyen LTH. The role of β-adrenergic blockers in Parkinson's disease: possible genetic and cell-signaling mechanisms. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2013; 28:306-17. [PMID: 23695225 PMCID: PMC10852762 DOI: 10.1177/1533317513488919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Genetic studies have identified numerous factors linking β-adrenergic blockade to Parkinson's disease (PD), including human leukocyte antigen genes, the renin-angiotensin system, poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase 1, nerve growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, and the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. β-Adrenergic blockade has also been implicated in PD via its effects on matrix metalloproteinases, mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, prostaglandins, cyclooxygenase 2, and nitric oxide synthase. β-Adrenergic blockade may have a significant role in PD; therefore, the characterization of β-adrenergic blockade in patients with PD is needed.
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Oliveira-Fusaro MCG, Clemente-Napimoga JT, Teixeira JM, Torres-Chávez KE, Parada CA, Tambeli CH. 5-HT induces temporomandibular joint nociception in rats through the local release of inflammatory mediators and activation of local β adrenoceptors. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2012; 102:458-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2012.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Revised: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of salbutamol on acute and chronic models of inflammation in rats: involvement of an antioxidant mechanism. Mediators Inflamm 2012; 2012:438912. [PMID: 22665951 PMCID: PMC3361306 DOI: 10.1155/2012/438912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Revised: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The possible role of β-2 adrenergic receptors in modulation of inflammatory and nociceptive conditions suggests that the β-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, salbutamol, may have beneficial anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Therefore, in this study, we induced inflammatory and nociceptive responses with carrageenan-induced paw edema or cotton-pellet-induced granuloma models, both of which result in oxidative stress. We hypothesized that salbutamol would prevent inflammatory and nociceptive responses by stimulating β-2 adrenergic receptors and the prevention of generation of ROS during the acute inflammation process in rats. Both doses of salbutamol used in the study (1 and 2 mg/kg) effectively blocked the acute inflammation and inflammatory nociception induced by carrageenan. In the cotton-pellet-induced granuloma test, both doses of salbutamol also significantly decreased the weight of granuloma tissue on the cotton pellets when compared to the control. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of salbutamol were found to be comparable with those of indomethacin. Salbutamol decreased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and lipid peroxidation (LPO) level and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and level of glutathione (GSH) during the acute phase of inflammation. In conclusion, salbutamol can decrease acute and chronic inflammation, possibly through the stimulation of β-2 adrenergic receptors. This anti-inflammatory effect may be of significance in asthma treatment, where inflammation also takes part in the etiopathology. This study reveals that salbutamol has significant antioxidative effects, which at least partially explain its anti-inflammatory capabilities. These findings presented here may also shed light on the roles of β-2 adrenergic receptors in inflammatory and hyperalgesic conditions.
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Wu YW, Kou XX, Bi RY, Xu W, Wang KW, Gan YH, Ma XC. Hippocampal nerve growth factor potentiated by 17β-estradiol and involved in allodynia of inflamed TMJ in rat. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2012; 13:555-63. [PMID: 22560003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2012.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The hippocampus is believed to play an important role in sex-based differences of pain perception. Whether estrogen potentiates allodynia in the inflamed temporomandibular joint (TMJ) through affecting the expressions of pain-related genes in the hippocampus remains largely unknown. Because the nerve growth factor (NGF) is an important gene related to inflammatory pain, we tested whether hippocampal NGF may be involved in TMJ inflammatory pain. Here we showed that the rat hippocampal NGF was upregulated by TMJ inflammation induced by complete Freund adjuvant. NGF upregulation was further potentiated by estradiol in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, NGF transcription in the amygdala, prefrontal cortex, and thalamus was not affected by TMJ inflammation and estradiol. An intrahippocampal injection of NGF antibody or NGF receptor inhibitor K252a (inhibitor for tropomyosin receptor kinase A, TrkA) reduced the allodynia of inflamed TMJ in proestrous rats. Our data suggest that the hippocampal NGF is involved in estradiol-sensitized allodynia of inflammatory TMJ pain. PERSPECTIVE We report that complete Freund adjuvant-induced temporomandibular joint (TMJ) inflammation upregulated hippocampal nerve growth factor (NGF) expression, and estradiol replacement potentiated this upregulation. These results propose that estradiol could modulate TMJ pain through the NGF signaling pathway in the hippocampus to exacerbate TMJ pain and offer a possible mechanism of sexual dimorphism of temporomandibular disorder pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Wu
- Center for TMD & Orofacial Pain, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Fávaro-Moreira NC, Parada CA, Tambeli CH. Blockade of β₁-, β₂- and β₃-adrenoceptors in the temporomandibular joint induces antinociception especially in female rats. Eur J Pain 2012; 16:1302-10. [PMID: 22438216 DOI: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2012.00132.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) receives rich sympathetic innervations that may contribute to TMJ pain through the local release of sympathomimetic amines. The aim of this study was to determine whether blockade of β-adrenoceptors in the TMJ of male and female rats reduces formalin-induced TMJ nociceptive behaviour. METHODS We co-administrated each one of the selective β(1) -, β(2) - and β(3) -adrenoceptors antagonists, atenolol, ICI 118.551 and SR59230A, respectively, with formalin in the TMJ of male and proestrus and dioestrus female rats. Because intra-temporomandibular joint formalin induces significantly different concentration-dependent responses among the three groups, with dioestrus females showing greater responses than males or proestrus females, equi-nociceptive formalin concentrations were used to test the effects of the β-adrenoceptor antagonists. RESULTS We found that atenolol, ICI 118.551 and SR59230A significantly reduced formalin-induced TMJ nociception in a dose response fashion in both males and females. However, a lower dose of each β-adrenoceptor antagonist was sufficient to significantly reduce nociceptive responses in females than in males. Administration of the highest doses of each β-adrenoceptor antagonist in the TMJ contralateral to that receiving formalin did not affect formalin-induced nociception in males and females, confirming the local action of the β-adrenoceptor antagonists. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that blockade of β-adrenoceptors in the temporomandibular joint suppresses formalin-induced TMJ nociceptive behaviour in both males and females but females are more responsive. These findings suggest that the use of β-blockers in the treatment of TMJ pain might be of benefit, especially in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Fávaro-Moreira
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Laboratory of Orofacial Pain, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
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Genetics and Gene Expression Involving Stress and Distress Pathways in Fibromyalgia with and without Comorbid Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. PAIN RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2011; 2012:427869. [PMID: 22110941 PMCID: PMC3200121 DOI: 10.1155/2012/427869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 07/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In complex multisymptom disorders like fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) that are defined primarily by subjective symptoms, genetic and gene expression profiles can provide very useful objective information. This paper summarizes research on genes that may be linked to increased susceptibility in developing and maintaining these disorders, and research on resting and stressor-evoked changes in leukocyte gene expression, highlighting physiological pathways linked to stress and distress. These include the adrenergic nervous system, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and serotonergic pathways, and exercise responsive metabolite-detecting ion channels. The findings to date provide some support for both inherited susceptibility and/or physiological dysregulation in all three systems, particularly for catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) genes, the glucocorticoid and the related mineralocorticoid receptors (NR3C1, NR3C2), and the purinergic 2X4 (P2X4) ion channel involved as a sensory receptor for muscle pain and fatigue and also in upregulation of spinal microglia in chronic pain models. Methodological concerns for future research, including potential influences of comorbid clinical depression and antidepressants and other medications, on gene expression are also addressed.
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Tesser-Viscaíno SA, Denadai-Souza A, Teixeira SA, Ervolino E, Cruz-Rizzolo RJ, Costa SK, Muscará MN, Casatti CA. Putative antinociceptive action of nitric oxide in the caudal part of the spinal trigeminal nucleus during chronic carrageenan-induced arthritis in the rat temporomandibular joint. Brain Res 2009; 1302:85-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2009] [Revised: 09/14/2009] [Accepted: 09/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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