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Chaimati S, Shantavasinkul PC, Sritara P, Sirivarasai J. Effects of AGT and AGTR1 Genetic Polymorphisms and Changes in Blood Pressure Over a Five-Year Follow-Up. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2023; 16:2931-2942. [PMID: 38164294 PMCID: PMC10758254 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s442983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The renin-angiotensin system plays an important role in the central regulation of blood pressure (BP). Genetic variations of angiotensinogen (AGT) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AGTR1) may increase susceptibility to elevated BP and hypertension. This study investigated the effects of AGT rs699 and AGTR1 rs5186 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on BP at baseline and at a 5-year follow-up. Paticipants and Methods The study population consisted of participants from the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand cohort study (n=354); data were collected at baseline (2013) and 5 years later (2018). Genotyping of the two SNPs was performed using TaqMan® assay and statistical analyses were performed with SNPStats software. Results The frequencies of the two SNPs were within the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p=0.22 for AGT rs699 and p=0.06 for AGTR1 rs5186). For each SNP, mutant genotypes were significantly associated with increased systolic BP and/or diastolic BP in the codominant and recessive models. Risk alleles of AGT rs699 and AGTR1 rs5186 were associated with increased odds of hypertension and hypertension with metabolic syndrome at follow-up. Conclusion Overall, our results suggest that polymorphisms of genes in the renin-angiotensin system increase susceptibility to the development and progression of hypertension and the development of the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwaphorn Chaimati
- Doctoral Program in Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital and Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Piyamitr Sritara
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Jintana Sirivarasai
- Nutrition Division, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
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Ashour E, Gouda W, Mageed L, Okasha A, Afify M, Fawzi OM. Association of gene polymorphisms of ACE, AGT, and ARNT-like protein 1 with susceptibility to gestational diabetes. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-022-00273-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and aims
Gestational diabetes mellitus is well-defined as glucose intolerance first documented during pregnancy. In this study, we examined the possible associations between I/D polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene, the M235T variant of angiotensinogen gene, and the rs7950226 polymorphism of the ARNT-like protein-1 (BMAL1) gene and the risk for diabetes in Egyptian pregnant women.
Subjects and methods
This study recruited 160 gestational diabetes cases and 165 controls. Genomic DNA was derived from peripheral blood leukocytes and ACE gene (I/D) genotyping was performed using the method of polymerase chain reaction and the polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism was used for identifying the M235T variant of AGT gene and the rs7950226 polymorphism of the BMAL1.
Results
The II, ID, and DD genotypes of the ACE gene have significant differences in cases compared to controls (P = 0.000 and X2 = 81.77). The M235T polymorphism of the AGT gene was increased with gestational diabetes risk. Furthermore, the AA genotype of the BMAL1 rs7950226 gene was significantly related to the gestational diabetes risk (P = 0.000 and X2 = 52.82). Furthermore, the allele frequencies of the three variants have significant variances between cases and control.
Conclusion
This study suggested significant associations between ACE (DD), AGT (TT), and BMAL1 rs7950226 (AA) gene polymorphisms with gestational diabetes susceptibility and there was a possibility to identify that II + MM + GG as protective haplotypes and DD + TT + AA as risk haplotypes for gestational diabetes.
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Hou L, Quan X, Li X, Su X. Correlation between gene polymorphism in angiotensin II type 1 receptor and type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by hypertension in a population of Inner Mongolia. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 21:83. [PMID: 32306916 PMCID: PMC7168833 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-01021-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background The role of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) as a key player in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with hypertension remains controversial. The present case-control study systematically investigated the association between gene the correct variation type in the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) gene and type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with hypertension in the Han population from the Inner Mongolia region, China. Method Here, state which variants were analysis, including age, occupation, triglyceride, systolic, diastolic, sex, culture, marital status, smoking, alcohol, BMI (body mass index), SBP (systolic blood pressure), DBP (diastolic blood pressure), TG (triglyceride), TC (total cholesterol), HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), FPG (fasting plasma glucose). Genomic DNA was extracted from samples from 202 type 2 diabetic patients with hypertension and 216 type 2 diabetic patients without hypertension. Results Non-conditional regression analysis showed that in comparison with the TT genotype, the presence of the CC genotype for the T573 site of the AT1R gene increased the risk for diabetes mellitus complicated with hypertension by 3.219-fold (OR = 3.219, 95% CI: 1.042–9.941, P = 0.042). The results from multivariate linear regression analysis suggested the rs5182 polymorphism in the AT1R gene to be associated with diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.032). No other associations were found between the incidence of disease and the correct variation type at other sites of the AT1R gene. Conclusions Our results suggest that the rs5182 polymorphism in the AT1R gene is associated with diabetes complicated by hypertension in the Han population of Inner Mongolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Hou
- Clinical Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Quan
- Chifeng College of Medicine, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Li
- Clinical Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiulan Su
- Clinical Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
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Ramuš SM, Petrovič D. Genetic Variations and Subclinical Markers of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2018; 17:16-24. [DOI: 10.2174/1570161116666180206112635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and its cardiovascular complications are the main cause of death in diabetic
patients. Patients with diabetes mellitus have a greater than 10-fold risk of cardiovascular disease in
their lifetime. The carotid Intima-Media Thickness (cIMT), a surrogate marker for the presence and
progression of atherosclerosis, predicts future cardiovascular events in asymptomatic subjects with Type
2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This review focuses on genetic variants that contribute to the pathobiology
of subclinical atherosclerosis in the setting of T2DM. Specifically, we devoted our attention to wellstudied
genes selected for their relevance for atherosclerosis. These include: The Renin-Angiotensin-
Aldosterone System (RAAS), Apolipoprotein E (ApoE), Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR)
and pro-inflammatory genes.
</P><P>
The ever-growing availability of advanced genotyping technologies has made Genome-Wide Association
Studies (GWAS) possible. Although several bioinformatics tools have been developed to manage
and interpret the huge amounts of data produced, there has been limited success in the many attempts to
uncover the biological meaning of the novel susceptibility loci for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mankoč Ramuš
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Daniel Petrovič
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Zitouni H, Ben Ali Gannoum M, Raguema N, Maleh W, Zouari I, Faleh RE, Guibourdenche J, Almawi WY, Mahjoub T. Contribution of angiotensinogen M235T and T174M gene variants and haplotypes to preeclampsia and its severity in (North African) Tunisians. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2018; 19:1470320317753924. [PMID: 29366364 PMCID: PMC5843851 DOI: 10.1177/1470320317753924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-associated hypertensive disorder and a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. While its pathogenesis remains ill defined, several candidate genes for PE have been identified, but results remain inconclusive. We investigated the association of the angiotensinogen ( AGT) gene variants M235T and T174M with PE, and we analyzed the contribution of both variants to the severity of PE. METHODS This case-control study enrolled 550 Tunisian pregnant women: 272 with PE, of whom 147 presented with mild, and 125 with severe PE, along with 278 unrelated age- and ethnically matched control women. AGT genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS Significantly higher M235T minor allele frequency (MAF) was associated with increased risk of PE ( p < 0.001). Decreased frequency of heterozygous T174M genotype carriers were found in control women ( p = 0.015), suggesting a protective effect of this genotype (odds ratio (95% confidence interval) = 0.51 (0.29-0.89)). Two-locus haplotype analysis demonstrated MM and TT haplotypes to be negatively and positively associated with PE, respectively. MAF of M253T, but not T174M, was higher in the severe PE group, and carrying M235T or T174M minor allele was associated with increased body mass index ( p < 0.001) among unselected PE women. CONCLUSIONS AGT M235T and T174M variants contribute to an increased risk of developing PE, and for M235T to PE severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedia Zitouni
- 1 Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases (LR12ES07), College of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Tunisia.,2 Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunisia.,3 INSERM UMR-S1139 College of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, France
| | - Marwa Ben Ali Gannoum
- 1 Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases (LR12ES07), College of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Tunisia.,2 Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunisia
| | - Nozha Raguema
- 1 Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases (LR12ES07), College of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Tunisia.,2 Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunisia
| | - Wided Maleh
- 4 Centre of Maternity and Neonatology, Tunisia
| | - Ines Zouari
- 4 Centre of Maternity and Neonatology, Tunisia
| | | | - Jean Guibourdenche
- 3 INSERM UMR-S1139 College of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, France
| | - Wassim Y Almawi
- 5 Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
| | - Touhami Mahjoub
- 1 Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases (LR12ES07), College of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Tunisia
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Razi F, Daneshpour MS, Karimoei M, Mehrabzadeh M, Bandarian F, Bahreini E, Qorbani M, Pasalar P. AGTR1 rs5186 variants in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and nephropathy. Meta Gene 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Erbas T, Cinar N, Dagdelen S, Gedik A, Yorgun H, Canpolat U, Kabakci G, Alikasifoglu M. Association between ACE and AGT polymorphism and cardiovascular risk in acromegalic patients. Pituitary 2017; 20:569-577. [PMID: 28712073 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-017-0819-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Whether the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a role or not in the development of cardiovascular morbidity in acromegaly patients is unknown. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between ACE (I/D) and AGT (M235T) gene polymorphisms and cardiovascular and metabolic disorders in the acromegaly. METHODS The study included one hundred and seventeen acromegalic patients (62 F/55 M, age: 50.2 ± 12.3 years) and 106 healthy controls (92 F/14 M, age: 41.4 ± 11.3 years). PCR method was used to evaluate the prevalence of ACE and AGT genotype. RESULTS The genotypes of ACE polymorphism in acromegalic patients were distributed as follows; 41.0% (n: 48) for DD, 44.4% (n: 52) for ID and 14.5% (n: 17) for II genotype. The control group had significantly different distribution of the ACE polymorphism [48.1% (n: 51) for DD, 25.5% (n: 27) for ID and 26.4% (n: 28) for II genotype]compared to acromegalic group. Regarding AGT polymorphism, AGT-MT genotype was seen in 88.9% of the acromegalic patients while MM and TT genotype (9.4% and 1.7%, respectively) were present in the rest. The controls had similar distribution of the AGT genotype with the acromegaly group (80.2% MT genotype, 15.1% MM genotype and 4.7% TT genotype). Due to the small number of patients with TT allele (n: 2), T carriers for AGT genotype (AGT-MT+TT) were subgrouped and compared to those with AGT-MM group. ACE-DD, ID and II groups had similar anthropometric measures, blood pressure values and baseline GH and IGF-1 levels. Significantly higher baseline GH levels were found in AGT-MM group compared to T allele carriers [40 (16-60) vs. 12 (5-36) µg/L, p < 0.05]. The compared groups in both polymorphisms had similar fasting plasma glucose levels. Patients with ACE-II genotype had significantly higher HDL-C levels compared to those with ACE-DD and ACE-ID polymorphisms (p < 0.05) whereas there was no significant difference in lipid profile between AGT-MM group and AGT-T allele carriers. Moreover, the compared groups in both polymorphisms had similar distribution of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, impaired glucose metabolism (prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus) and coronary artery disease. In terms of echocardiographic parameters, systolic and diastolic function was similar among the groups in ACE and AGT genotypes. Interestingly, AGT-MM group had higher mitral inflow Apeak values than T allele carriers (0.94 ± 0.46 vs. 0.73 ± 0.20; p = 0.051). No significant difference was observed in LV mass index values in acromegalic patients among the groups in both polymorphisms. CONCLUSIONS Both ACE (I/D) and AGT (M235T) gene polymorphisms do not seem to have a significant effect on the development of clinical properties or cardiovascular comordities of acromegalic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomris Erbas
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Nese Cinar
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selcuk Dagdelen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arzu Gedik
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hikmet Yorgun
- Department of Cardiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ugur Canpolat
- Department of Cardiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Giray Kabakci
- Department of Cardiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Alikasifoglu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Yako YY, Guewo-Fokeng M, Balti EV, Bouatia-Naji N, Matsha TE, Sobngwi E, Erasmus RT, Echouffo-Tcheugui JB, Kengne AP. Genetic risk of type 2 diabetes in populations of the African continent: A systematic review and meta-analyses. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2016; 114:136-50. [PMID: 26830076 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is growing faster in Africa than anywhere else, driven by the dual effects of genetic and environmental factors. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses of published studies on genetic markers of T2D in populations within Africa. METHODS Multiple databases were searched for studies of genetic variants associated with T2D in populations living in Africa. Studies reporting on the association of a genetic marker with T2D or indicators of glycaemia were included. Data were extracted on study design and characteristics, genetic determinants, effect estimates of associations with T2D. FINDINGS Overall, 100 polymorphisms in 57 genes have been investigated in relation with T2D in populations within Africa, in 60 studies. Almost all studies used the candidate gene approach, with >88% published during 2006-2014 and 70% (42/60) originating from Tunisia and Egypt. Polymorphisms in ACE, AGRP, eNOS, GSTP1, HSP70-2, MC4R, MTHFR, PHLPP, POL1, TCF7L2, and TNF-α gene were found to be associated with T2D, with overlapping effect on various cardiometabolic traits. The polymorphisms investigated in multiple studies mostly had consistent effects across studies, with only modest or no statistical heterogeneity. Effect sizes were modestly significant [e.g., odd ratio 1.49 (95%CI 1.33-1.66) for TCF7L2 (rs7903146)]. Underpowered genome-wide studies revealed no diabetes risk loci specific to African populations. INTERPRETATION Current evidence on the genetic markers of T2D in African populations mostly originate from North African countries, is overall scanty and largely insufficient to reliably inform the genetic architecture of T2D across Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandiswa Y Yako
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Magellan Guewo-Fokeng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Eric V Balti
- Diabetes Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Brussels Free University, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nabila Bouatia-Naji
- INSERM UMR970 Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, 56 rue Leblanc F-75015 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, PRES Paris Sorbonne, 12 rue de l'école de medecine F75006 Paris, France
| | - Tandi E Matsha
- Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Eugene Sobngwi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Rajiv T Erasmus
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Justin B Echouffo-Tcheugui
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Medicine, MedStar Health System, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andre P Kengne
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; The George Institute for Global Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion gene polymorphism in cystic fibrosis patients. J Genet 2016; 95:193-6. [PMID: 27019450 DOI: 10.1007/s12041-015-0609-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Moradi M, Rahimi Z, Amiri S, Rahimi Z, Vessal M, Nasri H. AT1R A1166C variants in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy. J Nephropathol 2015; 4:69-76. [PMID: 26310144 PMCID: PMC4544557 DOI: 10.12860/jnp.2015.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There are inconsistent reports related to the role of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) on the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its renal complications.
Objectives: To identify the association between AT1R A1166C variants with the risk of T2DM and also with diabetic nephropathy (DN).
Patients and Methods: In a case-control study, the AT1R A1166C polymorphism was detected in 135 T2DM patients with and without DN and in 98 healthy subjects from Western Iran. The genotypes of AT1R A1166C polymorphism were detected using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method.
Results: The frequencies of AT1R A1166C genotypes and alleles were not significantly difference between patients with and without DN and controls. The frequencies of rare allele of 1166 C were 10%, 16.5%, 15.9% and 15.3% in micro-, macro- and normo-albuminuric patients and in healthy individuals, respectively (
P
> 0.05). The systolic blood pressure and serum creatinine level in DN patients were significantly higher in carriers of AT1R CC compared to carriers of AT1R AA genotype. In the presence of uncontrolled hyperglycemia (HbA1c > 7.5%), there was a trend toward increased risk of macro-albuminuria in carriers of AC+CC genotype (OR=3.66, [95% CI: 0.81-16.58],
P
= 0.092).
Conclusions: Our study indicated the absence of an association between AT1R A1166C polymorphism with the risk of T2DM and DN. It seems in carriers of AT1R C allele systolic blood pressure and serum creatinine level to be higher compared to the A allele carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoudreza Moradi
- Department of Urology and Regenerative Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zohreh Rahimi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran ; Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sonia Amiri
- Department of Biochemistry, Fars Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran
| | - Ziba Rahimi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahmood Vessal
- Department of Biochemistry, Fars Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran
| | - Hamid Nasri
- Department of Nephrology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Rahimi Z, Rahimi Z, Aghaei A, Vaisi-Raygani A. AT2R -1332 G:A polymorphism and its interaction with AT1R 1166 A:C, ACE I/D and MMP-9 -1562 C:T polymorphisms: risk factors for susceptibility to preeclampsia. Gene 2014; 538:176-81. [PMID: 24440243 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The possible association of angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) -1332 G:A polymorphism with susceptibility to preeclampsia was studied in 252 women consisted of 155 women with preeclampsia and 97 healthy pregnant women. Also, the interaction of this polymorphism with angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) 1166 A:C, angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion (ACE I/D) and also with matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) -1562 C:T polymorphism was investigated. The AT2R -1332 G:A polymorphism was detected using PCR-RFLP method. Significantly higher frequencies of GG+GA genotype and G allele of AT2R were observed in mild (80.2%, p=0.003 and 47.5%, p=0.012, respectively) and severe (77.8%, p=0.034 and 48.1%, p=0.026, respectively) preeclampsia compared to controls (60.8% and 35.1%, respectively). The presence of G allele was associated with 1.69-fold increased risk of preeclampsia (p=0.005). In severe preeclamptic women, systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the presence of GG+GA genotype were significantly higher compared to those in the presence of AA genotype. The concomitant presence of both alleles of AT2R G and AT1R C was associated with 1.3 times increased risk of mild preeclampsia (p=0.03). There was an interaction between AT2R G and ACE D alleles that significantly increased the risk of mild and severe preeclampsia by 1.38- and 1.3-fold, respectively. Also, interaction between MMP-9 T and AT2R G alleles increased the risk of severe preeclampsia 1.39-fold (p=0.028). Our study demonstrated that the G allele of AT2R -1332 G:A polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia. Also, epistatic interaction of G allele and each allele of the AT1R C, ACE D and MMP-9 T was associated with the risk of preeclampsia. Our findings suggest that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) variants and gene-gene interactions affect the risk of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Rahimi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Ziba Rahimi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amir Aghaei
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Asad Vaisi-Raygani
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Hsouna S, Ben Halim N, Lasram K, Arfa I, Jamoussi H, Bahri S, Ammar SB, Miladi N, Abid A, Abdelhak S, Kefi R. Association study of mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes in Tunisian population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 26:367-72. [PMID: 24102601 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2013.836508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation may play an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2Ds). In this study, we aimed to explore whether mtDNA variants contribute to the susceptibility to T2Ds in a Tunisian population. The hypervariable region 1 (HVS1) of the mtDNA of 64 T2Ds patients and 77 healthy controls was amplified and sequenced. Statistical analysis was performed using the STATA program. Analysis of the total screened variants (N = 88) from the HVS1 region showed no significant difference in the distribution of all polymorphisms between T2Ds and controls, except for the variant G16390A which was more frequent in T2Ds (15.9%) than in controls (5.4%) (p = 0.04). The association of G16390A was not detected after multivariate regression analysis. Similarly, analysis of the distribution of mitochondrial haplogroups within our dataset showed 18 distinct major haplogroups with no significant difference between T2Ds and controls. Except, the weakly association found for the G16390A variant, our results showed that none of the tested polymorphisms from the HVS1 region have a major role in T2Ds pathogenesis in the studied Tunisian population even when taking into account the population stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Hsouna
- Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Laboratory (LR 11 IPT 05), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université El Manar de Tunis , Tunis , Tunisia
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Rahimi Z, Mansouri Zaveleh O, Rahimi Z, Abbasi A. AT2R -1332 G:A polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. J Renal Inj Prev 2013; 2:97-101. [PMID: 25340140 PMCID: PMC4206021 DOI: 10.12861/jrip.2013.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The rennin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a central role in the regulation of sodium metabolism, vascular tone, blood pressure, renal hemodynamics, and vascular modeling and is activated by hyperglycemiaObjectives: In the present study the influence of AT2R -1332 G:A polymorphism on the risk of T2DM and its complications in a population from Western Iran has been investigated.
Patients and Methods: In a case-control study, 70 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) including normo-, micro- and macro-albuminuric patients and 112 healthy subjects from the Kermanshah province were studied to investigate the association between the angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) -1332 G:A variants with the risk of T2DM and its complications. The genotypes of the AT2R were detected using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Analysis of AT2R -1332 G:A polymorphism indicated the absence of association between this polymorphism with T2DM and diabetic nephropathy.
Results: Analysis of AT2R -1332 G:A polymorphism indicated the absence of association between this polymorphism with T2DM and diabetic nephropathy. In females with diabetic nephropathy a significantly higher frequency of AA genotype (50%) was detected compared to those without nephropathy (13.3%, p=0.015). The presence of A allele of AT2R was associated with significantly (p=0.029) increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in diabetic patients without nephropathy.
Conclusion: Our study indicated an association between the AT2R -1332 G:A polymorphism and the risk of diabetic nephropathy in females only. Also, the A allele was associated with the risk of CAD in those diabetic patients without nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Rahimi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran ; Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Omid Mansouri Zaveleh
- Department of Biochemistry, Sanandaj Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Ziba Rahimi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ardeshir Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Sanandaj Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
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Pacholczyk M, Ferenc T, Kowalski J, Adamczyk P, Chojnowski J, Ponikowska I. Association of angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin II type I receptor gene polymorphisms with extreme obesity in Polish individuals. DNA Cell Biol 2013; 32:435-42. [PMID: 23745680 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2013.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is strong evidence for the presence of a functional renin-angiotensin system in human adipose tissue. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of polymorphic variants of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE I/D) and angiotensin II type I receptor gene (AGTR1 A1166C) with extreme obesity and obesity-associated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to examine their combined effect on extremely obese patients. Overall, no significant associations were detected between ACE and AGTR1 gene polymorphisms and extreme obesity. However, extremely obese patients with T2DM showed an increased frequency of ACE II genotype compared with controls (p<0.05) and with non-diabetic extremely obese patients (p<0.01). The results suggest that II genotype of ACE was a significant contributor to extreme obesity in AA homozygotes of AGTR1 gene, regardless of the presence of T2DM. Moreover, the analysis of genetic polymorphisms demonstrated that ACE II and AGTR1 AC genotypes were most frequently observed in patients with extreme obesity and T2DM. On the basis of our results, we suggest that ACE II homozygosity may be a significant predictor of extreme obesity and T2DM and that the interaction between ACE and AGTR1 genes may be considered a predisposing factor for extreme obesity and extreme obesity-associated T2DM development.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Case-Control Studies
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Epistasis, Genetic/physiology
- Female
- Genetic Association Studies
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Genotype
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Obesity, Morbid/complications
- Obesity, Morbid/epidemiology
- Obesity, Morbid/genetics
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/genetics
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/physiology
- Poland/epidemiology
- Polymorphism, Genetic/physiology
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pacholczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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15
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Al-Najai M, Muiya P, Tahir AI, Elhawari S, Gueco D, Andres E, Mazhar N, Altassan N, Alshahid M, Dzimiri N. Association of the angiotensinogen gene polymorphism with atherosclerosis and its risk traits in the Saudi population. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2013; 13:17. [PMID: 23497386 PMCID: PMC3605175 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2261-13-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Angiotensinogen (AGT) constitutes a central component of the renin-angiotensin system that controls the systemic blood pressure and several other cardiovascular functions and may play an important role in atherosclerosis pathways. In this study, we employed TaqMan genotyping assays to evaluate the role of 8 AGT variants in primary hypertension (HTN), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and obesity as a possible trigger of coronary artery disease (CAD) in a population of 4615 angiographed native Saudi individuals. Methods Linkage analysis was done by using the Affymetrix Gene Chip array, sequencing by using the MegaBACE DNA analysis system and genotyping accomplished by TaqMan chemistry using the Applied Biosystem real-time Prism 7900HT Sequence Detection System. Results Six variants, rs2067853 GG [Odds ratio(95% Confidence Interval) = 1.44(1.17-1.78); p = 0.001], rs7079 [1.49(1.20-1.85); p < 0.0001], rs699 G [1.19(1.08-1.13); p < 0.0001], rs3789679 A [1.51(1.14-1.99); p = 0.004], rs2148582 GG [1.31(1.11-1.55); p = 0.002] and rs5051 TC + CC [1.32(1.13-1.60); p = 0.001] conferred risk for HTN (3521 cases versus 1094 controls). The rs2067853 (p = 0.042), rs699G (p = 0.007) and rs5051 (p = 0.051) also conferred risk for myocardial infarction (MI; 2982 vs 1633), while rs3789679 A (p < 0.0001) and GA + AA (p < 0.0001) as well as rs4762G (p = 0.019) were associated with obesity (1576 vs 2458). However, while these variants appeared to be also associated with CAD (2323 vs 2292), only the rs7079G (p = 0.035) retained its significant relationship. Interestingly, among the haplotypes constructed from these SNPs, the baseline 8-mer haplotype, GGTGGGGT (χ2 = 7.02; p = 0.0081) and another GGCGGAGT (χ2 = 5.10; p = 0.024), together with several of their derivatives were associated with HTN. T2DM was associated with two 8-mer haplotypes, GGTAGGAC (χ2 = 5.66; p = 0.017) and ATTGAGAC (χ2 = 5.93; p = 0.015), obesity with GGCGGAGT (χ2 = 9.49; p = 0.0021) and MI was linked to ATTGGGAC (χ2 = 6.68; p = 0.010) and GGTGGGAT (χ2 = 4.25; p = 0.039). Furthermore, several causative haplotypes were also shared among the risk traits as well as with CAD. Conclusion These results point to AGT as independently conferring risk for various cardiovascular traits, and possibly interacting with these traits in events leading to atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Najai
- Genetics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Ali A, Alghasham A, Ismail H, Dowaidar M, Settin A. ACE I/D and eNOS E298D gene polymorphisms in Saudi subjects with hypertension. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2012; 14:348-53. [PMID: 23042814 DOI: 10.1177/1470320312459976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension has a multifactorial background based on genetic and environmental interactive factors. OBJECTIVES We aimed to test for the association of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene polymorphisms with hypertension. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Participants included 120 Saudi patients with hypertension and 250 normal healthy controls. For all participants, DNA was processed for characterization of ACE I/D and eNOS E298D gene polymorphisms. RESULTS Hypertensive cases showed a significantly higher frequency of the ACE mutant D allele carriage (98.3% vs. 92.4%, p = 0.028, OR = 4.8). Cases with hypertension associated with diabetes and obesity showed 100% mutant D allele carriage. Regarding the eNOS E298D polymorphism, the frequency of the mutant D allele carriage was only observed to be higher among cases with hypertension associated with diabetes and obesity, in comparison with controls, yet not reaching statistical significance (41.2% vs. 34%, p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS There is increased frequency of ACE and eNOS mutant allele carriage among Saudi patients affected with hypertension, particularly if accompanied by obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ali
- 1Molecular Biology Research Center, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Burayda, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Berhouma R, Kouidhi S, Ammar M, Abid H, Baroudi T, Ennafaa H, Benammar-Elgaaied A. Genetic Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes: A Global Meta-Analysis Studying the Genetic Differences in Tunisian Populations. Hum Biol 2012; 84:423-35. [DOI: 10.3378/027.084.0405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Xu Y, Bao Q, He B, Pan Y, Zhang R, Mao X, Tang Z, Qu L, Zhu C, Tian F, Wang S. Association of angiotensin I converting enzyme, angiotensin II type 1 receptor and angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 gene polymorphisms with the dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetic patients of Chinese Han origin. J Endocrinol Invest 2012; 35:378-83. [PMID: 21670585 DOI: 10.3275/7797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the genetic polymorphisms in the angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) (insertion/ deletion, or I/D), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) (rs5186), and ACE2 (rs2285666) could be associated with dyslipidemia in Type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients of Chinese Han origin. DESIGN AND METHODS The above 3 polymorphisms were genotyped in a total of 282 patients with T2D and dyslipidemia (Group A), 182 patients with T2D but without dyslipidemia (Group B), and 324 healthy controls. The association between a certain polymorphism and each group was assessed by an odds ratio (OR). RESULTS The D allele of the ACE (I/D) was significantly associated with the risk of T2D accompanying dyslipidemia between group A and controls [OR=1.37, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.08-1.74; p=0.010], and significant association of the D allele with dyslipidemia was also observed in diabetic patients (OR=1.88, 95% CI=1.40-2.54; p<0.001). Furthermore, the ID genotype had a decreased risk of developing T2D without dyslipidemia as compared with controls (OR=0.52, 95% CI=0.32-0.82; p=0.0060). The distributions of the AT1R (rs5186) and ACE2 (rs2285666) genotypes and alleles did not differ between T2D patients with or without dyslipidemia and the controls. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that the ACE (I/D) polymorphism is associated with T2D, regardless of the absence or presence of dyslipidemia. The polymorphisms in the AT1R (rs5186) and ACE2 (rs2285666) seem to play lesser roles in the development of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Xu
- Department of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Kalupahana NS, Moustaid-Moussa N. The renin-angiotensin system: a link between obesity, inflammation and insulin resistance. Obes Rev 2012; 13:136-49. [PMID: 22034852 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2011.00942.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is classically known for its role in regulation of blood pressure, fluid and electrolyte balance. Recently, several local RASs in organs such as brain, heart, pancreas and adipose tissue have also been identified. Evidence from clinical trials suggests that in addition to anti-hypertensive effects, pharmacological inhibition of RAS also provides protection against the development of type-2 diabetes. Moreover, animal models with targeted inactivation of RAS genes exhibit improved insulin sensitivity and are protected from high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Because there is evidence for RAS overactivation in obesity, it is possible that RAS is a link between obesity and insulin resistance. This review summarizes the evidence and mechanistic insights on the associations between RAS, obesity and insulin resistance, with special emphasis on the role of adipose tissue RAS in the pathogenesis of metabolic derangements in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Kalupahana
- Obesity Research Center, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-4588, USA
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20
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Ono M, Ochi T, Munekage K, Ogasawara M, Hirose A, Nozaki Y, Takahashi M, Okamoto N, Saibara T. Angiotensinogen gene haplotype is associated with the prevalence of Japanese non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatol Res 2011; 41:1223-9. [PMID: 21988197 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2011.00883.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) patients frequently have hypertension, which is considered to be an important predictive factor for the subsequent development of hepatic fibrosis. The renin-angiotensin system is also known to contribute to the progression of NASH. Various types of functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involved in the development of NASH have been proposed. Angiotensinogen (AGT) gene SNPs related to cardiovascular diseases have been reported. We aimed to evaluate the involvement of the AGT gene haplotype in Japanese NASH patients. METHODS Previously described genotypes of SNPs of the AGT gene, rs4762 C/T polymorphism (T207M), rs699 C/T polymorphism (T268M), and rs7079 C/A polymorphism (C11537A), were determined in 124 Japanese biopsy-proven NASH patients and 150 healthy volunteers (controls). RESULTS The allele and genotype frequencies in rs4762 and rs699 SNPs in NASH patients were similar to those in controls, while the frequency of the A allele and A/- genotype in rs7079 SNPs were much higher in NASH patients than in controls. In addition, the 3-SNP haplotype CTA was significantly over-represented in NASH patients compared with controls. Regarding clinical features of NASH patients, diastolic blood pressures in patients with the CTA/- genotype were much higher than in patients with other genotypes. CONCLUSIONS We found a 3-SNP haplotype of the AGT gene that is involved in the development of NASH and influences hypertension in NASH patients. These results provide new insight into the therapy of NASH patients with the CTA haplotype using ACE inhibitors or angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Ono
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi, Japan
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