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Wang X, Wang X, Yao H, Shen C, Geng K, Xie H. A comprehensive review on Schisandrin and its pharmacological features. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:783-794. [PMID: 37658213 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02687-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Schisandrin stands as one of the primary active compounds within the widely used traditional medicinal plant Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. This compound exhibits sedative, hypnotic, anti-aging, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties, showcasing its effectiveness across various liver diseases while maintaining a favorable safety profile. However, the bioavailability of schisandrin is largely affected by hepatic and intestinal first-pass metabolism, which limits the clinical efficacy of schisandrin. In this paper, we review the various pharmacological effects and related mechanisms of schisandrin, in order to provide reference for subsequent drug research and promote its medicinal value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Wang
- Anhui Provincial Center for Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu, 241000, China
- Wannan Medical College, No.22, Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Xingwen Wang
- Anhui Provincial Center for Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Wannan Medical College, No.22, Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Chaozhuang Shen
- Anhui Provincial Center for Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Kuo Geng
- Anhui Provincial Center for Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Haitang Xie
- Anhui Provincial Center for Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu, 241000, China.
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Lee YS, Kim SM, Park EJ, Lee HJ. Anti-arthritic effects of Schisandra chinensis extract in monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis rats. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:2261-2272. [PMID: 36059019 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Schisandra chinensis (SC) extract on clinical symptoms of osteoarthritis and the modulating effect on the mechanisms associated with the progression of osteoarthritis in a rat model of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis-induced rats were randomized into four groups: MIA injection control (MC), MIA injection with celecoxib (PC), MIA injection with SC extract 100 mg/kg (SC100), and MIA injection with SC extract 200 mg/kg (SC200). Another healthy group received a saline injection as a negative control (NC). During the treatment, weight-bearing measurements were performed once a week for 4 weeks. Histopathological and biochemical analyses of the joints, blood, and chondrocyte tissue were performed following the completion of treatment. Compared with MC rats, SC rats demonstrated significantly alleviated pain behavior, bone erosion, and cartilage degradation. SC reduced serum levels of matrix metalloproteinases and pro-inflammatory cytokines. SC treatment also reversed the levels of biomarkers such as Collagen II and ADAMTS4 in the cartilage tissue. Moreover, SC administration inhibited the phosphorylation levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and NF-κB Inhibitor alpha. This study demonstrates that SC ameliorated osteoarthritis at in vivo level. Our results suggest that SC might be a potential therapeutic agent for osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Suk Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea. .,Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea. .,Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, Gyeonggi-do, 21999, Republic of Korea.
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Kato T, Ma N, Ito T, Nishimura A, Sudo A, Yamashita T. Characterization of Bone Tissue and Bone Morphology in Taurine Transporter Knockout Mice. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1370:205-213. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-93337-1_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zhu L, Wang Y, Lv W, Wu X, Sheng H, He C, Hu J. Schizandrin A can inhibit non‑small cell lung cancer cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and autophagy. Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:214. [PMID: 34643254 PMCID: PMC8522958 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.5047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizandrin A (SchA) can be extracted from the vine plant Schisandra chinensis and has been reported to confer various biologically active properties. However, its potential biological effects on non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unknown. Therefore, the present study aims to address this issue. NSCLC and normal lung epithelial cell lines were first treated with SchA. Cell viability and proliferation were measured using CellTiter‑Glo Assay and colony formation assays, respectively. PI staining was used to measure cell cycle distribution. Cell cycle‑related proteins p53, p21, cyclin D1, CDK4, CDK6, cyclin E1, cyclin E2, CDK2 and DNA damage‑related protein SOX4 were detected by western blot analysis. Annexin V‑FITC/PI staining, DNA electrophoresis and Hoechst 33342/PI dual staining were used to detect apoptosis. JC‑1 and DCFH‑DA fluorescent dyes were used to measure the mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species concentrations, respectively. Apoptosis‑related proteins caspase‑3, cleaved caspase‑3, poly(ADP‑ribose) polymerase (PARP), cleaved PARP, BimEL, BimL, BimS, Bcl2, Bax, caspase‑9 and cleaved caspas‑9 were measured by western blot analysis. Dansylcadaverine was used to detect the presence of the acidic lysosomal vesicles. The expression levels of the autophagy‑related proteins LC3‑I/II, p62/SQSTM and AMPKα activation were measured using western blot analysis. In addition, the autophagy inhibitor 3‑methyladenine was used to inhibit autophagy. SchA treatment was found to reduce NSCLC cell viability whilst inhibiting cell proliferation. Low concentrations of SchA (10‑20 µM) mainly induced G1/S‑phase cell cycle arrest. By contrast, as the concentration of SchA used increases (20‑50 µM), cells underwent apoptosis and G2/M‑phase cell cycle a13rrest. As the treatment concentration of SchA increased from 0 to 50 µM, the expression of p53 and SOX4 protein also concomitantly increased, but the expression of p21 protein was increased by 10 µM SchA and decreased by higher concentrations (20‑50 µM). In addition, the mRNA and protein expression levels of Bcl‑like 11 (Bim)EL, BimL and BimS increased following SchA application. SchA induced the accumulation of acidic vesicles and induced a marked increase in the expression of LC3‑II protein, suggsting that SchA activated the autophagy pathway. However, the expression of the p62 protein was found to be increased by SchA, suggesting that p62 was not degraded during the autophagic flux. The 3‑methyladenine exerted no notable effects on SchA‑induced apoptosis. Taken together, results from the present study suggest that SchA exerted inhibitory effects on NSCLC physiology by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In addition, SchA partially induced autophagy, which did not result in any cytoprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhai Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Operating Room, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Wang Lv
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Hongxu Sheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Cheng He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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Lignans from Machilus thunbergii as Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin Inhibitors. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164804. [PMID: 34443392 PMCID: PMC8398558 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of various allergic diseases that are mediated by T helper cell type-2 (Th2) responses, including asthma and atopic dermatitis. The primary focus of this study was the identification of potent inhibitors of the TSLP signaling pathway for potential therapeutic use. The 80% methanol extract of Machilus thunbergii bark significantly inhibited the signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) phosphorylation in human mast cell (HMC)-1 cells. Through activity-guided isolation, three lignans (1-3) were obtained and identified as (+)-galbelgin (1), meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid (2), and machilin A (3). Among them, two lignans (1 and 2) significantly inhibited STAT5 phosphorylation and TSLP/TSLPR interaction, as determined by ELISA. Our results indicated that lignans isolated from M. thunbergii are a promising resource for the treatment of allergic diseases.
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Schisandrin Protects against Norepinephrine-Induced Myocardial Hypertrophic Injury by Inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:8129512. [PMID: 34221090 PMCID: PMC8221864 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8129512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Aims. Heart failure is closely associated with norepinephrine-(NE-) induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Schisandrin is derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Schisandra; it has a variety of pharmacological activities, and the mechanism of schisandrin-mediated protection of the cardiovascular system is not clear. Main Methods. NE was used to establish a cardiomyocyte hypertrophy model to explore the mechanism of action of schisandrin. An MTT assay was used for cell viability; Hoechst fluorescence staining was used to observe the cell morphology and calculate the apoptosis rate. The cell surface area was measured and the protein to DNA ratio was calculated, changes in mitochondrial membrane potential were detected, and the degree of hypertrophic cell damage was evaluated. WB, QRT-PCR, and immunofluorescence were used to qualitatively, quantitatively, and quantitatively detect apoptotic proteins in the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Key Findings. In the NE-induced model, schisandrin treatment reduced the apoptosis rate of cardiomyocytes, increased the ratio of the cell surface area to cardiomyocyte protein/DNA, and also, increased the membrane potential of the mitochondria. The expression of both JAK2 and STAT3 was downregulated, and the BAX/Bcl-2 ratio was significantly reduced. In conclusion, schisandrin may protect against NE-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and reducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
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Moon PD, Lee JS, Kim HY, Han NR, Kang I, Kim HM, Jeong HJ. Heat-treated Lactobacillus plantarum increases the immune responses through activation of natural killer cells and macrophages on in vivo and in vitro models. J Med Microbiol 2019; 68:467-474. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Phil-Dong Moon
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- 2 Center for Converging Humanities, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Soo Lee
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Yun Kim
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Ra Han
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Inyeong Kang
- 3 Biogenicskorea Co., Ltd., Seoul 06628, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Kim
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ja Jeong
- 4 Department of Food Science & Technology and Biochip Research Center, Hoseo University, Chungnam 31499, Republic of Korea
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Zhang X, Zhao Y, Bai D, Yuan X, Cong S. Schizandrin protects H9c2 cells against lipopolysaccharide‐induced injury by downregulating Smad3. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22301. [PMID: 30801894 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuehua Zhang
- Department of PediatricsJining No.1 People's HospitalJining China
- Affiliated Jining No.1 People's Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical UniversityJining China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Department of EndocrinologyJining Hospital of TCMJining China
| | - Dong Bai
- Department of PediatricsJining No.1 People's HospitalJining China
| | - Xiutai Yuan
- Department of PediatricsJining No.1 People's HospitalJining China
| | - Shan Cong
- Department of PediatricsJining No.1 People's HospitalJining China
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Miyano K, Nonaka M, Uzu M, Ohshima K, Uezono Y. Multifunctional Actions of Ninjinyoeito, a Japanese Kampo Medicine: Accumulated Scientific Evidence Based on Experiments With Cells and Animal Models, and Clinical Studies. Front Nutr 2018; 5:93. [PMID: 30349821 PMCID: PMC6186795 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal medicines are currently employed for the treatment of several types of diseases, and also employed for the improvement of Quality of Life (QOL) of patients over the world, in particular, in Asian countries. In Japan, a Japanese herbal medicine namely kampo medicine has been prescribed for the improvement of QOL of patients. Ninjinyoeito (NYT), composed of 12 herbal plants, is one of kampo medicines and used for helping recovery of diseases and improving several symptoms that suffer patients such as anemia, anorexia and fatigue. Recent scientific research approaches to kampo medicines with cells and animal models enable to prove that NYT has multiple functions for improvement of symptoms. Also, clinical studies using NYT support such actions to be widely used for the improvement of symptoms that reduce the QOL of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Miyano
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miki Nonaka
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miaki Uzu
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Ohshima
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Uezono
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Supportive Care Research, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Innovation Center for Supportive, Palliative and Psychosocial Care, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Comprehensive Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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β-eudesmol inhibits thymic stromal lymphopoietin through blockade of caspase-1/NF-κB signal cascade in allergic rhinitis murine model. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 294:101-106. [PMID: 30148989 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a global health problem because of its steadily increasing incidence and prevalence that currently affects about 30% of people worldwide. β-eudesmol has various beneficial effects, including anti-cancer and anti-allergic activities. However, the effects of β-eudesmol on AR have not yet been clarified; thus, we investigated the effects of β-eudesmol in an ovalbumin-induced AR animal model using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, histamine assay, Western blotting, and hematoxylin and eosin staining methods. β-eudesmol reduced the nasal rubs score and levels of histamine and immunoglobulin E in serum of AR mouse. In addition, the levels of thymic stromal lymphopoietin, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 were down-regulated and infiltration of eosinophils and the level of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 were inhibited by β-eudesmol administration. β-eudesmol administration also reduced active caspase-1 and nuclear factor-κB DNA binding activity in nasal mucosa tissues of AR mice. Taken together, these results indicate that β-eudesmol would be effective for the treatment of allergic and inflammatory diseases, such as AR.
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Xu G, Liu X, Wang C, Li H, Zhang C, Chen J, Sun J. The Mechanisms of Shcisandrol A in Immune Function Modulation in Immunosuppressed Mice. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The population of people with immunodeficiency is increasing due to the accelerating pace of life, increase in work pressure, and lack of exercise, irregularity of diet and rest, and problems of environmental pollution. Chinese herbal medicines have been shown to improve immunity, with little to no side effects. In recent years, studies have shown that Shcisandrol A (Sch A) regulates immune functioning and inhibits inflammation of the nervous system. The current study used gene expression profiling of spleen tissue to screen differentially expressed genes related to Sch A treatment on cyclophosphamide (Cy)-induced immunosuppressed mice. The differentially expressed gene-related pathways were analyzed by gene ontology function cluster analysis and qPCR. Five genes related to immune functioning were found to be regulated by Sch A treatment: Mapk3, Pik3r1, Pik3r5, Ikbkg, and Cd247. qPCR analysis showed that all five genes were significantly down-regulated in mice treated with Sch A compared to untreated immunosuppressed mice. These results suggest potential mechanisms through which Sch A regulates immune functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, Jilin, China
| | - Xu Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, Jilin, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, Jilin, China
| | - He Li
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, Jilin, China
| | - Chengyi Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, Jilin, China
| | - Jianguang Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, Jilin, China
| | - Jinghui Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, Jilin, China
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A novel compound 2-(4-{2-[(phenylthio)acetyl]carbonohydrazonoyl}phenoxy)acetamide downregulates TSLP through blocking of caspase-1/NF-κB pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 38:420-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Lee KP, Kang S, Park SJ, Kim JM, Lee JM, Lee AY, Chung HY, Choi YW, Lee YG, Im DS. Anti-allergic effect of α-cubebenoate isolated from Schisandra chinensis using in vivo and in vitro experiments. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 173:361-369. [PMID: 26253578 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY In Oriental countries, the dried fruits of Schisandra chinensis are extensively used in traditional medicine to treat asthma, gonorrhea, and other diseases. Recently, α-cubebenoate was isolated as an anti-inflammatory component from Schisandra chinensis. In the present study, the authors examined the anti-allergic effect of α-cubebenoate using in vivo and in vitro experiments. MATERIALS AND METHODS α-Cubebenoate was isolated from an extract of Schisandra chinensis fruits. Antigen-induced degranulation and Ca(2+) mobilization were measured in RBL-2H3 mast cells. In addition, BALB/c mice were sensitized with ovalbumin and aluminum hydroxide, and then challenged with ovalbumin for three consecutive days. α-Cubebenoate (1mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 30min before each ovalbumin challenge. RESULTS In RBL-2H3 mast cells, α-cubebenoate inhibited antigen-induced degranulation and increase of intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations. In the ovalbumin-induced asthma model, α-cubebenoate suppressed bronchiolar structural changes induced by ovalbumin challenge. Furthermore, α-cubebenoate strongly inhibited accumulations of eosinophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. α-Cubebenoate also suppressed Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-13) and TGF-β1 in lung tissues and in immune cells at the mRNA and protein levels. CONCLUSION α-Cubebenoate has an inhibitory effect on allergic inflammation and could be utilized as an agent for the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Pil Lee
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) and College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Saeromi Kang
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) and College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Park
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) and College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Kim
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) and College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Lee
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) and College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae-Yeon Lee
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) and College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Young Chung
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) and College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Whan Choi
- Department of Horticultural Bioscience, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Mirynang-si, Gyeongsangnam 627-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Geun Lee
- Department of Food Engineering, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Mirynang-si, Gyeongsangnam 627-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Soon Im
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) and College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
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Moon PD, Kim MH, Oh HA, Nam SY, Han NR, Jeong HJ, Kim HM. Cysteine induces longitudinal bone growth in mice by upregulating IGF-I. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:571-6. [PMID: 26101100 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cysteine (Cys) is known to exert various effects, such as antioxidant, antipancreatitic and antidiabetic effects. However, the effects of Cys on longitudinal bone growth have not been elucidate to date. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of Cys on bone growth. Growth-plate thickness and bone parameters, such as bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Tb.N), connectivity density (Conn.D) and total porosity were analyzed by means of micro-computed tomography (μCT). The levels of serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Hepatic IGF-I mRNA expression was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The phosphorylation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) was investigated by western blot analysis. Our results revealed that Cys increased IGF-I mRNA expression in HepG2 cells. The thickness of the growth plates was increased following treatment with Cys. Moreover, BV/TV, Tb.Th, TbN, Conn.D and total porosity were improved following treatment with Cys. Hepatic IGF-I mRNA expression and serum IGF-I levels were increased by Cys. The levels of phosphorylated JAK2 and STAT5 were elevated by Cys. The findings of our study indicate that Cys increases the thickness of growth plates through the upregulation of IGF-I, which results from the phosphorylation of JAK2-STAT5. Thus, our data suggest that Cys may have potential for use as a growth-promoting agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil-Dong Moon
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Kim
- Department of Computer Aided Mechanical Engineering, Sohae College, Gunsan, Jeonbuk, 573-717, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-A Oh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Nam
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Ra Han
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ja Jeong
- Biochip Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam 336‑795, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130‑701, Republic of Korea
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15
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Moon PD, Kim MH, Lim HS, Oh HA, Nam SY, Han NR, Kim MJ, Jeong HJ, Kim HM. Taurine, a major amino acid of oyster, enhances linear bone growth in a mouse model of protein malnutrition. Biofactors 2015; 41:190-7. [PMID: 25963419 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Oysters (Oys) contain various beneficial components, such as, antioxidants and amino acids. However, the effects of Oys or taurine (Tau), a major amino acid in Oys on bone growth have not been determined. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of Oys or Tau on linear bone growth in a mouse model of protein malnutrition. To make the protein malnutrition in a mouse, we used a low protein diet. Growth plate thickness was increased by Oys or Tau. Bone volume/tissue volume, trabecular thickness, trabecular number, connection density, and total porosity were also improved by Oys or Tau. Oys or Tau increased insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels in serum, liver, and tibia-growth plate. Phosphorylations of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) were increased by Oys and by Tau. These findings show that Oys or Tau may increase growth plate thickness by elevating IGF-1 levels and by promoting the phosphorylations of JAK2-STAT5, and suggest that Oys or Tau are growth-promoting substances of potential use in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil-Dong Moon
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Kim
- Department of Computer Aided Mechanical Engineering, Sohae College, Gunsan, Jeonbuk, 573-717, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun-Sun Lim
- Du Wha Com., Deokjeong-ri, Samseong-myeon, Eumseong-gun, Chungbuk, 369-833, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-A Oh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Nam
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Ra Han
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Myong-Jo Kim
- Oriental Bio-herb Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ja Jeong
- Inflammatory Disease Research Center and Biochip Research Center, Hoseo University, 165 Sechul-ri, Baebang-myun, Asan, Chungnam, 336-795, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
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16
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Moon PD, Choi IS, Go JH, Lee BJ, Kang SW, Yoon S, Han SJ, Nam SY, Oh HA, Han NR, Kim YS, Kim JS, Kim MJ, Jeong HJ, Kim HM. Inhibitory Effects of BiRyuChe-Bang on Mast Cell-Mediated Allergic Reactions and Inflammatory Cytokines Production. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2013; 41:1267-82. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x13500857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BiRyuChe-bang (BRC) is a Korean prescription medicine, which has been used to treat allergic rhinitis at Kyung Hee Medical Center. In this work, we investigated the effects of BRC on mast cell-mediated allergic reactions and inflammatory cytokines production, and identified the active component of BRC. Histamine release was measured from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs). Ear swelling and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) were examined in mouse models. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus A23187-induced inflammatory cytokines production was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used for the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-8. Activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB was analyzed by Western blotting. BRC significantly inhibited the compound 48/80-induced ear swelling response, histamine release from RPMCs, PCA activated by anti-dinitrophenyl IgE, and PMA plus A23187-induced inflammatory cytokines production (p < 0.05). In addition, BRC dose-dependently inhibited the mRNA expressions of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 as well as the activation of NF-κB in a human mast cell line, HMC-1 cells. BRC inhibited the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in mice induced with PCA. Several components of BRC, such as 1,8-Cineole, Linalool, Linalyl acetate, α-Pinene, and α-Terpineol, significantly inhibited the release of histamine from RPMCs (p < 0.05). Among these components, Linalyl acetate was the most effective for inhibiting histamine release. These results indicate that BRC has a potential regulatory effect on allergic and inflammatory reactions mediated by mast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil-Dong Moon
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130–701, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Sang Choi
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570–749, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Go
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130–701, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Joo Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130–701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130–701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhee Yoon
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130–701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jun Han
- Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570–749, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Nam
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130–701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-A Oh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130–701, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Ra Han
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130–701, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sick Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130–701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Sung Kim
- College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690–756, Republic of Korea
| | - Myong-Jo Kim
- Oriental Bio-Herb Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200–701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ja Jeong
- Biochip Research Center and Inflammatory Disease Research Center, Hoseo University, Chungnam 336–795, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130–701, Republic of Korea
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