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Wong CH, Chang WL, Lu FJ, Liu YW, Peng JY, Chen CH. Parecoxib expresses anti-metastasis effect through inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in human colon cancer DLD-1 cell line. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:2718-2727. [PMID: 35917206 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death in Taiwan. Current treatments involve combination of surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy. These treatments have demonstrated to increased five-year survival of a patient with colorectal cancer. However, metastasis is a major capability of cancer cells that causes poor prognosis, recurrence, and even death. Epidemiological and clinical studies have suggested the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as an effective class of compounds to prevent colon cancer. Parecoxib is an NSAID and the only parenterally administered selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor. In this study, we evaluated whether parecoxib inhibits the metastasis of DLD-1 human colon cancer cells, a COX-2 null cell line, and the underlying mechanism. Cell migration of the DLD-1 cells was significantly inhibited by parecoxib treatment as shown by the Transwell migration assay. This enhanced anti-migration effect was correlated with the attenuated phosphorylation of Akt, expression of vimentin (a mesenchymal marker), and β-catenin, and corresponded with the upregulated GSK3β and E-cadherin (an epithelial marker). These findings suggested that parecoxib could inhibit the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis in human colon cancer cells by downregulating β-catenin. Thus, parecoxib could provide a novel prospective strategy for a combination treatment with chemotherapeutic drugs against metastasis of human colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Hang Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at ChiaYi, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wan-Ling Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at ChiaYi, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fung-Jou Lu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Wen Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, College of Life Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jyun-Yu Peng
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ching-Hsein Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, College of Life Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City, Taiwan, ROC
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Elucidating the mechanisms of action of parecoxib in the MG-63 osteosarcoma cell line. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 31:507-517. [PMID: 31934887 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Different types of tumors often present an overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of parecoxib (NSAID, cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor) in the behavior of the human osteosarcoma MG-63 cell line, concerning several biological features. Cells were exposed to several concentrations of parecoxib for 48 hours. Cell viability/proliferation, cyclooxygenase-2 expression, morphologic alterations, membrane integrity, cell cycle evaluation, cell death and genotoxicity were evaluated. When compared with untreated cells, parecoxib led to a marked decrease in cell viability/proliferation, in COX-2 expression and changes in cell morphology, in a concentration-dependent manner. Cell recuperation was observed after incubation with drug-free medium. Parecoxib exposure increased lactate dehydrogenase release, an arrest of the cell cycle at S-phase and G2/M-phase, as well as growth of the sub-G0/G1-fraction and increased DNA damage. Parecoxib led to a slight increase of necrosis regulated cell death in treated cells, and an increase of autophagic vacuoles, in a concentration-dependent manner. In this study, parecoxib showed antitumor effects in the MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells. The potential mechanism was inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting necrosis. These results further suggested that parecoxib might be a potential candidate for in-vivo studies.
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Laszló IP, Laszló MR, Toma V, Baldea I, Olteanu D, David L, Moldovan B, Ion RM, Moldovan R, Filip GA, Kacso G, Cainap C, Clichici S, Muresan A. The in vivo modulatory effects of Cornus mas extract on photodynamic therapy in experimental tumors. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 30:101656. [PMID: 31926344 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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David L, Moldovan B, Baldea I, Olteanu D, Bolfa P, Clichici S, Filip GA. Modulatory effects of Cornus sanguinea L. mediated green synthesized silver nanoparticles on oxidative stress, COX-2/NOS2 and NFkB/pNFkB expressions in experimental inflammation in Wistar rats. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 110:110709. [PMID: 32204021 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The present study presents a green, cost efficient and easy synthesis method of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using an aqueous extract of Cornus sanguinea L. fruits (CS). The phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized using various analytical techniques such as UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, which confirmed the formation of AgNPs and FTIR spectroscopy, in order to certify the role of the biomolecules present in the fruit extract as reducing and capping agents of the AgNPs. The UV-Vis absorption spectrum showed a broad band at 407 nm characteristic for colloidal silver. Transmission electron microscopy was conducted to investigate the shape and size of the silver nanoparticles, revealing a spherical shape with an average particle size of 18 nm. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the fruit extract and green synthesized silver nanoparticles were assessed in vivo on experimental inflammation. The obtained results showed that CS and AgNPs reduced oxidative stress in parallel with increasing of antioxidant defense and diminished the COX-2 expressions. CS extract had a dual effect on NFkB activation depending on the time of testing while AgNPs increased NFkB phosphorylation at 48 h. These results suggested that both AgNPs and CS extract exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities but with a different dynamics of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luminita David
- Research Center for Advanced Chemical Analysis, Instrumentation and Chemometrics (ANALYTICA), Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, "Babeş-Bolyai" University, 11 Arany Janos Street, Cluj-Napoca 400028, Romania
| | - Bianca Moldovan
- Research Center for Advanced Chemical Analysis, Instrumentation and Chemometrics (ANALYTICA), Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, "Babeş-Bolyai" University, 11 Arany Janos Street, Cluj-Napoca 400028, Romania.
| | - Ioana Baldea
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, Cluj-Napoca 400006, Romania
| | - Diana Olteanu
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, Cluj-Napoca 400006, Romania
| | - Pompei Bolfa
- Department of Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Manastur Street, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 334, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Simona Clichici
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, Cluj-Napoca 400006, Romania
| | - Gabriela Adriana Filip
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, Cluj-Napoca 400006, Romania.
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Chitosan-based mucoadhesive gel for oral mucosal toluidine blue O delivery: The influence of a non-ionic surfactant. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 20:48-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Dionisie V, Clichici S, Ion RM, Danila OO, Moldovan R, Decea N, Gheban D, Olteanu FC, Filip GA. In vivosilymarin’s antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects on photodynamic therapy’s responsiveness. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2017. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424617500304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have shown that some anti-oxidant natural compounds in combination with photodynamic therapy (PDT) can enhance the effectiveness of treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of silymarin (SIL) in combination with 5,10,15,20-tetra-sulphonato-phenyl-porphyrin (TSPP) based photodynamic therapy, on experimental tumors. 30 Wistar rats with Walker carcinosarcoma, were divided into 6 groups: group 0 (control) — control, untreated group; group 1 (TSPP) — one dose of TSPP; group 2 (SIL) — silymarin; group 3 (PDT) — TSPP and irradiation 24 h after; group 4 (SIL[Formula: see text]PDT) — silymarin, TSPP and irradiation 24 h after; group 5 (SIL[Formula: see text]IR) and group 6 (IR) — irradiation and in addition, group 5 received SIL. Silymarin administered before photodynamic therapy decreased the lipid peroxidation ([Formula: see text] < 0.05) and modulated the antioxidant defense in tumor treated with PDT and silymarin suggesting that silymarin administration along with photodynamic therapy has an anti-oxidant effect. The caspase — 8 level and -3 activity increased in PDT and PDT [Formula: see text] SIL groups compared to the control; between the two groups there was a significant difference in term of apoptosis in favor to PDT. In conclusion, silymarin administration inhibited the reactive oxygen species generation and reduced the tumoral cells’ apoptosis, suggesting that natural compound administered before photodynamic therapy did not improve the therapy’s effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Dionisie
- Department of Physiology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simona Clichici
- Department of Physiology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rodica M. Ion
- National Research and Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry, ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul, Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana O. Danila
- Department of Physiology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Remus Moldovan
- Department of Physiology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Decea
- Department of Physiology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan Gheban
- Department of Morphopathology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 35 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Florin Catalin Olteanu
- Industrial Engineering and Management Department, Transylvania University, 29 Eroilor Boulevard, 500036, Brasov, Romania
| | - Gabriela A. Filip
- Department of Physiology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Tudor D, Nenu I, Filip GA, Olteanu D, Cenariu M, Tabaran F, Ion RM, Gligor L, Baldea I. Combined regimen of photodynamic therapy mediated by Gallium phthalocyanine chloride and Metformin enhances anti-melanoma efficacy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173241. [PMID: 28278159 PMCID: PMC5344368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma therapy is challenging, especially in advanced cases, due to multiple developed tumor defense mechanisms. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) might represent an adjuvant treatment, because of its bimodal action: tumor destruction and immune system awakening. In this study, a combination of PDT mediated by a metal substituted phthalocyanine-Gallium phthalocyanine chloride (GaPc) and Metformin was used against melanoma. The study aimed to: (1) find the anti-melanoma efficacy of GaPc-PDT, (2) assess possible beneficial effects of Metformin addition to PDT, (3) uncover some of the mechanisms underlining cell killing and anti-angiogenic effects. METHODS Two human lightly pigmented melanoma cell lines: WM35 and M1/15 subjected to previous Metformin exposure were treated by GaPc-PDT. Cell viability, death mechanism, cytoskeleton alterations, oxidative damage, were assessed by means of colorimetry, flowcytometry, confocal microscopy, spectrophotometry, ELISA, Western Blotting. RESULTS GaPc proved an efficient photosensitizer. Metformin addition enhanced cell killing by mechanisms dependent on the cell line, namely apoptosis in the metastatic M1/15 and necrosis in the radial growth phase, WM35. Cell death mechanism relied on the inhibition of nuclear transcription factor (NF)-κB activation and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) sensitization, leading to TRAIL and TNF-α induced apoptosis. Metformin diminished the anti-angiogenic effect of PDT. CONCLUSIONS Metformin addition to GaPc-PDT increased tumor cell killing through enhanced oxidative damage and induction of proapoptotic mechanisms, but altered PDT anti-angiogenic effects. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Combination of Metformin and PDT might represent a solution to enhance the efficacy, leading to a potential adjuvant role of PDT in melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Tudor
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Iuliana Nenu
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | - Diana Olteanu
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihai Cenariu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Flaviu Tabaran
- Department of Pathology University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rodica Mariana Ion
- Nanomedicine Research Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry - ICECHIM, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lucian Gligor
- OSRAM Opto Semiconductors, OSRAM Romania, Global City Business Park, Voluntari, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Ioana Baldea
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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