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Gao J, Ma Y, Yang G, Li G. Translationally controlled tumor protein: the mediator promoting cancer invasion and migration and its potential clinical prospects. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:642-654. [PMID: 35953758 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2100910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is a highly conserved multifunctional protein localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is secreted through exosomes and its degradation is associated with the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27), and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Its structure contains three α-helices and eleven β-strands, and features a helical hairpin as its hallmark. TCTP shows a remarkable similarity to the methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase B (MsrB) and mammalian suppressor of Sec4 (Mss4/Dss4) protein families, which exerts guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity on small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) proteins, suggesting that some functions of TCTP may at least depend on its GEF action. Indeed, TCTP exerts GEF activity on Ras homolog enriched in brain (Rheb) to boost the growth and proliferation of Drosophila cells. TCTP also enhances the expression of cell division control protein 42 homolog (Cdc42) to promote cancer cell invasion and migration. Moreover, TCTP regulates cytoskeleton organization by interacting with actin microfilament (MF) and microtubule (MT) proteins and inducing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. In essence, TCTP promotes cancer cell movement. It is usually highly expressed in cancerous tissues and thus reduces patient survival; meanwhile, drugs can target TCTP to reduce this effect. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of TCTP in promoting cancer invasion and migration, and describe the current inhibitory strategy to target TCTP in cancerous diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Guiwen Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Guorong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China. ,
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Cho H, Je JH, Kang J, Jeong MG, Song J, Jeon Y, Lee K, Hwang ES. Dimeric translationally controlled tumor protein-binding peptide 2 attenuates imiquimod-induced psoriatic inflammation through induction of regulatory T cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113245. [PMID: 35689858 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic skin inflammation caused by a dysfunctional immune system, which causes systemic inflammation in various organs and tissues. Due to the risk of systemic inflammation and recurrence of psoriasis, it is important to identify the critical targets in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and develop targeted therapeutics. Dimerized translationally controlled tumor protein (dTCTP) promotes immune cell activation as a pro-inflammatory cytokine and plays a role in developing allergic diseases such as asthma and rhinitis. Here, we sought to explore whether dTCTP and its inhibition contributed to the development and control of imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis. Topical application of IMQ inflamed the skin of the back and ear, increased inflammatory cytokines, and decreased regulatory T cell markers. Interestingly, TCTP was significantly increased in inflamed skin and immune cells such as T cells, B cells, and macrophages after IMQ treatment and was secreted into the serum to undergo dimerization. Extracellular dTCTP treatment selectively suppressed regulatory T (Treg) cells, not other effector T helper (Th) cells, and increased M1 macrophages. Moreover, dTCTP-binding peptide 2 (dTBP2), a dTCTP inhibitor peptide, effectively attenuated the systemic inflammatory responses, including Th17 cell response, and alleviated psoriatic skin inflammation. dTBP2 blocked dTCTP-mediated Treg suppression and stimulated the expression of Treg cell markers in the spleen and inflammatory skin lesions. These results suggest that dTCTP dysregulated immune balance through Treg suppression in psoriatic inflammation and that functional inhibition of dTCTP by dTBP2 maintained immune homeostasis and attenuated inflammatory skin diseases by expanding Treg cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunsoo Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Jeong Hwan Je
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Jio Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Mi Gyeong Jeong
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Jiseo Song
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Yejin Jeon
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Kyunglim Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea.
| | - Eun Sook Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea.
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Liu W, Yuan R, Hou A, Tan S, Liu X, Tan P, Huang X, Wang J. Ganoderma triterpenoids attenuate tumour angiogenesis in lung cancer tumour-bearing nude mice. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:1061-1068. [PMID: 33161828 PMCID: PMC7655057 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1839111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. ex Fr.) Karst. (Polyporaceae) triterpenoids (GLTs), the main components and bioactive metabolites of G. lucidum, have antitumour activity. OBJECTIVE We investigated the effects of GLTs in lung cancer tumour-bearing nude mice and their potential mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty BALB/c nude mice were randomly divided into four groups: saline control, GLT (1 g/kg/day), gefitinib (GEF, 15 mg/kg/day), and GLT (1 g/kg/day) + GEF (15 mg/kg/day) for 14 days. Cell viability was conducted using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. The tumour volume, inhibition rate, histopathological, microvessel density (MVD), mRNAs, and proteins were determined. RESULTS GLTs inhibited the cell viability of A549 cells with an IC50 value of 14.38 ± 0.29 mg/L, while the IC50 value of GEF was 10.26 ± 0.47 μmol/L. The tumour inhibition rate in the GLT + GEF group (51.54%) was significantly decreased relative to the saline control… group (p < 0.05). The MVD in the GLT + GEF group (2.9 ± 0.7) was significantly decreased than that in the saline control group (12.8 ± 1.4, p < 0.05). The angiostatin, endostatin, and Bax protein expression in the GLT, GEF, and GLT + GEF groups were significantly increased compared to those in the saline control group, while the VEGFR2 and Bcl-2 protein expression were decreased. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Our study provided evidence that GLT and GEF combination therapy may be a promising candidate for the treatment of lung cancer and as an experimental basis for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Oncology, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | | | - Aihua Hou
- Department of Oncology, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Song Tan
- Department of Oncology, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Oncology, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Pengcheng Tan
- Department of Oncology, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoming Huang
- Department of Oncology, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Jinguo Wang
- Department of Oncology, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, China
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Dysregulation of TCTP in Biological Processes and Diseases. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071632. [PMID: 32645936 PMCID: PMC7407922 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP), also called histamine releasing factor (HRF) or fortilin, is a multifunctional protein present in almost all eukaryotic organisms. TCTP is involved in a range of basic cell biological processes, such as promotion of growth and development, or cellular defense in response to biological stresses. Cellular TCTP levels are highly regulated in response to a variety of physiological signals, and regulatory mechanism at various levels have been elucidated. Given the importance of TCTP in maintaining cellular homeostasis, it is not surprising that dysregulation of this protein is associated with a range of disease processes. Here, we review recent progress that has been made in the characterisation of the basic biological functions of TCTP, in the description of mechanisms involved in regulating its cellular levels and in the understanding of dysregulation of TCTP, as it occurs in disease processes such as cancer.
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Liu LZ, Wang M, Xin Q, Wang B, Chen GG, Li MY. The permissive role of TCTP in PM 2.5/NNK-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in lung cells. J Transl Med 2020; 18:66. [PMID: 32046740 PMCID: PMC7011287 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02256-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is linked to lung cancer. However, upon lung cancer carcinogens stimulation, there were no reports on the relationship between TCTP and lung cell carcinogenic epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). This study was designed to investigate the molecular mechanism of regulation of TCTP expression and its role in lung carcinogens-induced EMT. Methods To study the role of TCTP in lung carcinogens [particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) or 4-methylnitrosamino-l-3-pyridyl-butanone (NNK)]-induced EMT, PM2.5/NNK-treated lung epithelial and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells were tested. Cell derived xenografts, human lung cancer samples and online survival analysis were used to confirm the results. MassArray assay, Real-time PCR and Reporter assays were performed to elucidate the mechanism of regulation of TCTP expression. All statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism version 6.0 or SPSS version 20.0. Results Translationally controlled tumor protein and vimentin expression were up-regulated in PM2.5/NNK-treated lung cells and orthotopic implantation tumors. TCTP expression was positively correlated with vimentin in human NSCLC samples. Patients with high expression of TCTP displayed reduced overall and disease-free survival. TCTP overexpression could increase vimentin expression and promote cell metastasis. Furthermore, PM2.5/NNK stimulation brought a synergistic effect on EMT in TCTP-transfected cells. TCTP knockdown blocked PM2.5/NNK carcinogenic effect. Mechanically, PM2.5/NNK-induced TCTP expression was regulated by one microRNA, namely miR-125a-3p, but not by methylation on TCTP gene promoter. The level of TCTP was regulated by its specific microRNA during the process of PM2.5/NNK stimulation, which in turn enhanced vimentin expression and played a permissive role in carcinogenic EMT. Conclusions Our results provided new insights into the mechanisms of TCTP regulatory expression in lung carcinogens-induced EMT. TCTP and miR-125a-3p might act as potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Zhong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Menghuan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qihang Xin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bowen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - George G Chen
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong. .,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ming-Yue Li
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong. .,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. .,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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Gao J, Ma F, Wang X, Li G. Combination of dihydroartemisinin and resveratrol effectively inhibits cancer cell migrationviaregulation of the DLC1/TCTP/Cdc42 pathway. Food Funct 2020; 11:9573-9584. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00996b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mechanism of DHA combined with RES in inhibition of cancer cell migration by DLC1/TCTP/Cdc42 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Shandong Normal University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Fengqiu Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Shandong Normal University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Xingjie Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Shandong Normal University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Guorong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Shandong Normal University
- Jinan
- China
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Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) plays a pivotal role in cardiomyocyte survival through a Bnip3-dependent mechanism. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:549. [PMID: 31320615 PMCID: PMC6639386 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1787-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Prevention of cardiomyocyte death is an important therapeutic strategy for heart failure. In this study, we focused on translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP), a highly conserved protein that is expressed ubiquitously in mammalian tissues, including heart. TCTP plays pivotal roles in survival of certain cell types, but its function in cardiomyocytes has not been examined. We aimed to clarify the role of TCTP in cardiomyocyte survival and the underlying mechanism. Here, we demonstrated that downregulation of TCTP with siRNA induced cell death of cardiomyocytes with apoptotic and autophagic features, accompanied with mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening. TCTP loss did not induce cell death of cardiac fibroblasts. Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19-kDa interacting protein 3 (Bnip3) was found to mediate the TCTP-loss-induced cardiomyocyte death. In exploring the clinical significance of the TCTP expression in the heart, we found that DOX treatment markedly downregulated the protein expression of TCTP in cultured cardiomyocytes and in mouse heart tissue. Exogenous rescue of TCTP expression attenuated DOX-induced cardiomyocyte death. In mice, cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of TCTP resulted in decreased susceptibility to DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction, accompanied with attenuated induction of Bnip3. Dihydroartemisinin, a pharmacological TCTP inhibitor, induced development of heart failure and cardiomyocyte death in control mice, but not in mice with cardiomyocyte-specific TCTP overexpression. Our findings revealed TCTP has a pivotal role in cardiomyocyte survival, at least in part through a Bnip3-dependent mechanism. TCTP could be considered as a candidate therapeutic target to prevent DOX-induced heart failure.
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Sun R, Lu X, Gong L, Jin F. TCTP promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in lung adenocarcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:1641-1653. [PMID: 30881019 PMCID: PMC6398409 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s184555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the most common and lethal malignancy worldwide. TCTP is highly expressed in various cancers including lung cancer. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) could increase cancer cell invasion. Whether TCTP’s expression is associated with EMT in lung adenocarcinoma is largely unknown. Methods Several Gene Expression Omnibus datasets were used to analyze the correlation between TCTP expression and overall survival of lung adenocarcinoma patients by Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Then, 24 surgically removed fresh lung adenocarcinoma tissue samples and paired paracancer tissue samples were used to analyze the correlation between TCTP expression and tumor stage by immunohistochemical analysis. Furthermore, stable cell lines were generated using lentiviral transduction systems to knock down or overexpress TCTP in A549 cells. Cell migration and invasion were measured by scratch and transwell assays, and EMT marker proteins such as α-SMA, ZEB1, and E-cadherin were quantitated by Western blot. The expression levels of miR-200a, miR-141, and miR-429 were determined by real-time quantitative PCR, and their target genes were predicted by an online database miRTarBase. The interaction between TCTP and these genes was analyzed by String database and visualized by Cytoscape. Results TCTP was highly expressed in tumor tissues compared to paracancer tissues. The expression of TCTP was associated with shorter overall survival. TCTP knockdown experiment in A549 cells suggested that TCTP knockdown could decrease the migration and invasion of lung cancer cells, and the expression level of ZEB1 and α-SMA, but increase the expression of E-cadherin and p53. Vice versa, overexpression of TCTP could increase the migration and invasion of cancer cells, and the expression level of ZEB1 and α-SMA, but decrease the expression of E-cadherin and p53. Furthermore, we found the expression of miR-200a, miR-141, and miR-429 was associated with TCTP expression. Conclusion TCTP promotes EMT in lung adenocarcinoma, and this effect may be associated with miR-200 family members like miR-200a, miR-141, and miR-429.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilin Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xi Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China,
| | - Li Gong
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Faguang Jin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China,
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