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El-Mergawy R, Chafin L, Ovando-Ricardez JA, Rosas L, Tsai M, Rojas M, Mora AL, Mallampalli RK. FOXK2 targeting by the SCF-E3 ligase subunit FBXO24 for ubiquitin mediated degradation modulates mitochondrial respiration. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107359. [PMID: 38735474 PMCID: PMC11209018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
FOXK2 is a crucial transcription factor implicated in a wide array of biological activities and yet understanding of its molecular regulation at the level of protein turnover is limited. Here, we identify that FOXK2 undergoes degradation in lung epithelia in the presence of the virulent pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae through ubiquitin-proteasomal processing. FOXK2 through its carboxyl terminus (aa 428-478) binds the Skp-Cullin-F-box ubiquitin E3 ligase subunit FBXO24 that mediates multisite polyubiquitylation of the transcription factor resulting in its nuclear degradation. FOXK2 was detected within the mitochondria and targeted depletion of the transcription factor or cellular expression of FOXK2 mutants devoid of key carboxy terminal domains significantly impaired mitochondrial function. In experimental bacterial pneumonia, Fbxo24 heterozygous mice exhibited preserved mitochondrial function and Foxk2 protein levels compared to WT littermates. The results suggest a new mode of regulatory control of mitochondrial energetics through modulation of FOXK2 cellular abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabab El-Mergawy
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lexie Chafin
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jose A Ovando-Ricardez
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lorena Rosas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - MuChun Tsai
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ana L Mora
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Rama K Mallampalli
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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Masclef L, Ahmed O, Iannantuono N, Gagnon J, Gushul-Leclaire M, Boulay K, Estavoyer B, Echbicheb M, Poy M, Boubacar KA, Boubekeur A, Menggad S, Schcolnik-Cabrera A, Balsalobre A, Bonneil E, Thibault P, Hulea L, Tanaka Y, Antoine-Mallette F, Drouin J, Affar EB. O-GlcNAcylation of FOXK1 orchestrates the E2F pathway and promotes oncogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.01.582838. [PMID: 38463952 PMCID: PMC10925292 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.01.582838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Gene transcription is a highly regulated process, and deregulation of transcription factors activity underlies numerous pathologies including cancer. Albeit near four decades of studies have established that the E2F pathway is a core transcriptional network that govern cell division in multi-cellular organisms1,2, the molecular mechanisms that underlie the functions of E2F transcription factors remain incompletely understood. FOXK1 and FOXK2 transcription factors have recently emerged as important regulators of cell metabolism, autophagy and cell differentiation3-6. While both FOXK1 and FOXK2 interact with the histone H2AK119ub deubiquitinase BAP1 and possess many overlapping functions in normal biology, their specific functions as well as deregulation of their transcriptional activity in cancer is less clear and sometimes contradictory7-13. Here, we show that elevated expression of FOXK1, but not FOXK2, in primary normal cells promotes transcription of E2F target genes associated with increased proliferation and delayed entry into cellular senescence. FOXK1 expressing cells are highly prone to cellular transformation revealing important oncogenic properties of FOXK1 in tumor initiation. High expression of FOXK1 in patient tumors is also highly correlated with E2F gene expression. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that FOXK1, but not FOXK2, is specifically modified by O-GlcNAcylation. FOXK1 O-GlcNAcylation is modulated during the cell cycle with the highest levels occurring during the time of E2F pathway activation at G1/S. Moreover, loss of FOXK1 O-GlcNAcylation impairs FOXK1 ability to promote cell proliferation, cellular transformation and tumor growth. Mechanistically, expression of FOXK1 O-GlcNAcylation-defective mutants results in reduced recruitment of BAP1 to gene regulatory regions. This event is associated with a concomitant increase in the levels of histone H2AK119ub and a decrease in the levels of H3K4me1, resulting in a transcriptional repressive chromatin environment. Our results define an essential role of O-GlcNAcylation in modulating the functions of FOXK1 in controlling the cell cycle of normal and cancer cells through orchestration of the E2F pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Masclef
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, CIUSSS de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montréal, 5415 boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Oumaima Ahmed
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, CIUSSS de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montréal, 5415 boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Nicholas Iannantuono
- Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et en Cancérologie, Université de Montréal (IRIC), Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Jessica Gagnon
- Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et en Cancérologie, Université de Montréal (IRIC), Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Mila Gushul-Leclaire
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, CIUSSS de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montréal, 5415 boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Karine Boulay
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, CIUSSS de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montréal, 5415 boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Benjamin Estavoyer
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, CIUSSS de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montréal, 5415 boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Mohamed Echbicheb
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, CIUSSS de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montréal, 5415 boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Marty Poy
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, CIUSSS de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montréal, 5415 boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Kalidou Ali Boubacar
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, CIUSSS de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montréal, 5415 boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Amina Boubekeur
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, CIUSSS de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montréal, 5415 boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Saad Menggad
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, CIUSSS de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montréal, 5415 boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Alejandro Schcolnik-Cabrera
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, CIUSSS de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montréal, 5415 boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Aurelio Balsalobre
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Eric Bonneil
- Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et en Cancérologie, Université de Montréal (IRIC), Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Pierre Thibault
- Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et en Cancérologie, Université de Montréal (IRIC), Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Laura Hulea
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, CIUSSS de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montréal, 5415 boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Yoshiaki Tanaka
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, CIUSSS de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montréal, 5415 boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Frédérick Antoine-Mallette
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, CIUSSS de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montréal, 5415 boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jacques Drouin
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - El Bachir Affar
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, CIUSSS de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montréal, 5415 boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
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Fujinuma S, Nakatsumi H, Shimizu H, Sugiyama S, Harada A, Goya T, Tanaka M, Kohjima M, Takahashi M, Izumi Y, Yagi M, Kang D, Kaneko M, Shigeta M, Bamba T, Ohkawa Y, Nakayama KI. FOXK1 promotes nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by mediating mTORC1-dependent inhibition of hepatic fatty acid oxidation. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112530. [PMID: 37209098 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic metabolic disorder caused by overnutrition and can lead to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The transcription factor Forkhead box K1 (FOXK1) is implicated in regulation of lipid metabolism downstream of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), but its role in NAFLD-NASH pathogenesis is understudied. Here, we show that FOXK1 mediates nutrient-dependent suppression of lipid catabolism in the liver. Hepatocyte-specific deletion of Foxk1 in mice fed a NASH-inducing diet ameliorates not only hepatic steatosis but also associated inflammation, fibrosis, and tumorigenesis, resulting in improved survival. Genome-wide transcriptomic and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses identify several lipid metabolism-related genes, including Ppara, as direct targets of FOXK1 in the liver. Our results suggest that FOXK1 plays a key role in the regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism and that its inhibition is a promising therapeutic strategy for NAFLD-NASH, as well as for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Fujinuma
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Nakatsumi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Shimizu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Sugiyama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akihito Harada
- Division of Transcriptomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Goya
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masatake Tanaka
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Kohjima
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masatomo Takahashi
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Izumi
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mikako Yagi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Dongchon Kang
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mari Kaneko
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mayo Shigeta
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ohkawa
- Division of Transcriptomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keiichi I Nakayama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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4
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Moore XTR, Gheghiani L, Fu Z. The Role of Polo-Like Kinase 1 in Regulating the Forkhead Box Family Transcription Factors. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091344. [PMID: 37174744 PMCID: PMC10177174 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a serine/threonine kinase with more than 600 phosphorylation substrates through which it regulates many biological processes, including mitosis, apoptosis, metabolism, RNA processing, vesicle transport, and G2 DNA-damage checkpoint recovery, among others. Among the many PLK1 targets are members of the FOX family of transcription factors (FOX TFs), including FOXM1, FOXO1, FOXO3, and FOXK1. FOXM1 and FOXK1 have critical oncogenic roles in cancer through their antagonism of apoptotic signals and their promotion of cell proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, and therapeutic resistance. In contrast, FOXO1 and FOXO3 have been identified to have broad functions in maintaining cellular homeostasis. In this review, we discuss PLK1-mediated regulation of FOX TFs, highlighting the effects of PLK1 on the activity and stability of these proteins. In addition, we review the prognostic and clinical significance of these proteins in human cancers and, more importantly, the different approaches that have been used to disrupt PLK1 and FOX TF-mediated signaling networks. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting PLK1-regulated FOX TFs in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier T R Moore
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Lilia Gheghiani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Zheng Fu
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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5
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A comprehensive analysis of FOX family in HCC and experimental evidence to support the oncogenic role of FOXH1. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:2268-2286. [PMID: 35255005 PMCID: PMC8954963 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains the second leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Understanding about the molecular biology of HCC and development of targeted therapies are still the main focuses of this type of disease. Here, by connecting the expression levels of FOX proteins with their associated clinical characteristics using TCGA LIHC dataset, we found that 27/40 FOX proteins were highly expressed in HCC tumors compared to normal liver tissues and their expression levels were tightly associated with HCC tumor stage, tumor grade and overall survival. Our experimental results also confirmed that FOXH1 indeed played an oncogenic role in HCC development by promoting cell growth and cell migration/invasion. Mechanistic dissection demonstrated that FOXH1-induced cell growth and cell migration/invasion relied on mTOR signaling because inhibition of mTOR signaling by rapamycin could attenuate FOXH1-mediated phenotypic alterations of HCC cells. The results from orthotopic mouse model also validated that FOXH1 promoted HA22T tumor growth via triggering mTOR activation. Overall, this study not only comprehensively examines the clinical values of FOX proteins in HCC but also provides experimental evidence to support the role of FOXH1 in HCC development, building rationale to develop more effective therapies to treat HCC patients.
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Li J, Quan X, Lei S, Chen G, Hong J, Huang Z, Wang Q, Song W, Yang X. LncRNA MEG3 alleviates PFOS induced placental cell growth inhibition through its derived miR-770 targeting PTX3. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 293:118542. [PMID: 34801623 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) is a persistent environmental pollutant. Exposure to PFOS has been associated with abnormal fetal development. The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has been showed to play a role in fetal growth restriction (FGR), preeclampsia (PE) and other pregnancy complications. Whether the lncRNA contributes to PFOS-induced toxicity in the placenta remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the function of lncRNA MEG3 and its derived miR-770 in PFOS-induced placental toxicity. Pregnant mice received gavage administration of different concentrations of PFOS (0.5, 2.5, and 12.5 mg/kg/day) from GD0 to GD17, and HTR-8/SVneo cells were treated with PFOS in the concentrations of 0, 10-1, 1, 10 μM. We found that expression levels of miR-770 and its host gene MEG3 were reduced in mice placentas and HTR-8/SVneo cells with exposure of PFOS. A significant hypermethylation was observed at MEG3 promoter in placentas of mice gestational-treated with PFOS. We also confirmed that MEG3 and miR-770 overexpression alleviated the cell growth inhibition induced by PFOS. Furthermore, PTX3 (Pentraxin 3) was identified as the direct target of miR-770 and it was enhanced after PFOS exposure. In summary, our results suggested that MEG3 alleviate PFOS-induced placental cell inhibition through MEG3/miR-770/PTX3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China.
| | - Xiaojie Quan
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Saifei Lei
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Jiawei Hong
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Zhenyao Huang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Weiyi Song
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Xinxin Yang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
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Ye F, Dai Y, Wang T, Liang J, Wu X, Lan K, Sheng W. Trans-omics analyses revealed key epigenetic genes associated with overall survival in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2022; 364:577809. [PMID: 35026432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) is the second most common presentation of multiple sclerosis (MS) and is characterized by a gradually deteriorating disease with or without relapses. Approximately 80% of patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) develop SPMS within 20 years. Epidemiological investigations have revealed an average 7-year life expectancy decrease (more severe in progressive subtypes) in patients with MS. Studies have focused on the neurodegenerative pathogenesis of SPMS; and epigenetic changes have been associated with disease progression in neurodegenerative disorders. However, the evidence for the association between epigenetic changes and SPMS is scarce. Thus, in this study we aimed to identify the key epigenetic genes in SPMS. METHODS We downloaded DNA methylation and gene expression matrices from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We used bioinformatic analyses to identify key epigenetic genes associated with overall survival (OS) in patients with SPMS. RESULTS We found 49 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) between the SPMS and control GSE40360 datasets. We used the wANNOVAR server to obtain 64 methylated genes. We merged the gene expression datasets (GSE131282 and GSE135511) in the NetworkAnalyst platform and found 12,442 differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) between SPMS and controls using the Fisher's method, fixed effect model, Vote counting, and direct merging methods. Moreover, we identified 21 epigenetic genes (all hyper-methylated) after an integrating analysis of DMPs and DEGs of patients with SPMS. We established an epigenetic gene signature associated with the OS of patients with SPMS including six hyper-methylated genes (ITGA6, PPP1R16B, RNF126, ABHD8, FOXK1, and SLC6A19) based on the LASSO-Cox method. The calculated individual risk scores were associated with Oss, and we divided patients into high- and low-risk groups on the basis of the mean cut-off value. The six key epigenetic genes were significantly associated with gender, disease duration, and age at death via Spearman correlation analyses. In addition, survival analyses revealed a significant OS difference between high- and low-risk groups. The ROC curves indicated good performance for this predictive model. CONCLUSION We identified 21 hyper-methylated genes in patients with SPMS via an integrated analysis of DNA methylation and gene expression datasets. We identified a six-epigenetic gene signature that predicts the individual OS with good accuracy. These results indicated that epigenetic modifications play a vital role in the disease progression of SPMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ye
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Neurology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianzhu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Liang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxin Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Lan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Troops 32268 Hospital, Dali, China
| | - Wenli Sheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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8
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a very deadly disease. HCC initiation and progression involve multiple genetic events, including the activation of proto-oncogenes and disruption of the function of specific tumor suppressor genes. Activation of oncogenes stimulates cell growth and survival, while loss-of-function mutations of tumor suppressor genes result in unrestrained cell growth. In this review, we summarize the new findings that identified novel proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressors in HCC over the past five years. These findings may inspire the development of novel therapeutic strategies to improve the outcome of HCC patients.
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9
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Meng F, Liu J, Lu T, Zang L, Wang J, He Q, Zhou A. SNHG1 knockdown upregulates miR-376a and downregulates FOXK1/Snail axis to prevent tumor growth and metastasis in HCC. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2021; 21:264-277. [PMID: 34095464 PMCID: PMC8143978 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs), and genes are emerging players in cancer progression. In the present study, we explored the roles and interactions of oncogenic lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1), miR-376, forkhead box protein K1 (FOXK1), and Snail in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Expression of SNHG1, miR-376, and FOXK1 in HCC was characterized in clinical HCC tissues of 75 patients with HCC. The interactions between SNHG1 and miR-376 and between miR-376 and FOXK1 were predicted and confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter gene and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. Overexpression and knockdown experiments were performed in HCC cells to examine the effects of the SNHG1/miR-376/FOXK1/Snail axis on viability, apoptosis, invasiveness, and migrating abilities. Their effects on tumor growth and metastasis were validated in nude mouse models. SNHG1 and FOXK1 were upregulated, and miR-376a was downregulated in HCC. SNHG1 knockdown contributed to suppression of HCC cell viability, invasion, and migration properties and promotion of apoptosis. SNHG1 could competitively bind to miR-376a to upregulate its target gene FOXK1, which upregulated Snail. SNHG1 knockdown delayed cancer progression both in vitro and in vivo by upregulating miR-376a and downregulating FOXK1 and Snail. SNHG1 knockdown exerts anti-tumor activity in HCC, suggesting a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanzhi Meng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, P.R. China.,Prof. Dr. Cai's Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, P.R. China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, P.R. China.,Prof. Dr. Cai's Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Lu
- Shandong Coal Linyi Hot Spring Sanatorium, Linyi 276000, P.R. China
| | - Lanlan Zang
- Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, P.R. China
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, P.R. China.,Prof. Dr. Cai's Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, P.R. China
| | - Aijin Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, P.R. China
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10
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Liu L, Borlak J. Advances in Liver Cancer Stem Cell Isolation and their Characterization. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1215-1238. [PMID: 33432485 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10114-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade research on cancer stem cells (CSC) significantly contributed to a better understanding of tumor biology. Given their similarity to normal stem cells, i.e. self-renewal and pluripotency the need arises to develop robust protocols for the isolation and characterization of CSCs. As with other malignancies, hepatic tumors are composed of a heterogeneous population of cells including liver cancer stem cells (LCSC). Yet, a precise understanding of why stem cells become cancerous is still lacking. There is unmet need to develop robust protocols for the successful isolation of LCSCs from human tissue resection material as to assist in the development of molecular targeted therapies. Here we review the research progress made in the isolation and characterization of LCSCs by considering a wide range of cell surface markers and sorting methods, as applied to side populations, microsphere cultures and the gradient centrifugation method. We emphasize the different fluorescence activated cell sorting methods and the possibility to enrich LCSCs by immunomagnetic beads. We review the specificity of functional assays by considering ABCG transporter and ALDH1 enzyme activities and evaluate the in vivo tumorigenicity of LCSCs in highly sensitive bioassays. Finally, we evaluate different LCSC markers in association with viral and non-viral liver disease and explore the potential of novel drug delivery systems targeting CD133, EpCAM, CD13 and CD90 for the development of molecular targeted therapies. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jürgen Borlak
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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11
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Liu X, Li T, Kong D, You H, Kong F, Tang R. Prognostic implications of alcohol dehydrogenases in hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1204. [PMID: 33287761 PMCID: PMC7720489 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07689-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignancy with high incidence and mortality rates worldwide. Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) are huge family of dehydrogenase enzymes and associated with the prognosis of various cancers. However, comprehensive analysis of prognostic implications related to ADHs in HCC is still lacking and largely unknown. Methods The expression profiles and corresponding clinical information of HCC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Wilcoxon signed-rank test was employed to evaluate the expression of ADHs. Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to investigate the association between clinicopathological characteristics and survival. GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment analyses were performed and visualized using R/BiocManager package. Results We found that the expression of ADH1A, ADH1B, ADH1C, ADH4, and ADH6 was significantly downregulated in HCC samples compared to normal liver samples. Our univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses results showed that high expression of ADH1A, ADH1B, ADH1C, ADH4, and ADH6 was considered as an independent factor with an improved prognosis for the survival of HCC patients. Moreover, our Kaplan-Meier analysis results also revealed that high expression of AHD1A, ADH1B, ADH1C, ADH4, and ADH6 was significantly associated with good survival rate in HCC patients. In addition, GO, KEGG, and GSEA analyses unveiled several oncogenic signaling pathways were negatively associated high expression of ADHs in HCC. Conclusion In the present study, our results provide the potential prognostic biomarkers or molecular targets for the patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangye Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P. R. China. .,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Sciences Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
| | - Tingting Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P. R. China
| | - Delong Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P. R. China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Sciences Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Hongjuan You
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P. R. China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Sciences Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Fanyun Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P. R. China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Sciences Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Renxian Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P. R. China. .,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Sciences Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
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12
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Li J, Quan XJ, Chen G, Hong JW, Wang Q, Xu LL, Wang BH, Yu ZH, Yu HM. PFOS-induced placental cell growth inhibition is partially mediated by lncRNA H19 through interacting with miR-19a and miR-19b. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 261:127640. [PMID: 32738709 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), a persistent environmental pollutant, has been associated with decreased birth weight. The dysregulation of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 has been implicated in pregnancy complications such as intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR), preeclampsia (PE), however, the expression and function of H19 in PFOS-exerted detrimental effects in the placenta remains to be unveiled. Here, we explored the role of H19 in PFOS-induced placental toxicity. Results showed that PFOS caused decreased cell growth in human HTR-8/SVneo cells. Expression of H19 was increased, while miR-19a and miR-19b expression were decreased in mice placenta tissues and in HTR-8/SVneo cells exposed to PFOS. A significant hypomethylation was observed at the H19 promoter in the placentas of mice that were gestational exposed to high dose of PFOS. H19 was confirmed to bind with miR-19a and miR-19b, targeting SMAD4. Furthermore, H19 appeared to partially improve the cell growth of HTR-8/SVneo cells exposed to PFOS via upregulation of miR-19a and miR-19b. In summary, our findings revealed that H19/miR-19a and miR-19b/SMAD4 axis exerted important functions in PFOS-induced placenta cell toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China.
| | - Xiao-Jie Quan
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China.
| | - Jia-Wei Hong
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China.
| | - Lin-Lin Xu
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China.
| | - Bing-Hua Wang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China.
| | - Ze-Hua Yu
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China.
| | - Hong-Min Yu
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China.
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13
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Zhang Y, Xu M, Chen J, Chen K, Zhuang J, Yang Y, Liu X, Guan G. Prognostic Value of the FOXK Family Expression in Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Following Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:9185-9201. [PMID: 32982306 PMCID: PMC7505718 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s255956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the role of the expression levels of FOXK family members, FOXK1 and FOXK2, in predicting response to neo-chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) and prognosis in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Methods A total of 256 LARC patients who underwent NCRT and radical resection between 2011 and 2017 were enrolled in the present study. The patients were divided into a training dataset (n=169, 2011–2015) and a validation dataset (n=87, 2016–2017). Tumor tissues were collected before NCRT and post-surgery and were used for immunohistochemical analysis. Results Oncomine database analysis revealed that FOXK1 and FOXK2 were overexpressed in most cancers especially in colorectal cancer. Additionally, overexpression of FOXK1 and FOXK2 was associated with poorer prognosis by the R2 database. In both our training and validation datasets, the expression of FOXK1 and FOXK2 was lower in the pathological complete response (pCR) group compared with the non-pCR group (P<0.05). Cox regression analysis demonstrated that pathological N stage (HR=1.810, 95% CI 1.159–2.827, P=0.009), FOXK1 expression (HR=5.831, 95% CI 2.925–11.625, P<0.001), and FOXK2 expression (HR=2.390, 95% CI 11.272–4.491, P=0.007) were independent predictors of disease-free survival (DFS). Based on the Cox multivariate analysis, we constructed a risk score model that served as a prognostic biomarker and had a powerful ability to predict pCR in LARC patients upon NCRT in both training and validation groups. Conclusion Expression levels of FOXK family members were associated with chemoradiotherapy resistance and prognosis of LARC patients following NCRT and were used to construct a risk score model that is a promising biomarker for LARC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Meifang Xu
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kui Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Fuzhou City Affiliated Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfu Zhuang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanfeng Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxian Guan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
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14
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Liu A, Wu Q, Peng D, Ares I, Anadón A, Lopez-Torres B, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Wang X, Martínez MA. A novel strategy for the diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and chemoresistance of hepatocellular carcinoma: DNA methylation. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:1973-2018. [PMID: 32525219 DOI: 10.1002/med.21696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The cancer mortality rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second highest in the world and the therapeutic options are limited. The incidence of this deadly cancer is rising at an alarming rate because of the high degree of resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy, lack of proper, and adequate vaccination to hepatitis B, and lack of consciousness and knowledge about the disease itself and the lifestyle of the people. DNA methylation and DNA methylation-induced epigenetic alterations, due to their potential reversibility, open the access to develop novel biomarkers and therapeutics for HCC. The contribution to these epigenetic changes in HCC development still has not been thoroughly summarized. Thus, it is necessary to better understand the new molecular targets of HCC epigenetics in HCC diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. This review elaborates on recent key findings regarding molecular biomarkers for HCC early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Currently emerging epigenetic drugs for the treatment of HCC are summarized. In addition, combining epigenetic drugs with nonepigenetic drugs for HCC treatment is also mentioned. The molecular mechanisms of DNA methylation-mediated HCC resistance are reviewed, providing some insights into the difficulty of treating liver cancer and anticancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimei Liu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Dapeng Peng
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, China
| | - Irma Ares
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Arturo Anadón
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bernardo Lopez-Torres
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, China.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Aránzazu Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
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15
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Wencong M, Jinghan W, Yong Y, Jianyang A, Bin L, Qingbao C, Chen L, Xiaoqing J. FOXK1 Promotes Proliferation and Metastasis of Gallbladder Cancer by Activating AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Front Oncol 2020; 10:545. [PMID: 32363163 PMCID: PMC7180204 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide, with extremely poor prognosis. Recently, forkhead box k1 (FOXK1), a member of the FOX transcription factor family, has been reported to be correlated with tumor progression in multiple malignancies. However, the role of FOXK1 in GBC has not been elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that the expression level of FOXK1 was elevated in human GBC tissues and associated with increased liver metastasis, poor histological differentiation, advanced TNM stage, and shorter overall survival. Knockdown of FOXK1 expression inhibited GBC cells proliferation and metastasis. Consistently, overexpression of FOXK1 promoted GBC cells progression. Mechanical investigations verified that knockdown of FOXK1 could lead to G1/S cell cycle arrest through downregulating CDK4, CDK6, cyclin D1, and cyclin E1. And FOXK1 could regulate the expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) related proteins E-cad, N-cad, and Vimentin. Moreover, we found that FOXK1 could regulate the activation of Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. In addition, AKT special inhibitor MK-2206 could abolish the proliferation and metastasis discrepancy between FOXK1 overexpression GBC cells and control cells, which suggested the tumorpromoting effect of FOXK1 may be partially related with the activations of Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Collectively, our results suggested that FOXK1 promotes GBC cells progression and represent a novel prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target in GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Wencong
- Department of Biliary Tract Surgery I, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wang Jinghan
- Department of Biliary Tract Surgery I, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Yong
- Department of Biliary Tract Surgery I, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ao Jianyang
- Department of Biliary Tract Surgery I, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Bin
- Department of Biliary Tract Surgery I, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Qingbao
- Department of Biliary Tract Surgery I, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu Chen
- Department of Biliary Tract Surgery I, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Xiaoqing
- Department of Biliary Tract Surgery I, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Zhang S, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Xiao Q, Zhang Y, Lou Y, Qiu Y, Zhu F. The mechanistic, diagnostic and therapeutic novel nucleic acids for hepatocellular carcinoma emerging in past score years. Brief Bioinform 2020; 22:1860-1883. [PMID: 32249290 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbaa023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite The Central Dogma states the destiny of gene as 'DNA makes RNA and RNA makes protein', the nucleic acids not only store and transmit genetic information but also, surprisingly, join in intracellular vital movement as a regulator of gene expression. Bioinformatics has contributed to knowledge for a series of emerging novel nucleic acids molecules. For typical cases, microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) exert crucial role in regulating vital biological processes, especially in malignant diseases. Due to extraordinarily heterogeneity among all malignancies, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has emerged enormous limitation in diagnosis and therapy. Mechanistic, diagnostic and therapeutic nucleic acids for HCC emerging in past score years have been systematically reviewed. Particularly, we have organized recent advances on nucleic acids of HCC into three facets: (i) summarizing diverse nucleic acids and their modification (miRNA, lncRNA, circRNA, circulating tumor DNA and DNA methylation) acting as potential biomarkers in HCC diagnosis; (ii) concluding different patterns of three key noncoding RNAs (miRNA, lncRNA and circRNA) in gene regulation and (iii) outlining the progress of these novel nucleic acids for HCC diagnosis and therapy in clinical trials, and discuss their possibility for clinical applications. All in all, this review takes a detailed look at the advances of novel nucleic acids from potential of biomarkers and elaboration of mechanism to early clinical application in past 20 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital in Zhejiang University, China.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- School of Life Sciences in Nanchang University, China
| | - Zhengwen Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Qitao Xiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Yan Lou
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Yunqing Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital in Zhejiang University, China.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
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