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Brazão SC, Lima GF, Autran LJ, Mendes ABA, Dos Santos BA, Magliano DC, de Brito FCF, Motta NAV. Subacute administration of cilostazol modulates PLC-γ/PKC-α/p38/NF-kB pathway and plays vascular protective effects through eNOS activation in early stages of atherosclerosis development. Life Sci 2023; 332:122082. [PMID: 37722587 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Hypercholesterolemia is an important risk factor for development of cardiovascular disturbances, such as atherosclerosis, and its treatment remains challenging in modern medicine. Cilostazol is a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 3 clinically prescribed for intermittent claudication treatment. Due to its pleiotropic properties, such as lipid lowering, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, the therapeutic repurposing of cilostazol has become a strategic approach for atherosclerosis treatment. This study aimed to investigate the effects of subacute administration of cilostazol on the aortas of hypercholesterolemic rats, focusing on the signaling pathways involved in these actions. MAIN METHODS A murine model of hypercholesterolemia was employed to mimic the early stages of atherosclerosis development. Vascular reactivity assays were performed on thoracic aorta rings to assess the vascular response, as well as the non-invasive blood pressure was evaluated by plethysmography method. Pro-inflammatory markers and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of cilostazol. Western Blot analysis was performed in aortas homogenates to evaluate the role of cilostazol on PLC-γ/PKC-α/p38-MAPK/IκB-α/NF-кB and PKA/eNOS/PKG pathways. KEY FINDINGS The hypercholesterolemic diet induced the production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α, TXB2, VCAM, and worsened vascular function, marked by increased contractile response, decreased maximum relaxation, and elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Cilostazol seems to counteract the deleterious effects promoted by hypercholesterolemic diet, showing important anti-inflammatory and vasculoprotective properties possibly through the inhibition of the PLC-γ/PKC-α/p38-MAPK/IκB-α/NF-кB pathway and activation of the PKA/eNOS/PKG pathway. SIGNIFICANCE Cilostazol suppressed hypercholesterolemia-induced vascular dysfunction and inflammation. Our data suggest the potential repurposing of cilostazol as a pharmacological treatment for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephani Correia Brazão
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology (LAFE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Room 310, Valonguinho, 24020-150 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Ferreira Lima
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology (LAFE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Room 310, Valonguinho, 24020-150 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lis Jappour Autran
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology (LAFE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Room 310, Valonguinho, 24020-150 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Araújo Mendes
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology (LAFE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Room 310, Valonguinho, 24020-150 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Alexandre Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Morphological and Metabolic Analyses, Department of Morphology Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Brazil
| | - Dangelo Carlo Magliano
- Laboratory of Morphological and Metabolic Analyses, Department of Morphology Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Brazil
| | - Fernanda Carla Ferreira de Brito
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology (LAFE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Room 310, Valonguinho, 24020-150 Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Nadia Alice Vieira Motta
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology (LAFE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Room 310, Valonguinho, 24020-150 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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Huang JB, Chen ZR, Yang SL, Hong FF. Nitric Oxide Synthases in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114414. [PMID: 37298893 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by severe joint damage and disability. However, the specific mechanism of RA has not been thoroughly clarified over the past decade. Nitric oxide (NO), a kind of gas messenger molecule with many molecular targets, is demonstrated to have significant roles in histopathology and homeostasis. Three nitric oxide synthases (NOS) are related to producing NO and regulating the generation of NO. Based on the latest studies, NOS/NO signaling pathways play a key role in the pathogenesis of RA. Overproduction of NO can induce the generation and release of inflammatory cytokines and act as free radical gas to accumulate and trigger oxidative stress, which can involve in the pathogenesis of RA. Therefore, targeting NOS and its upstream and downstream signaling pathways may be an effective approach to managing RA. This review clearly summarizes the NOS/NO signaling pathway, the pathological changes of RA, the involvement of NOS/NO in RA pathogenesis and the conventional and novel drugs based on NOS/NO signaling pathways that are still in clinical trials and have good therapeutic potential in recent years, with an aim to provide a theoretical basis for further exploration of the role of NOS/NO in the pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Bao Huang
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhi-Ru Chen
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Shu-Long Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University, Fuzhou 344000, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Diseases, Fuzhou Medical University, Fuzhou 344000, China
- Technology Innovation Center of Chronic Disease Research in Fuzhou City, Fuzhou Science and Technology Bureau, Fuzhou 344000, China
| | - Fen-Fang Hong
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
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Refaie MMM, Ahmed Ibrahim R, Shehata S. Dose dependent effect of cilostazol in induced testicular ischemia reperfusion via modulation of HIF/VEGF and cAMP/SIRT1 pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108197. [PMID: 34626874 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Twisting of the spermatic cord is a common dangerous health problem that may be accompanied with testicular necrosis and infertility. Cilostazol (CLZ) is a selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3A inhibitor used for treatment of intermittent claudication. It has a great role in myocardial, spinal cord and hepatic ischaemia/reperfusion. However, till now, there are no researches evaluating its role in testicular ischaemia/reperfusion (TIR). The current work studies its capability to improve TIR induced injury with more concentration on the mechanisms involved in such effect. Four groups of animals were included: sham, TIR induced group, TIR plus CLZ low dose (10 mg/kg), TIR plus CLZ high dose (30 mg/kg). Our results proved that TIR had significant decrease of the serum ELISA of testosterone, marked disturbances in oxidative stress evaluated parameters as malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), ELISA measurement of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin 1 beta (IL1β) inflammatory mediators, apoptotic marker (caspase3) using western blotting, immunohistochemistry of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). TIR reduced the protective agents as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) by ELISA method with marked germinal cell apoptosis. The biochemical results were confirmed by the histopathological findings that showed marked decrease in both Johnsen's score and Cosentino's score. However, treatment with CLZ significantly reversed the profound TIR damaging effects, on the basis of its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-apoptotic activities with recuperation of the testicular vascularity. Modulation of HIF/VEGF and cAMP/SIRT1 pathways showed a great role in mediating such effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M M Refaie
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, 61511 El-Minia, Egypt.
| | - Randa Ahmed Ibrahim
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, 61511 El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Sayed Shehata
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, 61511 El-Minia, Egypt
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Sun C, Su S, Zhu Y, Guo J, Guo S, Qian D, Yu L, Gu W, Duan JA. Salvia miltiorrhiza stem-leaf active components of salvianolic acids and flavonoids improved the hemorheological disorder and vascular endothelial function on microcirculation dysfunction rats. Phytother Res 2020; 34:1704-1720. [PMID: 32185841 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Microcirculation, which connects macrocirculation and cells between arterioles and venules, plays a major role in the early onset of a variety of diseases. In this article, a dextran-induced microcirculation dysfunction (MCDF) model rats were adopted to evaluate the effects and mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza stem-leaf extracts based on plasma and urine metabonomics. The results showed the effective components of S. miltiorrhiza stem-leaf could significantly improve the hemorheology and coagulation index of MCDF rats and callback the expression of endothelin-1 (ET-1), induciblenitric oxide synthase (iNOS), vascularendothelial growth factor (VEGF), P-Selectin, thromboxane A2, 6-keto-PGF1α , TNF-α, and interleukin-1β to control group in MCDF rats. The decrease of microvessel density (MVD) in lung and thymus caused by MCDF was upgraded by Salvia miltiorrhiza stem-leaf. Based on the plasma and urine metabolic data, 20 potential biomarkers were identified. These biomarkers are mainly related to linoleic acid metabolism, glutathione metabolism, pantothenate and coenzyme A biosynthesis, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, pyruvate metabolism, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, beta-alanine metabolism, and citrate cycle. The results indicated that the effective components of S. miltiorrhiza stem-leaf can improve the hemorheological disorder and vascular endothelial function. Meanwhile, the effective components can regulate potential biomarkers and correlated metabolic pathway, which can provide guidance for the research and development of new drugs for MCDF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjing Sun
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shulan Su
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianming Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dawei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Yu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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