1
|
Mori R, Mae M, Yamanaka H, Kato S, Masuyama R. Locomotor function of skeletal muscle is regulated by vitamin D via adenosine triphosphate metabolism. Nutrition 2023; 115:112117. [PMID: 37531790 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES During musculoskeletal development, the vitamin D endocrine system is crucial, because vitamin D-dependent calcium absorption is a major regulator of bone growth. Because exercise regimens depend on bone mass, the direct action of active vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3]) on musculoskeletal performance should be determined. METHODS To evaluate the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on muscle tissue, the vitamin D receptor (Vdr) gene was genetically inactivated in mouse skeletal muscle and the role of 1,25(OH)2D3-VDR signaling on locomotor function was assessed. The direct action of 1,25(OH)2D3 on muscle development was determined using cultured C2C12 cells with myogenic differentiation. RESULTS The lack of Vdr activity in skeletal muscle decreased spontaneous locomotor activity, suggesting that the skeletal muscle performance depended on 1,25(OH)2D3-VDR signaling. Bone phenotypes, reduced femoral bone mineral density, and accelerated osteoclast bone resorption were confirmed in mice lacking skeletal muscle Vdr activity. In vitro study revealed that the treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 decreased the cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-to-adenosine monophosphate ratio without reducing ATP production. Remarkably, protein expressions of connexin 43, an ATP releaser to extracellular space, and ATP metabolizing enzyme ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 1 were increased responding to 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment. Furthermore, the concentration of pyrophosphate in the culture medium, which inhibits tissue calcification, was increased with 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment. In the presence of 1,25(OH)2D3-VDR signaling, calcium accumulation was suppressed in both muscle samples isolated from mice and in cultured C2C12 cells. CONCLUSIONS This study dissected the physiological functions of 1,25(OH)2D3-VDR signaling in muscle and revealed that regulation of ATP dynamics is involved in sustaining locomotor function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Risako Mori
- Graduate School of Gastronomy Management, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Megumi Mae
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hitoki Yamanaka
- Division of Animal Research, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Kato
- Health Sciences Research Center, Iryo Sosei University, Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan; Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Tokiwa Foundation, Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Masuyama
- Graduate School of Gastronomy Management, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jorgensen A, Köhler-Forsberg K, Henriksen T, Weimann A, Brandslund I, Ellervik C, Poulsen HE, Knudsen GM, Frokjaer VG, Jorgensen MB. Systemic DNA and RNA damage from oxidation after serotonergic treatment of unipolar depression. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:204. [PMID: 35577781 PMCID: PMC9110351 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01969-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that antidepressants that inhibit the serotonin transporter reduces oxidative stress. DNA and RNA damage from oxidation is involved in aging and a range of age-related pathophysiological processes. Here, we studied the urinary excretion of markers of DNA and RNA damage from oxidation, 8-oxodG and 8-oxoGuo, respectively, in the NeuroPharm cohort of 100 drug-free patients with unipolar depression and in 856 non-psychiatric community controls. Patients were subsequently treated for 8 weeks with escitalopram in flexible doses of 5-20 mg; seven of these switched to duloxetine by week 4, as allowed by the protocol. At week 8, 82 patients were followed up clinically and with measurements of 8-oxodG/8-oxoGuo. Contextual data were collected in patients, including markers of cortisol excretion and low-grade inflammation. The intervention was associated with a substantial reduction in both 8-oxodG/8-oxoGuo excretion (25% and 10%, respectively). The change was not significantly correlated to measures of clinical improvement. Both markers were strongly and negatively correlated to cortisol, as measured by the area under the curve for the full-day salivary cortisol excretion. Surprisingly, patients had similar levels of 8-oxodG excretion and lower levels of 8-oxoGuo excretion at baseline compared to the controls. We conclude that intervention with serotonin reuptake inhibitors in unipolar depression is associated with a reduction in systemic DNA and RNA damage from oxidation. To our knowledge, this to date the largest intervention study to characterize this phenomenon, and the first to include a marker of RNA oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anders Jorgensen
- Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Kristin Köhler-Forsberg
- grid.466916.a0000 0004 0631 4836Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.475435.4Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trine Henriksen
- grid.4973.90000 0004 0646 7373Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Copenhagen, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Allan Weimann
- grid.4973.90000 0004 0646 7373Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Copenhagen, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Ivan Brandslund
- grid.459623.f0000 0004 0587 0347Department of Clinical Immunology and Biochemistry, Lillebælt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark ,grid.10825.3e0000 0001 0728 0170Faculty of Health Science, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Christina Ellervik
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XInstitute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Henrik E. Poulsen
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XInstitute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.4973.90000 0004 0646 7373Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Copenhagen, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark ,grid.4973.90000 0004 0646 7373Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Hillerød, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.4973.90000 0004 0646 7373Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital Hillerød, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gitte Moos Knudsen
- grid.475435.4Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XInstitute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vibe G. Frokjaer
- grid.466916.a0000 0004 0631 4836Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.475435.4Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XInstitute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin B. Jorgensen
- grid.466916.a0000 0004 0631 4836Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.475435.4Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XInstitute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ribaudo G, Bortoli M, Witt CE, Parke B, Mena S, Oselladore E, Zagotto G, Hashemi P, Orian L. ROS-Scavenging Selenofluoxetine Derivatives Inhibit In Vivo Serotonin Reuptake. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:8314-8322. [PMID: 35309454 PMCID: PMC8928538 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
While the neurochemistry that underpins the behavioral phenotypes of depression is the subject of many studies, oxidative stress caused by the inflammation comorbid with depression has not adequately been addressed. In this study, we described novel antidepressant-antioxidant agents consisting of selenium-modified fluoxetine derivatives to simultaneously target serotonin reuptake (antidepressant action) and oxidative stress. Excitingly, we show that one of these agents (1-F) carries the ability to inhibit serotonin reuptake in vivo in mice. We therefore present a frontier dual strategy that paves the way for the future of antidepressant therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Ribaudo
- Dipartimento
di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Bortoli
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli
Studi di Padova Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Colby E. Witt
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of South Carolina, Columbia South Carolina 29201, United States
| | - Brenna Parke
- Department
of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Sergio Mena
- Department
of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Erika Oselladore
- Dipartimento
di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zagotto
- Dipartimento
di Scienze del Farmaco, Università
degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Parastoo Hashemi
- Department
of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of South Carolina, Columbia South Carolina 29201, United States
| | - Laura Orian
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli
Studi di Padova Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Emmerzaal TL, Nijkamp G, Veldic M, Rahman S, Andreazza AC, Morava E, Rodenburg RJ, Kozicz T. Effect of neuropsychiatric medications on mitochondrial function: For better or for worse. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 127:555-571. [PMID: 34000348 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with mitochondrial disease often present with psychopathological comorbidity, and mitochondrial dysfunction has been proposed as the underlying pathobiology in various psychiatric disorders. Several studies have suggested that medications used to treat neuropsychiatric disorders could directly influence mitochondrial function. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the effect of these medications on mitochondrial function. We collected preclinical information on six major groups of antidepressants and other neuropsychiatric medications and found that the majority of these medications either positively influenced mitochondrial function or showed mixed effects. Only amitriptyline, escitalopram, and haloperidol were identified as having exclusively adverse effects on mitochondrial function. In the absence of formal clinical trials, and until such trials are completed, the data from preclinical studies reported and discussed here could inform medication prescribing practices for individuals with psychopathology and impaired mitochondrial function in the underlying pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim L Emmerzaal
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Mayo Clinic, Department of Clinical Genomics, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Gerben Nijkamp
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marin Veldic
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Shamima Rahman
- Mitochondrial Research Group, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom; Metabolic Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Cristina Andreazza
- University of Toronto, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology and Psychiatry, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eva Morava
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Clinical Genomics, Rochester, MN, USA; Mayo Clinic, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tamas Kozicz
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Mayo Clinic, Department of Clinical Genomics, Rochester, MN, USA; Mayo Clinic, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rochester, MN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Giménez-Palomo A, Dodd S, Anmella G, Carvalho AF, Scaini G, Quevedo J, Pacchiarotti I, Vieta E, Berk M. The Role of Mitochondria in Mood Disorders: From Physiology to Pathophysiology and to Treatment. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:546801. [PMID: 34295268 PMCID: PMC8291901 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.546801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are cellular organelles involved in several biological processes, especially in energy production. Several studies have found a relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and mood disorders, such as major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. Impairments in energy production are found in these disorders together with higher levels of oxidative stress. Recently, many agents capable of enhancing antioxidant defenses or mitochondrial functioning have been studied for the treatment of mood disorders as adjuvant therapy to current pharmacological treatments. A better knowledge of mitochondrial physiology and pathophysiology might allow the identification of new therapeutic targets and the development and study of novel effective therapies to treat these specific mitochondrial impairments. This could be especially beneficial for treatment-resistant patients. In this article, we provide a focused narrative review of the currently available evidence supporting the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in mood disorders, the effects of current therapies on mitochondrial functions, and novel targeted therapies acting on mitochondrial pathways that might be useful for the treatment of mood disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Giménez-Palomo
- Bipolar and Depressives Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Seetal Dodd
- Deakin University, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gerard Anmella
- Bipolar and Depressives Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andre F Carvalho
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Giselli Scaini
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Joao Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States.,Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, Brazil.,Center of Excellence in Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Isabella Pacchiarotti
- Bipolar and Depressives Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Bipolar and Depressives Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael Berk
- School of Medicine, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Oliveira RF, Paiva KM, da Rocha GS, de Moura Freire MA, de Araújo DP, de Oliveira LC, Guzen FP, de Gois Morais PLA, de Paiva Cavalcanti JRL. Neurobiological effects of forced swim exercise on the rodent hippocampus: a systematic review. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021; 81:58-68. [PMID: 33949162 DOI: 10.21307/ane-2021-007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Forced swimming is a common exercise method used for its low cost and easy management, as seen in studies with the hippocampus. Since it is applied for varied research purposes many protocols are available with diverse aspects of physical intensity, time and periodicity, which produces variable outcomes. In the present study, we performed a systematic review to stress the neurobiological effects of forced swim exercise on the rodent hippocampus. Behavior, antioxidant levels, neurotrophins and inflammatory markers were the main topics examined upon the swimming effects. Better results among these analyses were associated with forced exercise at moderate intensity with an adaptation period and the opposite for continuous exhausting exercises with no adaptation. On further consideration, a standard swimming protocol is necessary to reduce variability of results for each scenario investigated about the impact of the forced swimming on the hippocampus. Forced swimming is a common exercise method used for its low cost and easy management, as seen in studies with the hippocampus. Since it is applied for varied research purposes many protocols are available with diverse aspects of physical intensity, time and periodicity, which produces variable outcomes. In the present study, we performed a systematic review to stress the neurobiological effects of forced swim exercise on the rodent hippocampus. Behavior, antioxidant levels, neurotrophins and inflammatory markers were the main topics examined upon the swimming effects. Better results among these analyses were associated with forced exercise at moderate intensity with an adaptation period and the opposite for continuous exhausting exercises with no adaptation. On further consideration, a standard swimming protocol is necessary to reduce variability of results for each scenario investigated about the impact of the forced swimming on the hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Freire Oliveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology , Department of Biomedical Sciences , University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte , Brazil
| | - Karina Maia Paiva
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology , Department of Biomedical Sciences , University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte , Brazil
| | - Gabriel Sousa da Rocha
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology , Department of Biomedical Sciences , University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte , Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio de Moura Freire
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology , Department of Biomedical Sciences , University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte , Brazil
| | - Dayane Pessoa de Araújo
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology , Department of Biomedical Sciences , University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte , Brazil
| | - Lucídio Cleberson de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology , Department of Biomedical Sciences , University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte , Brazil
| | - Fausto Pierdoná Guzen
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology , Department of Biomedical Sciences , University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte , Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao Y, Shen F, Gong M, Jin L, Ren X, Liu K, Lu J. Lifelong treadmill training improves muscle function detected by a modified grip strength test during aging in BALB/c mice. Life Sci 2020; 251:117603. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
8
|
Ribaudo G, Bortoli M, Ongaro A, Oselladore E, Gianoncelli A, Zagotto G, Orian L. Fluoxetine scaffold to design tandem molecular antioxidants and green catalysts. RSC Adv 2020; 10:18583-18593. [PMID: 35518299 PMCID: PMC9053872 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03509b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluoxetine finds application in the treatment of depression and mood disorders. This selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) also contrasts oxidative stress by direct ROS scavenging, modulation of the endogenous antioxidant defense system, and/or enhancement of the serotonin antioxidant capacity. We synthesised some fluoxetine analogues incorporating a selenium nucleus, thus expanding its antioxidant potential by enabling a hydroperoxides-inactivating, glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like activity. Radical scavenging and peroxidatic activity were combined in a water-soluble, drug-like, tandem antioxidant molecule. Selenofluoxetine derivatives were reacted with H2O2 in water, and the mechanistic details of the reaction were unravelled combining nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and quantum chemistry calculations. The observed oxidation–elimination process led to the formation of seleninic acid and cinnamylamine in a trans-selective manner. This mechanism is likely to be extended to other substrates for the preparation of unsaturated cinnamylamines. We modified fluoxetine by incorporating a selenium nucleus enabling a hydroperoxide-inactivating, glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like activity and paving the way for its use as green catalyst.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Ribaudo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale
- Università degli Studi di Brescia
- 25123 Brescia
- Italy
| | - Marco Bortoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università degli Studi di Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Alberto Ongaro
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale
- Università degli Studi di Brescia
- 25123 Brescia
- Italy
| | - Erika Oselladore
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco
- Università degli Studi di Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Alessandra Gianoncelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale
- Università degli Studi di Brescia
- 25123 Brescia
- Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zagotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco
- Università degli Studi di Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Laura Orian
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università degli Studi di Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| |
Collapse
|