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Dong T, Li J, Liu Y, Zhou S, Wei X, Hua H, Tang K, Zhang X, Wang Y, Wu Z, Gao C, Zhang H. Roles of immune dysregulation in MASLD. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116069. [PMID: 38147736 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. Its occurrence and progression involve the process from simple hepatic steatosis to metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis (MASH), which could develop into advanced liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Growing evidences support that the pathogenesis and progression of MASLD are closely related to immune system dysfunction. This review aims to summarize the association of MASLD with immune disorders and the prospect of using immunotherapy for MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Dong
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jiajin Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shikai Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hongting Hua
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kechao Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Chaobing Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Huabing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Pan Z, Du G, Li G, Wu D, Chen X, Geng Z. Apolipoprotein H: a novel regulator of fat accumulation in duck myoblasts. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 64:1199-1214. [PMID: 36812035 PMCID: PMC9890340 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2022.e60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein H (APOH) primarily engages in fat metabolism and inflammatory disease response. This study aimed to investigate the effects of APOH on fat synthesis in duck myoblasts (CS2s) by APOH overexpression and knockdown. CS2s overexpressing APOH showed enhanced triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol (CHOL) contents and elevated the mRNA and protein expression of AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1), ELOVL fatty acid elongase 6 (ELOVL6), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) while reducing the expression of protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1 (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG), acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 1 (ACSL1), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL). The results showed that knockdown of APOH in CS2s reduced the content of TG and CHOL, reduced the expression of ACC1, ELOVL6, and AKT1, and increased the gene and protein expression of PPARG, LPL, ACSL1, and AMPK. Our results showed that APOH affected lipid deposition in myoblasts by inhibiting fatty acid beta-oxidation and promoting fatty acid biosynthesis by regulating the expression of the AKT/AMPK pathway. This study provides the necessary basic information for the role of APOH in fat accumulation in duck myoblasts for the first time and enables researchers to study the genes related to fat deposition in meat ducks in a new direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Guoqing Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Guoyu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Dongsheng Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xingyong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China,Corresponding author: Xingyong Chen,
College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei
230036, China. Tel: +86-15605510863, E-mail:
| | - Zhaoyu Geng
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China,Corresponding author: Xingyong Chen,
College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei
230036, China. Tel: +86-15605510863, E-mail:
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VWF, Platelets and the Antiphospholipid Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084200. [PMID: 33919627 PMCID: PMC8074042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterized by thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity with the persistent presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs). Laboratory criteria for the classification of APS include the detection of lupus anticoagulant (LAC), anti-cardiolipin (aCL) antibodies and anti-β2glycoprotein I (aβ2GPI) antibodies. Clinical criteria for the classification of thrombotic APS include venous and arterial thrombosis, along with microvascular thrombosis. Several aPLs, including LAC, aβ2GPI and anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies (aPS/PT) have been associated with arterial thrombosis. The Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) plays an important role in arterial thrombosis by mediating platelet adhesion and aggregation. Studies have shown that aPLs antibodies present in APS patients are able to increase the risk of arterial thrombosis by upregulating the plasma levels of active VWF and by promoting platelet activation. Inflammatory reactions induced by APS may also provide a suitable condition for arterial thrombosis, mostly ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction. The presence of other cardiovascular risk factors can enhance the effect of aPLs and increase the risk for thrombosis even more. These factors should therefore be taken into account when investigating APS-related arterial thrombosis. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism by which aPLs can cause thrombosis remains to be elucidated.
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Dobri AM, Dudău M, Enciu AM, Hinescu ME. CD36 in Alzheimer's Disease: An Overview of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targeting. Neuroscience 2020; 453:301-311. [PMID: 33212223 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
CD36 is a membrane protein with wide distribution in the human body, is enriched in the monocyte-macrophage system and endothelial cells, and is involved in the cellular uptake of long chain fatty acids (LCFA) and oxidized low-density lipoproteins. It is also a scavenger receptor, binding hydrophobic amyloid fibrils found in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. In neurobiology research, it has been mostly studied in relationship with chronic ischemia and stroke, but it was also related to amyloid clearance by microglial phagocytosis. In AD animal models, amyloid binding to CD36 has been consistently correlated with a pro-inflammatory response. Therapeutic approaches have two main focuses: CD36 blockade with monoclonal antibodies or small molecules, which is beneficial in terms of the inflammatory milieu, and upregulation of CD36 for increased amyloid clearance. The balance of the two approaches, centered on microglia, is poorly understood. Furthermore, CD36 evaluation in AD clinical studies is still at a very early stage and there is a gap in the knowledge regarding the impact of LCFA on AD progression and CD36 expression and genetic phenotype. This review summarizes the role played by CD36 in the pathogenic amyloid cascade and explore the translatability of preclinical data towards clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Dobri
- "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 5 Eroilor Sanitari Blvd, 050047 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Maria Dudău
- "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 5 Eroilor Sanitari Blvd, 050047 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Ana-Maria Enciu
- "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 5 Eroilor Sanitari Blvd, 050047 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Mihail Eugen Hinescu
- "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 5 Eroilor Sanitari Blvd, 050047 Bucharest, Romania
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Shu H, Peng Y, Hang W, Nie J, Zhou N, Wang DW. The role of CD36 in cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 118:115-129. [PMID: 33210138 PMCID: PMC8752351 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD36, also known as the scavenger receptor B2, is a multifunctional receptor widely expressed in various organs. CD36 plays a crucial role in the uptake of long-chain fatty acids, the main metabolic substrate in myocardial tissue. The maturation and transportation of CD36 is regulated by post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, and palmitoylation. CD36 is decreased in pathological cardiac hypertrophy caused by ischaemia-reperfusion and pressure overload, and increased in diabetic cardiomyopathy and atherosclerosis. Deficiency of CD36 alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy and atherosclerosis, while overexpression of CD36 eliminates ischaemia-reperfusion damage, together suggesting that CD36 is closely associated with the progression of cardiovascular diseases and may be a new therapeutic target. This review summarizes the regulation and post-translational modifications of CD36 and evaluates its role in cardiovascular diseases and its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Shu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Yizhong Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Weijian Hang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Jiali Nie
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Ning Zhou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
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