1
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Kabil MF, Azzazy HMES, Nasr M. Recent progress on polySarcosine as an alternative to PEGylation: Synthesis and biomedical applications. Int J Pharm 2024; 653:123871. [PMID: 38301810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Biotherapeutic PEGylation to prolong action of medications has gained popularity over the last decades. Various hydrophilic natural polymers have been developed to tackle the drawbacks of PEGylation, such as its accelerated blood clearance and non-biodegradability. Polypeptoides, such as polysarcosine (pSar), have been explored as hydrophilic substitutes for PEG. pSar has PEG-like physicochemical characteristics such as water solubility and no reported cytotoxicity and immunogenicity. This review discusses pSar derivatives, synthesis, characterization approaches, biomedical applications, in addition to the challenges and future perspectives of pSar based biomaterials as an alternative to PEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fawzi Kabil
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Hassan Mohamed El-Said Azzazy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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2
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Milad SS, Ali SE, Attia MZ, Khattab MS, El-Ashaal ES, Elshoky HA, Azouz AM. Enhanced immune responses in dexamethasone immunosuppressed male rats supplemented with herbal extracts, chitosan nanoparticles, and their conjugates. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126170. [PMID: 37573907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the world is challenged with highly contagious diseases, one of their preliminary virulence mechanisms is the suppression of innate immunity. Therefore, promoting natural immunity is a good precautionary strategy. we investigated and compared the effects of several natural herbal extracts -Moringa oleifera, Ziziphus spina christi, and Saussurea costus, and chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs)- as well as conjugated extracts with CS NPs on the immunological parameters of dexamethasone immunosuppressed (IS) male rats. The plant extracts were assessed for total flavonoids, phenolics, and antioxidant activity. The CS NPs and their conjugates were characterized using particles size, zeta potentials, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses. The chemical analysis of the plant extracts, CS NPs, and their conjugates was performed using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence, and their cytotoxicity was evaluated in human lung fibroblast (WI-38) and human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cell lines. For in vivo evaluations, 72 adult male rats were divided into 9 groups: control, IS, three plant extracts, CS, and conjugates of the three plant extracts and CS NPs. Oral supplementation (day after day) lasted for 28 days. Liver, kidney, and spleen tissue samples were collected for histopathology and Ki-67 expression analyses. The results revealed that the plant extracts and CS improved the total leukocyte counts, complement 3, complement 4, interferon-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor levels at day 28. However, the plant extract-CS NPs conjugates faster and have higher immunostimulatory effects at day 14. Furthermore, the atrophied white pulp of the spleen induced by dexamethasone was alleviated, and Ki-67 expression was elevated in all the treated groups. Conclusively, the conjugates of Moringa oleifera, Ziziphus spina christi, and Saussurea costus extract with CS NPs demonstrated more potent and rapid immune responses at lower doses and concentrations compared to the plant extracts or CS NPs alone, without causing liver or kidney injuries. Thus, supplementation of these conjugated plant extracts at lower doses and concentrations is recommended to improve immunity while considering safety considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvia S Milad
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Sara E Ali
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud Z Attia
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Marwa S Khattab
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Eman S El-Ashaal
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Material Central Lab, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt; Regional Center for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hisham A Elshoky
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Material Central Lab, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt; Regional Center for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt; Tumor Biology Research Program, Department of Research, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, P.O Box 11441, 1 Seket Al-Emam Street, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Afaf M Azouz
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
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3
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Liu T, Zhou N, Bai Z, Cao Y, Zhang J, Wang Y, Zheng X, Feng W. A comparative metabolomics study on dried and processed Rehmannia Radix. Biomed Chromatogr 2023; 37:e5654. [PMID: 37070162 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of Rehmannia Radix changes after processing. However, the precise effect of processing on the properties of Rehmannia Radix is an intricate topic, as this effect cannot be explained by traditional methods. The purpose of this study was to investigate how processing methods influence the properties of Rehmannia Radix, as well as the changes in body function after administering dried Rehmannia Radix (RR) and processed Rehmannia Radix (PR) using a metabolomics approach. In addition, principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis models were generated using SIMCA-P 14.0 to evaluate the properties of RR and PR. Potential biomarkers were identified, and associated metabolic networks were established to clarify differences in the properties and efficacies of RR and PR. The results showed that RR and PR have cold and hot properties, respectively. RR can exert a hypolipidaemic effect by regulating nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism. PR exerts a tonic effect and regulates the body's reproductive function through the regulation of alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, arachidonic acid, pentose and glucuronate metabolism, respectively. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based metabolomics is a promising approach to determine the cold/hot properties of traditional Chinese medicine formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhiyao Bai
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yumin Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinying Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoke Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weisheng Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
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Elbaset MA, Nasr M, Ibrahim BMM, Ahmed-Farid OAH, Bakeer RM, Hassan NS, Ahmed RF. Curcumin nanoemulsion counteracts hepatic and cardiac complications associated with high-fat/high-fructose diet in rats. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14442. [PMID: 36165438 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between the incidence of cardiovascular abnormalities and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has long been postulated. Curcumin (CUR) is a potential anti-atherosclerotic agent but its poor water solubility hinders its pharmacological use. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of formulation of CUR nanoemulsion prepared using the spontaneous emulsification technique on high fat high fructose (HFHF)-induced hepatic and cardiac complications. Fifty Wistar rats were divided into five groups. CUR nanoemulsion at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg and conventional powdered CUR at a dose of 50 mg/kg were orally administered daily to rats for two weeks, and compared with normal control and HFHF control. Results revealed that the high dose level of CUR nanoemulsion was superior to conventional CUR in ameliorating the HFHF-induced insulin resistance status and hyperlipidemia, with beneficial impact on rats' recorded electrocardiogram (ECG), serum aspartate aminotransferase (ALT) and alanine aminotransferase (AST) levels, leptin, adiponectin, creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase and cardiac troponin-I. In addition, hepatic and cardiac oxidative and nitrosative stresses, oxidative DNA damage and disrupted cellular energy statuses were counteracted. Results were also confirmed by histopathological examination. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The use of curcumin nanoemulsion could be beneficial in combating hepatic and cardiac complications resulting from HFHF diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marawan Abd Elbaset
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bassant M M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Omar A H Ahmed-Farid
- Department of Physiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rofanda M Bakeer
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
| | - Nabila S Hassan
- Department of Pathology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rania F Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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Ahmed ES, Mohamed HE, Farrag MA. Luteolin loaded on zinc oxide nanoparticles ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with insulin resistance in diabetic rats via regulation of PI3K/AKT/FoxO1 pathway. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2022; 36:3946320221137435. [PMID: 36319192 PMCID: PMC9630902 DOI: 10.1177/03946320221137435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a worldwide health problem with high prevalence and morbidity associated with obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and dyslipidemia. Nano-formulation of luteolin with Zn oxide in the form of Lut/ZnO NPs may improve the anti-diabetic property of each alone and ameliorate the insulin resistance thus management of NAFLD. This study aimed to measure the efficiency of Lut/ZnO NPs against insulin resistance coupled with NAFLD and T2DM. METHODS A diabetic rat model with NAFLD was induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (30 mg/kg I.P). Serum diabetogenic markers levels, lipid profile, and activity of liver enzymes were measured beside liver oxidative stress markers. Moreover, the hepatic expressions of PI3K/AKT/FoxO1/SERBP1c as well as heme oxygenase-1 were measured beside the histopathological examination. RESULTS Lut/ZnO NPs treatment effectively reduced hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and ameliorated insulin resistance. Additionally, Lut/ZnO NPs improved the hepatic functions, the antioxidant system, and reduced the oxidative stress markers. Furthermore, the lipid load in the liver, as well as the circulating TG and TC, was minified via the suppression of lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis. Moreover, Lut/ZnO NPs activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, hence inactivating FoxO1, therefore enhancing the hepatic cells' insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSION Lut/ZnO NPs have a hepatoprotective effect and may relieve the progression of NAFLD by alleviating insulin resistance, ameliorating the antioxidant status, and regulating the insulin signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa Sa Ahmed
- Radiation Biology Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, 68892Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah E Mohamed
- Radiation Biology Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, 68892Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A Farrag
- Radiation Biology Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, 68892Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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Ahmed RF, Nasr M, Abd Elbaset M, Hussein AF, Ahmed-Farid OAH, Shafee N, Shabana ME. Combating hematopoietic and hepatocellular abnormalities resulting from administration of cisplatin: Role of liver targeted glycyrrhetinic acid nanoliposomes loaded with amino acids. Pharm Dev Technol 2022; 27:925-941. [PMID: 36168910 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2022.2129687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of cisplatin in cancer treatment renders its use vital to clinicians. However, the accompanying side effects as cachexia, emesis and liver damage necessitate the use of a dietary supplement which is capable of hindering such undesirable complications. The branched chain amino acids as well as glutamine and arginine have been proven to be effective nutritional co-adjuvant therapeutic agents. Furthermore, new pharmaceutical approaches encompass designing organ-targeted nanoformulations to increase the medicinal efficacy. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the beneficial effects of liver-targeted amino acids-loaded nanoliposomes in counteracting the adverse hematopoietic and hepatic complications associated with cisplatin. Results revealed the use of the combination of two nanoliposomal formulations (one loading leucine + isolecuine + valine, and the other loading glutamine and arginine) given orally at a dose of 200 mg/kg for twelve days was effective against cisplatin-induced toxicities represented by improvement in the complete blood picture parameters, decrease in the serum hepatic enzymes levels, amelioration of the hepatic oxidative stress and cellular energy imbalance along with reduction in the histopathological abnormalities. It can be concluded that amino acids loaded nanoliposomes could be considered a new strategy in preventing cisplatin's adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania F Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Marawan Abd Elbaset
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alyaa F Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Omar A H Ahmed-Farid
- Department of Physiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, 12553, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nermin Shafee
- Department of Pathology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa E Shabana
- Department of Pathology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
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The Use of Chitosan-Coated Nanovesicles in Repairing Alcohol-Induced Damage of Liver Cells in Mice. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58060762. [PMID: 35744025 PMCID: PMC9229649 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives In the past few decades, the studies concerning the natural polysaccharide chitosan have been centered on a new direction: its hepatoprotective action. The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of previously designed chitosan lipid vesicles on the liver damage induced by alcohol consumption in mice. Materials and Methods The study involved the oral administration of substances in one daily dose as follows: Group 1 (control): water; Group 2 (control alcohol): 5% alcohol in water; Group 3 (CHIT): 0.1 mL/10 g body weight chitosan solution in animals treated with alcohol; Group 4 (CHIT-ves): 0.1 mL/10 g body chitosan vesicles in animals treated with alcohol; Group 5 (AcA): 200 mg/kg body ascorbic acid in animals treated with alcohol. In order to evaluate liver damage after alcohol consumption, the following hematological parameters were tested: the activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase; serum values of urea and creatinine; the phagocytic capacity of polymorphonuclear neutrophilsin peripheral blood;serum opsonic capacity;bactericidal capacity of peritoneal macrophages; and the activity of malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and lactate dehydrogenase. Results and Conclusions The treatment with chitosan vesicles decreased liver enzyme activity and reduced the oxidative stress disturbances in alcoholic mice, thus repairing the hepatic functional and structural damages. These beneficial activities of chitosan vesicles were comparable with ascorbic acid effects in alcoholic mice.
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El-Kady RR, Ali AK, El Wakeel LM, Sabri NA, Shawki MA. Nicotinamide supplementation in diabetic nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients: randomized controlled trial. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2022; 13:20406223221077958. [PMID: 35222903 PMCID: PMC8874180 DOI: 10.1177/20406223221077958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Nicotinamide has been reported to protect against liver steatosis and metabolic imbalances in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in animal models. Objectives: The objective was to investigate the efficacy and safety of nicotinamide supplementation in diabetic NAFLD patients. Design: This is a prospective randomized controlled open label study. Methods: Seventy diabetic NAFLD patients were randomly assigned either to the nicotinamide group (n = 35) who received nicotinamide 1000 mg once daily for 12 weeks in addition to their antidiabetic therapy or the control group (n = 35) who received their antidiabetic therapy only. The primary outcome was improvement in steatosis score, while secondary outcomes included assessment of liver stiffness, liver enzymes, lipid profile, insulin resistance, serum malondialdehyde, serum adiponectin, and patients’ quality of life (QOL). Results: Only 61 patients completed the study; 31 in the nicotinamide group and 30 in the control group. Comparisons between groups and within groups revealed nonsignificant changes in steatosis and fibrosis scores. However, significant reduction was observed in liver enzymes with a median decrease in alanine transaminase of 26.6% versus 0.74% in nicotinamide and control groups, respectively. After 12 weeks of treatment, the nicotinamide group showed significantly lower levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p value = 0.004), total cholesterol (p value = 0.006), and insulin resistance marker (p value = 0.005) compared with control. Serum triglycerides, malondialdehyde, and adiponectin levels were all comparable between the two groups. Regarding QOL, a significant improvement was detected in the total scores and the activity and fatigue domains scores. Conclusion: Nicotinamide at a dose of 1000 mg daily was tolerable, improved metabolic abnormalities and QOL of diabetic NAFLD patients with no effect on liver fibrosis or steatosis. Trial Registration: The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov and given the ID number: ‘NCT03850886’. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03850886.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha R. El-Kady
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amani K. Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lamia M. El Wakeel
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagwa A. Sabri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - May A. Shawki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
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Nasr M, Abd-Allah H, Ahmed-Farid OAH, Bakeer RM, Hassan NS, Ahmed RF. A comparative study between curcumin and curcumin nanoemulsion on high-fat, high-fructose diet-induced impaired spermatogenesis in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 74:268-281. [DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Curcumin is a promising nutraceutical with reported diverse therapeutic properties, but of limited oral bioavailability. The current manuscript investigates the role of encapsulation of curcumin in nanoemulsion form in counteracting the adverse effect of chronic ingestion of a high-fat high-fructose diet (HFHF) by juvenile male rats regarding testicular abnormalities and declined spermatogenesis.
Methods
Curcumin nanoemulsion was administered orally to Wistar rats at a dose of 5 or 10 mg/kg and compared with curcumin powder, followed by a pharmacological and histological assessment.
Key findings
Results demonstrated that curcumin nanoemulsion was superior to curcumin powder, particularly in enhancing the percentage progressive motility of spermatozoa, normalization of essential and non-essential amino acids in semen, normalization of serum leptin and testosterone levels, as well as normalization of oxidative and nitrosative parameters. It was also proven to reduce testicular DNA fragmentation, while elevating testicular cellular energy. In addition, curcumin nanoemulsion administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg induced the highest level of spermatogenesis, delineated by histological examination of the seminiferous tubules.
Conclusions
It can be concluded that curcumin nanoemulsion administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg successfully ameliorates the adverse effects of a HFHF on spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hend Abd-Allah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omar A H Ahmed-Farid
- Department of Physiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rofanda M Bakeer
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
| | - Nabila S Hassan
- Department of Pathology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rania F Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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10
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Li X, Chen XX, Xu Y, Xu XB, Wu WF, Zhao Q, Hu JN. Construction of Glycogen-Based Nanoparticles Loaded with Resveratrol for the Alleviation of High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Biomacromolecules 2021; 23:409-423. [PMID: 34964604 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to construct a glycogen (Gly)-based nanoparticle (NP) with liver-targeted and redox response to effectively deliver resveratrol (Res) for improving nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Herein, Gly was modified using α-lipoic acid (α-LA) and lactobionic acid (Lac) to obtain an amphiphilic polymer (Gly-LA-Lac), which was self-assembled in water and then encapsulated in Res to form Res NPs with excellent stability. As expected, the Res NPs exhibited liver-targeted and redox response release behavior. In vitro cell studies demonstrated that the nanocarrier treatment enhanced the cellular uptake of Res and reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory factor levels. Meanwhile, the in vivo tests proved that the nanocarriers effectively reduced hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress levels via regulating the TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway to improve liver damage in NAFLD mice. In conclusion, this study provides a promising strategy through the construction of Gly-based nanocarriers for the encapsulation of Res to effectively alleviate the process of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Xin Chen
- Jiangxi Health Vocational College, Nanchang 330052, China
| | - Yu Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China.,College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Bing Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Fei Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Jiang-Ning Hu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
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Shaheen S, Arafah MM, Alshanwani AR, Fadda LM, Alhusaini AM, Ali HM, Hasan IH, Hagar H, Alharbi FMB, AlHarthii A. Chitosan nanoparticles as a promising candidate for liver injury induced by 2-nitropropane: Implications of P53, iNOS, VEGF, PCNA, and CD68 pathways. Sci Prog 2021; 104:368504211011839. [PMID: 33940981 PMCID: PMC10455010 DOI: 10.1177/00368504211011839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The current article was designed to assess the role of chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) in the management of hepatic injury induced by the hepatocarcinogen 2-nitropropane (2-NP). Rats were divided into three groups. The first group served as a control, the second group was injected with 2-NP, while the third group was treated with CNPs 1 h before 2-NP injection every other day for 4 weeks. The 2-NP injection upregulated serum AST and ALT activities, as well as hepatic TNF- α, IL-6, and MDA levels and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and caspase-3, whereas GSH contents and SOD activity were decreased. Immunohistochemistry investigations revealed that the hepatic protein expression of collagen I, inducible nitric oxide synthetase, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, cluster of differentiation, and p53 were upregulated. hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome stains supported the previous parameters, and CNPs ameliorated most of the previous biochemical parameters. CNPs achieved promising results in the limitation of 2-NP hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameerah Shaheen
- Anatomy Department and Stem Cell Unit, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Maha M Arafah
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
| | | | - Laila Mohammed Fadda
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Ahlam M Alhusaini
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Hanaa M Ali
- Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
- Common First Year Deanship, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Iman H Hasan
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Hanan Hagar
- Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, KSA
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Fatima MB Alharbi
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Alaa AlHarthii
- Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, KSA
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12
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Abou Assi R, Abdulbaqi IM, Siok Yee C. The Evaluation of Drug Delivery Nanocarrier Development and Pharmacological Briefing for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD): An Update. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:215. [PMID: 33806527 PMCID: PMC8001129 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Current research indicates that the next silent epidemic will be linked to chronic liver diseases, specifically non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which was renamed as metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in 2020. Globally, MAFLD mortality is on the rise. The etiology of MAFLD is multifactorial and still incompletely understood, but includes the accumulation of intrahepatic lipids, alterations in energy metabolism, insulin resistance, and inflammatory processes. The available MAFLD treatment, therefore, relies on improving the patient's lifestyle and multidisciplinary pharmacotherapeutic options, whereas the option of surgery is useless without managing the comorbidities of the MAFLD. Nanotechnology is an emerging approach addressing MAFLD, where nanoformulations are suggested to improve the safety and physicochemical properties of conventional drugs/herbal medicines, physical, chemical, and physiological stability, and liver-targeting properties. A wide variety of liver nanosystems were constructed and delivered to the liver, only those that addressed the MAFLD were discussed in this review in terms of the nanocarrier classes, particle size, shape, zeta potential and offered dissolution rate(s), the suitable preparation method(s), excipients (with synergistic effects), and the suitable drug/compound for loading. The advantages and challenges of each nanocarrier and the focus on potential promising perspectives in the production of MAFLD nanomedicine were also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Abou Assi
- Thoughts Formulation Laboratory, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia;
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Kitab University, Altun-Kupri, Kirkuk 36001, Iraq;
| | - Ibrahim M. Abdulbaqi
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Kitab University, Altun-Kupri, Kirkuk 36001, Iraq;
- Pharmaceutical Design and Simulation (PhDS) Lab, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Chan Siok Yee
- Thoughts Formulation Laboratory, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia;
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13
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Abd-Allah H, Nasr M, Ahmed-Farid OAH, El-Marasy SA, Bakeer RM, Ahmed RF. Biological and Pharmacological Characterization of Ascorbic Acid and Nicotinamide Chitosan Nanoparticles against Insulin-Resistance-Induced Cognitive Defects: A Comparative Study. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:3587-3601. [PMID: 33585742 PMCID: PMC7876703 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
High consumption of industrialized food with high fat content is generally associated with insulin resistance, which in turn causes memory impairment and cognitive decline. Nicotinamide and ascorbic acid are among the promising neuroprotective molecules; however, an appreciable therapeutic activity necessitates the administration of a large dose of either. Therefore, the study aimed to assess if loading them in chitosan nanoparticles in doses 5-10 times lower than the unencapsulated forms would achieve comparable therapeutic results. Animals were fed a high-fat-high-fructose (HFHF) diet for 75 days. The vitamins in their conventional form (100 mg/kg) and the nanoparticles under investigation (10 and 20 mg/kg) were given orally concomitantly with the diet in the last 15 days. The intake of HFHF diet for 75 days led to an insulin-resistant state, with memory impairment, which was verified behaviorally through the object recognition test. This was accompanied by significant reduction in brain insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), increased acetylcholine esterase activity, increase in the serotonin and dopamine turnover ratio, and increase in oxidative stress and 8-OHdG, indicating cellular DNA fragmentation. Cellular energy was also decreased, and immunohistochemical examination verified the high immunoreactivity in both the cortex and hippocampus of the brain. The administration of nanoparticulated nicotinamide or ascorbic acid with a 10 times lesser dose than the unencapsulated forms managed to reverse all aforementioned harmful effects, with an even lesser immunoreactivity score than the unencapsulated form. Therefore, it can be concluded that nicotinamide or ascorbic acid chitosan nanoparticles can be recommended as daily supplements for neuroprotection in patients suffering from insulin resistance after conduction of clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend Abd-Allah
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Organization Unity Street, 11561 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Organization Unity Street, 11561 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omar A. H. Ahmed-Farid
- Department
of Physiology, National Organization for
Drug Control and Research, 35521 Giza, Egypt
| | - Salma A. El-Marasy
- Department
of Pharmacology, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - Rofanda M. Bakeer
- Department
of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan
University, 11795 Helwan, Egypt
- October
University of Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA) University, 12451 6th October
City, Egypt
| | - Rania F. Ahmed
- Department
of Pharmacology, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
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