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Cooke Z, Lynam K, Tuck C, Trakman GL. Naturally Occurring Food Chemical Components and Extraintestinal and Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Adults: A Systematic Review. Clin Exp Allergy 2024. [PMID: 39236849 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to synthesise existing literature to examine the relationship between natural food chemical components and reported symptoms. DESIGN A systematic literature review was completed. Databases CINAHL (Ebscohost), Medline (Ovid), Scopus, Informit Health and Google Scholar were searched to identify relevant articles. The population included human studies of adults (≥17 years) and excluded those with IgE-mediate food allergies. Studies examining food chemical components or 'food chemical elimination diets' and symptoms were included. Data was synthesised based on clinical conditions and specific food chemical components examined. The risk of bias was assessed using the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 'Quality Criteria Checklist: Primary Research'. RESULTS Of the 1659 articles retrieved, 21 met inclusion criteria. This included eight randomised controlled trials, four non-randomised controlled trials, four cohort studies with placebo-controlled challenge, one prospective cohort study, three cross sectional cohort studies, one case-controlled study. Available studies support the role of a low-histamine diet for symptoms in chronic urticaria and low-salicylate diet for reducing sino-nasal symptoms in aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease and chronic rhinosinusitis and/or asthma. While further evidence is needed to verify the role of glutamate in respiratory, pain, asthma and gastrointestinal symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Food chemical elimination diets may improve condition-specific symptoms across the adult cohorts outlined within this review, with the strongest evidence to support the role of a low-histamine diet for management of symptoms in chronic urticaria and a low-salicylate diet in aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease and/or asthma. Further well-designed trials are needed to elucidate the effect of specific natural food chemical components on symptoms. TRIAL REGISTRATION Systematic review number: CRD42022322511.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Cooke
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kathryn Lynam
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Caroline Tuck
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Nursing and Allied Health, Swinburne University, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gina Louise Trakman
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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Mughal ZUN, Malik A, Rangwala BS, Rangwala HS, Fatima H, Ali M, Farah AA. Glutamate-reduced diet and ketogenic diet for pediatric drug-resistant epilepsy: a novel approach to treatment. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:2399-2401. [PMID: 38694279 PMCID: PMC11060265 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zaib Un Nisa Mughal
- Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Hareer Fatima
- Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Mirha Ali
- Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Asma A. Farah
- Department of Medicine, East Africa University, Bosaso, Somalia
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Xu Z, Foster JB, Lashley R, Wang X, Benson E, Kidd G, Lin CLG. Impact of a pyridazine derivative on tripartite synapse ultrastructure in hippocampus: a three-dimensional analysis. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1229731. [PMID: 37671169 PMCID: PMC10476950 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1229731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction We previously discovered a pyridazine derivative compound series that can improve cognitive functions in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. One of the advanced compounds from this series, LDN/OSU-0215111-M3, was selected as the preclinical development candidate. This compound activates local protein translation at the perisynaptic astrocytic process (PAP) and enhances synaptic plasticity sequentially. While biochemical evidence supports the hypothesis that the compound enhances the structural plasticity of the tripartite synapse, its direct structural impact has not been investigated. Methods Volume electron microscopy was used to study the hippocampal tripartite synapse three-dimensional structure in 3-month-old wild-type FVB/NJ mice after LDN/OSU-0215111-M3 treatment. Results LDN/OSU-0215111-M3 increased the size of tertiary apical dendrites, the volume of mushroom spines, the proportion of mushroom spines containing spine apparatus, and alterations in the spine distribution across the surface area of tertiary dendrites. Compound also increased the number of the PAP interacting with the mushroom spines as well as the size of the PAP in contact with the spines. Furthermore, proteomic analysis of the isolated synaptic terminals indicated an increase in dendritic and synaptic proteins as well as suggested a possible involvement of the phospholipase D signaling pathway. To further validate that LDN/OSU-0215111-M3 altered synaptic function, electrophysiological studies showed increased long-term potentiation following compound treatment. Discussion This study provides direct evidence that pyridazine derivatives enhance the structural and functional plasticity of the tripartite synapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Xu
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Joshua B. Foster
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Rashelle Lashley
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Xueqin Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Emily Benson
- Department of Neuroscience, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Grahame Kidd
- Department of Neuroscience, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Chien-liang Glenn Lin
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Sarlo GL, Kao A, Holton KF. Investigation of the low glutamate diet as an adjunct treatment for pediatric epilepsy: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Seizure 2023; 106:138-147. [PMID: 36867910 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2023.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current dietary therapies for epilepsy have side effects and are low in nutrients, which would make an alternative dietary treatment, which addresses these issues, advantageous. One potential option is the low glutamate diet (LGD). Glutamate is implicated in seizure activity. Blood brain barrier permeability in epilepsy could enable dietary glutamate to reach the brain and contribute to ictogenesis. OBJECTIVE to assess the LGD as an adjunct treatment for pediatric epilepsy. METHODS This study was a nonblinded, parallel, randomized clinical trial. The study was conducted virtually due to COVID-19 and registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04545346). Participants were eligible if they were between the ages of 2 and 21 with ≥4 seizures per month. Baseline seizures were assessed for 1-month, then participants were allocated via block randomization to the intervention month (N=18), or a wait-listed control month followed by the intervention month (N=15). Outcome measures included seizure frequency, caregiver global impression of change (CGIC), non-seizure improvements, nutrient intake, and adverse events. RESULTS Nutrient intake significantly increased during the intervention. No significant differences in seizure frequency were observed between intervention and control groups. However, efficacy was assessed at 1-month compared to the standard 3-months in diet research. Additionally, 21% of participants were observed to be clinical responders to the diet. Overall health (CGIC) significantly improved in 31%, 63% experienced ≥1 non-seizure improvements, and 53% experienced adverse events. Clinical response likelihood decreased with increasing age (0.71 [0.50-0.99], p=0.04), as did the likelihood of overall health improvement (0.71 [0.54-0.92], p=0.01). DISCUSSION This study provides preliminary support for the LGD as an adjunct treatment before epilepsy becomes drug resistant, which is in contrast to the role of current dietary therapies in drug resistant epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle L Sarlo
- Department of Neuroscience, Behavior, Cognition and Neuroscience Program, American University, Washington DC, United States; Children's National Research Institute, Center for Neuroscience, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Amy Kao
- Division of Neurophysiology, Epilepsy, and Critical Care, Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States; Division of Neurology 2, Office of Neuroscience, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Kathleen F Holton
- Department of Health Studies, American University, Washington DC, United States; Department of Neuroscience, American University, Washington DC, United States; Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, American University, Washington DC, United States.
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Langan MT, Kirkland AE, Rice LC, Mucciarone VC, Baraniuk J, VanMeter A, Holton KF. Low glutamate diet improves working memory and contributes to altering BOLD response and functional connectivity within working memory networks in Gulf War Illness. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18004. [PMID: 36289291 PMCID: PMC9606252 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21837-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gulf War Illness is a chronic multi-symptom disorder with severe cognitive impairments which may be related to glutamate excitotoxicity and central nervous system dysfunction. The low glutamate diet has been proposed as a comprehensive intervention for Gulf War Illness. We examined the effects of the low glutamate diet on verbal working memory using a fMRI N-back task. Accuracy, whole-brain blood oxygen level dependency (BOLD) response, and task-based functional connectivity were assessed at baseline and after 1 month on the diet (N = 24). Multi-voxel pattern analysis identified regions of whole-brain BOLD pattern differences after the diet to be used as seeds for subsequent seed-to-voxel functional connectivity analyses. Verbal working memory accuracy improved after the diet (+ 13%; p = 0.006). Whole-brain BOLD signal changes were observed, revealing lower activation within regions of the frontoparietal network and default mode network after the low glutamate diet. Multi-voxel pattern analysis resulted in 3 clusters comprising parts of the frontoparietal network (clusters 1 and 2) and ventral attention network (cluster 3). The seed-to-voxel analyses identified significant functional connectivity changes post-diet for clusters 1 and 2 (peak p < 0.001, cluster FDR p < 0.05). Relative to baseline, clusters 1 and 2 had decreased functional connectivity with regions in the ventral attention and somatomotor networks. Cluster 2 also had increased functional connectivity with regions of the default mode and frontoparietal networks. These findings suggest that among veterans with Gulf War Illness, the low glutamate diet improves verbal working memory accuracy, alters BOLD response, and alters functional connectivity within two networks central to working memory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna E Kirkland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Laura C Rice
- Department of Neuroscience, American University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Veronica C Mucciarone
- Department of Neurology, Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - James Baraniuk
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ashley VanMeter
- Department of Neurology, Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kathleen F Holton
- Department of Neuroscience, American University, Washington, DC, USA.
- Department of Health Studies, American University, Washington, DC, USA.
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, American University, Washington, DC, USA.
- Nutritional Neuroscience Lab, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Ave NW, Washington, DC, 20016, USA.
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Sha L, Li G, Zhang X, Lin Y, Qiu Y, Deng Y, Zhu W, Xu Q. Pharmacological induction of AMFR increases functional EAAT2 oligomer levels and reduces epileptic seizures in mice. JCI Insight 2022; 7:160247. [PMID: 35938532 PMCID: PMC9462477 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.160247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2) contributes to the development of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Several strategies for increasing total EAAT2 levels have been proposed. However, the mechanism underlying the oligomeric assembly of EAAT2, impairment of which inhibits the formation of functional oligomers by EAAT2 monomers, is still poorly understood. In the present study, we identified E3 ubiquitin ligase AMFR as an EAAT2-interacting protein. AMFR specifically increased the level of EAAT2 oligomers rather than inducing protein degradation through K542-specific ubiquitination. By using tissues from humans with TLE and epilepsy model mice, we observed that AMFR and EAAT2 oligomer levels were simultaneously decreased in the hippocampus. Screening of 2386 FDA-approved drugs revealed that the most common analgesic/antipyretic medicine, acetaminophen (APAP), can induce AMFR transcriptional activation via transcription factor SP1. Administration of APAP protected against pentylenetetrazol-induced epileptogenesis. In mice with chronic epilepsy, APAP treatment partially reduced the occurrence of spontaneous seizures and greatly enhanced the antiepileptic effects of 17AAG, an Hsp90 inhibitor that upregulates total EAAT2 levels, when the 2 compounds were administered together. In summary, our studies reveal an essential role for AMFR in regulating the oligomeric state of EAAT2 and suggest that APAP can improve the efficacy of EAAT2-targeted antiepileptic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longze Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guanjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuneng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yarong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yunjie Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wanwan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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