1
|
Sun Y, Yin Y, Yang S, Ai D, Qin H, Xia X, Xu X, Song J. Lipotoxicity: The missing link between diabetes and periodontitis? J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:431-445. [PMID: 38419425 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Lipotoxicity refers to the accumulation of lipids in tissues other than adipose tissue (body fat). It is one of the major pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for the progression of diabetes complications such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and diabetic nephropathy. Accumulating evidence indicates that lipotoxicity also contributes significantly to the toxic effects of diabetes on periodontitis. Therefore, we reviewed the current in vivo, in vitro, and clinical evidence of the detrimental effects of lipotoxicity on periodontitis, focusing on its molecular mechanisms, especially oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, ceramides, adipokines, and programmed cell death pathways. By elucidating potential therapeutic strategies targeting lipotoxicity and describing their associated mechanisms and clinical outcomes, including metformin, statins, liraglutide, adiponectin, and omega-3 PUFA, this review seeks to provide a more comprehensive and effective treatment framework against diabetes-associated periodontitis. Furthermore, the challenges and future research directions are proposed, aiming to contribute to a more profound understanding of the impact of lipotoxicity on periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yin
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Sihan Yang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongqing Ai
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Qin
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuyun Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinlin Song
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Reyes-Farias M, Fernández-García P, Corrales P, González L, Soria-Gondek A, Martínez E, Pellitero S, Tarascó J, Moreno P, Sumoy L, Medina-Gómez G, Sánchez-Infantes D, Herrero L. Interleukin-16 is increased in obesity and alters adipogenesis and inflammation in vitro. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1346317. [PMID: 38544694 PMCID: PMC10965774 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1346317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obesity is a chronic condition associated with low-grade inflammation mainly due to immune cell infiltration of white adipose tissue (WAT). WAT is distributed into two main depots: subcutaneous WAT (sWAT) and visceral WAT (vWAT), each with different biochemical features and metabolic roles. Proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-16 are secreted by both adipocytes and infiltrated immune cells to upregulate inflammation. IL-16 has been widely studied in the peripheral proinflammatory immune response; however, little is known about its role in adipocytes in the context of obesity. Aim & Methods We aimed to study the levels of IL-16 in WAT derived from sWAT and vWAT depots of humans with obesity and the role of this cytokine in palmitate-exposed 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Results The results demonstrated that IL-16 expression was higher in vWAT compared with sWAT in individuals with obesity. In addition, IL-16 serum levels were higher in patients with obesity compared with normal-weight individuals, increased at 6 months after bariatric surgery, and at 12 months after surgery decreased to levels similar to before the intervention. Our in vitro models showed that IL-16 could modulate markers of adipogenesis (Pref1), lipid metabolism (Plin1, Cd36, and Glut4), fibrosis (Hif1a, Col4a, Col6a, and Vegf), and inflammatory signaling (IL6) during adipogenesis and in mature adipocytes. In addition, lipid accumulation and glycerol release assays suggested lipolysis alteration. Discussion Our results suggest a potential role of IL-16 in adipogenesis, lipid and glucose homeostasis, fibrosis, and inflammation in an obesity context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Reyes-Farias
- Endocrinology department, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Patricia Corrales
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena González
- Endocrinology department, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Andrea Soria-Gondek
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Ester Martínez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Pellitero
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institute Research and Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Tarascó
- General Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Pau Moreno
- General Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Lauro Sumoy
- Endocrinology department, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Gema Medina-Gómez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Sánchez-Infantes
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Herrero
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu M, Li C, Qu J, Sun S, Zhao Z, Wang W, Lv W, Zhang Y, Cai Y, Zhao F, Wu F, Zhang S, Zhao X. Baicalein enhances immune response in TNBC by inhibiting leptin expression of adipocytes. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:3834-3847. [PMID: 37489486 PMCID: PMC10551602 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a special pathological type of breast cancer (BC) with poor prognosis. Obesity is shown to be involved in TNBC tumor progression. The interaction between obesity and BC has generated great attention in recent years, however, the mechanism is still unclear. Here, we showed that leptin secreted by adipocytes upregulated PD-L1 expression in TNBC through the p-STAT3 signaling pathway and that baicalein inhibited PD-L1 expression in tumor microenvironment by suppressing leptin transcription of adipocytes. Collectively, our findings suggest that leptin may be the key factor participating in obesity-related tumor progression and that baicalein can break through the dilemma to boost the anti-tumor immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Liu
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Chaofan Li
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jingkun Qu
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Shiyu Sun
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zitong Zhao
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Wei Lv
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yifan Cai
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Fang Zhao
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Xixi Zhao
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kang JH, Kim HS, Park SH, Kim YS, Bae Y. WKYMVm ameliorates obesity by improving lipid metabolism and leptin signalling. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:2782-2791. [PMID: 37603580 PMCID: PMC10494292 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a metabolic disorder that results from an imbalance of energy intake and consumption. As low-grade chronic inflammation caused by obesity can lead to various complications, it is important to develop effective treatments against obesity. In this study, we investigate the effects of WKYMVm, a strong anti-inflammatory agent, against obesity. Administration of WKYMVm into high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice significantly attenuated body weight gain, food intake and increased insulin sensitivity. HFD-induced hepatic steatosis and adipose tissue hypertrophy were also markedly ameliorated by WKYMVm. During the maturation of adipocytes, WKYMVm improves lipid metabolism by increasing lipolysis, adipogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis and fat browning. WKYMVm administration also elicited a decrease in leptin levels, but an increase in leptin sensitivity via regulation of hypothalamic endoplasmic reticulum stress and the leptin receptor cascade. Taken together, our results show that WKYMVm ameliorates obesity by improving lipid metabolism and leptin signalling, suggesting that WKYMVm can be a useful molecule for the development of anti-obesity agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyeon Kang
- Department of Biological SciencesSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- Department of Biological SciencesSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea
- Present address:
Department of Target DiscoveryLG Life ScienceSeoulKorea
| | - Seon Hyang Park
- Department of Biological SciencesSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea
| | - Ye Seon Kim
- Department of Biological SciencesSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea
- Convergence Research Center for Energy and Environmental SciencesSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea
| | - Yoe‐Sik Bae
- Department of Biological SciencesSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Monmai C, Kim JS, Sim HB, Yun DW, Oh SD, Rha ES, Kim JJ, Baek SH. Protopanaxadiol-Enriched Rice Exerted Antiadipogenic Activity during 3T3-L1 Differentiation and Anti-Inflammatory Activity in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2123. [PMID: 37631337 PMCID: PMC10458103 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginseng is a traditional medicine with health benefits for humans. Protopanaxadiol (PPD) is an important bioactive compound found in ginseng. Transgenic rice containing PPD has been generated previously. In the present study, extracts of this transgenic rice were evaluated to assess their antiadipogenic and anti-inflammatory activities. During adipogenesis, cells were treated with transgenic rice seed extracts. The results revealed that the concentrations of the rice seed extracts tested in this study did not affect cell viability at 3 days post-treatment. However, the rice seed extracts significantly reduced the accumulation of lipids in cells and suppressed the activation of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), which in turn inhibited the expression of adipogenesis-related mRNAs, such as adiponectin, PPARγ, C/EBPα, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, glucose transport member 4, and fatty acid synthase. In adipocytes, the extracts significantly reduced the mRNA expression of inflammation-related factors following LPS treatment. The activation of NF-κB p65 and ERK 1/2 was inhibited in extract-treated adipocytes. Moreover, treatment with extract #8 markedly reduced the cell population of the G2/M phase. Collectively, these results indicate that transgenic rice containing PPD may act as an obesity-reducing and/or -preventing agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaiwat Monmai
- Department of Agricultural Life Science, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 59722, Republic of Korea; (C.M.); (J.-S.K.); (E.-S.R.)
| | - Jin-Suk Kim
- Department of Agricultural Life Science, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 59722, Republic of Korea; (C.M.); (J.-S.K.); (E.-S.R.)
| | - Hyun Bo Sim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 57922, Republic of Korea;
| | - Doh-Won Yun
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea; (D.-W.Y.); (S.-D.O.)
| | - Sung-Dug Oh
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea; (D.-W.Y.); (S.-D.O.)
| | - Eui-Shik Rha
- Department of Agricultural Life Science, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 59722, Republic of Korea; (C.M.); (J.-S.K.); (E.-S.R.)
| | - Jong-Jin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 57922, Republic of Korea;
| | - So-Hyeon Baek
- Department of Agricultural Life Science, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 59722, Republic of Korea; (C.M.); (J.-S.K.); (E.-S.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Monmai C, Kim JS, Baek SH. Germinated Rice Seeds Improved Resveratrol Production to Suppress Adipogenic and Inflammatory Molecules in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Molecules 2023; 28:5750. [PMID: 37570719 PMCID: PMC10420918 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for a variety of diseases and contributes to chronic inflammation. Resveratrol is a naturally occurring antioxidant that can reduce adipogenesis. In this study, the antiadipogenic and anti-inflammatory activities of resveratrol-enriched rice were investigated in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells. Cotreatment of dexamethasone and isobutylmethylxanthin upregulated adipogenic transcription factors and signaling pathways. Subsequent treatment of adipocytes with rice seed extracts suppressed the differentiation of 3T3-L1 by downregulating adipogenic transcription factors (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α) and signaling pathways (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and protein kinase B Akt), this was especially observed in cells treated with germinated resveratrol-enriched rice seed extract (DJ526_5). DJ526_5 treatment also markedly reduced lipid accumulation in the cells and expression of adipogenic genes. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory cytokines (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6) decreased in cells treated with DJ526_5. Collectively, DJ526_5 exerts antiadipogenic effects by suppressing the expression of adipogenesis transcription factors. Moreover, DJ526_5 ameliorates anti-inflammatory effects in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by inhibiting the activation of phosphorylation NF-κB p65 and ERK ½ (MAPK). These results highlight the potential of resveratrol-enriched rice as an alternative obesity-reducing and anti-inflammatory agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - So-Hyeon Baek
- Department of Agricultural Life Science, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 59722, Republic of Korea; (C.M.); (J.-S.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pánico P, Velasco M, Salazar AM, Picones A, Ortiz-Huidobro RI, Guerrero-Palomo G, Salgado-Bernabé ME, Ostrosky-Wegman P, Hiriart M. Is Arsenic Exposure a Risk Factor for Metabolic Syndrome? A Review of the Potential Mechanisms. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:878280. [PMID: 35651975 PMCID: PMC9150370 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.878280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to arsenic in drinking water is a worldwide health problem. This pollutant is associated with increased risk of developing chronic diseases, including metabolic diseases. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a complex pathology that results from the interaction between environmental and genetic factors. This condition increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. The MS includes at least three of the following signs, central obesity, impaired fasting glucose, insulin resistance, dyslipidemias, and hypertension. Here, we summarize the existing evidence of the multiple mechanisms triggered by arsenic to developing the cardinal signs of MS, showing that this pollutant could contribute to the multifactorial origin of this pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Pánico
- Department of Cognitive Neurosciences, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Myrian Velasco
- Department of Cognitive Neurosciences, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana María Salazar
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Environmental Toxicology. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Arturo Picones
- Department of Cognitive Neurosciences, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosa Isela Ortiz-Huidobro
- Department of Cognitive Neurosciences, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Guerrero-Palomo
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Environmental Toxicology. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Manuel Eduardo Salgado-Bernabé
- Department of Cognitive Neurosciences, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Patricia Ostrosky-Wegman
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Environmental Toxicology. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcia Hiriart
- Department of Cognitive Neurosciences, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Marcia Hiriart,
| |
Collapse
|