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D'Arrigo D, Salerno M, De Marziani L, Boffa A, Filardo G. A call for standardization for secretome and extracellular vesicles in osteoarthritis: results show disease-modifying potential, but protocols are too heterogeneous-a systematic review. Hum Cell 2024:10.1007/s13577-024-01084-9. [PMID: 38909330 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01084-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The currently available osteoarthritis (OA) treatments offer symptoms' relief without disease-modifying effects. Increasing evidence supports the role of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to drive beneficial effects provided by their secretome and extracellular vesicles (EVs), which includes trophic and biologically active factors. Aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro literature to understand the potential of human secretome and EVs for OA treatment and identify trends, gaps, and potential translational challenges. A systematic review was performed on PubMed, Embase, and Web-of-Science, identifying 58 studies. The effects of secretome and EVs were analysed on osteoarthritic cells regarding anabolic, anti-apoptotic/anti-inflammatory and catabolic/pro-inflammatory/degenerative activity, chondroinduction, and immunomodulation. The results showed that MSC-derived EVs elicit an increase in proliferation and migration, reduction of cell death and inflammation, downregulation of catabolic pathways, regulation of immunomodulation, and promotion of anabolic processes in arthritic cells. However, a high heterogeneity in several technical or more applicative aspects emerged. In conclusion, the use of human secretome and EVs as strategy to address OA processes has overall positive effects and disease-modifying potential. However, it is crucial to reduce protocol variability and strive toward a higher standardization, which will be essential for the translation of this promising OA treatment from the in vitro research setting to the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele D'Arrigo
- Regenerative Medicine Technologies Laboratory, EOC, Via Francesco Chiesa 5, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, Université Paris Cité, 45 Rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France
- Abbelight, Cachan, 191 Av. Aristide Briand, 94230, Cachan, France
| | - Manuela Salerno
- Applied and Translational Research center, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Luca De Marziani
- Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica 2, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Angelo Boffa
- Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica 2, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Filardo
- Applied and Translational Research center, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
- Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Via Tesserete 46, 6900, Lugano, Switzerland
- Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Via Buffi 13, 6900, Lugano, Switzerland
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Shin DI, Jin YJ, Noh S, Yun HW, Park DY, Min BH. Exosomes Secreted During Myogenic Differentiation of Human Fetal Cartilage-Derived Progenitor Cells Promote Skeletal Muscle Regeneration through miR-145-5p. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024; 21:487-497. [PMID: 38294592 PMCID: PMC10987463 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00618-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, there is no apparent treatment for sarcopenia, which is characterized by diminished myoblast function. We aimed to manufacture exosomes that retain the myogenic differentiation capacity of human fetal cartilage-derived progenitor cells (hFCPCs) and investigate their muscle regenerative efficacy in myoblasts and a sarcopenia rat model. METHODS The muscle regeneration potential of exosomes (F-Exo) secreted during myogenic differentiation of hFCPCs was compared to human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived (hBMSCs) exosomes (B-Exo) in myoblasts and sarcopenia rat model. The effect of F-Exo was analyzed through known microRNAs (miRNAs) analysis. The mechanism of action of F-Exo was confirmed by measuring the expression of proteins involved in the Wnt signaling pathway. RESULTS F-Exo and B-Exo showed similar exosome characteristics. However, F-Exo induced the expression of muscle markers (MyoD, MyoG, and MyHC) and myotube formation in myoblasts more effectively than B-Exo. Moreover, F-Exo induced greater increases in muscle fiber cross-sectional area and muscle mass compared to B-Exo in a sarcopenia rat. The miR-145-5p, relevant to muscle regeneration, was found in high concentrations in the F-Exo, and RNase pretreatment reduced the efficacy of exosomes. The effects of F-Exo on the expression of myogenic markers in myoblasts were paralleled by the miR-145-5p mimics, while the inhibitor partially negated this effect. F-Exo was involved in the Wnt signaling pathway by enhancing the expression of Wnt5a and β-catenin. CONCLUSION F-Exo improved muscle regeneration by activating the Wnt signaling pathway via abundant miR-145-5p, mimicking the remarkable myogenic differentiation potential of hFCPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Il Shin
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University Graduate School, 206 Worldcup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
- Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206 Worldcup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jun Jin
- Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206 Worldcup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206 Worldcup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Noh
- Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206 Worldcup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School, 206 Worldcup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Woong Yun
- Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206 Worldcup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206 Worldcup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Young Park
- Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206 Worldcup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School, 206 Worldcup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206 Worldcup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Hyun Min
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University Graduate School, 206 Worldcup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
- Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206 Worldcup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206 Worldcup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
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Philippe V, Jeannerat A, Peneveyre C, Jaccoud S, Scaletta C, Hirt-Burri N, Abdel-Sayed P, Raffoul W, Darwiche S, Applegate LA, Martin R, Laurent A. Autologous and Allogeneic Cytotherapies for Large Knee (Osteo)Chondral Defects: Manufacturing Process Benchmarking and Parallel Functional Qualification. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2333. [PMID: 37765301 PMCID: PMC10536774 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytotherapies are often necessary for the management of symptomatic large knee (osteo)-chondral defects. While autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) has been clinically used for 30 years, allogeneic cells (clinical-grade FE002 primary chondroprogenitors) have been investigated in translational settings (Swiss progenitor cell transplantation program). The aim of this study was to comparatively assess autologous and allogeneic approaches (quality, safety, functional attributes) to cell-based knee chondrotherapies developed for clinical use. Protocol benchmarking from a manufacturing process and control viewpoint enabled us to highlight the respective advantages and risks. Safety data (telomerase and soft agarose colony formation assays, high passage cell senescence) and risk analyses were reported for the allogeneic FE002 cellular active substance in preparation for an autologous to allogeneic clinical protocol transposition. Validation results on autologous bioengineered grafts (autologous chondrocyte-bearing Chondro-Gide scaffolds) confirmed significant chondrogenic induction (COL2 and ACAN upregulation, extracellular matrix synthesis) after 2 weeks of co-culture. Allogeneic grafts (bearing FE002 primary chondroprogenitors) displayed comparable endpoint quality and functionality attributes. Parameters of translational relevance (transport medium, finished product suturability) were validated for the allogeneic protocol. Notably, the process-based benchmarking of both approaches highlighted the key advantages of allogeneic FE002 cell-bearing grafts (reduced cellular variability, enhanced process standardization, rationalized logistical and clinical pathways). Overall, this study built on our robust knowledge and local experience with ACI (long-term safety and efficacy), setting an appropriate standard for further clinical investigations into allogeneic progenitor cell-based orthopedic protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Philippe
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (S.J.); (C.S.); (N.H.-B.); (P.A.-S.); (W.R.); (L.A.A.)
| | - Annick Jeannerat
- Preclinical Research Department, LAM Biotechnologies SA, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (A.J.); (C.P.)
| | - Cédric Peneveyre
- Preclinical Research Department, LAM Biotechnologies SA, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (A.J.); (C.P.)
| | - Sandra Jaccoud
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (S.J.); (C.S.); (N.H.-B.); (P.A.-S.); (W.R.); (L.A.A.)
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Orthopedics, Federal Polytechnic School of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Corinne Scaletta
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (S.J.); (C.S.); (N.H.-B.); (P.A.-S.); (W.R.); (L.A.A.)
| | - Nathalie Hirt-Burri
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (S.J.); (C.S.); (N.H.-B.); (P.A.-S.); (W.R.); (L.A.A.)
| | - Philippe Abdel-Sayed
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (S.J.); (C.S.); (N.H.-B.); (P.A.-S.); (W.R.); (L.A.A.)
- STI School of Engineering, Federal Polytechnic School of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wassim Raffoul
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (S.J.); (C.S.); (N.H.-B.); (P.A.-S.); (W.R.); (L.A.A.)
| | - Salim Darwiche
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
- Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lee Ann Applegate
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (S.J.); (C.S.); (N.H.-B.); (P.A.-S.); (W.R.); (L.A.A.)
- Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Oxford OSCAR Suzhou Center, Oxford University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Robin Martin
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Alexis Laurent
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (S.J.); (C.S.); (N.H.-B.); (P.A.-S.); (W.R.); (L.A.A.)
- Preclinical Research Department, LAM Biotechnologies SA, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (A.J.); (C.P.)
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Xu X, Xu L, Xia J, Wen C, Liang Y, Zhang Y. Harnessing knee joint resident mesenchymal stem cells in cartilage tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2023; 168:372-387. [PMID: 37481194 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a widespread clinical disease characterized by cartilage degeneration in middle-aged and elderly people. Currently, there is no effective treatment for OA apart from total joint replacement in advanced stages. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a type of adult stem cell with diverse differentiation capabilities and immunomodulatory potentials. MSCs are known to effectively regulate the cartilage microenvironment, promote cartilage regeneration, and alleviate OA symptoms. As a result, they are promising sources of cells for OA therapy. Recent studies have revealed the presence of resident MSCs in synovial fluid, synovial membrane, and articular cartilage, which can be collected as knee joint-derived MSCs (KJD-MSC). Several preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that KJD-MSCs have great potential for OA treatment, whether applied alone, in combination with biomaterials, or as exocrine MSCs. In this article, we will review the characteristics of MSCs in the joints, including their cytological characteristics, such as proliferation, cartilage differentiation, and immunomodulatory abilities, as well as the biological function of MSC exosomes. We will also discuss the use of tissue engineering in OA treatment and introduce the concept of a new generation of stem cell-based tissue engineering therapy, including the use of engineering, gene therapy, and gene editing techniques to create KJD-MSCs or KJD-MSC derivative exosomes with improved functionality and targeted delivery. These advances aim to maximize the efficiency of cartilage tissue engineering and provide new strategies to overcome the bottleneck of OA therapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This research will provide new insights into the medicinal benefit of Joint resident Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), specifically on its cartilage tissue engineering ability. Through this review, the community will further realize promoting joint resident mesenchymal stem cells, especially cartilage progenitor/MSC-like progenitor cells (CPSC), as a preventive measure against osteoarthritis and cartilage injury. People and medical institutions may also consider cartilage derived MSC as an alternative approach against cartilage degeneration. Moreover, the discussion presented in this study will convey valuable information for future research that will explore the medicinal benefits of cartilage derived MSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, China; Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Limei Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, China
| | - Jiang Xia
- Department of Chemistry, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Caining Wen
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, China
| | - Yujie Liang
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, China; Department of Chemistry, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yuanmin Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, China.
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