1
|
Han L, Yu Y, Fu R, Fu B, Gao H, Li Z, Liu D, Leng J. Impact of Various Ration Energy Levels on the Slaughtering Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Meat Qualities of Honghe Yellow Cattle. Foods 2024; 13:1316. [PMID: 38731687 PMCID: PMC11083055 DOI: 10.3390/foods13091316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Consumers are increasing their daily demand for beef and are becoming more discerning about its nutritional quality and flavor. The present objective was to evaluate how the ration energy content (combined net energy, Nemf) impacts the slaughter performance, carcass characteristics, and meat qualities of Honghe yellow cattle raised in confinement. Fifteen male Honghe yellow cattle were divided into three groups based on a one-way design: a low-energy group (LEG, 3.72 MJ/kg), a medium-energy group (MEG, 4.52 MJ/kg), and a high-energy group (HEG, 5.32 MJ/kg). After a period of 70 days on these treatments, the animals were slaughtered and their slaughter performance was determined, and the longissimus dorsi muscle (LD) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles were gathered to evaluate meat quality and composition. Increasing the dietary energy concentration led to marked improvements (p < 0.05) in the live weight before slaughter (LWBS), weight of carcass, backfat thickness, and loin muscle area. HEG also improved the yield of high-grade commercial cuts (13.47% vs. 10.39%) (p < 0.05). However, meat quality traits were not affected by treatment except for shear force, which was affected by dietary energy. A significant improvement (p < 0.05) in the intramuscular fat (IMF) content was observed in the HEG. Little effect on the amino acid profile was observed (p > 0.05), except for a tendency (p = 0.06) to increase the histidine concentration in the BF muscle. Increasing dietary energy also reduced C22:6n-3 and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and enhanced C18:1 cis-9 and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs, p < 0.05). Those results revealed that increasing energy levels of diets could enhance slaughter traits and affect the meat quality and fatty acid composition of different muscle tissues of Honghe yellow cattle. These results contribute to the theoretical foundation to formulate nutritional standards and design feed formulas for the Honghe yellow cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (L.H.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (B.F.); (H.G.)
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
| | - Ye Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (L.H.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (B.F.); (H.G.)
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
| | - Runqi Fu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (L.H.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (B.F.); (H.G.)
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
| | - Binlong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (L.H.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (B.F.); (H.G.)
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
| | - Huan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (L.H.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (B.F.); (H.G.)
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
| | - Zhe Li
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
| | - Daihua Liu
- Animal Husbandry Office of Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center in Jin’an Town, Gucheng District, Lijiang 674104, China;
| | - Jing Leng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (L.H.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (B.F.); (H.G.)
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dutta TK, Tripathi P, Chatterjee A, Mohammad A, Das AK. Effect of feeding Bengal gram residual forage-based pelleted total mixed ration on growth performance, nutrient availability, carcass traits and composition in finisher Barbari kids. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:124. [PMID: 38613629 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03964-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the impact of feeding Bengal gram residual forage-based pelleted Total Mixed Ration (TMR) with varying concentrate (C) to roughage (R) ratios on feed intake, nutrient utilization, growth, and carcass characteristics in Barbari kids. Sixteen weaned male Barbari kids (av. age, 233 ± 11 days; weight, 13.86 ± 0.76 kg) were divided into two groups (T1 and T2), each receiving different pelleted diets (TMR) with distinct concentrate to roughage ratios (T1 with 60:40; T2 with 40:60). The kids were fed for 133 days, and a digestion trial was conducted at the end of the study. After completion, all kids were slaughtered. Although, kids under T1 consumed higher (P < 0.001) amount of dry matter, and crude protein compared to T2, which was due to a higher concentrate to roughage ratio in T1. But, the average daily body weight gain (ADG) of finisher kids was 88.53, and 79.83 g/d/kid in T1 and T2, respectively; however, the difference was non-significant. Digestibility of organic matter, crude protein, and total carbohydrate was also greater in T1 compared to T2. Total digestible nutrients intake was higher (P < 0.001) in T1; similarly intake of digestible energy, and metabolizable energy were significantly increased (P < 0.01) in T1 compared to T2. Concentrations of volatile fatty acids and NH3-nitrogen were also enhanced (P < 0.05) in T1 compared to T2. We observed similar carcass weight, and dressing percentage in both groups, and carcass composition remained unaffected. The pelleted diet containing greater ratio of concentrate: roughage (60:40) had no additional benefits in terms of ADG, and carcass traits in finisher kids. Therefore, it may be concluded that the Bengal gram residual forage-based pelleted TMR diet containing C40: R60 (TDN 57.13%, DCP 7.64%, ME 9.11MJ/kg feed) is suitable for optimizing growth performance with desirable carcass traits, and meat composition in finisher Barbari kids reared under the intensive system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T K Dutta
- Eastern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Kalyani, 741235, India.
- Nutrition, Feed Resource and Products Technology Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, P.O. Farah-281 122, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Prabhat Tripathi
- Division of Soil Physics, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, 462038, India
- Nutrition, Feed Resource and Products Technology Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, P.O. Farah-281 122, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A Chatterjee
- Eastern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Kalyani, 741235, India
| | - A Mohammad
- Eastern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Kalyani, 741235, India
| | - Arun K Das
- Eastern Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Kolkata, 700037, India.
- Nutrition, Feed Resource and Products Technology Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, P.O. Farah-281 122, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang S, Zhang X, Li X, Zheng J, Zhao L, Fan C, Zhao Y. Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Analyses Reveal the Candidate Genes Regulating the Meat Quality Change by Castration in Yudong Black Goats ( Capra hircus). Genes (Basel) 2023; 15:43. [PMID: 38254933 PMCID: PMC10815812 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Yudong black goats (YDGs) are a local breed in southwest China that possess unique meat qualities and produce a high meat yield, making them ideal models for studying goat meat quality. Castration may decrease off-odors, significantly change metabolites and improve meat quality. Using multi-omics techniques, this study focused on Yudong black goat wethers (YDW, n = 4) and Yudong black bucks (YDB, n = 4). The findings revealed that 33 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 279 significantly changed metabolites (SCMs) influenced goat meat quality by affecting fat accumulation and lipolysis regulatory processes. Herein, several candidate genes (IGF1, TNNT2, PPP2R2C, MAPK10 and VNN1, etc.) were identified that play a role in regulating meat quality, non-castrated and castrated, alongside a series of metabolites that may serve as potential meat quality biomarkers. Lipids (triglycerides, oxidized lipids_5-iso PGF2VI, ceramide (t18:1/36:2(2OH)) and Carnitine C20:5, etc.) were significantly higher in the castrated goats. These results revealed that lipids and hydrophilic metabolites were affected by castration, which might be beneficial in terms of goat meat quality. This study aimed to investigate the differences in meat quality between uncastrated and castrated male goats and the possible molecular regulatory mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songjian Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (C.F.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (C.F.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xingchun Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (C.F.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jikang Zheng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (C.F.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Le Zhao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (C.F.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chengli Fan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (C.F.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yongju Zhao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (C.F.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
DUTTA TK, MAMTA, CHATTERJEE A, BHAKAT C, MANDAL DK, RAI S, MOHAMMAD A, SATPATHY D, YADAV SUSHILKR, ANIL, DAS ARUNK. Effect of different levels of concentrate supplementation on feed intake, growth performance, carcass traits and composition in finisher Barbari kids reared under intensive system. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i1.127288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-two weaned male Barbari kids (av. age, 144.65 days; weight, 9.43±0.24 kg), reared under intensive system of feeding, were divided equally into four groups (T1, T2, T3 and T4) to investigate the effect of supplementation of different levels of concentrate mixture on voluntary intake, growth performance, carcass traits and quality. All kids were fed with Bengal gram straw ad lib. + green fodder ad lib. as basal ration and supplemented with barley grain @ 0.7% of body weight in T1 and concentrate mixture @ 0.7, 1.4, and 2.1% of body weight in T2, T3, and T4, respectively. Dry Matter Intake (DMI, g)/kg W0.75 increased significantly in T1 and T4 than T2 and T3. Average daily weight gain (ADG) (g/d/kid) was enhanced significantly with each gradual increase in concentrate level. Slaughter weight and empty body weight were greatest in T4 compared with other treatments. Significantly greater dressing percentage and yield of separated lean meat was observed in kids under T3 and T4 than other two groups. But, meat:bone ratio and separated carcass fat yield was significantly higher only in kids under T4. Meat protein content (%) increased in T2, T3, and T4 as compared to control T1. Meat fat content increased linearly due to a gradual increase in the level of concentrate mixture supplementation to the finisher kids. Whereas, meat moisture and ash per cent remained unaltered due to different levels of concentrate supplementation to kids. Therefore, it may be concluded that supplementation of concentrate mixture @ 2.1% of the body weight in the roughage-based diet increased DMI in finisher Barbari kids with greater energy and protein values, which attributed to enhanced ADG in such kids by 408.3% over the control (supplemented with barley grain only), and also improved feed conversion ratio, carcass yield, carcass traits, and meat quality.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu ZL, Yang X, Zhang J, Wang W, Liu D, Hou B, Bai T, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Liu H, Hu H, Xia Y. Effects of forage type on the rumen microbiota, growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality in fattening goats. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1147685. [PMID: 37180069 PMCID: PMC10172669 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1147685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Forages fed to goats influence ruminal microbiota, and further contribute to affect growth performance, meat quality and its nutritional composition. Our objective for current study was to investigate the effects of different forages on growth performance, carcass traits, meat nutritional composition, rumen microflora, and the relationships between key bacteria and amino acids and fatty acids in the longissimus dorsi and semimembranosus muscles of goats. Boer crossbred goats were separately fed commercial concentrate diet supplemented with Hemarthria altissima (HA), Pennisetum sinese (PS), or forage maize (FG), and then slaughtered 90 days after the beginning of the experiment. Growth performances did not vary but carcass traits of dressing percentage, semi-eviscerated slaughter percentage, and eviscerated slaughter percentage displayed significant difference with the treatment studied. Meats from goats fed forage maize, especially semimembranosus muscles are rich in essential amino acids, as well as an increase in the amount of beneficial fatty acids. Our 16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that the Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were the most dominant phyla in all groups but different in relative abundance. Further, the taxonomic analysis and linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) identified the specific taxa that were differentially represented among three forage treatments. The spearman's correlation analysis showed that rumen microbiota was significantly associated with the goat meat nutritional composition, and more significant positive correlations were identified in semimembranosus muscles when compared with longissimus dorsi muscles. More specifically, the lipid metabolism-related bacteria Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group showed positively correlated with meat amino acid profile, while genera Oscillospiraceae_UCG-005 were positively correlated with fatty acid composition. These bacteria genera might have the potential to improve nutritional value and meat quality. Collectively, our results showed that different forages alter the carcass traits, meat nutritional composition, and rumen microflora in fattening goats, and forage maize induced an improvement in its nutritional value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou-lin Wu
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Chengdu Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiamin Zhang
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dayu Liu
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Hou
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Bai
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanyang Liu
- Chengdu Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongwen Hu
- Neijiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Neijiang, China
| | - Yunhong Xia
- Neijiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Neijiang, China
- *Correspondence: Yunhong Xia,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Effects of Castration Age on the Growth Performance of Nubian Crossbred Male Goats. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12243516. [PMID: 36552436 PMCID: PMC9774708 DOI: 10.3390/ani12243516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the optimal timing for performing castration on goats, eighteen male Nubian crossbred goats were randomly assigned to two groups and castrated at 3 months and 6 months of age, respectively. Daily dry matter intake, biweekly body weights, and ultrasonic measurements of longissimus dorsi muscle growth were recorded. Results indicated that there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the blood parameter analysis (except testosterone, 0.36 ± 0.26 vs. 3.61 ± 0.27 ng/mL at 25 weeks old), economic analysis, and growth performance, including final body weight, total weight gain, average daily gain, total dry-matter intake, and feed conversion ratio (p > 0.05). However, the longissimus dorsi muscle depth of goats castrated at 6 months of age was significantly higher than that of goats castrated at 3 months of age. In conclusion, castration timing does not have a significant effect on the growth performance of goats; therefore, castrating goats at 3 months of age may be the best practice considering animal welfare and possible risks associated with late castration.
Collapse
|
7
|
Sabry MIE, Stino FKR, El-Ghany WAA. Copper: benefits and risks for poultry, livestock, and fish production. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:487. [PMID: 34590182 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02915-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Protein production from animal origin should increase to meet the needs of a growing global population. This article presents an overview on copper (Cu) forms and their importance for animals' physiological functions. Moreover, it will focus on the current and promising nano-Cu applications in poultry, livestock, and fish production systems. Use of Cu as a feed additive directly or indirectly impacts the human food chain and may affect the safety and/or quality of food. Finally, the expected risks and hazards related to the use of nano-Cu that can affect animals, humans, and the environment are described. It is concluded that nano-Cu applications have the potential to provide an efficient solution for reducing the Cu amount in the poultry, livestock, and fish diets, which can help in reducing costs and environmental contamination and increasing animals' productivity. However, concerns over the safety of nano-Cu applications hamper their immediate implementation. Thus, rigorous risk assessments should be conducted to ensure the safety of animal-origin products in the case of supplementation animal diets with nano-copper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed I El Sabry
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | - Farid K R Stino
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | - Wafaa A Abd El-Ghany
- Poultry Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211, Giza, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tüfekci H, Olfaz M. Quality traits and fatty acid composition in meat of Hair Goat and Saanen × Hair Goat (G 1) crossbred kids fattened in different systems. Arch Anim Breed 2021; 64:305-314. [PMID: 34345652 PMCID: PMC8320521 DOI: 10.5194/aab-64-305-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, meat quality traits and fatty acid compositions of Hair Goat and Saanen × Hair Goat (G1) crossbred kids fattened
under intensive, semi-intensive and extensive conditions were determined. For meat quality traits, differences in pH24h,
pH45min, drip loss, water holding capacity, cooking loss and Warner–Bratzler peak shear force values of the experimental groups were
not found to be significant. According to colour measurements at the 0th and 45th minute, the extensive fattening group of Hair Goat kids had greater
lightness (L∗) values and the intensive fattening group of Hair Goat kids had greater redness (a∗) values. For intensive, semi-intensive
and extensive fattening groups of Hair Goat kids, total saturated fatty acid contents of longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle samples were
respectively measured as 19.28 %, 23.75 % and 23.35 %. Total monounsaturated fatty acid contents were respectively measured as 67.30 %,
66.22 % and 65.72 %. Total polyunsaturated fatty acid contents were respectively measured as 5.46 %, 3.06 % and 3.16 % and conjugate
linoleic acid contents were respectively measured as 0.48 %, 0.55 % and 0.65 %. For intensive, semi-intensive and extensive fattening
groups of Saanen × Hair Goat (G1) kids, total saturated fatty acid contents of LD muscle samples
were respectively measured as 21.01 %; 21.98 %, 19.10 %; total monounsaturated fatty acid contents were respectively measured as
64.04 %, 64.33 %, 52.44 %. Total polyunsaturated fatty acid contents were respectively measured as 3.53 %, 4.89 % and 4.84 %
and conjugate linoleic acid contents were respectively measured as 0.52 %, 0.58 % and 0.73 %. It was concluded that the extensive fattening
group had greater conjugated linoleic acid contents than the other fattening groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hacer Tüfekci
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Faculty, Yozgat Bozok University, 66100, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Olfaz
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Faculty, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55200, Samsun, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mushi DE. Feedlot performance of Tanzanian Shorthorn Zebu finished on local feed resources. Trop Anim Health Prod 2020; 52:3207-3216. [PMID: 32638154 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-020-02346-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A study was conducted in Hanang District to assess potential for on-farm feedlot finishing of Tanzanian Shorthorn Zebu (TSHZ) in dry season using locally available feed resources. A total of 65 (2-3 years old, 150-250 kg LWT) steers were randomly distributed into two dietary treatments in three villages. The steers were finished either in feedlots using compounded diets or under free grazing in accordance with farmers' practice. Following 90 days of feeding, all steers were slaughtered for detailed carcass and meat quality assessment. Growth performance, carcass and meat quality of experimental animals were assessed to determine feedlot performance of TSHZ. Results show that average daily gain of feedlot-finished animals (620 g/day) was nearly three-fold higher (P = 0.042) than that of grazed steers (223 g/day). Feedlot-finished steers produced 28 kg (P = 0.001) heavier carcasses than grazed ones. Carcasses from feedlot-finished steers cooled slowly as they had higher (P = 0.001) temperatures than that of grazed ones at 45 min (33.1 vs. 30.5 °C) and 6 h (21.0 vs. 19.5 °C) post-mortem. Feedlot-finished steers produced beef with higher (P = 0.003) marbling scores (3.4) than grazed ones (2.4). As a result, beef from the feedlot-finished steers was more tender (P = 0.016) than that from grazed ones, and it required 13 N less force to shear. It is concluded that TSHZ responds positively to improved feeding with significant enhancement on carcass gain and meat quality. Use of diets compounded using agro-processing by-products, instead of whole grain, can lower the cost of finishing TSHZ steers significantly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D E Mushi
- Department of Animal, aquaculture and Range Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kang K, Ma J, Wang H, Wang Z, Peng Q, Hu R, Zou H, Bao S, Zhang W, Sun B. High-energy diet improves growth performance, meat quality and gene expression related to intramuscular fat deposition in finishing yaks raised by barn feeding. Vet Med Sci 2020; 6:755-765. [PMID: 32588563 PMCID: PMC7738745 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to investigate the effects of dietary energy concentration (combined net energy, Nemf) on growth performance and meat quality of yaks raised by barn feeding. In all, 30 male yaks (3‐year old and 114.57 ± 21.56 kg of body weight) were allocated to one of three isonitrogenous dietary treatments that had different Nemf concentrations (low 3.72 MJ/kg, middle 4.52 MJ/kg and high 5.32 MJ/kg, respectively). The yaks were fed for 120 days. The results showed that the final weight, average daily gain, dressing percentage, backfat thickness and loin muscle area were significantly improved (p < .05) with the increase in dietary energy concentration. However, an opposite trend of feed:gain ratio, cooking loss, driage, shear force and moisture content was found. A significant improvement (p < .05) of intramuscular fat content was observed in the high‐energy group. Additionally, the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acid was increased (p < .05) at the expense of the saturated fatty acids. The mRNA expressions of lipogenic genes fatty acid synthase, acetyl‐CoA carboxylase, sterol regulatory element‐binding protein 1, stearoyl‐CoA desaturase, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ, lipoprotein lipase and heart fatty acid‐binding proteins increased (p < .05) in a dose‐dependent manner. However, the mRNA expressions of lipolytic genes carnitine palmitoyltransferase‐1 and hormone‐sensitive lipase correspondingly decreased (p < .05) with increased dietary energy level. In summary, the growth performance, meat production and meat quality improvement of finishing yaks can be achieved by increasing the dietary energy concentration. The intramuscular fat accumulation of yaks was achieved through up‐regulation of intramuscular lipogenic gene expression as well as fatty acid transport gene expression and down‐regulation of lipolytic gene expression by promoting dietary energy concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Kang
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Culture and Safety Production in Cattle in Sichuan, Animal Nutrition Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Culture and Safety Production in Cattle in Sichuan, Animal Nutrition Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongze Wang
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Culture and Safety Production in Cattle in Sichuan, Animal Nutrition Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhisheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Culture and Safety Production in Cattle in Sichuan, Animal Nutrition Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Quanhui Peng
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Culture and Safety Production in Cattle in Sichuan, Animal Nutrition Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Culture and Safety Production in Cattle in Sichuan, Animal Nutrition Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huawei Zou
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Culture and Safety Production in Cattle in Sichuan, Animal Nutrition Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanke Bao
- Haibei Demonstration Zone of Plateau Modern Ecological Animal Husbandry Science and Technology, Haibei, China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- Ningxia Xiahua Meat Product Limited Company, Zhongwei, China
| | - Baozhong Sun
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
AL-Sagan AA, Khalil S, Hussein EOS, Attia YA. Effects of Fennel Seed Powder Supplementation on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Meat Quality, and Economic Efficiency of Broilers under Thermoneutral and Chronic Heat Stress Conditions. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10020206. [PMID: 31991864 PMCID: PMC7070762 DOI: 10.3390/ani10020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Nowadays, great attention has been given to phytogenic products as a growth enhancer due to their safety and eco-friendly influences on animal nutrition. Thus, this investigation looked at the use of fennel seed powder at 0, 1.6, and 3.2% as a dietary additive on the performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and efficiency of the production of broiler chickens raised under thermoneutral and chronic heat stress conditions. In essence, 3.2% fennel seed powder in the diet of broilers enhanced the growth rate under chronic heat stress and decreased breast meat redness and temperature, suggesting that 3.2% fennel seed could be used as an agent for enhancing the broiler’s tolerance during chronic heat stress (CHS) condition from 19 to 41 days of age. Abstract Nowadays, phytogenic products have received great attention as a growth promoter due to their safety and environmentally friendly effect as a replacement for classical growth promoters such as antibiotics in animal nutrition. Thus, this research seeks the possibility of using fennel seed powder (FSP) as a dietary additive from 19 to 41 days of age on productive performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and production efficiency of broiler chickens raised under thermoneutral and chronic heat stress conditions. Thus, 216 one-day-old Ross-308 broiler chicks were divided into two equal groups. The first group was placed in an independent temperature-controlled room at 23 ± 2 °C. The broiler chicks from the second group were placed in a heat-stressed room and exposed to chronic heat stress conditions (32 ± 2 °C) for seven hours per day from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m. The experimental design was 2 × 3 factorial including two environmental temperatures (thermoneutral vs chronic heat stress) and three experimental diets that contained 0, 1.6, and 3.2% FSP. The chickens were randomly assigned to 18-floor pens per room temperature, representing six replicates per treatment and six birds per replicate. The results showed that dietary fennel seed powder during days 19–41 of age enhanced the growth rate of broiler chickens and improved breast meat redness and reduced temperature under chronic heat stress. In conclusion, 3.2% of fennel seed powder could be used as an agent for enhancing the broiler’s tolerance during chronic heat stress condition from 19 to 41 days of age. Moreover, it is necessary to study in further detail the nitrite and nitrate contents in FSP and their impacts on muscle redness (a*) as well as muscle temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A. AL-Sagan
- King Abdulaziz City for Science & Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shady Khalil
- AlzChem Trostberg GmbH, 83308 Trostberg, Germany;
| | - Elsayed O. S. Hussein
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Youssef A. Attia
- Arid Land Agriculture Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li F, Yang X, Yang Y, Liu Y, Li J, Zhang Y, Lv R, Liu D, Cao S, Xu L. Maternal energy restriction by low starch or fat affects carcase trait, meat quality and muscle antioxidative properties in Arbor Acres broilers. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2019.1679044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xue Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jianing Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanyun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Rongchuang Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Dawei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuxin Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Liangmei Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jawasreh KI, Alamareen AH, Obeidat MD, Aad PY. Growth Performance and Meat Characteristics of the First Awassi-Rambouillet Callipyge Backcross. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9080517. [PMID: 31374974 PMCID: PMC6719001 DOI: 10.3390/ani9080517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The Awassi sheep breed is very resilient in the Mediterranean region but shows poor meat quality. The callipyge mutation enhances growth and meat characteristics, and as such we bred Awassi-Rambouillet Callipyge carrier rams with Awassi ewes and compared meat quality in the first backcross of Awassi-Rambouillet callipyge carriers (CRAW), non carrier Rambouillet Awassi (RAW), and pure Awassi (AW) ram lambs in a fattening trial for 94 days. CRAW lambs showed mostly similar growth potential and meat characteristics to RAW lambs. However, CRAW lambs showed higher growth potential as compared to AW lambs, and better meat characteristics in the shoulders and legs, but not in tenderness. Fat tail weight did not change in CRAW as compared to AW lambs. Therefore, the introgression of the callipyge mutation in Awassi lambs allows for improvement in growth and meat, without impacting the currently desirable traits of the fat tail. This research allows the improvement of meat production and return on investment in the local flocks of Awassi sheep. Abstract The Awassi breed is desirable due to its resilient traits, but shows poor lean meat content on the carcass; the callipyge mutation may enhance growth and meat characteristics. The first backcross of callipyge Awassi–Rambouillet (CRAW) lambs was generated by mating Awassi ewes with heterozygous F1 (50 % Awassi and 50 % Rambouillet) rams for the callipyge mutation. A fattening trial with carriers of CLPG (CRAW), non-carriers (RAW), and Awassi (AW) ram lambs was conducted for 94 days and growth and meat characteristic parameters were recorded. Final body weight, average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio, and dry matter intake, but not initial body weight, were greater in CRAW and RAW lambs as compared to AW lambs; hot and cold carcass, dressing percentage, and shoulder, rack, and loin weights were greater in CRAW vs. AW but not RAW lambs. Leg cuts were heavier in CRAW vs. both RAW and AW lambs; intermuscular and subcutaneous fat percentages were greater in CRAW as compared to AW but not RAW lambs. Non-carcass components showed kidney fat, kidney, liver and testes weights higher in CRAW lambs as compared to AW lambs, but these parameters were similar to those of RAW lambs. There were no differences in fat tail weight. Further, CRAW lambs had higher shear force and water holding capacity than RAW and AW lambs, while cooking loss was the lowest in CRAW lambs. In conclusion, the callipyge mutation with 25% Rambouillet genes can provide efficient improvements in growth and meat characteristics, with the exception of tenderness in Awassi sheep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khaleel I Jawasreh
- Department of Animal Production, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Ahmad Hasen Alamareen
- Department of Animal Production, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid 22110, Jordan
- Livestock Research Directorate, National Agriculture Research Center (NARC), Albaqa'a 19381, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Diya Obeidat
- Department of Animal Production, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Pauline Y Aad
- Department of Sciences, Notre Dame University Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh 2207, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Awawdeh MS, Dager HK, Obeidat BS. Effects of alternative feedstuffs on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of growing Awassi lambs. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2019.1579680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mofleh S. Awawdeh
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Hamzeh K. Dager
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Belal S. Obeidat
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Damascus kids’ slaughter, carcass and meat quality traits in different production systems using antioxidant supplementation. Small Rumin Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
16
|
Karaca S, Erdoğan S, Kor D, Kor A. Effects of pre-slaughter diet/management system and fasting period on physiological indicators and meat quality traits of lambs. Meat Sci 2016; 116:67-77. [PMID: 26874084 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study determined the effects of pre-slaughter diet/management system on blood and rumen parameters and meat-quality traits of Norduz lambs. Eighty lambs were divided into two groups according to diet (AH: alfalfa hay; BAH: alfalfa supplemented with 500 g/head barley) for 21 days. Following this period, lambs from each group were distributed among four groups according to pre-slaughter fasting period as 0, 12, 24 or 48 h. Cortisol concentrations were found to be significantly higher in the 24 h and 48 h groups when compared to the 0 h group (p<0.01). Diet and fasting period had limited effect on muscle glycogen content and ultimate pH·L*, WHC and moisture decreased in line with increases in the fasting period (p<0.01). In conclusion, carcass conformation and some meat quality traits were better in BAH lambs. Fasting had a negative effect on some meat quality parameters, with significant increases in some physiological stress indicators after fasting periods of 24 h or longer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serhat Karaca
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yuzuncu Yıl University, 65080, Van, Turkey.
| | - Sibel Erdoğan
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yuzuncu Yıl University, 65080, Van, Turkey
| | - Dilek Kor
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yuzuncu Yıl University, 65080, Van, Turkey
| | - Aşkın Kor
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yuzuncu Yıl University, 65080, Van, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hozza WA, Mtenga LA, Kifaro GC, Shija DSN, Mushi DE, Safari JG, Shirima EJM. Meat Quality Characteristics of Small East African Goats and Norwegian Crosses Finished under Small Scale Farming Conditions. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 27:1773-82. [PMID: 25358372 PMCID: PMC4213690 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2014.14069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the experiment was to study the effect of feeding system on meat quality characteristics of Small East African (SEA) goats and their crosses with Norwegian (SEA×N) goats finished under small scale farming conditions. Twenty four castrated goats at the age of 18 months with live body weight of 16.7±0.54 kg from each breed (SEA and SEA×N) were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2×3 factorial arrangement (two breed, and three dietary treatments). The dietary treatments were; no access to concentrate (T0), 66% access to ad libitum concentrate allowance (T66) and 100% access to ad libitum concentrate allowance with 20% refusal (T100) and the experimental period was for 84 days. In addition, all goats were allowed to graze for 2 hours daily and later fed grass hay on ad libitum basis. Daily feed intakes were recorded for all 84-days of experiment after which the animals were slaughtered. Feed intake of T100 animals was 536 g/d, which was 183 g/d higher than that of T66 group. Supplemented goats had significantly (p<0.05) better feed conversion efficiency. The SEA had higher (p<0.05) hot carcass weight (8.2 vs 7.9 kg), true dressing percentage (54.5 vs 53.3) and commercial dressing percentage (43.3 vs 41.6) compared to SEA×N. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) for dressing percentage and carcass conformation among supplemented goats except fatness score, total fat depots and carcass fat which increased (p<0.05) with increasing concentrate levels in the diet. Increasing level of concentrate on offer increased meat dry matter with subsequent increase of fat in the meat. Muscle pH of goats fed concentrate declined rapidly and reached below 6 at 6 h post-mortem but temperature remained at 28°C. Cooking loss and meat tenderness improved (p<0.05) and thawing loss increased (p<0.05) with ageing period. Similarly, meat tenderness improved (p<0.05) with concentrate supplementation. Shear force of muscles varied from 36 to 66, the high values been associated with Semimembranosus and Gluteobiceps muscles. The present study demonstrates that there are differences in meat quality characteristics of meat from SEA goats and their crosses with Norwegian breeds finished under small scale farming conditions in rural areas. Therefore, concentrate supplementation of goats of both breeds improves meat quality attributes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W A Hozza
- Institute of Rural Development Planning, Dodoma, 41000 Tanzania
| | - L A Mtenga
- Institute of Rural Development Planning, Dodoma, 41000 Tanzania
| | - G C Kifaro
- Institute of Rural Development Planning, Dodoma, 41000 Tanzania
| | - D S N Shija
- Institute of Rural Development Planning, Dodoma, 41000 Tanzania
| | - D E Mushi
- Institute of Rural Development Planning, Dodoma, 41000 Tanzania
| | - J G Safari
- Institute of Rural Development Planning, Dodoma, 41000 Tanzania
| | - E J M Shirima
- Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Development, Dar-es-Salaam 11000, Tanzania
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang D, Zhou L, Zhou H, Hou G, Shi L, Li M, Huang X, Guan S. Effects of nutritional level of concentrate-based diets on meat quality and expression levels of genes related to meat quality in Hainan black goats. Anim Sci J 2014; 86:166-73. [PMID: 25039653 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of the nutritional levels of diets on meat quality and related gene expression in Hainan black goat. Twenty-four goats were divided into six dietary treatments and were fed a concentrate-based diet with two levels of crude protein (CP) (15% or 17%) and three levels of digestive energy (DE) (11.72, 12.55 or 13.39 MJ/kg DM) for 90 days. Goats fed the concentrate-based diet with 17% CP had significantly (P < 0.05) higher average daily gains (ADG) and better feed conversion rates (FCR). The pH 24h value tended to decrease (P < 0.05) with increasing DE levels. The tenderness of Longissimus dorsi muscle (LD) and Semimembranosus muscle (SM) reduced with increasing CP levels (P < 0.05). With increasing DE levels, tenderness was increased (P < 0.05). The heart fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) mRNA expression levels in LD and SM increased with increasing DE levels (P < 0.05), but decreased with increasing CP levels (P < 0.05). The calpastatin (CAST) and μ-calpain mRNA expressions levels in LD and SM were affected significantly (P < 0.05) by CP and DE levels in the diet. Therefore, the nutritional levels of diets affect meat quality and expression levels of genes associated with meat quality in Hainan black goats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dingfa Wang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Huang Y, Wang Y, Lin X, Guo C. Effects of supplemental copper on the serum lipid profile, meat quality, and carcass composition of goat kids. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 159:140-6. [PMID: 24756646 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-9976-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of copper (Cu) supplementation on the serum lipid profile, meat quality, and carcass composition of goat kids, thirty-five 3-4-month-old Jian Yang big-eared goat kids (BW 20.3±0.6 kg) were randomly assigned to one of seven dietary Cu treatments (n=5/treatment). The dietary Cu concentrations were: (1) control (no supplemental Cu), (2) 20 mg, (3) 40 mg, (4) 80 mg, (5) 160 mg, (6) 320 mg, and (7) 640 mg of supplemental Cu/kg dry matter (DM). Copper was supplemented as CuSO4.5H2O (25.2 % Cu). The goats were fed a high-concentrate basal diet with the different concentrations of supplemental Cu/kg DM for 96 days. The serum lipid profile was determined on day 51 and day 96. Meat quality and carcass composition of longissimus dorsi muscle were measured after the goats were slaughtered at 96 days. Serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were not affected by treatment (P>0.18). No differences were observed in drip loss, cooking loss, a* (redness/greenness) and b* (yellowness/blueness) values (P>0.17); however, the 24-h pH value (linear; P=0.0009) and L* (brightness) value (linear; P=0.0128) decreased, and shear force increased (linear; P=0.0005) as Cu supplementation increased. The intramuscular fat (%) increased (linear; P=0.001) as supplemental Cu increased. No differences (P>0.21) in the moisture, crude protein, and ash (%) were observed. Results of this study indicate that supplemental Cu does not modify the serum lipid profile; however, it can impact intramuscular fat content and the meat quality of goat kids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Huang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu, 610041, Peoples' Republic of China,
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kim SW, Park SB, Kim MJ, Kim DH, Yim DG. Effects of Different Levels of Concentrate in the Diet on Physicochemical Traits of Korean Native Black Goat Meats. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2014; 34:457-63. [PMID: 26761283 PMCID: PMC4662149 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2014.34.4.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of feeding of diets based on roughage supplemented with concentrate on the carcass and meat quality attributes of Korean black goats were investigated. The 40 male goats at 5 mon age were divided into four treatment groups; T1 (1.5%), T2 (2.0%), T3 (2.5%) and T4 (ad libitum) feeding of concentrate with ad libitum rice straw. Forty bucks at the end of the feeding were fasted for 12 h before slaughter and were then slaughtered. For carcass measurement, cold buck carcasses were examined after 24 h of chilling at 5℃. The carcasses were chilled in refrigerator at 2±2℃ for 24 h, then the longissimus dorsi muscle was removed from the carcasses. The samples were separately vacuum packaged, frozen and stored at -20℃ for up to 1 mon, prior to physicochemical evaluations. Carcass yields were greatly affected by rate of concentrate feeding. T4 showed the heaviest live and carcass weights and the highest dressing and fat percentages (p<0.05). The moisture contents were lower in T4 compared with other treatments, while the crude protein and fat contents were higher (p<0.05). monounsaturated fatty acid in T4 was significantly higher than others, which showed the highest percentages of oleic acid (C18:1). For the sensory test, T4 was tenderer and produced better flavor scores than others. Increasing the level of concentrate in the diet resulted in an improvement in growth performance, and carcass and physicochemical characteristics of goat meats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Woo Kim
- Animal Genetic Resources Station, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Namwon 590-830, Korea
| | - Seong Bok Park
- Animal Genetic Resources Station, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Namwon 590-830, Korea
| | - Myeong Jik Kim
- Animal Genetic Resources Station, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Namwon 590-830, Korea
| | - Dong Hun Kim
- Animal Genetic Resources Station, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Namwon 590-830, Korea
| | - Dong-Gyun Yim
- Department of Health Administration and Food Hygiene, Jinju Health College, Jinju 660-757, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Saqhir S, Abo Omar J, Naser O, Ghanam I, Abdallah J. Performance and carcass characteristics of finishing Black goat kids fed oil supplemented diets. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
22
|
Effects of castration and fattening period on growth performance and carcass characteristics in Iranian goats. Small Rumin Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2011.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
23
|
El-Waziry A, Al-Owaimer A, Suliman G, Hussein E, Abouheif M. Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Intact and Castrated Ardhi Goat Kids Fed High Energy Diet. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/javaa.2011.2157.2162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
24
|
|
25
|
Growth performance and carcass characteristics of Awassi lambs fed diets containing carob pods (Ceratonia siliqua L.). Small Rumin Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2010.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
26
|
Obeidat B, Awawdeh M, Abdullah A, Muwalla M, Abu Ishmais M, Telfah B, Ayrout A, Matarneh S, Subih H, Osaili T. Effects of feeding broiler litter on performance of Awassi lambs fed finishing diets. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
27
|
Obeidat B, Aloqaily B. Using sesame hulls in Awassi lambs diets: Its effect on growth performance and carcass characteristics and meat quality. Small Rumin Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2010.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
28
|
Effects of concentrate supplementation on carcass and meat quality attributes of feedlot finished Small East African goats. Livest Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2009.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
29
|
Awawdeh M, Obeidat B, Abdullah A, Hananeh W. Effects of yellow grease or soybean oil on performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics of finishing Awassi lambs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2009.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
30
|
Mushi D, Safari J, Mtenga L, Kifaro G, Eik L. Effects of concentrate levels on fattening performance, carcass and meat quality attributes of Small East African×Norwegian crossbred goats fed low quality grass hay. Livest Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2009.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
31
|
Liméa L, Boval M, Mandonnet N, Garcia G, Archimède H, Alexandre G. Growth performance, carcass quality, and noncarcass components of indigenous Caribbean goats under varying nutritional densities. J Anim Sci 2009; 87:3770-81. [PMID: 19617509 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2009-1834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies were conducted to determine the effects of feeding regimens on growth and carcass quality of the Creole goat, a genotype indigenous to the Caribbean. Forty kids weighing 9.0 +/- 1.2 kg of BW were reared indoors after weaning. Four supplement amounts were compared (10 kids per treatment): the G0 group received the basal diet (tropical forage, 8.8 MJ of ME and 108 g of CP/kg of DM) without concentrate, whereas the G100, G200, and G300 groups were offered 130, 230, and 310 g/d of concentrate (13.6 MJ of ME and 209 g of CP/kg of DM), respectively, in addition to the basal diet. The kids were slaughtered according to the standard procedure at 22 to 24 kg of BW for assessment of carcass traits and meat quality. Total DMI increased significantly, from 51 to 78 g/kg of BW(0.75), for G0 to G300 kids, whereas their ADG doubled from 42 to 84 g/d (P < 0.01; P < 0.01, respectively). The G:F values reached 125 to 130 for the G200 and G300 diets and were satisfactory compared with literature values. The carcass weight and dressing percentage (P < 0.01) increased from group G0 to G300, from 9 to 13 kg and from 42 to 51%, respectively. The proportions of the different cuts (related to the carcass weight) did not vary by diet. The conformation score increased significantly (P < 0.05) among the 4 groups from an average score of 3.2 to 4.0 (score/5). There was a significant effect (P < 0.01) of supplement amount on the accumulation of internal fat tissues: the kidney fat weight increased from 113 to 253 g from the G0 to the G300 group. Regardless of the feeding level and amount of internal fat, the carcasses had an acceptable fat cover score, which remained less than 2.6 (score/5). A significant effect was not observed for the ultimate pH and the main color variables of the meat. The cooking loss and the shoulder DM content varied (P < 0.05) with the supplement amount. By increasing the nutritional density of the diet, it was possible to obtain well-conformed and heavy carcasses, with no excessive fattening. Indigenous Creole goats have potential as meat animals when fed to gain more than 80 g/d. The optimal supplement supply with good-quality grass would be approximately 3.69 MJ of ME/d in our conditions. Further studies are required on meat sensory parameters and fatty acid profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Liméa
- INRA UR 143 Unité de Recherches Zootechniques, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre Antilles-Guyane, Domaine Duclos, 97170 Petit Bourg, Guadeloupe
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Effect of different protein–energy ratio in pulse by-products and residue based pelleted feeds on growth, rumen fermentation, carcass and sausage quality in Barbari kids. Small Rumin Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2009.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
33
|
Application of an ultrasonic assisted curing technique for improving the diffusion of sodium chloride in porcine meat. J FOOD ENG 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2008.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
34
|
Effects of feeding sesame meal on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and carcass characteristics of Awassi lambs. Small Rumin Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2009.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
35
|
|
36
|
Obeidat BS, Abdullah AY, Al-Lataifeh FA. The effect of partial replacement of barley grains by Prosopis juliflora pods on growth performance, nutrient intake, digestibility, and carcass characteristics of Awassi lambs fed finishing diets. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|