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Yang S, Liu T, Mo J, Yang H, Wang H, Huang G, Cai G, Wu Z, Zhang X. Digestion and utilization of plant-based diets by transgenic pigs secreting β-glucanase, xylanase, and phytase in their salivary glands. Transgenic Res 2023; 32:109-119. [PMID: 36809403 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-023-00339-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Novel transgenic (TG) pigs co-expressing three microbial enzymes, β-glucanase, xylanase, and phytase, in their salivary glands were previously generated, which exhibited reduced phosphorus and nitrogen emissions and improved growth performances. In the present study, we attempted to explore the age-related change of the TG enzymic activity, the residual activity of the enzymes in the simulated gastrointestinal tract, and the effect of the transgenes on the digestion of nitrogen and phosphorus content in the fiber-rich, plant-based diets. Results showed that all the three enzymes were stably expressed over the growing and finishing periods in the F2 generation TG pigs. In simulated gastric juice, all the three enzymes exhibited excellent gastrointestinal environment adaptability. The apparent total tract digestibility of phosphorus was increased by 69.05% and 499.64%, while fecal phosphate outputs were decreased by 56.66% and 37.32%, in the TG pigs compared with the wild-type littermates fed with low non-starch polysaccharides diets and high fiber diets, respectively. Over half of available phosphorus and water-soluble phosphorus in fecal phosphorus were reduced. We also found the performance of phosphorus, calcium, and nitrogen retention rates were significantly improved, resulting in faster growth performance in TG pigs. The results indicate that TG pigs can effectively digest the high-fiber diets and exhibit good growth performance compared with wild type pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanxin Yang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jianxin Mo
- Yunfu Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Yunfu, 527400, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Wens Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd, Yunfu, 527400, China
| | - Huaqiang Yang
- Yunfu Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Yunfu, 527400, China.,College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Wens Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd, Yunfu, 527400, China
| | - Haoqiang Wang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Guangyan Huang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Gengyuan Cai
- Yunfu Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Yunfu, 527400, China.,College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Wens Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd, Yunfu, 527400, China
| | - Zhenfang Wu
- Yunfu Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Yunfu, 527400, China.,College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Wens Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd, Yunfu, 527400, China
| | - Xianwei Zhang
- Yunfu Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Yunfu, 527400, China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Wens Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd, Yunfu, 527400, China.
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Boontiam W, Phaenghairee P, Van Hoeck V, Vasanthakumari BL, Somers I, Wealleans A. Xylanase Impact beyond Performance: Effects on Gut Structure, Faecal Volatile Fatty Acid Content and Ammonia Emissions in Weaned Piglets Fed Diets Containing Fibrous Ingredients. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:3043. [PMID: 36359167 PMCID: PMC9654035 DOI: 10.3390/ani12213043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The addition of xylanase to piglet diets is known to improve performance and nutrient digestibility. The present study aimed to assess the impact of new xylanase on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and gut function of weaned piglets. A total of 144 pigs, weaned at 28 days (7.48 kg initial body weight, IBW), were assigned to 36 pens and 9 pens per treatment. Dietary treatments were a basal complex control diet, and the basal diet supplemented with 45,000, 90,000 and 135,000 U/kg xylanase. Performance was measured at days 0, 14 and 35. At day 35, samples were collected for assessment of intestinal histology, and volatile fatty acid and ammonia concentrations. After two weeks post-weaning, additional 12 piglets (11.34 kg IBW) were placed in metabolic crates for assessment of apparent total tract nutrient digestibility using a dietary marker. The addition of xylanase at 90,000 and 135,000 U/kg significantly improved average daily gain (333.6 g/day control, 364.86 g/day, 90,000 U/kg, 405.89 g/day, 135,000 U/kg, p < 0.05), G:F (0.557 control, 0.612 90,000 U/kg, 0.692 135,000 U/kg, p < 0.05), and reduced diarrhoea. This was driven improved nutrient digestibility and villus height in the jejunum (372.87 µm control, 432.53 µm 45,000 U/kg, 465.80 µm 90,000 U/kg, 491.28 µm 135,000 U/kg, p < 0.05). Xylanase supplementation also linearly increased faecal butyrate levels and had a quadratic relationship with propionate concentrations. 135,000 U/kg xylanase also reduced ammonia emissions. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with xylanase improved growth performance and feed efficiency in weaning piglets, likely driven by improvements to gut structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waewaree Boontiam
- Faculty of Agriculture, Division of Animal Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Pheeraphong Phaenghairee
- Faculty of Agriculture, Division of Animal Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Veerle Van Hoeck
- Kemin Europa N.V., Animal Nutrition and Health EMENA, Toekomstlaan 42, 2200 Herentals, Belgium
| | | | - Ingrid Somers
- Kemin Europa N.V., Animal Nutrition and Health EMENA, Toekomstlaan 42, 2200 Herentals, Belgium
| | - Alexandra Wealleans
- Kemin Europa N.V., Animal Nutrition and Health EMENA, Toekomstlaan 42, 2200 Herentals, Belgium
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Zhong R, Gao L, Zhang L, Huang Q, Chen L, Zhang H. Effects of optimal carbohydrases cocktails screened using an in vitro method on nutrient and energy digestibility of different fiber source diets fed to growing pigs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Jerez-Bogota K, Sánchez C, Ibagon J, Jlali M, Cozannet P, Preynat A, Woyengo TA. Growth performance and nutrient digestibility of growing and finishing pigs fed multienzyme-supplemented low-energy and -amino acid diets. Transl Anim Sci 2020; 4:txaa040. [PMID: 32705037 PMCID: PMC7190207 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txaa040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A study was conducted to determine the effects of supplementing corn-soybean meal-based diets with a multienzyme on growth performance, bone mineralization, apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients of growing pigs. A total of 276 pigs (body weight [BW] = 33.99 ± 4.3 kg) were housed by sex in 45 pens of 6 or 7 pigs and fed 5 diets (9 pens/diet) in a randomized complete block design. Diets were positive control (PC); and negative control 1 (NC1) or negative control 2 (NC2) without or with multienzyme. The multienzyme used supplied at least 1,800, 1,244, 6,600, and 1,000 units of xylanase, β-glucanase, arabinofuranosidase, and phytase per kilogram of diet, respectively. The PC diet was adequate in all nutrients according to NRC recommendations and had greater digestible P content than NC1 or NC2 diet by 0.134 percentage points. The PC diet had greater net energy (NE) and standardized ileal digestible amino acids (AA) content than NC1 diet by 3%, and than NC2 diet by 5%. The diets were fed in 4 phases based on BW: Phase 1: 34-50 kg; Phase 2: 50-75 kg; Phase 3: 75-100 kg; and Phase 4: 100-120 kg. Nutrient digestibility and bone mineralization were determined at the end of Phase 1. Overall (34-120 kg BW), pigs fed the PC and NC1 diets did not differ in average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake. Pigs fed NC2 diet had lower (P < 0.05) ADG and gain-to-feed ratio (G:F) than those fed PC diet. Pigs fed PC diet had greater (P < 0.05) bone ash content and ATTD of P than those fed NC1 diet. The ATTD of GE for PC diet was greater (P < 0.05) than that for NC2 diet, and tended to be greater (P < 0.10) than that for NC1 diet. Multienzyme interacted (P < 0.05) with negative control diet type on overall ADG and AID of GE such that multienzyme did not affect overall ADG and AID of GE for the NC1 diet, but increased (P < 0.05) overall ADG and AID of GE for NC2 diet by 5.09 and 8.74%, respectively. Multienzyme did not interact with negative control diet type on overall G:F, bone ash content, AID of AA, and ATTD of nutrients. Multienzyme increased (P < 0.05) overall G:F, AID of methionine, ATTD of GE and P, and tended to increase (P = 0.056) bone ash content. The ADG, bone ash content, and ATTD of GE and P for the multienzyme-supplemented diets were similar to (P > 0.10) PC diet. Thus, NE and digestible AA and P can be lowered by ≤5% in multienzyme-supplemented diets without effects on growth performance and bone ash of pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Jerez-Bogota
- Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD
| | - Cristian Sánchez
- Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD
| | - Jimena Ibagon
- Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD
| | - Maamer Jlali
- Adisseo France S.A.S., Center of Expertise and Research in Nutrition, Commentry, France
| | - Pierre Cozannet
- Adisseo France S.A.S., Center of Expertise and Research in Nutrition, Commentry, France
| | - Aurélie Preynat
- Adisseo France S.A.S., Center of Expertise and Research in Nutrition, Commentry, France
| | - Tofuko A Woyengo
- Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD
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Effect of cereal soaking and carbohydrase supplementation on growth, nutrient digestibility and intestinal microbiota in liquid-fed grow-finishing pigs. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1023. [PMID: 31974415 PMCID: PMC6978375 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57668-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Soaking the cereal fraction of a liquid diet prior to feeding (Csoak), and/or carbohydrase enzyme supplementation (ENZ) are likely to modulate both feed and intestinal microbial populations and improve feed efficiency (FE) in pigs. To test this hypothesis, a total of 392 grow-finisher pigs (~33.4 kg, 7 pigs/pen) were randomly allocated to 4 treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement for 70 days as follows: (1) fresh liquid feed (Fresh); (2) Cereal soaked liquid feed (Soak); (3) Fresh + ENZ and (4) Soak + ENZ. An interaction between ENZ and Csoak was found for average daily gain (ADG) during the growing phase (day 0 to 21; P < 0.05) where pigs fed the Soak + ENZ diet had higher ADG than pigs fed the Fresh + ENZ diet. No treatment effect was found for ADG thereafter. Enzyme supplementation increased total tract nutrient digestibility (P < 0.05) and reduced caecal VFA concentrations (P < 0.05) but did not improve pig growth or FE. Both Csoak and ENZ modulated intestinal microbiota composition; increasing abundance of bacterial taxa that were negatively correlated with pig growth and reducing abundance of taxa positively correlated with pig growth and caecal butyrate concentration. In conclusion, both strategies (Csoak and ENZ) improved nutrient digestibility in pigs and modulated intestinal microbiota composition.
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Sun HY, Ingale SL, Rathi P, Kim IH. Influence of β-glucanase supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood parameters, and meat quality in broilers fed wheat–barley–soybean diet. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2018-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A total of 600 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chickens with an average body weight of 43.00 ± 0.42 g were used in a 35 d growth assay to investigate the supplemental effects of three levels (600, 1200, and 1800 β-glucanase units kg−1) of β-glucanase on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood parameters, and meat quality in wheat–barley–soybean-meal-based broiler diet. During days 19–35 and overall period, chickens’ body weight gain and feed conversion ratio were significantly (P < 0.05) improved linearly following the levels of β-glucanase supplementation. The digestibility of crude protein and gross energy were significantly (P < 0.05) increased linearly with the levels of β-glucanase supplementation. Significant linear increase (P < 0.05) due to increasing β-glucanase supplementation was observed for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration. Increasing β-glucanase supplementation did not influence (P > 0.05) the meat quality. In conclusion, broiler diets supplementation with increasing β-glucanase could improve the growth performance, enhance the digestibility, and modulate the concentrations of BUN linearly. Meat quality was not influenced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang Sun
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 31116, Korea
| | | | | | - In Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 31116, Korea
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Torres-Pitarch A, Manzanilla E, Gardiner G, O’Doherty J, Lawlor P. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of feed enzymes on growth and nutrient digestibility in grow-finisher pigs: Effect of enzyme type and cereal source. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Li Q, Gabler NK, Loving CL, Gould SA, Patience JF. A dietary carbohydrase blend improved intestinal barrier function and growth rate in weaned pigs fed higher fiber diets. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:5233-5243. [PMID: 30299467 PMCID: PMC6276555 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary xylanase (X) and a carbohydrase enzyme blend (EB: cellulase, β-glucanase, and xylanase) on nutrient digestibility, intestinal barrier integrity, inflammatory status, and growth performance in weaned piglets fed higher fiber diets. A total of 460 pigs (6.43 ± 0.06 kg BW; F25 × 6.0 Genetiporc) were blocked by initial BW and pens (n = 12 per treatment) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments. The diets included a higher fiber unsupplemented control diet (CON) and the CON supplemented with 0.01% X, 0.01% EB, or both enzymes, arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial. The diets were based on corn, soybean meal, corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), and wheat middlings. Pigs had 7 d to adapt to the environment and consumed the same commercial diet. Pigs were fed the experimental diets for 28 d with free access to feed and water. Body weight and feed disappearance were recorded weekly. One pig with BW closest to the pen average from each pen was selected and moved to metabolism crates on day 16 and intragastric gavaged a solution of lactulose and mannitol on day 22 followed by 12-h urine collection. Feces were collected from day 23 to 25. Intestinal tissues and mucosal scrapings were collected on day 28. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS (9.4). Xylanase, EB, and their interaction were fixed effects and block was a random effect. The EB, but not X, increased pig BW and improved ADG over 28 d (P < 0.05). Neither carbohydrase impacted ADFI, G:F, or apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of DM, GE, or CP. The EB improved ATTD of ADF (32.45 vs. 26.57%; P < 0.01), but had no effect on NDF. Unexpectedly, X reduced ATTD of NDF and ADF (P < 0.01). The EB reduced urinary lactulose:mannitol and increased ileal claudin-3 mRNA abundance (P < 0.05), indicating improved small intestinal barrier integrity. There was a X × EB interaction on ileal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) concentration (P < 0.05); in the absence of X, EB decreased sIgA compared to CON, but this effect disappeared in the presence of X. The EB also reduced ileal IL-22 mRNA abundance (P < 0.05), probably indicating decreased immune activation. In conclusion, EB but not X enhanced growth rate of weaned pigs fed higher fiber diets, which may be partly explained by the improved small intestinal barrier integrity and reduced immune activation, rather than improvement in nutrient digestibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Li
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
| | | | | | - Stacie A Gould
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
| | - John F Patience
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
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Characterization of the Catalytic Structure of Plant Phytase, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-Like Phytase, and Histidine Acid Phytases and Their Biotechnological Applications. Enzyme Res 2018; 2018:8240698. [PMID: 29713527 PMCID: PMC5866894 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8240698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytase plays a prominent role in monogastric animal nutrition due to its ability to improve phytic acid digestion in the gastrointestinal tract, releasing phosphorus and other micronutrients that are important for animal development. Moreover, phytase decreases the amounts of phytic acid and phosphate excreted in feces. Bioinformatics approaches can contribute to the understanding of the catalytic structure of phytase. Analysis of the catalytic structure can reveal enzymatic stability and the polarization and hydrophobicity of amino acids. One important aspect of this type of analysis is the estimation of the number of β-sheets and α-helices in the enzymatic structure. Fermentative processes or genetic engineering methods are employed for phytase production in transgenic plants or microorganisms. To this end, phytase genes are inserted in transgenic crops to improve the bioavailability of phosphorus. This promising technology aims to improve agricultural efficiency and productivity. Thus, the aim of this review is to present the characterization of the catalytic structure of plant and microbial phytases, phytase genes used in transgenic plants and microorganisms, and their biotechnological applications in animal nutrition, which do not impact negatively on environmental degradation.
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Bloxham D, Dove C, Azain M. Effect of wheat as a feedstuff in starter diets on nursery pig growth performance and digestibility. Livest Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kiarie E, Walsh MC, Romero LF, Baidoo SK. Digestibility responses of growing pigs fed corn plus corn distiller grains or wheat plus wheat coproduct-based diets without or with supplemental xylanase. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-9736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kiarie E, Walsh MC, Nyachoti CM. Performance, digestive function, and mucosal responses to selected feed additives for pigs. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-9835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Park CS, Park I, Kim BG. Effects of an enzyme cocktail on digestible and metabolizable energy concentrations in barley, corn, and wheat fed to growing pigs. Livest Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Nutrient digestibility, digesta volatile fatty acids, and intestinal bacterial profile in growing pigs fed a distillers dried grains with solubles containing diet supplemented with a multi-enzyme cocktail. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Jakobsen GV, Jensen BB, Knudsen KEB, Canibe N. Improving the nutritional value of rapeseed cake and wheat dried distillers grains with solubles by addition of enzymes during liquid fermentation. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Swiatkiewicz S, Swiatkiewicz M, Arczewska-Wlosek A, Jozefiak D. Efficacy of feed enzymes in pig and poultry diets containing distillers dried grains with solubles: a review. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2015; 100:15-26. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Swiatkiewicz
- National Research Institute of Animal Production; Balice Poland
| | - M. Swiatkiewicz
- National Research Institute of Animal Production; Balice Poland
| | | | - D. Jozefiak
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management; Poznan University of Life Sciences; Poznan Poland
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Zhang Y, Xu X, Zhou X, Chen R, Yang P, Meng Q, Meng K, Luo H, Yuan J, Yao B, Zhang W. Overexpression of an acidic endo-β-1,3-1,4-glucanase in transgenic maize seed for direct utilization in animal feed. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81993. [PMID: 24391711 PMCID: PMC3876984 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incorporation of exogenous glucanase into animal feed is common practice to remove glucan, one of the anti-nutritional factors, for efficient nutrition absorption. The acidic endo-β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (Bgl7A) from Bispora sp. MEY-1 has excellent properties and represents a potential enzyme supplement to animal feed. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Here we successfully developed a transgenic maize producing a high level of Bgl7AM (codon modified Bgl7A) by constructing a recombinant vector driven by the embryo-specific promoter ZM-leg1A. Southern and Western blot analysis indicated the stable integration and specific expression of the transgene in maize seeds over four generations. The β-glucanase activity of the transgenic maize seeds reached up to 779,800 U/kg, about 236-fold higher than that of non-transgenic maize. The β-glucanase derived from the transgenic maize seeds had an optimal pH of 4.0 and was stable at pH 1.0-8.0, which is in agreement with the normal environment of digestive tract. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE Our study offers a transgenic maize line that could be directly used in animal feed without any glucanase production, purification and supplementation, consequently simplifying the feed enzyme processing procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolu Xu
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojin Zhou
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Rumei Chen
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Peilong Yang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qingchang Meng
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Kun Meng
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Huiying Luo
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Yuan
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Bin Yao
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (BY); (ZW)
| | - Wei Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (BY); (ZW)
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