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Yang P, Wang H, Ma L, Yin H, Zhu Z, Liu C, Huang W, Zhou Z, Wu X, Taj S. The Optimum Dietary Phenylalanine Requirement of Hybrid Grouper ( Epinephelusfuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinepheluslanceolatus ♂) Juveniles: Effects on Growth Performance, Gut Micromorphology, and Antioxidation. AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2023; 2023:9155290. [PMID: 37520289 PMCID: PMC10374384 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9155290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The optimum phenylalanine (Phe) requirement for hybrid grouper (Epinephelusfuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinepheluslanceolatus ♂) juveniles was determined through an 8-week growth trial. A total of seven isoenergetic (340 kcal per 100 g of dry matter), isonitrogenous, and isolipidic diets were made, containing 8.2 (Phe 8.2), 9.2 (Phe 9.2), 10.1 (Phe 10.1), 11.2 (Phe 11.2), 13.3 (Phe 13.3), 15.2 (Phe 15.2), and 17.3 g/kg (Phe 17.3), respectively. Triplicate tanks of juvenile fish (about 16.7 g/fish) were fed each experimental diet twice daily until apparent satiation. The results indicated that different dietary Phe levels significantly influenced weight gain percentage (WG), feed efficiency (FE), protein efficiency ratio (PER), as well as, productive protein value (PPV). Fish fed Phe 8.2 had the lowest WG or PPV among all experimental treatments. Furthermore, the optimal dietary Phe level increased fold height, width, enterocyte, and microvillus height of fish. The Phe 10.1 group exhibited higher growth hormone (GH) expression in the pituitary compared to other groups. Expression of hepatic insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and growth hormone receptor 1 (GHR1) displayed a similar pattern of variation to that of GH. The Phe 13.3 group had lower expression of S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) and target of rapamycin (TOR) than other groups. In addition, fish fed Phe 10.1 had lower levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2 (Nrf2) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in the head kidney, and Cu/Zn-superoxide (Cu/ZnSOD) dismutases in the midgut compared to fish fed other Phe levels. Generally, optimal Phe content in the diet of hybrid grouper was estimated to be 12.7 g/kg of dry matter (27.3 g/kg of dietary protein), and at this level, the feed utilization, gut micromorphology, and immunity of fish were also elevated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinxian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
- Animal Feed Science Research Institute, New Hope Liuhe Co. Ltd, Chengdu, China
- Huzhou Haihuang Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Huzhou, China
| | - Haijiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Lei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Haoran Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Zhanying Zhu
- Animal Feed Science Research Institute, New Hope Liuhe Co. Ltd, Chengdu, China
- Huzhou Haihuang Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Huzhou, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Animal Feed Science Research Institute, New Hope Liuhe Co. Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Animal Feed Science Research Institute, New Hope Liuhe Co. Ltd, Chengdu, China
- Huzhou Haihuang Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Huzhou, China
| | - Zhiyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Sehrish Taj
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
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Nematbakhsh S, Selamat J, Idris LH, Abdull Razis AF. Chicken Authentication and Discrimination via Live Weight, Body Size, Carcass Traits, and Breast Muscle Fat Content Clustering as Affected by Breed and Sex Varieties in Malaysia. Foods 2021; 10:foods10071575. [PMID: 34359445 PMCID: PMC8303480 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the high demand for village chickens in Malaysia leads to the fraudulent substitution of indigenous chickens with other cheaper counterparts. Discriminating different chicken breeds based on their phenotypic characteristics is one strategy to avoid chicken adulteration. The main objective of this study was to authenticate and group dominant chicken breeds in Malaysia, including commercial chickens (Cobb, Hubbard, DeKalb) and cross-bred village chickens (Ayam Kampung, Akar Putra). The further discrimination of village chickens from underaged colored broilers (UCBs) (Hubbard, Sasso) was performed based on phenotype traits. The results showed that the breed had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on phenotypic characteristics, while the sex effect was not significant for some characteristics. In the first phase, the most remarkable discriminating factors were abdominal fat weight, breast muscle weight, chest circumference, shank length, and wingspan. However, in the second phase, notable variations in phenotypic characteristics between village chickens and UCBs were not detected. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed the successful separation of village chickens from high-performance breeds (broiler and colored broiler). Nevertheless, there was overlap among observations for Sasso and village chickens, which approved the possible similarities in their phenotypic characteristics. This study showed clear breed clustering, which leads to the chicken authentication based on their phenotypic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Nematbakhsh
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.N.); (J.S.)
| | - Jinap Selamat
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.N.); (J.S.)
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lokman Hakim Idris
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.N.); (J.S.)
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
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Sinpru P, Bunnom R, Poompramun C, Kaewsatuan P, Sornsan S, Kubota S, Molee W, Molee A. Association of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor I genotype with body weight, dominance of body weight, and mRNA expression in Korat slow-growing chickens. Anim Biosci 2021; 34:1886-1894. [PMID: 33705631 PMCID: PMC8563241 DOI: 10.5713/ab.20.0729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) play a critical role in animal growth rates. We aimed to investigate the effect of GH and IGF-I genotypes on body weight (BW), dominance, and gene expression in slow-growing chickens at different ages. Methods A total of 613 Korat chickens (KRs) were bred and divided into three groups by genotype – A1A1, A1A3, and A3A3 for GH and AA, AC, and CC for IGF-I. Chickens were weighed every two weeks, and liver and breast muscle tissues were collected at 10 weeks of age. Genetic parameters of KRs were estimated using ASReml software. The GH and IGF-I mRNA levels were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Significant differences between traits were analyzed using the generalized linear model. Results A significant effect of GH genotypes on BW was found at most ages, and the A1A1 genotype had the highest value of BW. Compared with the A3A3 genotype, the A1A1 and A1A3 genotypes showed a higher dominance effect at 0 and 2 weeks, and genotype A1A1 had the highest value of dominance at 8 weeks of age. A difference in GH mRNA levels between genotypes was detected in breast muscle at 6 weeks and in the liver tissue at 2 weeks. In the case of IGF-I gene, the AA genotype had the highest BW at the beginning of life. Significant differences in BW dominance were found at 2 weeks. However, IGF-I mRNA levels were not different among genotypes in both breast muscles and liver tissues. Conclusion Our results revealed that GH and IGF-I influence growth, but may not be involved in heterosis. GH can be used as a marker gene in selection programs for growth because the homozygous genotype (A1A1) had the highest BW at all ages. The IGF-I is not a useful marker gene for selection programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpradub Sinpru
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Rujjira Bunnom
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Chotima Poompramun
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Pramin Kaewsatuan
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Sirangkun Sornsan
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Satoshi Kubota
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Wittawat Molee
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Amonrat Molee
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
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He M, Wu P, Chen F, Zhang B, Chen L, Zhang T, Zhang L, Li P, Wang J, Zhang G. Transcriptome analysis of leg muscles in fast and slow growth Bian chickens. Anim Biotechnol 2019; 31:295-305. [PMID: 30961447 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2019.1588129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chicken is popular among consumers in the market, but the mechanism for regulating its growth is still unclear. In this experiment, two groups of Bian chickens of different body weights at 16 weeks of age were studied. The leg muscles were taken for transcriptome sequencing after slaughter. In the differential gene screening, all the genes obtained by sequencing the fast and slow growth groups were screened by Fold Change ≥2 and False Discovery Rate (FDR) <0.05, and 108 differentially expressed genes were obtained. The slow growth group has 17 up-regulated genes and 91 down-regulated genes compared with the fast growing group. Significance analysis of differentially expressed genes in gene ontology (GO) enrichment indicates that there are 65, 16 and 6 significantly enriched entries in the three main categories of biological processes, cellular components and molecular functions (P-value <0.05), respectively. Pathway enrichment analysis yielded three significantly enriched signal pathways: Adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes, Cardiac muscle contraction and Tight junction. The experiment would contribute to reveal the molecular mechanism of chicken growth and provide a theoretical basis for improving the performance of Bian chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fuxiang Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bingjie Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Genxi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Insights into phytase-containing transgenic Lemna minor (L.) as a novel feed additive. Transgenic Res 2018; 27:211-224. [DOI: 10.1007/s11248-018-0068-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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