1
|
Zhang L, Wu Z, Kang M, Wang J, Tan B. Utilization of Ningxiang pig milk oligosaccharides by Akkermansia muciniphila in vitro fermentation: enhancing neonatal piglet survival. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1430276. [PMID: 38933035 PMCID: PMC11199860 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1430276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila), an intestinal symbiont residing in the mucosal layer, shows promise as a probiotic. Our previous study found that the abundance of A. muciniphila was significantly higher in Ningxiang suckling piglets compared to other breeds, suggesting that early breast milk may play a crucial role. This study examines A. muciniphila's ability to utilize Ningxiang pig milk oligosaccharides. We discovered that A. muciniphila can thrive on both Ningxiang pig colostrum and purified pig milk oligosaccharides. Genetic analysis has shown that A. muciniphila harbors essential glycan-degrading enzymes, enabling it to effectively break down a broad spectrum of oligosaccharides. Our findings demonstrate that A. muciniphila can degrade pig milk oligosaccharides structures such as 3'-FL, 3'-SL, LNT, and LNnT, producing short-chain fatty acids in the process. The hydrolysis of these host-derived glycan structures enhances A. muciniphila's symbiotic interactions with other beneficial gut bacteria, contributing to a dynamic microbial ecological network. The capability of A. muciniphila to utilize pig milk oligosaccharides allows it to establish itself in the intestines of newborn piglets, effectively colonizing the mucosal layer early in life. This early colonization is key in supporting both mucosal and metabolic health, which is critical for enhancing piglet survival during lactation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longlin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Livestock and Poultry Products of Hunan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, China
| | - Zichen Wu
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Livestock and Poultry Products of Hunan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, China
| | - Meng Kang
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Livestock and Poultry Products of Hunan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Livestock and Poultry Products of Hunan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, China
| | - Bie Tan
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Livestock and Poultry Products of Hunan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Y, Li X, Huang G, Wang H, Chen H, Su Y, Yu K, Zhu W. Propionate stimulates the secretion of satiety hormones and reduces acute appetite in a cecal fistula pig model. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2022; 10:390-398. [PMID: 35949198 PMCID: PMC9356018 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) can regulate appetite by stimulating the secretion of satiety hormones. However, the impact of short-chain fatty acid propionate on the release of gut satiety hormones and appetite regulation in pigs is not completely understood. In this study, 16 pigs were infused with saline or sodium propionate through a fistula in the caecum during a 28-day experimental period. We characterized the effects of propionate administration on peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secretion from colonic tissue, and investigated the role of propionate infusion on the expression of appetite-related genes in the colon and hypothalamus. Further, the direct impact of propionate administration on the expression of orexigenic neuropeptide agouti-related protein (AgRP) in hypothalamic N38 cells was also examined. The results showed that intra-cecal infusion of propionate reduced the short-term feed intake (P < 0.05) but not the long-term feed intake in pigs (P > 0.05). Propionate administration stimulated PYY and GLP-1 release from colon tissue in vivo and ex vivo (P < 0.05). It also upregulated PYY expression in the colonic mucosa (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the GLP-1 and PYY levels in the blood were increased after intra-cecal infusion of propionate at d 28 (P < 0.05). Additionally, intra-cecal infusion of propionate upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of free fatty acid receptor 2/3 (FFAR2/FFAR3) in the colonic mucosa (P < 0.05). Propionate infusion also downregulated the orexigenic AgRP mRNA expression (P < 0.05) and upregulated the anorexigenic cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) mRNA expression (P = 0.09) in the hypothalamus. Moreover, propionate administration directly downregulated AgRP expression in hypothalamic N38 cells in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Collectively, these findings demonstrated that cecal propionate stimulated colonic secretion of satiety hormones and suppressed appetite to reduce the short-term feed intake in pigs. This study highlights that microbial-derived propionate exerts an important role in regulating the physical functions of the host.
Collapse
|
3
|
Li H, Ma L, Li Z, Yin J, Tan B, Chen J, Jiang Q, Ma X. Evolution of the Gut Microbiota and Its Fermentation Characteristics of Ningxiang Pigs at the Young Stage. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11030638. [PMID: 33673705 PMCID: PMC7997423 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The current study described the evolution of the gut microbiota of an indigenous pig breeds, Ningxiang pigs (NXP), from one week before weaning to the end of nursery. The results showed that dietary factors mainly drove the evolution of the microbial community of NXP. Our results contributed to a better understanding of the evolutionary characteristics and influencing factors of the gut microbiota of indigenous pig breeds. Abstract The current study aimed to investigate the evolution of gut microbiota and its influencing factors for NXP in youth. The results showed that Shannon index increased from d 21 to d 28 whereas the ACE index increased from d 21 until d 60. Firmicutes, mainly Lactobacillus dominated on d 21. The Bacteroides and Spirochetes showed highest relative abundance on d 28. Fiber-degrading bacteria, mainly Prevotellaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Muribaculaceae, and Oscillospiraceae_UCG−002, dominated the microbial communities at d 28 and d 35. The microbial communities at d 60 and d 75 contained more Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Terrisporobacter and Oscillospiraceae_UCG−005 than other ages, which had significantly positive correlations with acetate and total SCFAs concentration. In conclusion, the evolution of gut microbiota was mainly adapted to the change of dietary factors during NXP growth. The response of fiber-degrading bacteria at different stages may help NXP better adapt to plant-derived feeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaokang Ma
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0731-84619706; Fax: +86-0731-84612685
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang Y, Chen H, Zhu W, Yu K. Cecal Infusion of Sodium Propionate Promotes Intestinal Development and Jejunal Barrier Function in Growing Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9060284. [PMID: 31141995 PMCID: PMC6617143 DOI: 10.3390/ani9060284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Microbial-derived short-chain fatty acids can exert influence on intestinal development and intestinal barrier function. Usually, it is well known that short-chain fatty acid butyrate provides energy for the colonic cell turnover and maintains the integrity of the colonic epithelium. However, the effect of short-chain fatty acid propionate on intestinal development and jejunal barrier function is given less attention. In this study, we found that cecal infusion of propionate promoted development of the jejunum and colon, and selectively enhanced jejunal tight junction protein expression. These results suggest that propionate by microbial fermentation in the hindgut has an important role in intestinal development and gut health. Abstract Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by microbial fermentation facilitate the differentiation and proliferation of intestinal epithelium. However, the role of individual SCFAs, such as propionate, on intestinal development is still unclear. In the present study, sixteen barrows fitted with a cecal fistula were randomly divided into two groups for cecal infusion of either saline (control group) or sodium propionate (propionate group). After 28 days, the length and the relative weight of intestinal segments were calculated, the intestinal morphology was assessed, and the expression of tight junction protein was measured using qPCR and Western blotting. Compared to the saline group, the length of the colon was significantly increased in the propionate group (p < 0.05). The jejunal villi length and villi/crypt ratio in the propionate group were significantly higher than in the saline group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, propionate infusion significantly upregulated the mRNA levels of Claudin-4 and the expression of Claudin-1, Claudin-4, and Occludin protein in the jejunal mucosa (p < 0.05). Collectively, these findings revealed that the short-chain fatty acid propionate in the hindgut contributed to intestinal development, and selectively enhanced jejunal tight junction protein expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Huizi Chen
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Weiyun Zhu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Kaifan Yu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang Y, Pei Y, Guan H, Wei S, Wu H, Zhou Y, Pei J, Chen L, Wang Y, Chen Y, Han Q, Wang D, Wang D. Stability and Pharmacological Effects of Gene-Recombinant Wild Type and Mutant Human Adrenocorticotropic Hormone. Pharm Res 2017; 34:793-799. [PMID: 28127707 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2107-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is the only medicine for treating infantile spasms, however, it is catabolized rapidly. In order to make an ACTH derivative with prolonged effects, we prepared genetically engineered wild type (WT) and mutant ACTH candidates based on protease database analysis, and compared their stability and pharmacological effects. METHODS For analysis of stability, serum concentration of WT and mutant ACTH candidates were tested at different time after intravenous injection, and elimination curves were calculated to compare pharmacokinetic properties of WT and E5D-mutant ACTH. For comparison of their pharmacological effects, levels of glucocorticoids (GC) in the blood serum and secreted from cultured Y1 mouse adrenal cells were tested, and their effects on the signaling pathway mediating the expression of genes critical for GC synthesis were analyzed. The effects of ACTHs on transcription levels of the genes involved in GC synthesis were tested by qPCR. RESULTS The blood concentration of E5D ACTH is higher than the WT after injection, and E5D mutation increased the t1/2 and AUC of ACTH. Pharmacological experiments showed that the effects of E5D and Y2S mutant ACTH on the production of GC and the critical signal transduction were equivalent to those of WT. WT, E5D and Y2S ACTH also have similar effects on the transcriptional levels of the genes for GC synthesis, including STAR, P450-scc, 3β-HSD, and SF-1. CONCLUSION The stability of E5D mutant ACTH is higher than WT ACTH. The pharmacological effects of E5D ACTH is equivalent to those of WT ACTH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonglin Huang
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Hainan Province Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Hainan, 570208, China
| | - Yechun Pei
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Hainan Province Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Hainan, 570208, China
| | - Huai Guan
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Hainan Province Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Hainan, 570208, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wei
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Hainan Province Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Hainan, 570208, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Hainan Province Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Hainan, 570208, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Hainan Province Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Hainan, 570208, China.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Jinli Pei
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Hainan Province Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Hainan, 570208, China
| | - Lintao Chen
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Hainan Province Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Hainan, 570208, China
| | - Yuerong Wang
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Hainan Province Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Hainan, 570208, China
| | - Yibo Chen
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Hainan Province Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Hainan, 570208, China
| | - Qian Han
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Hainan Province Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Hainan, 570208, China
| | - Daming Wang
- Qiqihar Teachers College, Heilongjiang, 161005, China.
| | - Dayong Wang
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Hainan Province Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Hainan, 570208, China.
| |
Collapse
|