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Mancin E, Sartori C, Guzzo N, Tuliozi B, Mantovani R. Selection Response Due to Different Combination of Antagonistic Milk, Beef, and Morphological Traits in the Alpine Grey Cattle Breed. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:1340. [PMID: 34066815 PMCID: PMC8151928 DOI: 10.3390/ani11051340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Selection in local dual-purpose breeds requires great carefulness because of the need to preserve peculiar traits and also guarantee the positive genetic progress for milk and beef production to maintain economic competitiveness. A specific breeding plan accounting for milk, beef, and functional traits is required by breeders of the Alpine Grey cattle (AG), a local dual-purpose breed of the Italian Alps. Hereditability and genetic correlations among all traits have been analyzed for this purpose. After that, different selection indexes were proposed to identify the most suitable for this breed. Firstly, a genetic parameters analysis was carried out with different datasets. The milk dataset contained 406,918 test day records of milk, protein, and fat yields and somatic cells (expressed as SCS). The beef dataset included performance test data conducted on 749 young bulls. Average daily gain, in vivo estimated carcass yields, and carcass conformation (SEUROP) were the phenotypes obtained from the performance tests. The morphological dataset included 21 linear type evaluations of 11,320 first party cows. Linear type traits were aggregated through factor analysis and three factors were retained, while head typicality (HT) and rear muscularity (RM) were analyzed as single traits. Heritability estimates (h2) for milk traits ranged from 0.125 to 0.219. Analysis of beef traits showed h2 greater than milk traits, ranging from 0.282 to 0.501. Type traits showed a medium value of h2 ranging from 0.238 to 0.374. Regarding genetic correlation, SCS and milk traits were strongly positively correlated. Milk traits had a negative genetic correlation with the factor accounting for udder conformations (-0.40) and with all performance test traits and RM. These latter traits showed also a negative genetic correlation with udder volume (-0.28). The HT and the factor accounting for rear legs traits were not correlated with milk traits, but negatively correlated with beef traits (-0.32 with RM). We argue that the consequence of these results is that the use of the current selection index, which is mainly focused on milk attitude, will lead to a deterioration of all other traits. In this study, we propose more appropriate selection indexes that account for genetic relationships among traits, including functional traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Mancin
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy; (C.S.); (B.T.); (R.M.)
| | - Cristina Sartori
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy; (C.S.); (B.T.); (R.M.)
| | - Nadia Guzzo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy;
| | - Beniamino Tuliozi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy; (C.S.); (B.T.); (R.M.)
| | - Roberto Mantovani
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy; (C.S.); (B.T.); (R.M.)
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Raza SHA, Liu GY, Zhou L, Gui LS, Khan R, Jinmeng Y, Chugang M, Schreurs NM, Ji R, Zan L. Detection of polymorphisms in the bovine leptin receptor gene affects fat deposition in two Chinese beef cattle breeds. Gene 2020; 758:144957. [PMID: 32683081 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Leptin receptor (LEPR) gene play a pivotal role in the regulation of fat deposition and energy homeostasis. This study investigated the presence and frequency of polymorphisms of bovine LEPR gene and determine whether the polymorphisms are associated with the fat deposition in two Chinese beef cattle breeds. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions identified that the expression of LEPR gene was highest in the liver and subcutaneous fat. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified including g.24169C > T, g.24256T > A, g.24267 G > C and g.24413T > A. A greater backfat thickness was associated with the AA genotype of g.24256T > A compared to the TT genotype. A greater intramuscular fat content was associated with the GG genotype of g.24267 G > C compared to the CC genotype. Both g.24169C > T and g.24413T > A were not correlated with fat deposition. These results indicated that the SNP g.24256T > A and g.24267 G > C of LEPR gene may be useful markers for genetic improvement of fat deposition in Chinese beef cattle breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Gui-Yao Liu
- Poyang Lake Eco-economy Research Center, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province 332005, PR China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, PR China
| | - Lin-Sheng Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, PR China
| | - Rajwali Khan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yang Jinmeng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Mei Chugang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Nicola M Schreurs
- Animal Science, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Rodany Ji
- Utah State University, School of Animal Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Linsen Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China.
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Zhou J, Liu L, Chen CJ, Zhang M, Lu X, Zhang Z, Huang X, Shi Y. Genome-wide association study of milk and reproductive traits in dual-purpose Xinjiang Brown cattle. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:827. [PMID: 31703627 PMCID: PMC6842163 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6224-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dual-purpose cattle are more adaptive to environmental challenges than single-purpose dairy or beef cattle. Balance among milk, reproductive, and mastitis resistance traits in breeding programs is therefore more critical for dual-purpose cattle to increase net income and maintain well-being. With dual-purpose Xinjiang Brown cattle adapted to the Xinjiang Region in northwestern China, we conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to dissect the genetic architecture related to milk, reproductive, and mastitis resistance traits. Phenotypic data were collected for 2410 individuals measured during 1995–2017. By adding another 445 ancestors, a total of 2855 related individuals were used to derive estimated breeding values for all individuals, including the 2410 individuals with phenotypes. Among phenotyped individuals, we genotyped 403 cows with the Illumina 150 K Bovine BeadChip. Results GWAS were conducted with the FarmCPU (Fixed and random model circulating probability unification) method. We identified 12 markers significantly associated with six of the 10 traits under the threshold of 5% after a Bonferroni multiple test correction. Seven of these SNPs were in QTL regions previously identified to be associated with related traits. One identified SNP, BovineHD1600006691, was significantly associated with both age at first service and age at first calving. This SNP directly overlapped a QTL previously reported to be associated with calving ease. Within 160 Kb upstream and downstream of each significant SNP identified, we speculated candidate genes based on functionality. Four of the SNPs were located within four candidate genes, including CDH2, which is linked to milk fat percentage, and GABRG2, which is associated with milk protein yield. Conclusions These findings are beneficial not only for breeding through marker-assisted selection, but also for genome editing underlying the related traits to enhance the overall performance of dual-purpose cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghang Zhou
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.,Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Liyuan Liu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.,Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Chunpeng James Chen
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Menghua Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xin Lu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhiwu Zhang
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.
| | - Xixia Huang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China.
| | - Yuangang Shi
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.
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Tait RG, Cushman RA, McNeel AK, Casas E, Smith TP, Freetly HC, Bennett GL. μ-Calpain (CAPN1), calpastatin (CAST), and growth hormone receptor (GHR) genetic effects on Angus beef heifer performance traits and reproduction. Theriogenology 2018; 113:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Jecminkova K, Müller U, Kyselova J, Sztankoova Z, Zavadilova L, Stipkova M, Majzlik I. Association of leptin, toll-like receptor 4, and chemokine receptor of interleukin 8 C-X-C motif single nucleotide polymorphisms with fertility traits in Czech Fleckvieh cattle. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2018; 31:1721-1728. [PMID: 29642663 PMCID: PMC6212755 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.17.0900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective The use of genetic markers can help to enhance reproduction in cattle, which is a very important trait for profitability in dairy production systems. This study evaluated the association between genotypes of leptin (LEP), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and chemokine receptor of interleukin 8 C-X-C motif (CXCR1) genes and fertility traits in Czech Fleckvieh cattle. Methods Phenotypic data from 786 Czech Fleckvieh cows raised on 5 farms in the Czech Republic were used, along with information from the 1st three parities. To determine genotype, the polymerase chain reaction– restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used. Results Except for LEP g.-963C>T, all studied genotype frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were distributed according to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Two LEP SNPs (g.-963C>T and c.357C>T) were associated with the age at the 1st calving, days open (DO), pregnancy rate after 1st service (PR), and calving interval (CLI). In LEP g.-963C>T the TT genotype heifers firstly calved 24 days earlier than CC genotype and the CT genotype cow showed a tendency for shorter DO and higher PR. In LEP c.357C>T we observed longer CLI and DO period in TT cows. In general, we can propose the TT genotype of g.-963C>T as favorable and the TT genotype of c.357C>T as unfavorable for a cow’s fertility. Heterozygotes in TLR4 c.-226C>G were significantly associated with shorter CLI, and presented a nonsignificant tendency to be associated with higher PR. In CXCR1 c.777 C>G, we did not observe any relationship of this SNP with reproduction. Conclusion Overall, the results showed that LEP could be an effective marker for improving reproduction in Czech Fleckvieh cattle. This study also provides novel insights into the relationship between TLR4 and CXCR1 SNPs and reproduction in dual-purpose cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Jecminkova
- Institute of Animal Science, Prague 10400, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Agrobiology Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Uwe Müller
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 100 99, Germany
| | - Jitka Kyselova
- Institute of Animal Science, Prague 10400, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | - Ivan Majzlik
- Faculty of Agrobiology Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague 16500, Czech Republic
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Chessa S, Giambra IJ, Brandt H, Caroli AM, Gootwine E, Erhardt G. Genetic diversity within economically important loci in European, Middle Eastern, and African sheep breeds: An insight into their development. Small Rumin Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2017.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Ardicli S, Dincel D, Samli H, Balci F. Effects of polymorphisms at <i>LEP</i>, <i>CAST</i>, <i>CAPN1</i>, <i>GHR</i>, <i>FABP4</i> and <i>DGAT1</i> genes on fattening performance and carcass traits in Simmental bulls. Arch Anim Breed 2017. [DOI: 10.5194/aab-60-61-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at six candidate genes (LEP, CAST, CAPN1, GHR, FABP4 and DGAT1) on fattening performance and carcass traits of Simmental bulls in Turkey. The analysis covered a total of 81 Simmental bulls grown on a private farm that were randomly selected for their fattening period for use in this study. Genotyping was performed using the PCR-RFLP method. The S20T polymorphism at the CAST gene and the G316A polymorphism at the CAPN1 gene were associated with variation in final weight, fattening period, weight gain and average daily gain (P < 0.05). In addition, LEP A80V had a significant effect on hot and chilled carcass weight and dressing percentage (P < 0.05). There was no association between GHR S555G, FABP4 V110M and DGAT1 K232A markers with the traits analysed. These results suggested that focusing on the novel effects of LEP, CAST and CAPN1 gene polymorphisms on meat production traits might be useful for marker-assisted selection in Simmental cattle.
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Macciotta N, Gaspa G, Bomba L, Vicario D, Dimauro C, Cellesi M, Ajmone-Marsan P. Genome-wide association analysis in Italian Simmental cows for lactation curve traits using a low-density (7K) SNP panel. J Dairy Sci 2015; 98:8175-85. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-9500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Sandri M, Stefanon B, Loor J. Transcriptome profiles of whole blood in Italian Holstein and Italian Simmental lactating cows diverging for genetic merit for milk protein. J Dairy Sci 2015; 98:6119-27. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-9049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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