1
|
Wen X, Jiang Z, Yang X, Xiao H, Gao K, Wang L. Effect of Dietary Standardized Ileal Digestible Arginine to Lysine Ratio on Reproductive Performance, Plasma Biochemical Index, and Immunity of Gestating Sows. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2688. [PMID: 39335277 PMCID: PMC11428531 DOI: 10.3390/ani14182688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the optimal SID Arg: Lys ratio for maximizing the reproductive performance, immunity and biochemical parameters of sows during gestation, the colostrum composition, and the performance of their offspring. A total of 174 multiparous sows were randomly allocated to five treatment groups varying in dietary SID Arg: Lys ratios (0.91, 1.02, 1.14, 1.25 and 1.38) through modification of the levels of Arg or alanine supplementation (the total level of nitrogen was the same in all treatments). The results showed that increasing the dietary SID Arg: Lys ratio increased the number of piglets born alive (p < 0.05, linear and quadratic). The number of stillborn piglets, the birth weight variation of born alive piglets, the birth interval (p < 0.05, linear and quadratic) and the number of mummies (p < 0.05, quadratic) reduced with increasing the dietary SID Arg: Lys ratio. Broken-line regression analysis indicated that the optimal SID Arg: Lys ratio requirement for gestating sows to maximize the number of piglets born alive was 1.25. The content of non-fat solid, total solid, protein, and energy in colostrum increased linearly and quadratically (p < 0.05) with increasing dietary SID Arg: Lys ratio. Additionally, when increasing the dietary SID Arg: Lys ratio, the concentration of IgA (p < 0.05, quadratic) and IgM (p < 0.05, linear and quadratic) of plasma increased at day 90 of gestation; IgG (p < 0.05, linear and quadratic) concentration increased at day 110 of gestation of sows. The dietary SID Arg: Lys ratio had an increasing effect (p < 0.05, linear and quadratic) on plasma insulin levels at day 90 of gestation. Furthermore, there were increases in plasma concentrations of nitric oxide and ornithine at day 110 of gestation, Arg at day 90 and 110 of gestation (p < 0.05, linear and quadratic) and total protein at day 110 of gestation (p < 0.05, linear) with increasing dietary SID Arg: Lys ratio. The results of our study indicated that increases in the dietary SID Arg: Lys ratio during gestation resulted in an increase in the number of piglets born alive, a decrease in birth intervals, and an improvement in immunity and colostrum composition. The optimal SID Arg: Lys ratio for gestating sows to maximize the number of piglets born alive was 1.25.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kaiguo Gao
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, 1 Dafeng 1st Street, Guangzhou 510640, China; (X.W.); (Z.J.); (X.Y.); (H.X.)
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, 1 Dafeng 1st Street, Guangzhou 510640, China; (X.W.); (Z.J.); (X.Y.); (H.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao L, Lu W, Mao Z, Mou D, Huang L, Yang M, Ding D, Yan H, Fang Z, Che L, Zhuo Y, Jiang X, Xu S, Lin Y, Li J, Huang C, Zou Y, Li L, Wu D, Feng B. Maternal VD 3 supplementation during gestation improves intestinal health and microbial composition of weaning piglets. Food Funct 2022; 13:6830-6842. [PMID: 35687102 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04303j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D3 (VD3) has been reported to improve the reproductive performance of sows. This study was conducted to investigate the long-term effect of maternal VD3 supplementation during gestation on the intestinal health of piglets. Twenty-three Landrace × Yorkshire gilts were randomly allocated into two groups to receive one of the following two diets during gestation: basal diet (CON group, 800 IU VD3 per kg diet, n = 12) and VD3 supplemented diet (VD3 group, 2000 IU VD3 per kg diet, n = 11). All sows were then fed with the same diet during lactation. Results showed that maternal VD3 supplementation during lactation tended to decrease (p = 0.08) the body weight loss of sows during lactation compared to the CON group. Besides, the relative length and weight of the small intestine (SI) and the villus height of the duodenum and ileum in weaning piglets were much higher (p < 0.05) in the VD3 group than those in the CON group, though their body weight was not changed. Meanwhile, maternal VD3 supplementation significantly upregulated the expression levels of IGF-1, IGF-2R, VDR, GLUT-2 and CAT1 in the duodenum (p < 0.05), and increased the expression levels of IGF-1, IGF-1R, IGF-2R, VDR, Occludin, ZO-1, MUC2, PEPT1 and CAT1 (p < 0.05) in the jejunum of suckling piglets compared with the CON group. Besides, the concentration of SigA in the jejunum of suckling piglets was higher (p < 0.05) in the VD3 group than that in the CON group. In addition, maternal VD3 supplementation significantly increased the contents of short chain fatty acids and the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Faecalibacterium (p < 0.05) in the feces of weaning piglets compared to the CON group. Moreover, the relative abundance of unidentified_Lachnospiraceae in the feces of weaning piglets tended to be higher (p = 0.05), while that of unidentified_Spirochaetaceae was lower (p < 0.05) in the VD3 group than those in the CON group. Taken together, maternal VD3 supplementation during gestation could improve the intestinal function and microbiota in suckling piglets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lianpeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, No. 6 Teaching Building, Room 604, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Wei Lu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, No. 6 Teaching Building, Room 604, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Zhengyu Mao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, No. 6 Teaching Building, Room 604, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Daolin Mou
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, No. 6 Teaching Building, Room 604, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Long Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, No. 6 Teaching Building, Room 604, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, No. 6 Teaching Building, Room 604, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Dajiang Ding
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, No. 6 Teaching Building, Room 604, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Hui Yan
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, No. 6 Teaching Building, Room 604, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Zhengfeng Fang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, No. 6 Teaching Building, Room 604, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Lianqiang Che
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, No. 6 Teaching Building, Room 604, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Yong Zhuo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, No. 6 Teaching Building, Room 604, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Xuemei Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, No. 6 Teaching Building, Room 604, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Shengyu Xu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, No. 6 Teaching Building, Room 604, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, No. 6 Teaching Building, Room 604, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, No. 6 Teaching Building, Room 604, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Chao Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Lixia Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - De Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, No. 6 Teaching Building, Room 604, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Bin Feng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, No. 6 Teaching Building, Room 604, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| |
Collapse
|