1
|
Malange VNE, Hedermann G, Lausten-Thomsen U, Hoffmann S, Voldstedlund M, Aabakke AJM, Eltvedt AK, Jensen JS, Breindahl M, Krebs L, Christiansen M, Hedley PL. The perinatal health challenges of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases: A narrative review. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1039779. [PMID: 36684933 PMCID: PMC9850110 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1039779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The world has seen numerous infectious disease outbreaks in the past decade. In many cases these outbreaks have had considerable perinatal health consequences including increased risk of preterm delivery (e.g., influenza, measles, and COVID-19), and the delivery of low birth weight or small for gestational age babies (e.g., influenza, COVID-19). Furthermore, severe perinatal outcomes including perinatal and infant death are a known consequence of multiple infectious diseases (e.g., Ebola virus disease, Zika virus disease, pertussis, and measles). In addition to vaccination during pregnancy (where possible), pregnant women, are provided some level of protection from the adverse effects of infection through community-level application of evidence-based transmission-control methods. This review demonstrates that it takes almost 2 years for the perinatal impacts of an infectious disease outbreak to be reported. However, many infectious disease outbreaks between 2010 and 2020 have no associated pregnancy data reported in the scientific literature, or pregnancy data is reported in the form of case-studies only. This lack of systematic data collection and reporting has a negative impact on our understanding of these diseases and the implications they may have for pregnant women and their unborn infants. Monitoring perinatal health is an essential aspect of national and global healthcare strategies as perinatal life has a critical impact on early life mortality as well as possible effects on later life health. The unpredictable nature of emerging infections and the potential for adverse perinatal outcomes necessitate that we thoroughly assess pregnancy and perinatal health implications of disease outbreaks and their public health interventions in tandem with outbreak response efforts. Disease surveillance programs should incorporate perinatal health monitoring and health systems around the world should endeavor to continuously collect perinatal health data in order to quickly update pregnancy care protocols as needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gitte Hedermann
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrik Lausten-Thomsen
- Department of Neonatology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steen Hoffmann
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Anna J. M. Aabakke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Copenhagen University Hospital - North Zealand, Hillerød, Denmark
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna K. Eltvedt
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Global Health Unit, Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen S. Jensen
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Breindahl
- Department of Neonatology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lone Krebs
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Christiansen
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paula L. Hedley
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Brazen Bio, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Misin A, Antonello RM, Di Bella S, Campisciano G, Zanotta N, Giacobbe DR, Comar M, Luzzati R. Measles: An Overview of a Re-Emerging Disease in Children and Immunocompromised Patients. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E276. [PMID: 32085446 PMCID: PMC7074809 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8020276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine, in 2018, around 350,000 measles cases were reported worldwide, which resulted in an estimate of 142,300 deaths from measles. Additionally, in 2017, global measles cases spiked, causing the death of 110,000 people, mostly children under the age of 5 years and immunocompromised adults. The increase in measles incidence is caused by the ongoing reduction of vaccination coverage. This event has triggered public and scientific interest. For this reason, we reviewed the pathophysiology of measles infection, focusing on mechanisms by which the virus spreads systemically through the host organism. By reaching the lymphocytes from the airways through a "trojan horse" strategy, measles induces an immunosuppression status. H and F glycoproteins, both expressed in the envelope, ensure attachment of the virus to host cells and spreading from one cell to another by binding to several receptors, as described in detail. The severity of the disease depends both on the age and underlying conditions of patients as well as the social and health context in which epidemics spread, and is often burdened by sequelae and complications that may occur several years after infection. Particular attention was paid to special groups that are more susceptible to severe or atypical measles. An overview of microbiology, symptoms, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment completes and enriches the review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Misin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASU GI), Via G.L. Gatteri 25/1, 34125 Trieste, Italy; (S.D.B.); (R.L.)
| | - Roberta Maria Antonello
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Stefano Di Bella
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASU GI), Via G.L. Gatteri 25/1, 34125 Trieste, Italy; (S.D.B.); (R.L.)
| | - Giuseppina Campisciano
- SSD of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Via dell’Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (G.C.); (N.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Nunzia Zanotta
- SSD of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Via dell’Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (G.C.); (N.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Daniele Roberto Giacobbe
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino—IRCCS, L.go R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Via A. Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Manola Comar
- SSD of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Via dell’Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (G.C.); (N.Z.); (M.C.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Roberto Luzzati
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASU GI), Via G.L. Gatteri 25/1, 34125 Trieste, Italy; (S.D.B.); (R.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kostinov MP, Shmitko AD, Solovieva IL, Savisko AA, Polischuk VB, Ryzhov AA, Cherdantsev AP. IS A THIRD DOSE OF MEASLES VACCINE NECESSARY - AN IMMUNOLOGIST’S VIEW. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND IMMUNOBIOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.36233/0372-9311-2016-5-88-94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Immunological aspects of features of post-vaccine immune response to measles virus are presented and causal relationships are detected, that lead to the disappearance of protective antibodies against measles virus, as one of the arguments for improvement of vaccination tactics with the aim to increase immune population and enhancement of epidemiologic situation regarding measles in general. At contemporary stage during mass vaccinations against measles a portion of seronegatives among women of reproductive age and newborns (up to 20.1%) with an additional increase of this parameter by 8 - 13% during pathologic course of pregnancy is established. At the age of 12 months portion of seronegatives among children with health deviations reaches 80 - 90.0% against 53.8% - in healthy. Revaccination of children with deviation of health is shown not to result in production of antibodies against measles virus at protective titers in 30.4 - 33.3% of cases, that could facilitate formation of risk groups for measles virus infection during unfavorable epidemic situations. A problem of possible introduction of a third dose of the measles vaccine among the indicated population groups is discussed.
Collapse
|
4
|
Ozsurekci Y, Kara A, Bayhan C, Oncel EK, Takci S, Yolbakan S, Korkmaz A, Korukluoglu G. Cotreatment of congenital measles with vitamin a and intravenous immunoglobulin. Case Rep Infect Dis 2014; 2014:234545. [PMID: 25544912 PMCID: PMC4273528 DOI: 10.1155/2014/234545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the measles vaccine has been part of routine national childhood vaccination programs throughout Europe, measles remains a public health concern. High numbers of cases and outbreaks have occurred throughout the European continent since 2011, and an increasing number of cases have been reported in Turkey since 2012. During a recent measles outbreak in Turkey, 2 pregnant women contracted measles prior to delivering preterm infants at Hacettepe University Hospital. Measles virus genomic RNA and IgM antibodies against measles were detected in the cord blood of infants and mothers in both cases. The infants were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and vitamin A. Transient thrombocytopenia was present in 1 infant and treated with an additional dose of IVIG and vitamin A. The infants were discharged, without complications, within 10 days of birth. The successful treatment of these cases suggests that infants who have been exposed to, or infected with, measles may benefit from cotreatment of vitamin A and IVIG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Ozsurekci
- Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Sıhhıye, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ates Kara
- Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Sıhhıye, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cihangul Bayhan
- Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Sıhhıye, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eda Karadag Oncel
- Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Sıhhıye, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sahin Takci
- Department of Neonatology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sultan Yolbakan
- Turkey Public Health Agency, Virology Reference and Research Laboratory, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Korkmaz
- Department of Neonatology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gulay Korukluoglu
- Turkey Public Health Agency, Virology Reference and Research Laboratory, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bodilis H, Goffinet F, Krivine A, Andrieu T, Anselem O, Tsatsaris V, Rozenberg F, Launay O. Determinants of measles seroprevalence among pregnant women in Paris, France. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20:O501-4. [DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
6
|
Anselem O, Floret D, Tsatsaris V, Goffinet F, Launay O. [Influenza infection and pregnancy]. Presse Med 2013; 42:1453-60. [PMID: 23683385 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2013.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnant woman have an increased risk of respiratory complications and hospitalization related to influenza. The flu, like any systemic infection, may also be responsible for uterine contractions constituting a threat of miscarriage or premature labor according to gestational age at which it occurs. There is no specific recommendation regarding the management of influenza-like illness in pregnant women, but a nasopharyngeal sample can be performed in the presence of respiratory or general symptoms occurring during an epidemic to search influenza and establish if a specific treatment with oseltamivir (Tamiflu(®)). Surveillance in hospital or intensive care unit may be necessary. Vaccination against influenza provides a satisfactory immunity in pregnant women and reduces the risk of respiratory complications. Transplacental passage of maternal antibody protects newborns who are more likely to have severe influenza infection and because the vaccine cannot be administered before the age of 6 months. The available data show good tolerance influenza vaccination performed during pregnancy. Since 2012, vaccination against seasonal influenza is recommended for pregnant women, whatever the stage of pregnancy at the time of the vaccination campaign.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Anselem
- Maternité Port-Royal, université Paris Descartes, DHU risques et grossesse, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, service de gynécologie et obstétrique de Port-Royal, groupe hospitalier Cochin Broca Hôtel-Dieu, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 53, avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France(1).
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Seroprevalence of anti-rubella and anti-measles IgG antibodies in pregnant women in Shiraz, Southern Iran: outcomes of a nationwide measles-rubella mass vaccination campaign. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55043. [PMID: 23383049 PMCID: PMC3561451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Nonimmune pregnant women are at risk of developing congenital rubella syndrome and measles complications. We aimed to identify pregnant women susceptible to rubella or measles in order to determine the need for immunity screening and supplemental immunization in women of childbearing age. Method This seroprevalence survey was conducted by convenience sampling in obstetric hospitals affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (southern Iran). Serum IgG levels were measured by ELISA. Result Mean age of the 175 pregnant women was 27.3±5.3 (range 16 to 42) years. The geometric mean concentration of anti-rubella IgG was 14.9 IU/mL (CI 95%,14.1–15.5), and that of anti-measles IgG was 13.8 IU/mL (CI 95%, 13–14.5). One hundred sixty-eight women (96%) had a protective serologic level (>11 IU/mL) of IgG against rubella, and 143 (81.7%) had a protective level against measles. Except for a significant inverse correlation that was showed by univariate analysis between anti-rubella IgG and the women’s age (P = 0.01), immunity did not correlate with demographic or obstetric characteristics or medical history. There was no significant correlation between anti-rubella and anti-measles IgG levels (P = 0.25). Conclusion Nearly a decade after Iran’s nationwide measles-rubella vaccination campaign for the population aged 5–25 years, most pregnant women up to 34 years of age had humoral immunity against rubella. We recommend rubella immunity screening or catch-up immunization for women older than 35 years who wish to become pregnant, and measles immunity screening and appropriate vaccination for all women of childbearing age.
Collapse
|