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Chéruel F, Jarlier M, Sancho-Garnier H. Effect of cigarette smoke on gustatory sensitivity, evaluation of the deficit and of the recovery time-course after smoking cessation. Tob Induc Dis 2017; 15:15. [PMID: 28261024 PMCID: PMC5329949 DOI: 10.1186/s12971-017-0120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Study results have shown that chronic exposure to cigarette smoke affects the taste function in humans. However, neither the quantitative impact on taste sensitivity nor the time-course of taste recovery on stopping smoking have been precisely examined. METHODS The experimental design included 2 phases, (i) a case-control phase comparing the taste sensitivity level measured by Electrogustometric (EGM) thresholds from various parts of the tongue (locus) between smokers (n = 83) and non-smokers (n = 48), (ii) a follow-up study looking at the taste sensitivity recovery in smokers after smoking cessation (n = 24) and compared with non-smokers. RESULTS Smokers exhibited significantly lower taste sensitivity than non-smokers - the higher the nicotine dependence (Fagerström scores), the lower the taste sensitivity. After smoking cessation, EGM thresholds decreased progressively, and reached the taste sensitivity range of non-smokers depending on locus and time. After 2 weeks a recovery could be observed on the 3 Tip and the 2 edge loci; the recovery in the posterior loci was complete after 9 weeks, and in the dorsal loci recovery was observed only after 2 months or more. CONCLUSIONS Smoking cessation does lead to a rapid recovery of taste sensitivity among smokers, with recovery time found to differ based on the sensitivity of loci of the tongue. The use of EGM could potentially be explored as a motivational tool for smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Chéruel
- Fondation JDB Prévention Cancer, Espace Prévention Santé Antéïa, 2/4 rue du Mont Louvet, 91640 Fontenay Lès Briis, France
- Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay Cedex, 91405 France
| | - Marta Jarlier
- Biometrics Unit, ICM - Montpellier Cancer Institute, Montpellier, France
| | - Hélène Sancho-Garnier
- Fondation JDB Prévention Cancer, Espace Prévention Santé Antéïa, 2/4 rue du Mont Louvet, 91640 Fontenay Lès Briis, France
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Deschenau A, Le Faou AL, Touzeau D. Précarité et sevrage tabagique : réflexions à partir des données de la consultation de tabacologie de l’hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou (AP–HP), Paris. Rev Mal Respir 2017; 34:44-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Khati I, Menvielle G, Chollet A, Younès N, Metadieu B, Melchior M. What distinguishes successful from unsuccessful tobacco smoking cessation? Data from a study of young adults (TEMPO). Prev Med Rep 2015; 2:679-85. [PMID: 26844137 PMCID: PMC4721354 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Smoking prevalence rates among young people are high in many countries. Although attempts to quit smoking increasingly occur in young adulthood, many former smokers relapse. We compared individuals who successfully quit smoking from those who relapsed on socio-demographic, psychological and health factors. METHODS Data come from telephone interviews conducted in 2011 with participants of the TEMPO community-based study (ages 18-37 years, France). To study the likelihood of successful cessation vs. smoking relapse, we restricted the study sample to current or former smokers (n = 600) and conducted multinomial logistic regression analyses. RESULTS 43% of participants were current smokers who never quit for an extended period and, 33% former smokers and 24% current smokers who relapsed after extended cessation. In multivariate analyses female sex, parental status and illegal drug use were associated with both successful and unsuccessful smoking cessation. Factors specifically associated with a low probability of smoking cessation were job strain and symptoms of hyperactivity/inattention, while occupational grade was associated with smoking relapse. CONCLUSIONS Work and family circumstances, co-occurring substance use and psychological difficulties may influence smoking cessation in young adults. These characteristics should be considered by individual and collective interventions aiming to help young smokers quit successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès Khati
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Social Epidemiology Research Team, F-75013 Paris, France; Sorbonne University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Social Epidemiology Research Team, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Gwenn Menvielle
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Social Epidemiology Research Team, F-75013 Paris, France; Sorbonne University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Social Epidemiology Research Team, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Aude Chollet
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Social Epidemiology Research Team, F-75013 Paris, France; Sorbonne University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Social Epidemiology Research Team, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Nadia Younès
- EA 40-47 University of Versailles Saint-Quentin, F-78047 Guyancourt, France; Academic Unit of Psychiatry, Versailles Hospital, F-78157 Le Chesnay, France
| | | | - Maria Melchior
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Social Epidemiology Research Team, F-75013 Paris, France; Sorbonne University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Social Epidemiology Research Team, F-75013 Paris, France
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Merson F, Perriot J, Underner M, Peiffer G, Fieulaine N. [Smoking cessation and social deprivation]. Rev Mal Respir 2014; 31:916-36. [PMID: 25496789 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Smoking is a major of public health policy issue; one in two lifelong smokers will die from a disease related to tobacco use. In France, smoking is responsible for more than 70,000 deaths every year. The benefits linked to stopping smoking include reduced mortality and morbidity related to the use of tobacco. Recent data show an increase in the prevalence of smoking in the lowest socioeconomic population. Tobacco control needs a better understanding of the determinants of smoking in this population, which are also factors in the failure of cessation attempts. Based on international literature, this review specifies the educational and socioeconomic factors involved in tobacco smoking and in the result of an attempt to quit. Its aim is to propose ways to improve the management of smoking cessation in a socially deprived population.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Merson
- Dispensaire Emile-Roux, centre d'aide à l'arrêt du tabagisme, centre de lutte antituberculeuse (CLAT 63), 11, rue Vaucanson, 63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Laboratoire GRePS, institut de psychologie, université de Lyon-2, 69676 Bron, France.
| | - J Perriot
- Dispensaire Emile-Roux, centre d'aide à l'arrêt du tabagisme, centre de lutte antituberculeuse (CLAT 63), 11, rue Vaucanson, 63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - M Underner
- Service de pneumologie, unité de tabacologie, centre de lutte antituberculeuse (CLAT 86), CHU de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France
| | - G Peiffer
- Service de pneumologie, unité de tabacologie, CHR de Metz-Thionville, 57038 Metz, France
| | - N Fieulaine
- Laboratoire GRePS, institut de psychologie, université de Lyon-2, 69676 Bron, France
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