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He M, Zhou X, Wang X. Glycosylation: mechanisms, biological functions and clinical implications. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:194. [PMID: 39098853 PMCID: PMC11298558 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01886-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein post-translational modification (PTM) is a covalent process that occurs in proteins during or after translation through the addition or removal of one or more functional groups, and has a profound effect on protein function. Glycosylation is one of the most common PTMs, in which polysaccharides are transferred to specific amino acid residues in proteins by glycosyltransferases. A growing body of evidence suggests that glycosylation is essential for the unfolding of various functional activities in organisms, such as playing a key role in the regulation of protein function, cell adhesion and immune escape. Aberrant glycosylation is also closely associated with the development of various diseases. Abnormal glycosylation patterns are closely linked to the emergence of various health conditions, including cancer, inflammation, autoimmune disorders, and several other diseases. However, the underlying composition and structure of the glycosylated residues have not been determined. It is imperative to fully understand the internal structure and differential expression of glycosylation, and to incorporate advanced detection technologies to keep the knowledge advancing. Investigations on the clinical applications of glycosylation focused on sensitive and promising biomarkers, development of more effective small molecule targeted drugs and emerging vaccines. These studies provide a new area for novel therapeutic strategies based on glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan He
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Xiangxiang Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 251006, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 251006, China.
- Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
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2
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Kikuchi Y, Shimada H, Yamasaki F, Yamashita T, Araki K, Horimoto K, Yajima S, Yashiro M, Yokoi K, Cho H, Ehira T, Nakahara K, Yasuda H, Isobe K, Hayashida T, Hatakeyama S, Akakura K, Aoki D, Nomura H, Tada Y, Yoshimatsu Y, Miyachi H, Takebayashi C, Hanamura I, Takahashi H. Clinical practice guidelines for molecular tumor marker, 2nd edition review part 2. Int J Clin Oncol 2024; 29:512-534. [PMID: 38493447 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-024-02497-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, rapid advancement in gene/protein analysis technology has resulted in target molecule identification that may be useful in cancer treatment. Therefore, "Clinical Practice Guidelines for Molecular Tumor Marker, Second Edition" was published in Japan in September 2021. These guidelines were established to align the clinical usefulness of external diagnostic products with the evaluation criteria of the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency. The guidelines were scoped for each tumor, and a clinical questionnaire was developed based on a serious clinical problem. This guideline was based on a careful review of the evidence obtained through a literature search, and recommendations were identified following the recommended grades of the Medical Information Network Distribution Services (Minds). Therefore, this guideline can be a tool for cancer treatment in clinical practice. We have already reported the review portion of "Clinical Practice Guidelines for Molecular Tumor Marker, Second Edition" as Part 1. Here, we present the English version of each part of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Molecular Tumor Marker, Second Edition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hideaki Shimada
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Surgery, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Fumiyuki Yamasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Taku Yamashita
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koji Araki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kohei Horimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keigo Yokoi
- Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Cho
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Ehira
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazunari Nakahara
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yasuda
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Isobe
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (Omori), Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsu Hayashida
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shingo Hatakeyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | | | - Daisuke Aoki
- International University of Health and Welfare Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nomura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuji Tada
- Department of Pulmonology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshimatsu
- Department of Patient-Derived Cancer Model, Tochigi Cancer Center Research Institute, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hayato Miyachi
- Faculty of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Nitobe Bunka College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiaki Takebayashi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine (Omori), Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Hanamura
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan
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Cao W, Tang Q, Zeng J, Jin X, Zu L, Xu S. A Review of Biomarkers and Their Clinical Impact in Resected Early-Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4561. [PMID: 37760531 PMCID: PMC10526902 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The postoperative survival of early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients remains unsatisfactory. In this review, we examined the relevant literature to ascertain the prognostic effect of related indicators on early-stage NSCLC. The prognostic effects of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), C-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), or tumour protein p53 (TP53) alterations in resected NSCLC remains debatable. Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue (KRAS) alterations indicate unfavourable outcomes in early-stage NSCLC. Meanwhile, adjuvant or neoadjuvant EGFR-targeted agents can substantially improve prognosis in early-stage NSCLC with EGFR alterations. Based on the summary of current studies, resected NSCLC patients with overexpression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) had worsening survival. Conversely, PD-L1 or PD-1 inhibitors can substantially improve patient survival. Considering blood biomarkers, perioperative peripheral venous circulating tumour cells (CTCs) and pulmonary venous CTCs predicted unfavourable prognoses and led to distant metastases. Similarly, patients with detectable perioperative circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) also had reduced survival. Moreover, patients with perioperatively elevated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the circulation predicted significantly worse survival outcomes. In the future, we will incorporate mutated genes, immune checkpoints, and blood-based biomarkers by applying artificial intelligence (AI) to construct prognostic models that predict patient survival accurately and guide individualised treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibo Cao
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; (W.C.); (Q.T.); (J.Z.); (X.J.); (L.Z.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Quanying Tang
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; (W.C.); (Q.T.); (J.Z.); (X.J.); (L.Z.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jingtong Zeng
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; (W.C.); (Q.T.); (J.Z.); (X.J.); (L.Z.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; (W.C.); (Q.T.); (J.Z.); (X.J.); (L.Z.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Lingling Zu
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; (W.C.); (Q.T.); (J.Z.); (X.J.); (L.Z.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Song Xu
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; (W.C.); (Q.T.); (J.Z.); (X.J.); (L.Z.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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Tahanovich AD, Kauhanka NN, Prohorova VI, Murashka DI, Gotko OV. [Predicting the risk of tumor progression in patients with early stages of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell lung carcinoma based on laboratory parameters]. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2021; 67:507-517. [PMID: 34964445 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20216706507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC) prevails in the structure of the incidence of lung cancer. In patients with I stage NSCLC, only 60-70% overcome the 5-year survival barrier, and at II stage it decreases to 35-40%. The reason for such a high mortality rate is almost always a relapse of the disease. The main histological forms of NSCLC - adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCLC) - differ in the course, protocols and effectiveness of the treatment. Comparative survival data for AK and PCLC are controversial, and reliable biomarkers for determining the risk of tumor progression are lacking. In thus study we have investigated the possibility of using laboratory parameters characterizing the level of some blood proteins involved in carcinogenesis in patients with early stages of AC and SCLC to determine the risk of disease progression. We retrospectively analyzed the duration of the relapse-free period after surgical treatment for one year in 1250 patients (816 with stages I and II of adenocarcinoma, G1-3 and 434 with early stages of SCLC, G1-3). In 81 patients with AC and 36 - with SCLC (stages I-II, G1-3) the level of CYFRA 21-1 and SCC by electrochemiluminescent method, chemokines CXCL5, CXCL8, TPA, pyruvate kinase M2, HIF-1α and hyaluronic acid by enzyme immunoassay, receptors CXCR1, CXCR2, CD44v6 by flow cytometry were determined. Using the Kaplan-Meier graphical analysis, groups of low (stage I G1-2 + stage II G1) and high (stage I G3 + stage II G2-3) risk of tumor progression were identified. In the case of the one-year survival rate of patients with AC was higher than with SCLC. In patients with AC and a high risk of tumor recurrence, compared with a low one, the level of CYFRA 21-1, the mean intensity of fluorescence (MFI) of the CXCR1 receptor in granulocytes, and the relative content of the CXCR2 receptor in lymphocytes were higher. In the case of rapid progression of SCLC in patients, the relative content of the CXCR2 receptor in lymphocytes, the proportion of monocytes equipped with the CD44v6 receptor, and the SCC level were higher than with slow progression. Regression equations, including combinations of the above parameters (threshold value for AC - 0,512, for SCLC - 0,409, sensitivity - 91,9% and 90,0%, specificity - 90,0% and 87,5%, respectively), allow to predict the probability of tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N N Kauhanka
- Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - V I Prohorova
- N.N. Alexandrov Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Lesnoy, Belarus
| | - D I Murashka
- Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - O V Gotko
- N.N. Alexandrov Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Lesnoy, Belarus
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Zhao Z, Peng H, Zhang X, Zheng Y, Chen F, Fang L, Li J. Identification of lung cancer gene markers through kernel maximum mean discrepancy and information entropy. BMC Med Genomics 2019; 12:183. [PMID: 31856830 PMCID: PMC6923882 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-019-0630-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The early diagnosis of lung cancer has been a critical problem in clinical practice for a long time and identifying differentially expressed gene as disease marker is a promising solution. However, the most existing gene differential expression analysis (DEA) methods have two main drawbacks: First, these methods are based on fixed statistical hypotheses and not always effective; Second, these methods can not identify a certain expression level boundary when there is no obvious expression level gap between control and experiment groups. METHODS This paper proposed a novel approach to identify marker genes and gene expression level boundary for lung cancer. By calculating a kernel maximum mean discrepancy, our method can evaluate the expression differences between normal, normal adjacent to tumor (NAT) and tumor samples. For the potential marker genes, the expression level boundaries among different groups are defined with the information entropy method. RESULTS Compared with two conventional methods t-test and fold change, the top average ranked genes selected by our method can achieve better performance under all metrics in the 10-fold cross-validation. Then GO and KEGG enrichment analysis are conducted to explore the biological function of the top 100 ranked genes. At last, we choose the top 10 average ranked genes as lung cancer markers and their expression boundaries are calculated and reported. CONCLUSION The proposed approach is effective to identify gene markers for lung cancer diagnosis. It is not only more accurate than conventional DEA methods but also provides a reliable method to identify the gene expression level boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixun Zhao
- Advanced Analytics Institute, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, Sydney, 2007 NSW Australia
| | - Hui Peng
- Advanced Analytics Institute, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, Sydney, 2007 NSW Australia
| | - Xiaocai Zhang
- Advanced Analytics Institute, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, Sydney, 2007 NSW Australia
| | - Yi Zheng
- Advanced Analytics Institute, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, Sydney, 2007 NSW Australia
| | - Fang Chen
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, Sydney, 2007 NSW Australia
| | - Liang Fang
- School of Computer, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073 China
| | - Jinyan Li
- Advanced Analytics Institute, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, Sydney, 2007 NSW Australia
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6
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Hu Y, Ferdosi S, Kapuruge EP, Diaz de Leon JA, Stücker I, Radoï L, Guénel P, Borges CR. Diagnostic and Prognostic Performance of Blood Plasma Glycan Features in the Women Epidemiology Lung Cancer (WELCA) Study. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:3985-3998. [PMID: 31566983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women living in the United States, which accounts for approximately the same percentage of cancer deaths in women as breast, ovary, and uterine cancers combined. Targeted blood plasma glycomics represents a promising source of noninvasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for lung cancer. Here, 208 samples from lung cancer patients and 207 age-matched controls enrolled in the Women Epidemiology Lung Cancer (WELCA) study were analyzed by a bottom-up glycan "node" analysis approach. Glycan features, quantified as single analytical signals, including 2-linked mannose, α2-6 sialylation, β1-4 branching, β1-6 branching, 4-linked GlcNAc, and antennary fucosylation, exhibited abilities to distinguish cases from controls (ROC AUCs: 0.68-0.92) and predict survival in patients (hazard ratios: 1.99-2.75) at all stages. Notable alterations of glycan features were observed in stages I-II. Diagnostic and prognostic glycan features were mostly independent of smoking status, age, gender, and histological subtypes of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueming Hu
- School of Molecular Sciences and The Biodesign Institute , Arizona State University , Tempe , Arizona 85287 , United States
| | - Shadi Ferdosi
- School of Molecular Sciences and The Biodesign Institute , Arizona State University , Tempe , Arizona 85287 , United States
| | - Erandi P Kapuruge
- School of Molecular Sciences and The Biodesign Institute , Arizona State University , Tempe , Arizona 85287 , United States
| | - Jesús Aguilar Diaz de Leon
- School of Molecular Sciences and The Biodesign Institute , Arizona State University , Tempe , Arizona 85287 , United States
| | - Isabelle Stücker
- CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), Cancer and Environment Team, INSERM UMS1018 , University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay , 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Loredana Radoï
- CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), Cancer and Environment Team, INSERM UMS1018 , University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay , 94800 Villejuif, France
- Faculty of Dental Surgery , University Paris Descartes , 75006 Paris , France
| | - Pascal Guénel
- CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), Cancer and Environment Team, INSERM UMS1018 , University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay , 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Chad R Borges
- School of Molecular Sciences and The Biodesign Institute , Arizona State University , Tempe , Arizona 85287 , United States
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Nagamine T, Kadena K, Tomori M, Nakajima K, Iha M. Activation of NK cells in male cancer survivors by fucoidan extracted from Cladosiphon okamuranus. Mol Clin Oncol 2019; 12:81-88. [PMID: 31814980 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2019.1943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer survivors are highly motivated to seek information about the use of dietary supplements and complementary nutritional therapies to improve their quality of life. Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from brown marine alga, exhibits a wide range of bioactivities, including anticancer activity. As natural killer (NK) cells serve an important role in defenses against tumor cells, the present study examined the effects of fucoidan extracted from Cladosiphon Okamuranus on NK cell activity in cancer survivors. A prospective, open-label clinical study was conducted on cancer survivors treated with fucoidan via oral administration; 11 cancer survivors with a performance status of 0 or 1 participated and consumed 3 g of fucoidan for 6 months. No significant changes were observed in the mean activities of NK cells in total subjects following the ingestion of fucoidan. An analysis of each sex revealed that NK cell activity was significantly increased by the ingestion of fucoidan in male, yet not female subjects. Serum fucoidan levels were markedly increased following the ingestion of fucoidan and the peak levels ranged between 30 and 198 ng/ml. Tumor markers remained within the reference range during the trial period in subjects, in whom primary tumors were eradicated by treatment. The basal values of tumor markers were elevated in three cases; tumor markers were increased in two cases and decreased in one by the ingestion of fucoidan. These findings suggest that fucoidan enhances the activation of NK cells in male cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeaki Nagamine
- Department of Nutrition, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0036, Japan
| | - Kizuku Kadena
- South Product Co., Ltd., Uruma, Okinawa 904-2234, Japan
| | - Makoto Tomori
- South Product Co., Ltd., Uruma, Okinawa 904-2234, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Nakajima
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8514, Japan
| | - Masahiko Iha
- South Product Co., Ltd., Uruma, Okinawa 904-2234, Japan
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Hara K, Mizuguchi S, Okada S, Izumi N, Tsukioka T, Komatsu H, Ohsawa M, Inaba M, Shibata T, Nishiyama N. Intensity of SLX predicts distance of tumor spread through alveolar spaces in stage I lung adenocarcinoma. Thorac Cancer 2019; 10:832-838. [PMID: 30821130 PMCID: PMC6449254 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor spread through alveolar spaces (STAS) is a recently described invasive pattern associated with the prognosis and recurrence of lung adenocarcinoma. This study was performed to determine whether the presence and distance of STAS can be predicted by the immunohistochemical intensity of SLX, a well‐known cell adhesion protein. Methods In total, 245 patients with pathological stage I lung adenocarcinoma who underwent lobectomy with radical mediastinal lymph node dissection were identified from 1998 to 2012. Recurrence‐free survival (RFS) was compared between patients stratified by STAS and the immunohistochemical intensity of SLX in the main tumor. Patients were divided into three groups based on the intensity of SLX staining: high (n = 108), moderate (n = 48), and low (n = 89). Results STAS was observed in 71 patients (29.0%). Patients with STAS had significantly poorer five‐year RFS (67.1%) than those without STAS (84.8%). Although no relationship was observed between the existence of STAS and SLX intensity, the distance between STAS cells and the main tumor was significantly shorter in the moderate group (median 0.9 mm, range: 0.2–1.2 mm) than in the other two groups (median 1.2 mm, range: 0.4–5.0 mm). The five‐year RFS rates in the high, moderate, and low groups were 80.0%, 96.0%, and 75.8%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that pathological stage, lymphatic/vascular invasion, and SLX intensity were independent predictors of recurrence. Conclusion SLX staining cannot predict the presence of STAS; however, it can predict the distance between STAS and the main tumor in stage I lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kantaro Hara
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Mizuguchi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Izumi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuma Tsukioka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Komatsu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ohsawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mayumi Inaba
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Shibata
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Noritoshi Nishiyama
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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Muley T, He Y, Rolny V, Wehnl B, Escherich A, Warth A, Stolp C, Schneider MA, Meister M, Herth FJ, Dayyani F. Potential for the blood-based biomarkers cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1) and human epididymal protein 4 (HE4) to detect recurrence during monitoring after surgical resection of adenocarcinoma of the lung. Lung Cancer 2019; 130:194-200. [PMID: 30885344 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The biomarkers cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1) and human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) are useful in the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but their combination has not been investigated yet. The objective of this analysis was to evaluate the ability of CYFRA 21-1 and HE4 to predict recurrence as part of follow-up monitoring in patients with adenocarcinoma (ADC) of the lung. MATERIALS AND METHODS Serum samples were collected from patients with stage I-IIIA ADC preoperatively and during follow-up at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months and then every 6-12 months up to 5 years post-R0 resection. Samples were analyzed for CYFRA 21-1 and HE4 via electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. All cases of disease recurrence were verified by imaging. The diagnostic performance of CYFRA 21-1, HE4, and their combination to predict recurrence was assessed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) and corresponding area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS 115 patients with ADC were included (N = 612 biomarker measurements); median age was 63 years; most had stage I-II disease (n = 97; 84.3%). All patients underwent surgical resection; 44 patients (38%) also received adjuvant chemotherapy and 16 (14%) received radiation therapy. At the median timepoint for the last blood sample collection (37 months), 31 patients (27%) had experienced recurrence. Both CYFRA 21-1 and HE4 were able to detect recurrence (AUC and 95% confidence interval [CI]): 75.9% (66.0-85.8%) and 75.4% (65.9-84.8%), respectively, but this increased with the combination (78.8% [69.0-88.6%]). At a sensitivity of 80%, the respective specificities (95% CI) for CYFRA 21-1, HE4, and the combination were 57.1% (53.0-61.2%), 57.1% (53.0-61.2%), and 69.7% (65.8-73.4%). CONCLUSION Serial measurements of serum CYFRA 21-1 and HE4 levels could provide a valuable method for follow-up monitoring of patients with ADC to detect recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Muley
- Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC) Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany.
| | - Ying He
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | - Arne Warth
- Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC) Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany; Pathological Institute, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Christa Stolp
- Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Marc A Schneider
- Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC) Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany.
| | - Michael Meister
- Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC) Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany.
| | - Felix J Herth
- Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC) Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany; Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany.
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Chen S, Li X, Lv H, Wen X, Ding Q, Xue N, Su H, Chen H. Prognostic Dynamic Nomogram Integrated with Inflammation-Based Factors for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Viral Infection. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:1813-1821. [PMID: 30443185 PMCID: PMC6231224 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.27260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation plays an important role in tumor progression. The aim of this study was to develop an effective predictive dynamic nomogram integrated with inflammation-based factors to predict overall survival (OS) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with chronic hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection. We retrospectively analyzed NSCLC patients with HBV infection from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between 2008 and 2010. Univariate and multivariate Cox survival analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors associated with OS of patients. All of the independent prognostic factors were utilized to build the dynamic nomogram. The predictive accuracy of the dynamic nomogram was evaluated concordance index (C-index), decision curve analysis and were compared with previous reported model and traditional TNM staging system. According to the total points (TPS) by dynamic nomogram, we further stratified patients into different risk groups. A total of 203 patients were included. Multivariate Cox analysis showed TNM stage (P = 0.019), treatment (P < 0.001), C-reactive protein (P = 0.020) and platelet (P = 0.012) were independent prognostic factors of OS. The dynamic nomogram was established by involving all the factors above. The C-index of dynamic nomogram for predicting OS was 0.76 (95%CI: 0.72-0.80), which was statistically higher than that of traditional TNM staging system (0.70, 95%CI: 0.66-0.74, P<0.001). Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the dynamic nomogram was better than the TNM staging system. The predictive accuracy of the current model keeping almost the same accuracy as previous one. Based on the total points (TPS) of dynamic nomogram, we divided the patients into 3 subgroups: low risk (TPS ≤ 107), intermediate risk (107< TPS ≤ 149), and high risk (TPS > 149). The differences of OS rates were significant in the subgroups. We propose a novel dynamic nomogram model based on inflammatory prognostic factors that is highly predictive of OS in NSCLC patients with HBV infection and outperforms the traditional TNM staging system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Hui Lv
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guigang City Pepole's Hospital, Guigang, 537100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Wen
- Department of Urology , the First Municipal Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510180 , P. R. China
| | - Qiuying Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Ning Xue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Tumor Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450100, P. R. China
| | - Hongkai Su
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
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Roointan A, Ahmad Mir T, Ibrahim Wani S, Mati-Ur-Rehman, Hussain KK, Ahmed B, Abrahim S, Savardashtaki A, Gandomani G, Gandomani M, Chinnappan R, Akhtar MH. Early detection of lung cancer biomarkers through biosensor technology: A review. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 164:93-103. [PMID: 30366148 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is undoubtedly one of the most serious health issues of the 21 st century. It is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in both men and women worldwide, accounting for about 1.5 million deaths annually. Despite advances in the treatment of lung cancer with new pharmaceutical products and technological improvements, morbidity and mortality rates remains a significant challenge for the cancer biologists and oncologists. The vast majority of lung cancer patients present with advanced-stage of pathological process that ultimately leads to poor prognosis and a five-year survival rate less than 20%. Early and accurate screening and analysis using cost-effective means are urgently needed to effectively diagnose the disease, improve the survival rate or to reduce mortality and morbidity associated with lung cancer patients. Thus, the only hope for early recognition of risk factors and timely diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer is biosensors technology. Novel biosensing based diagnostics approaches for predicting metastatic risks are likely to have significant therapeutic and clinical impact in the near future. This article systematically provides a brief overview of various biosensing platforms for identification of lung cancer disease biomarkers, with a specific focus on recent advancements in electrochemical and optical biosensors, analytical performances of different biosensors, challenges and further research opportunities for routine clinical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Roointan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tanveer Ahmad Mir
- Division of Biomedical System Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Education, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan; Department of Chemistry and Institute of BioPhysio Sensor Technology (IBST), Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, South Korea; Department of Chemistry, Alfaisal University, Al Zahrawi Street, Al Maather, Al Takhassusi Road, Riyadh, 11533, Saudi Arabia; Toyama Nanotechnology Manufacturing Cluster, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Shadil Ibrahim Wani
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine,Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Mati-Ur-Rehman
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate school of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Japan
| | - Khalil Khadim Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of BioPhysio Sensor Technology (IBST), Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, South Korea; Department of pharmacy, University of central Punjab 1-Khayaban-e-Jinnah, Johar Town, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Ahmed
- Department of Intellectual Information Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Education, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shugufta Abrahim
- Department of Intellectual Information Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Education, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ghazaal Gandomani
- Department of Bioengineering, Biotechnology Research Center, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Molood Gandomani
- Department of pharmacy, University of central Punjab 1-Khayaban-e-Jinnah, Johar Town, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Raja Chinnappan
- Department of Chemistry, Alfaisal University, Al Zahrawi Street, Al Maather, Al Takhassusi Road, Riyadh, 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood H Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of BioPhysio Sensor Technology (IBST), Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, South Korea
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12
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Ferdosi S, Rehder DS, Maranian P, Castle EP, Ho TH, Pass HI, Cramer DW, Anderson KS, Fu L, Cole DEC, Le T, Wu X, Borges CR. Stage Dependence, Cell-Origin Independence, and Prognostic Capacity of Serum Glycan Fucosylation, β1-4 Branching, β1-6 Branching, and α2-6 Sialylation in Cancer. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:543-558. [PMID: 29129073 PMCID: PMC5978412 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycans represent a promising but only marginally accessed source of cancer markers. We previously reported the development of a molecularly bottom-up approach to plasma and serum (P/S) glycomics based on glycan linkage analysis that captures features such as α2-6 sialylation, β1-6 branching, and core fucosylation as single analytical signals. Based on the behavior of P/S glycans established to date, we hypothesized that the alteration of P/S glycans observed in cancer would be independent of the tissue in which the tumor originated yet exhibit stage dependence that varied little between cancers classified on the basis of tumor origin. Herein, the diagnostic utility of this bottom-up approach as applied to lung cancer patients (n = 127 stage I; n = 20 stage II; n = 81 stage III; and n = 90 stage IV) as well as prostate (n = 40 stage II), serous ovarian (n = 59 stage III), and pancreatic cancer patients (n = 15 rapid autopsy) compared to certifiably healthy individuals (n = 30), nominally healthy individuals (n = 166), and risk-matched controls (n = 300) is reported. Diagnostic performance in lung cancer was stage-dependent, with markers for terminal (total) fucosylation, α2-6 sialylation, β1-4 branching, β1-6 branching, and outer-arm fucosylation most able to differentiate cases from controls. These markers behaved in a similar stage-dependent manner in other types of cancer as well. Notable differences between certifiably healthy individuals and case-matched controls were observed. These markers were not significantly elevated in liver fibrosis. Using a Cox proportional hazards regression model, the marker for α2-6 sialylation was found to predict both progression and survival in lung cancer patients after adjusting for age, gender, smoking status, and stage. The potential mechanistic role of aberrant P/S glycans in cancer progression is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Ferdosi
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Douglas S. Rehder
- Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Paul Maranian
- Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Erik P. Castle
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona 85054, United States
| | - Thai H. Ho
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona 85054, United States
| | - Harvey I. Pass
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Daniel W. Cramer
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Karen S. Anderson
- Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Lei Fu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - David E. C. Cole
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Tao Le
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Xifeng Wu
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Chad R. Borges
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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13
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Current and Prospective Protein Biomarkers of Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9110155. [PMID: 29137182 PMCID: PMC5704173 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9110155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a malignant lung tumor with various histological variants that arise from different cell types, such as bronchial epithelium, bronchioles, alveoli, or bronchial mucous glands. The clinical course and treatment efficacy of lung cancer depends on the histological variant of the tumor. Therefore, accurate identification of the histological type of cancer and respective protein biomarkers is crucial for adequate therapy. Due to the great diversity in the molecular-biological features of lung cancer histological types, detection is impossible without knowledge of the nature and origin of malignant cells, which release certain protein biomarkers into the bloodstream. To date, different panels of biomarkers are used for screening. Unfortunately, a uniform serum biomarker composition capable of distinguishing lung cancer types is yet to be discovered. As such, histological analyses of tumor biopsies and immunohistochemistry are the most frequently used methods for establishing correct diagnoses. Here, we discuss the recent advances in conventional and prospective aptamer based strategies for biomarker discovery. Aptamers like artificial antibodies can serve as molecular recognition elements for isolation detection and search of novel tumor-associated markers. Here we will describe how these small synthetic single stranded oligonucleotides can be used for lung cancer biomarker discovery and utilized for accurate diagnosis and targeted therapy. Furthermore, we describe the most frequently used in-clinic and novel lung cancer biomarkers, which suggest to have the ability of differentiating between histological types of lung cancer and defining metastasis rate.
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Postoperative CYFRA 21-1 and CEA as prognostic factors in patients with stage I pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:73115-73122. [PMID: 29069854 PMCID: PMC5641197 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with pathological stage I pulmonary adenocarcinoma have different postoperative prognosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prognostic significance of preoperative and postoperative serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CYFRA 21-1 in patients with pathological stage I pulmonary adenocarcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the data of 123 patients who had undergone a complete resection for pathological stage I pulmonary adenocarcinoma between 2004 and 2014. The clinical data of each patient including age, gender, preoperative and postoperative serum CEA and CYFRA 21-1 levels, and pathologic stage, was collected for analysis. RESULTS The CYFRA 21-1 and CEA level was persistently normal in 80.5% and 77.2% of all patients with p-stage I ADC, respectively. The preoperative level was elevated and postoperative level declined to normal for CYFRA 21-1 and CEA were in 10.6% and 13.0% of all patients, respectively. The postoperative CYFRA 21-1 and CEA level were high in 8.9% and 9.8% of all patients, respectively. The postoperative 5-year survival rate of patients with normal, only preoperative high, and postoperative high CYFRA 21-1 level was 92.6%, 92.3% and 43.8%, respectively. There was a significant difference between postoperative high group and the other two groups (p = 0.002). The postoperative 5-year survival rate of patients with normal, only preoperative high, and postoperative high CEA level was 90.8%, 92.3%, and 70.1%, respectively. There was a significant difference between postoperative high group and the other two groups (p = 0.019). In univariate analysis, degree of differentiation, visceral pleural invasion, tumor size, and pTNM stage, was found to be significant independent prognostic factor (p = 0.014). Multivariate analysis showed that pTNM stage, postoperative CYFRA 21-1 high level, and postoperative CEA high level was related to the poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Patients of p-stage I ADC with postoperative high serum level of either CEA or CYFRA 21-1 had poor prognosis. Carefully followed-up might be necessary to rule out occult metastasis for these patients, and further clinical studies will be necessary to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy or target therapy. Postoperative high serum level of CEA or CYFRA 21-1 might be a subtype of p-stage I ADC.
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15
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Zhao T, Jin Y, Mao G, Wei Y, Wu G, Ye X, Zhou Y, Yuan G, Gao L, Hong Y, Chen Y, Hong C, Zhou H, Su D, Qin Z, Lu L. CYFRA 21-1 is an early predictor of chemotherapeutic effectiveness in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5748. [PMID: 28033287 PMCID: PMC5207583 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1) has been found to be a useful prognostic marker in lung cancer. Previous studies have revealed that change in CYFRA21-1 synchronously predicted therapeutic effectiveness in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after the second cycle of chemotherapy. The objective of this study was to investigate the early predictive value of percentage change in serum CYFRA21-1 from pretreatment to completion of the first cycle of chemotherapy for chemotherapeutic effectiveness in advanced NSCLC patients.Ninety-seven advanced NSCLC patients with elevated serum CYFRA21-1 level (≥3.8 μg/L), who received 2 platinum-containing drugs, were included in this retrospective study. Serum CYFRA21-1 had been assayed before and after the first cycle of chemotherapy. To evaluate the effectiveness of chemotherapy, patients were allocated to disease control (DC) and progressive disease groups. The percentage changes of serum CYFRA21-1 concentration before and after first-cycle chemotherapy that occurred in each group were evaluated for their ability to predict achievement of radiologic DC, that is, to predict therapeutic effectiveness.The percentage change of serum CYFRA21-1 and the prevalence of ≥5% weight loss were higher in patients with progressive disease than in those with DC. The differences in other clinical and pathological variables including age, sex, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, cigarette smoking, histological type, gross type, clinical stage, and chemotherapy regimens of the 2 groups were not significant. Both multiple generalized linear model analysis and linear trend tests indicated that the percentage change of serum CYFRA21-1 concentration was independently and negatively linked to the effectiveness of chemotherapy for NSCLC (P < 0.01). The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of the percentage change in prediction of DC was 0.84 and the optimal cut-off value was17.5% (P < 0.001).The percentage change of serum CYFRA21-1 after completing the first cycle of chemotherapy was predictive of treatment effects and might be helpful in making early decisions to change chemotherapy regimens in patients with advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongwei Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital
| | - Guangyun Mao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Environmental Science & Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University
- Center on Clinical & Epidemiological Eye Research, the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
| | - Yaping Wei
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Environmental Science & Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University
| | - Guoqing Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Xiao Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Yonglie Zhou
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Guorong Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Liang Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Yupeng Hong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Chaojin Hong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Hongying Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Zhiquan Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Liqin Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital
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16
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Prognostic value of the frequency of vascular invasion in stage I non-small cell lung cancer. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2016; 65:32-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s11748-016-0720-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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Influence of Preoperative Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) Level on the Prognosis of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17091474. [PMID: 27598151 PMCID: PMC5037752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work is to analyze preoperative serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and their effect on the prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after surgical operation. These analyses were performed retrospectively in patients with NSCLC followed by surgery; participants were recruited between January 2004 and January 2008. All clinical information and laboratory results were collected from medical records. We explored the association between preoperative serum AST and recurrence-free survival (RFS), and the overall survival (OS) of NSCLC patients. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox multivariate analysis, stratified by the AST median value, were used to evaluate the prognostic effect. A chi-squared test was performed to compare clinical characteristics in different subgroups. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. A total of 231 patients were enrolled. The median RFS and OS were 22 and 59 months, respectively. The AST levels were divided into two groups, using a cut-off value of 19 U/L: High AST (>19 U/L), n = 113 vs. low AST (≤19 U/L), n = 118. Multivariate analysis indicated that preoperative serum AST > 19 U/L (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.685, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.493-0.994, p = 0.046 for RFS, HR = 0.646, 95% CI: 0.438-0.954, p = 0.028 for OS) was an independent prognostic factor for both RFS and OS. High preoperative serum AST levels may serve as a valuable marker to predict the prognosis of NSCLC after operation.
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18
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Mizuguchi S, Iwata T, Izumi N, Tsukioka T, Hanada S, Komatsu H, Nishiyama N. Arterial blood gases predict long-term prognosis in stage I non-small cell lung cancer patients. BMC Surg 2016; 16:3. [PMID: 26976126 PMCID: PMC4791838 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-016-0119-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preoperative hypercapnia and hypoxemia are reportedly risk factors for postoperative complications. This study aimed to establish the long-term survival risk associated with abnormal preoperative arterial blood gases (ABGs) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods This study involved 414 patients with stage I NSCLC who underwent lobectomy/bilobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection. The patients were divided into groups with normal (n = 269) and abnormal (n = 145) ABGs. Results The patients in the normal ABG group (median age 67 years) were significantly younger than those in the abnormal ABG group (median age 70 years). There were no significant differences between the groups in gender, performance status, pathological stage, histology, postoperative complications, or preoperative comorbidity, except for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/pulmonary fibrosis. The 3-, 5- and 10-year survival rates in the normal and abnormal ABG groups were 87, 77 and 56, and 78 , 63 and 42 %, respectively (p = 0.006). According to multivariate analysis, age, gender, performance status, non-adenocarcinoma, differentiation of resected tumor, pathological stage, any prior tumor and abnormal ABGs (risk ratio, 1.61) were independent prognostic factors. Conclusions Abnormal ABGs predict long-term survival risk in patients with NSCLC, which is important for planning therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinjiro Mizuguchi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Takashi Iwata
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Izumi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Takuma Tsukioka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Shoji Hanada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Komatsu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Noritoshi Nishiyama
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
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Kashiwabara K, Semba H, Fujii S, Tsumura S, Aoki R. The Ratio KL-6 to SLX in Serum for Prediction of the Occurrence of Drug-Induced Interstitial Lung Disease in Lung Cancer Patients with Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias Receiving Chemotherapy. Cancer Invest 2015; 33:516-21. [PMID: 26305851 DOI: 10.3109/07357907.2015.1069832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We retrospectively evaluated whether the ratio KL-6 to SLX in serum (K/S ratio) before chemotherapy was a predictor for the occurrence of drug-induced interstitial lung disease (D-ILD) in lung cancer patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs). D-ILD occurred in 8 of 20 IIPs-positive cases and in 14 of 100 IIPs-negative cases (40 vs. 14%, p = .015). In IIPs-positive cases, the high K/S ratio (>20) before first-line chemotherapy had a tendency to increase the risk of D-ILD (p = .085). Serum K/S ratio may be a useful predictor for the occurrence of D-ILD in lung cancer patients with IIPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Kashiwabara
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kumamoto Regional Medical Center , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Semba
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kumamoto Regional Medical Center , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Shinji Fujii
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kumamoto Regional Medical Center , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Shinsuke Tsumura
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kumamoto Regional Medical Center , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Ryota Aoki
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kumamoto Regional Medical Center , Kumamoto , Japan
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Crosbie PAJ, Shah R, Summers Y, Dive C, Blackhall F. Prognostic and predictive biomarkers in early stage NSCLC: CTCs and serum/plasma markers. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2015; 2:382-97. [PMID: 25806257 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2218-6751.2013.09.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Resection of early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) offers patients the best hope of cure, however recurrence rates post-resection remain high suggesting the presence of micro-metastatic disease at the time of surgery undetected by standard staging methods. A critical step in the metastatic cascade is the entry of tumor cells into the circulation enabling their distribution to and seeding of distant organs. This review explores the evidence for predictive and prognostic circulating biomarkers in the early stage NSCLC population. We summarize studies that have explored a variety of targets including circulating proteins, nucleic acids and more recently circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as potentially clinically relevant biomarkers in the early stage setting. Circulating biomarkers may add clinically relevant information about the biological behavior of tumors over and above that provided by pathological staging. Improvement in the stratification of patients according to the likelihood of metastatic relapse after radical treatments such as surgical resection could allow more effective targeting of systemic therapies such as adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip A J Crosbie
- North West Lung Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Wythenshawe, M23 9LT, UK ; ; Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
| | - Rajesh Shah
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Wythenshawe, M23 9LT, UK
| | - Yvonne Summers
- Pulmonary Oncology Unit, University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Wythenshawe, M23 9LT, UK ; ; Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
| | - Caroline Dive
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
| | - Fiona Blackhall
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Manchester, M20 4BX, UK ; ; Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
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Skipworth JRA, Timms JF, Pereira SP. Novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in biliary tract cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 7:487-99. [PMID: 23971898 DOI: 10.1517/17530059.2013.826646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The worldwide incidence of biliary tract carcinoma (BTC, tumours of the bile ducts and gall-bladder) continues to rise, with the only potentially curative treatment remaining surgical resection or transplantation, possible in only a minority of patients. Late presentation and a paucity of effective treatments mandate the development of techniques for early lesion detection. AREAS COVERED This article reviews currently available biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of BTC, as well as recently published studies describing novel serum, bile and urinary biomarkers. EXPERT OPINION The incorporation of novel analysis techniques, such as digital image analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization, into existing management algorithms enhances the accuracy of brush cytology taken at the time of therapeutic endoscopy. However, a key goal is the discovery of reliable non-invasive biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity. Recent advances in gene sequencing and expression, clonal evolution and tumour heterogeneity in other cancers should advance understanding of BTC tumour biology and facilitate biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R A Skipworth
- University College London, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, 4th Floor, 74 Huntley Street, London, WC1E6AU, UK
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22
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Bastawisy AE, azzouny ME, Mohammed G, allah AA, Behiry E. Serum cytokeratin 19 fragment in advanced lung cancer: could we eventually have a serum tumor marker? Ecancermedicalscience 2014; 8:394. [PMID: 24567753 PMCID: PMC3907401 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2014.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lung cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies; however, no serum marker has been routinely recommended until now. METHODS THIS IS A PROSPECTIVE CASE CONTROL STUDY INCLUDING TWO GROUPS OF PATIENTS: Group I-patients with advanced lung cancer and Group II-patients with benign lung disease as control. Serum cytokeratin 19 (CK19) fragment levels were measured at baseline by real-time polymerase chain reaction before first-line chemotherapy. The CK19 cut-off taken was 15-cycle threshold. The primary end point was the comparison of high CK19 in cases and controls. The secondary end point was the correlation between high CK19 and progressive disease (PD), progression-free survival, and overall survival (OS) in advanced lung cancer patients. RESULTS A total of 30 patients with advanced lung cancer (16 non-small and 14 small cell lung cancer) and 15 patients with benign lung disease were included and followed up during the period from October 2008 to October 2011 with median follow-up of one and half years. High CK19 was found in 90% of lung cancer cases as compared with 7% in controls (p < 0.001). High CK19 was found in all cases showing PD (p = 0.04). One-year OS in high CK was 61% as compared with 33% in normal CK (p = 0.1). CONCLUSION Serum CK19 fragment is a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for advanced lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El Bastawisy
- Medical Oncology and Haematology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | | | - Gamal Mohammed
- Clinical Pathology, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt
| | | | - Eman Behiry
- Clinical Pathology, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt
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Komatsu H, Mizuguchi S, Izumi N, Chung K, Hanada S, Inoue H, Suehiro S, Nishiyama N. Sialyl Lewis X as a predictor of skip N2 metastasis in clinical stage IA non-small cell lung cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2013; 11:309. [PMID: 24313932 PMCID: PMC4029375 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-11-309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radical segmentectomy has been performed for small-sized non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, underestimation of mediastinal lymph node metastasis in the absence of hilar or interlobar metastasis (skip N2) affects surgical strategy. Our aim was to investigate preoperative and intraoperative predictors of skip N2 in clinical stage (c-stage) IA NSCLC. Methods From 1998 to 2011, 279 patients (155 men and 124 women) with c-stage IA NSCLC (230 pN0, 17 pN1, 12 skip N2, 20 non-skip N2) underwent systematic lobectomy (R0 resection) at our institute. We compared preoperative serum concentrations of carcinoembryonic antigen, cytokeratin 19 fragment, sialyl Lewis X (SLX), and pre- and intraoperative clinicopathological features of pN0 and skip N2 patients. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to distinguish between the two patient groups. Results The 5-year survival rate of skip N2 patients was 78.6%, higher than that of non-skip N2 patients (44.9%), and not significantly different than that of pN0 (86.7%) or pN1 patients (82.4%). The mean serum SLX concentration in skip N2 patients (28.0 U/ml) was elevated compared to that in pN0 patients (22.9 U/ml). In ROC analysis of SLX, the area under the curve was 0.710, and the optimal cut-off value was 21.4 U/ml (sensitivity, 91.7%; specificity, 51.7%). In multivariate analysis, SLX was an independent predictor of skip N2 in patients with c-stage IA NSCLC (odds ratio, 9.43; p = 0.006). Conclusions Skip N2 metastasis is common in patients with c-stage IA NSCLC with high serum SLX, and lobectomy with complete dissection of hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes should remain the standard surgical procedure for these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Noritoshi Nishiyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
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Bugalho A, Martins C, Dias SS, Nunes G, Silva Z, Correia M, Marques Gomes MJ, Videira PA. Cytokeratin 19, Carcinoembryonic Antigen, and Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Detect Lung Cancer Lymph Node Metastasis in Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Aspiration Samples. Clin Lung Cancer 2013; 14:704-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Yamaguchi S, Ohguri T, Ide S, Aoki T, Imada H, Yahara K, Narisada H, Korogi Y. Stereotactic body radiotherapy for lung tumors in patients with subclinical interstitial lung disease: The potential risk of extensive radiation pneumonitis. Lung Cancer 2013; 82:260-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2013.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Yu D, Du K, Liu T, Chen G. Prognostic value of tumor markers, NSE, CA125 and SCC, in operable NSCLC Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:11145-56. [PMID: 23712355 PMCID: PMC3709724 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140611145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 04/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of tumor markers in operable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. A total of 481 NSCLC patients were enrolled in the present study. High levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC) were detected in 306 (63.6%), 89 (18.5%) and 125 (26.0%) patients, respectively. Seventy-eight of 481 patients died of disease progression, and the median disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 16.0 and 21.0 months, respectively. The three-year DFS rate was 56.7%, and the OS rate was 75.3%. For serum NSE, the three-year cumulative DFS rate for the normal and elevated group was 67.7% and 51.8% (p = 0.007). The OS in patients with high and normal levels of NSE was 34.0 months and 48.0 months, respectively. The median DFS was 46.0 months versus 32.0 months (p = 0.001), and the OS was 48.0 months versus 44.0 months (p = 0.001) in patients with normal and high levels of CA125. For patients with squamous cell carcinoma, the overall survival was significantly shorter in patients with elevated levels of SCC (p = 0.041). In the multivariate analysis high levels of NSE, CA125 and clinical stage were significantly correlated with worse prognosis (p < 0.05). Patients with all three tumor markers elevated presented the worst prognosis (p < 0.05). In our analysis, high levels of preoperative serum NSE and CA125 are correlated with worse survival in operable NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dangfan Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Corps Hospital, Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Jiaxing 314000, China; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +86-573-8285-2851; Fax: +86-573-8285-2853
| | - Kaiqi Du
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial Corps Hospital, Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Jiaxing 314000, China; E-Mail:
| | - Taifeng Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Corps Hospital, Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Jiaxing 314000, China; E-Mail:
| | - Guojun Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Corps Hospital, Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Jiaxing 314000, China; E-Mail:
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Rapid detection of Cyfra 21-1 by optical-biosensing based on chemiluminescence immunoassay using bio-functionlized magnetic nanocomposites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-013-5736-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Kato T, Ishikawa K, Aragaki M, Sato M, Okamoto K, Ishibashi T, Oba K, Kaji M. Optimal predictive value of preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen for surgical outcomes in stage I non-small cell lung cancer: Differences according to histology and smoking status. J Surg Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jso.23293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Ha JS, Sung HY, Kim SY, Lim HM, Kim HK, Park SS. XAGE-1a and XAGE-1d are potential biomarkers of lung squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Chim Acta 2012; 413:1226-31. [PMID: 22515959 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2012.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. We evaluated the diagnostic potential of sera XAGE-1a and XAGE-1d in lung cancer, both of which are variants of the X antigen family, member 1. METHODS The expression levels of XAGE-1a and XAGE-1d in cell lines were determined using western blot analysis. Competitive ELISA was used to analyze XAGE-1a and XAGE-1d levels in culture supernatants and sera from 194 lung cancer patients and 194 healthy sex- and age-group-matched controls. To evaluate the diagnostic performance of these proteins, we also analyzed carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1) in culture supernatants and 388 sera using commercial ELISA kits. RESULTS XAGE-1a and XAGE-1d proteins were expressed in both breast cancer and lung cancer cell lines, but they were only secreted by the latter. The areas under the curves (AUCs) for XAGE-1a and XAGE-1d were 0.787 and 0.806, respectively. The cutoff values (sensitivity, specificity) for XAGE-1a and XAGE-1d were 1.62 ng/ml (0.866, 0.572) and 2.51 ng/ml (0.871, 0.613), respectively. The diagnostic performance was improved for patients with squamous cell carcinoma. The AUC values for XAGE-1a and XAGE-1d for patients with squamous cell carcinoma versus a group containing all healthy participants and patients with any illness other than squamous cell carcinoma were similar to those for CEA and CYFRA 21-1. Better performance (AUC: 0.914) for all patients was obtained when using a combination of four markers (Random Forest). CONCLUSIONS Sera XAGE-1a and XAGE-1d are potential biomarkers for lung cancer; they display a diagnostic performance comparable to that of CEA or CYFRA 21-1. Further studies are needed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic potential of XAGE-1a and XAGE-1d in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Seong Ha
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
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Balog CIA, Stavenhagen K, Fung WLJ, Koeleman CA, McDonnell LA, Verhoeven A, Mesker WE, Tollenaar RAEM, Deelder AM, Wuhrer M. N-glycosylation of colorectal cancer tissues: a liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry-based investigation. Mol Cell Proteomics 2012; 11:571-85. [PMID: 22573871 PMCID: PMC3434767 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.011601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide with an annual incidence of ∼1 million cases and an annual mortality rate of ∼655,000 individuals. There is an urgent need for identifying novel targets to develop more sensitive, reliable, and specific tests for early stage detection of colon cancer. Post-translational modifications are known to play an important role in cancer progression and immune surveillance of tumors. In the present study, we compared the N-glycan profiles from 13 colorectal cancer tumor tissues and corresponding control colon tissues. The N-glycans were enzymatically released, purified, and labeled with 2-aminobenzoic acid. Aliquots were profiled by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC-HPLC) with fluorescence detection and by negative mode MALDI-TOF-MS. Using partial least squares discriminant analysis to investigate the N-glycosylation changes in colorectal cancer, an excellent separation and prediction ability were observed for both HILIC-HPLC and MALDI-TOF-MS data. For structure elucidation, information from positive mode ESI-ion trap-MS/MS and negative mode MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS was combined. Among the features with a high separation power, structures containing a bisecting GlcNAc were found to be decreased in the tumor, whereas sulfated glycans, paucimannosidic glycans, and glycans containing a sialylated Lewis type epitope were shown to be increased in tumor tissues. In addition, core-fucosylated high mannose N-glycans were detected in tumor samples. In conclusion, the combination of HILIC and MALDI-TOF-MS profiling of N-glycans with multivariate statistical analysis demonstrated its potential for identifying N-glycosylation changes in colorectal cancer tissues and provided new leads that might be used as candidate biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crina I A Balog
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Unit, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Kreisman LS, Cobb BA. Infection, inflammation and host carbohydrates: a Glyco-Evasion Hypothesis. Glycobiology 2012; 22:1019-30. [PMID: 22492234 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cws070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial immune evasion can be achieved through the expression, or mimicry, of host-like carbohydrates on the microbial cell surface to hide from detection. However, disparate reports collectively suggest that evasion could also be accomplished through the modulation of the host glycosylation pathways, a mechanism that we call the "Glyco-Evasion Hypothesis". Here, we will summarize the evidence in support of this paradigm by reviewing three separate bodies of work present in the literature. We review how infection and inflammation can lead to host glycosylation changes, how host glycosylation changes can increase susceptibility to infection and inflammation and how glycosylation impacts molecular and cellular function. Then, using these data as a foundation, we propose a unifying hypothesis in which microbial products can hijack host glycosylation to manipulate the immune response to the advantage of the pathogen. This model reveals areas of research that we believe could significantly improve our fight against infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori Sc Kreisman
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Iwata T, Nishiyama N, Nagano K, Izumi N, Tsukioka T, Chung K, Hanada S, Inoue K, Kaji M, Suehiro S. Preoperative serum value of sialyl Lewis X predicts pathological nodal extension and survival in patients with surgically treated small cell lung cancer. J Surg Oncol 2011; 105:818-24. [PMID: 22170474 DOI: 10.1002/jso.23002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES We investigated various tumor markers in patients with surgically treated small cell lung cancer (SCLC) to identify the markers closely correlated to pathological staging and to predict survival by retrospective analyses. METHODS Reviewing database records between 1990 and 2007 revealed 36 patients with SCLC, that were grouped according to clinical and pathological stages. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated for serum levels of various tumor makers to predict the pathological stage. The cut-off value was calculated from the ROC curve of the significant marker. Survival in patient groups divided by the new cut-off value was calculated. RESULTS Serum levels of various tumor makers were not significantly different between the pathological stage groups, except for serum sialyl Lewis X (SLX). ROC curve of SLX was significantly correlated to pathological stages (P = 0.0136). The calculated SLX cut-off value was 25.1 U/ml, with 80% sensitivity and 70% specificity. Five-year survival of patients selected by this new cut-off was 82.5%, whereas that with the standard cut-off (38.0 U/ml) was 55.9%. CONCLUSIONS Serum SLX values were associated with pathological stage and survival after surgery in SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Iwata
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
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Serum anti-p53 antibody detection in carcinomas and the predictive values of serum p53 antibodies, carcino-embryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 12–5 in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment for III stage non-small cell lung cancer patients. Clin Chim Acta 2011; 412:930-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2011.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2010] [Revised: 01/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Decline of serum CYFRA21-1 during chemoradiotherapy of NSCLC: a probable predictive factor for tumor response. Tumour Biol 2011; 32:689-95. [PMID: 21409421 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-011-0169-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the predictive value of decline in the serum levels of tumor markers on tumor response during the chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The serum levels of cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1), neurone-specific enolase and carcinoembryonic antigen were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, while the tumor responses were assessed according to the World Health Organization response criteria. The relationship between the changes of serum level of tumor markers and the radiologic response were analyzed. The effective rates (CR + PR) in CYFRA21-1 (pretreatment serum level) high and low groups were 45.8% (33/72) and 66.7% (24/36), respectively (p=0.032). Independent sample t test showed that the relationship between the response of CYFRA21-1 and the radiologic objective response are significantly different (p=0.008). The best cutoff value of the decline ratio of CYFRA21-1 was established as 18.48% by ROC curve. CYFRA 21-1 responses appeared to be reliable surrogate markers to predict chemoradiotherapy efficacy in patients with NSCLC, an average drop of 18.48% in serum CYFRA21-1 appears to provide the predictive information for the sensitivity of CRT.
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Hanagiri T, Sugaya M, Takenaka M, Oka S, Baba T, Shigematsu Y, Nagata Y, Shimokawa H, Uramoto H, Takenoyama M, Yasumoto K, Tanaka F. Preoperative CYFRA 21-1 and CEA as prognostic factors in patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2011; 74:112-7. [PMID: 21397974 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 02/03/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the preoperative serum levels of CYFRA 21-1 and CEA as prognostic factors in patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer. SUBJECTS This study evaluated 341 patients who had undergone a complete resection for stage I NSCLC between 2002 and 2008. RESULTS The patients included 193 males and 148 females. The mean age of the patients was 69.2 years (range: 19-88). The histological types included 264 adenocarcinomas, 56 squamous cell carcinomas, 11 large cell carcinomas, and 10 other types of carcinoma. A pneumonectomy was performed in 2 patients, a bilobectomy in 7, a lobectomy in 255, a segmentectomy in 46, and partial resection of the lung in 31 patients. The positive rates for CYFRA 21-1 in the adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma patients were 33.3% and 76.8%, respectively. The positive rates for CEA in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma patients were 23.8% and 26.8%, respectively. The 5-year survival rate after surgery in the normal CYFRA 21-1 group and the high CYFRA 21-1 groups were 92.8% and 75.4%, respectively, in the patients with stage I NSCLC. There was a significant difference between the 2 groups (p<0.0001). The 5-year survival rate according to the serum level of CEA in the patients with stage I NSCLC were 88.3% for the normal group and 76.3% for the high group. In a multivariate analysis using the variables found to be significant prognostic factors in univariate analysis, a high CYFRA 21-1 level was found to be a significant independent prognostic factor (95% confidence interval 1.213-5.442, p=0.014). CONCLUSION A high preoperative CYFRA 21-1 level was a significant independent prognostic factor in patients with stage I NSCLC. The patients with a high CYFRA 21-1 level should carefully followed-up to rule out occult metastasis. Further clinical studies will be necessary to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant therapy for the patients selected according to this criterion.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/mortality
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/physiopathology
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Humans
- Keratin-19/genetics
- Keratin-19/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Lung Neoplasms/mortality
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/physiopathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Staging
- Preoperative Care
- Prognosis
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Survival Analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Hanagiri
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Yahatanishi, Iseigaoka 1-1, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807, Japan.
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Kuroda H, Mochizuki S, Shimoda M, Chijiiwa M, Kamiya K, Izumi Y, Watanabe M, Horinouchi H, Kawamura M, Kobayashi K, Okada Y. ADAM28 is a serological and histochemical marker for non-small-cell lung cancers. Int J Cancer 2010; 127:1844-56. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Cheng Y, Li M, Wang S, Peng H, Reid S, Ni N, Fang H, Xu W, Wang B. Carbohydrate biomarkers for future disease detection and treatment. Sci China Chem 2010; 53:3-20. [PMID: 32214994 PMCID: PMC7089153 DOI: 10.1007/s11426-010-0021-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are considered as one of the most important classes of biomarkers for cell types, disease states, protein functions, and developmental states. Carbohydrate "binders" that can specifically recognize a carbohydrate biomarker can be used for developing novel types of site specific delivery methods and imaging agents. In this review, we present selected examples of important carbohydrate biomarkers and how they can be targeted for the development of therapeutic and diagnostic agents. Examples are arranged based on disease categories including (1) infectious diseases, (2) cancer, (3) inflammation and immune responses, (4) signal transduction, (5) stem cell transformation, (6) embryo development, and (7) cardiovascular diseases, though some issues cross therapeutic boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- YunFeng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - MinYong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - ShaoRu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - HanJing Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Suazette Reid
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - NanTing Ni
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Hao Fang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - WenFang Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - BingHe Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
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Use of multidimensional data analysis for prediction of lung malignity. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2009; 50:210-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2009.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2009] [Revised: 03/27/2009] [Accepted: 04/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Tomita M, Shimizu T, Hara M, Ayabe T, Onitsuka T. Serum carcinoembryonic antigen level in non-small-cell lung cancer patients with preoperative normal serum level. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2009; 57:303-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s11748-008-0397-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2008] [Accepted: 12/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kagohashi K, Satoh H, Kurishima K, Kadono K, Ishikawa H, Ohtsuka M, Sekizawa K. Squamous cell carcinoma antigen in lung cancer and nonmalignant respiratory diseases. Lung 2008; 186:323-6. [PMID: 18663529 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-008-9108-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2007] [Accepted: 06/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC) has been found in elevated amounts in patients with squamous cell lung cancer (SQLC). Elevated levels have also been found among patients with nonsquamous cell lung cancer (NSQLC) and in subjects with nonmalignant pulmonary disease (NMPD). The purpose of the current study was to evaluate SCC levels among a large number of patients with SQLC, NSQLC, and NMPD. Six hundred thirty-nine lung cancer patients, including 201 SQLC patients and 299 patients with NMPD, who were diagnosed at our hospital up to 2006 were entered. Serum SCC levels were measured with a commercially available kit. RESULTS Elevated levels (>1.5 ng/ml) of SCC were observed in 52.7% of SQLC patients, but in only 14.2% of NSQLC patients. There was a statistically significant difference in positive rate between SQLC and NSQLC patients. None of the NSQLC patients had serum SCC levels greater than 40.0 ng/ml. Among subjects with NMPD, 28.4% had elevated levels of SCC. However, none of the NMPD patients had serum SCC levels greater than 20.0 ng/ml. CONCLUSIONS Serum levels of SCC can be elevated (<20.0 ng/ml) in some NMPD patients without coexisting SQLC. Patients with NSQLC and NMPD with elevated SCC levels greater than 40 ng/ml may have coexisting SQLC or squamous cell carcinoma in an extrapulmonary site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Kagohashi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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Mizuguchi S, Nishiyama N. Prognostic markers for stage I non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2007; 59:274-5. [PMID: 18055061 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2007.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2007] [Accepted: 10/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ohara G, Satoh H, Hizawa N. Prognostic markers for stage I non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2007; 59:137. [PMID: 17996327 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2007.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2007] [Accepted: 09/10/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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