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Yoshida K, Htike K, Eguchi T, Kawai H, Eain HS, Tran MT, Sogawa C, Umemori K, Ogawa T, Kanemoto H, Ono K, Nagatsuka H, Sasaki A, Ibaragi S, Okamoto K. Rab11 suppresses head and neck carcinoma by regulating EGFR and EpCAM exosome secretion. J Oral Biosci 2024; 66:205-216. [PMID: 38072191 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rab11(Rab11a and Rab11b) localizes primarily along recycling endosomes in cells and is involved in various intracellular trafficking processes, including membrane receptor recycling and secretion of exosomes or small extracellular vesicles (EVs). Although Rab11 is closely associated with the progression and metastasis of various cancer types, little is known about Rab11' role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In this study, we investigated the roles of Rab11a and Rab11b in HNSCC. METHODS The clinical significance of Rab11 expression in HNSCC was investigated using a public database and tissue microarray analysis. Stable cell lines with loss and gain of Rab11a or Rab11b were originally established to investigate their roles in the proliferative, migratory, and invasive capabilities of HNSCC cells. RESULTS Database analysis revealed a significant association between Rab11b mRNA expression and a favorable patient survival rate in HNSCC. Tissue microarray analysis revealed that Rab11b expression was the highest in normal tissues and gradually decreased across the stages of HNSCC progression. Overexpression of Rab11a or Rab11b resulted in a decrease in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) exosome secretion, and the migratory and invasive potential of HNSCC cells. The knockdown of Rab11a or Rab11b increased EpCAM/CD9 exosome secretion in addition to the migratory and invasive potential of HNSCC cells. CONCLUSIONS Rab11 suppresses HNSCC by regulating EGFR recycling and EpCAM exosome secretion in HNSCC cells. Our results indicate that Rab11b is a superior prognostic indicator of HNSCC and holds promise for developing novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunihiro Yoshida
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
| | - Kaung Htike
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Takanori Eguchi
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan; Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Hotaka Kawai
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
| | - Htoo Shwe Eain
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
| | - Manh Tien Tran
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Chiharu Sogawa
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Faculty of Life Sciences, Hiroshima Institute of Technology, Hiroshima, 731-5197, Japan
| | - Koki Umemori
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Ogawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
| | - Hideka Kanemoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
| | - Kisho Ono
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Nagatsuka
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
| | - Akira Sasaki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ibaragi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Okamoto
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.
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Kuo WT, Kuo IY, Hsieh HC, Wu ST, Su WC, Wang YC. Rab37 mediates trafficking and membrane presentation of PD-1 to sustain T cell exhaustion in lung cancer. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:20. [PMID: 38321486 PMCID: PMC10848371 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is an immune checkpoint receptor expressed on the surface of T cells. High expression of PD-1 leads to T-cell dysfunction in the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the mechanism of intracellular trafficking and plasma membrane presentation of PD-1 remains unclear. METHODS Multiple databases of lung cancer patients were integratively analyzed to screen Rab proteins and potential immune-related signaling pathways. Imaging and various biochemical assays were performed in Jurkat T cells, splenocytes, and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Rab37 knockout mice and specimens of lung cancer patients were used to validate the concept. RESULTS Here, we identify novel mechanisms of intracellular trafficking and plasma membrane presentation of PD-1 mediated by Rab37 small GTPase to sustain T cell exhaustion, thereby leading to poor patient outcome. PD-1 colocalized with Rab37-specific vesicles of T cells in a GTP-dependent manner whereby Rab37 mediated dynamic trafficking and membrane presentation of PD-1. However, glycosylation mutant PD-1 delayed cargo recruitment to the Rab37 vesicles, thus stalling membrane presentation. Notably, T cell proliferation and activity were upregulated in tumor-infiltrating T cells from the tumor-bearing Rab37 knockout mice compared to those from wild type. Clinically, the multiplex immunofluorescence-immunohistochemical assay indicated that patients with high Rab37+/PD-1+/TIM3+/CD8+ tumor infiltrating T cell profile correlated with advanced tumor stages and poor overall survival. Moreover, human PBMCs from patients demonstrated high expression of Rab37, which positively correlated with elevated levels of PD-1+ and TIM3+ in CD8+ T cells exhibiting reduced tumoricidal activity. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide the first evidence that Rab37 small GTPase mediates trafficking and membrane presentation of PD-1 to sustain T cell exhaustion, and the tumor promoting function of Rab37/PD-1 axis in T cells of TME in lung cancer. The expression profile of Rab37high/PD-1high/TIM3high in tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells is a biomarker for poor prognosis in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ting Kuo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - I-Ying Kuo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chia Hsieh
- Institute of Basic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ssu-Ting Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
- Institute of Basic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Yu J, Qi H, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Song E, Song W, An R. RAB3D, upregulated by aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), promotes the progression of prostate cancer by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:2246-2256. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingsong Yu
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China
| | - Haipeng Qi
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China
| | - Erlin Song
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China
| | - Wenting Song
- Department of Management Office Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences Harbin China
| | - Ruihua An
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China
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Kuo IY, Yang YE, Yang PS, Tsai YJ, Tzeng HT, Cheng HC, Kuo WT, Su WC, Chang CP, Wang YC. Converged Rab37/IL-6 trafficking and STAT3/PD-1 transcription axes elicit an immunosuppressive lung tumor microenvironment. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:7029-7044. [PMID: 34093869 PMCID: PMC8171097 DOI: 10.7150/thno.60040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Increased IL-6 level, M2 macrophages and PD-1+CD8+ T cells in tumor microenvironments (TME) have been identified to correlate with resistance to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy, yet the mechanism remains poorly understood. Rab small GTPase-mediated trafficking of cytokines is critical in immuno-modulation. We have previously reported dysregulation of Rab37 in lung cancer cells, whereas the roles of Rab37 in tumor-infiltrating immune cells and cancer immunotherapy are unclear. Methods: The tumor growth of the syngeneic mouse allograft in wild type or Rab37 knockout mice was analyzed. Imaging analyses and vesicle isolation were conducted to determine Rab37-mediated IL-6 secretion. STAT3 binding sites at PD-1 promoter in T cells were identified by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the protein level of Rab37, IL-6 and PD-1 and localization of the tumor-infiltrating immune cells in allografts from mice or tumor specimens from lung cancer patients. Results: We revealed that Rab37 regulates the secretion of IL-6 in a GTPase-dependent manner in macrophages to trigger M2 polarization. Macrophage-derived IL-6 promotes STAT3-dependent PD-1 mRNA expression in CD8+ T cells. Clinically, tumors with high stromal Rab37 and IL-6 expression coincide with tumor infiltrating M2-macrophages and PD1+CD8+ T cells that predicts poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. In addition, lung cancer patients with an increase in plasma IL-6 level are found to be associated with immunotherapeutic resistance. Importantly, combined blockade of IL-6 and CTLA-4 improves survival of tumor-bearing mice by reducing infiltration of PD1+CD8+ T cells and M2 macrophages in TME. Conclusions: Rab37/IL-6 trafficking pathway links with IL-6/STAT3/PD-1 transcription regulation to foster an immunosuppressive TME and combined IL-6/CTLA-4 blockade therapy exerts potent anti-tumor efficacy.
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Lu Q, Wang PS, Yang L. Golgi-associated Rab GTPases implicated in autophagy. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:35. [PMID: 33557950 PMCID: PMC7869216 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00543-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved cellular degradation process in eukaryotes that facilitates the recycling and reutilization of damaged organelles and compartments. It plays a pivotal role in cellular homeostasis, pathophysiological processes, and diverse diseases in humans. Autophagy involves dynamic crosstalk between different stages associated with intracellular vesicle trafficking. Golgi apparatus is the central organelle involved in intracellular vesicle trafficking where Golgi-associated Rab GTPases function as important mediators. This review focuses on the recent findings that highlight Golgi-associated Rab GTPases as master regulators of autophagic flux. The scope for future research in elucidating the role and mechanism of Golgi-associated Rab GTPases in autophagy and autophagy-related diseases is discussed further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchun Lu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3440 N Broad St, Kresge Hall, Rm. 624, Philadelphia, PA19140, USA
| | - Po-Shun Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3440 N Broad St, Kresge Hall, Rm. 624, Philadelphia, PA19140, USA
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3440 N Broad St, Kresge Hall, Rm. 624, Philadelphia, PA19140, USA.
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Milutin Gašperov N, Sabol I, Božinović K, Dediol E, Mravak-Stipetić M, Licastro D, Dal Monego S, Grce M. DNA Methylome Distinguishes Head and Neck Cancer from Potentially Malignant Oral Lesions and Healthy Oral Mucosa. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186853. [PMID: 32961999 PMCID: PMC7554960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a strong need to find new, good biomarkers of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) because of the bad prognoses and high mortality rates. The aim of this study was to identify the potential biomarkers in HNSCC that have differences in their DNA methylome and potentially premalignant oral lesions, in comparison to healthy oral mucosa. In this study, 32 oral samples were tested: nine healthy oral mucosae, 13 HNSCC, and 10 oral lesions for DNA methylation by the Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip. Our findings showed that a panel of genes significantly hypermethylated in their promoters or specific sites in HNSCC samples in comparison to healthy oral samples, which are mainly oncogenes, receptor, and transcription factor genes, or genes included in cell cycle, transformation, apoptosis, and autophagy. A group of hypomethylated genes in HNSCC, in comparison to healthy oral mucosa, are mainly involved in the host immune response and transcriptional regulation. The results also showed significant differences in gene methylation between HNSCC and potentially premalignant oral lesions, as well as differently methylated genes that discriminate between oral lesions and healthy mucosa. The given methylation panels point to novel potential biomarkers for early diagnostics of HNSCC, as well as potentially premalignant oral lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Milutin Gašperov
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.S.); (K.B.)
- Correspondence: (N.M.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Ivan Sabol
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Ksenija Božinović
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Emil Dediol
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Clinical Hospital Dubrava, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Marinka Mravak-Stipetić
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Danilo Licastro
- ARGO Open Lab Platform for Genome sequencing, AREA Science Park, Padriciano, 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (D.L.); (S.D.M.)
| | - Simeone Dal Monego
- ARGO Open Lab Platform for Genome sequencing, AREA Science Park, Padriciano, 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (D.L.); (S.D.M.)
| | - Magdalena Grce
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.S.); (K.B.)
- Correspondence: (N.M.G.); (M.G.)
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Xin L, Li SH, Liu C, Zeng F, Cao JQ, Zhou LQ, Zhou Q, Yuan YW. Methionine represses the autophagy of gastric cancer stem cells via promoting the methylation and phosphorylation of RAB37. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:2644-2652. [PMID: 32926650 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1814044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focused on the role of methionine (MET) in the autophagy of gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs) and aims to elaborate its regulatory mechanism. In the present study, the GCSCs were isolated from human gastric cancer cell lines using an anti-CD44 antibody, and then cultured in MET+ homocysteine (HCY)- or MET-HCY+ medium. In MET+HCY-treated GCSCs, autophagy was suppressed, the methylation and phosphorylation of RAB37 were elevated, and miR-200b expression was down-regulated. Lentiviral vector (LV-) carrying methionine-γ lyase (an enzyme that could specifically lyse MET; Metase) promoted autophagy, reduced the methylation and phosphorylation of RAB37, and up-regulated miR-200b expression in MET+HCY--treated GCSCs. Then, we found that miR-200b suppressed the expression of protein kinase C α (PKCα), a protein that could inactivate RAB37 through promoting its phosphorylation. LV-Metase down-regulated RAB37 phosphorylation via miR-200b/PKCα, thus promoting the RAB37-mediated autophagy and suppressing cell viability in MET+HCY-treated GCSCs. Finally, the in vivo study proved that LV-Metase treatment inhibited tumor growth through up-regulating RAB37 expression. In conclusion, MET suppressed RAB37 expression via enhancing its methylation and suppressed RAB37 activity via miR-200b/PKCα axis, thus repressing RAB37-mediated autophagy in GCSCs. The supplementation of Metase lysed MET, thus inducing the autophagy of GCSCs and inhibiting tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xin
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shi-Hao Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chuan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fei Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jia-Qing Cao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Li-Qiang Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi-Wu Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Zhang J, Luo L, Dong J, Liu M, Zhai D, Huang D, Ling L, Jia X, Luo K, Zheng G. A prognostic 11-DNA methylation signature for lung squamous cell carcinoma. J Thorac Dis 2020; 12:2569-2582. [PMID: 32642165 PMCID: PMC7330303 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2020.03.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), as the second frequent subtype of lung cancer, causes lots of mortalities primarily due to a lack of precise prognostic markers and timely treatment intervention. Previous studies have constructed several risk prognostic models based on DNA methylation sites in multiple tumors, whereas, DNA methylation signature of LUSC remains to be built, and its predictive value need to be evaluated. Methods The genome-wide DNA methylation data of LUSC samples was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. Univariate Cox analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were implemented to identify DNA methylation sites related to overall survival of LUSC patients. Thus, we performed multivariate Cox regression to establish a DNA methylation signature. The Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival curves and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to estimate the prognostic power of the signature. Comparison with other known prognostic biomarkers, our DNA methylation signature showed higher predictive specificity and sensitivity. In addition, multivariate Cox regression screened out independent prognostic factors and constructed a nomogram. Results Several statistical methods were performed to construct an 11-DNA methylation signature. LUSC patients were divided into low- and high-risk group based on risk score, and high-risk group had a shorter survival time. According to the results of K-M and ROC analyses, the 11-DNA methylation signature showed significant sensitivity and specificity in predicting the LUSC patients’ overall survival. Finally, we integrated some independent prognostic factors (risk score, metastasis stage, and tobacco smoking history) to construct a nomogram, which has excellent prognostic power and may provide guidance for the therapeutic strategies. Conclusions We constructed the first risk prognosis model based on DNA methylation site in LUSC, which showed better predictive ability. In addition, a nomogram integrating the DNA methylation signature, metastasis stage, and tobacco smoking history was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlei Zhang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Liyun Luo
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Meijun Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Dongfeng Zhai
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Danqing Huang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Li Ling
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Xiaoting Jia
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Kai Luo
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Guopei Zheng
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
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Gopal Krishnan PD, Golden E, Woodward EA, Pavlos NJ, Blancafort P. Rab GTPases: Emerging Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressive Regulators for the Editing of Survival Pathways in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020259. [PMID: 31973201 PMCID: PMC7072214 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Rab GTPase family of proteins are mediators of membrane trafficking, conferring identity to the cell membranes. Recently, Rab and Rab-associated factors have been recognized as major regulators of the intracellular positioning and activity of signaling pathways regulating cell growth, survival and programmed cell death or apoptosis. Membrane trafficking mediated by Rab proteins is controlled by intracellular localization of Rab proteins, Rab-membrane interactions and GTP-activation processes. Aberrant expression of Rab proteins has been reported in multiple cancers such as lung, brain and breast malignancies. Mutations in Rab-coding genes and/or post-translational modifications in their protein products disrupt the cellular vesicle trafficking network modulating tumorigenic potential, cellular migration and metastatic behavior. Conversely, Rabs also act as tumor suppressive factors inducing apoptosis and inhibiting angiogenesis. Deconstructing the signaling mechanisms modulated by Rab proteins during apoptosis could unveil underlying molecular mechanisms that may be exploited therapeutically to selectively target malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya D. Gopal Krishnan
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, The Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, 6 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; (P.D.G.K.); (E.G.); (E.A.W.)
- School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway Perth, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Emily Golden
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, The Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, 6 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; (P.D.G.K.); (E.G.); (E.A.W.)
| | - Eleanor A. Woodward
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, The Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, 6 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; (P.D.G.K.); (E.G.); (E.A.W.)
| | - Nathan J. Pavlos
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Pilar Blancafort
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, The Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, 6 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; (P.D.G.K.); (E.G.); (E.A.W.)
- School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway Perth, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Impact of Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibition on the Proteomic Profile of Lung Adenocarcinoma as Measured by Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis Coupled with Mass Spectrometry. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080806. [PMID: 31370342 PMCID: PMC6721529 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is an important chaperone in lung adenocarcinoma, with relevant protein drivers such as EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) and EML4-ALK (echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like protein4 fused to anaplastic lymphoma kinase) depending on it for their correct function, therefore HSP90 inhibitors show promise as potential treatments for lung adenocarcinoma. To study responses to its inhibition, HSP90 was pharmacologically interrupted by geldanamycin and resorcinol derivatives or with combined inhibition of HSP90 plus HSP70 in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. Two-dimensional electrophoresis was performed to identify proteomic profiles associated with inhibition which will help to understand the biological basis for the responses. HSP90 inhibition resulted in altered protein profiles that differed according the treatment condition studied. Results revealed 254 differentially expressed proteins after treatments, among which, eukaryotic translation initiation factor3 subunit I (eIF3i) and citrate synthase demonstrated their potential role as response biomarkers. The differentially expressed proteins also enabled signalling pathways involved in responses to be identified; these included apoptosis, serine-glycine biosynthesis and tricarboxylic acid cycle. The proteomic profiles identified here contribute to an improved understanding of HSP90 inhibition and open possibilities for the detection of potential response biomarkers which will be essential to maximize treatment efficacy in lung adenocarcinoma.
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Hsieh JJ, Hou MM, Chang JWC, Shen YC, Cheng HY, Hsu T. RAB38 is a potential prognostic factor for tumor recurrence in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:2598-2604. [PMID: 31452745 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ras-related protein Rab-38 (RAB38) is a member of the Ras small G protein family that regulates intracellular vesicular trafficking. Although the expression of RAB38 is reportedly deregulated in several types of cancer, its role in tumor biology remains to be elucidated. In the present study, the expression of RAB38 was analyzed in tumor specimens from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with tumor recurrence within 4 years (Group R), and those remaining disease-free following initial surgery (Group NR), by reverse transcription-semi-quantitative PCR and subsequent semi-quantification using ImageJ v4.0 software. The results revealed that the expression of RAB38 in Group R and NR specimens was positively associated with tumor recurrence; a high expression level was also associated with poor survival rate in these patients. Using NSCLC cell lines, it was demonstrated that tumor cells with mutations in the active epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene expressed higher levels of RAB38 compared with those with the wild-type gene by reverse transcription-PCR and western blot analysis. Furthermore, following specific RAB38 gene knockdown by short hairpin RNA transfection, EGFR mutants exhibited markedly reduced invasiveness when compared with cells transfected with empty vector controls by Matrigel Transwell assays. These results suggest that RAB38 is an important prognostic factor in NSCLC, and may serve a critical role in NSCLC-associated tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Juan Hsieh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology and Center of Excellence for The Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ming-Mo Hou
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - John Wen-Cheng Chang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yung-Chi Shen
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology and Center of Excellence for The Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsin-Yi Cheng
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Todd Hsu
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology and Center of Excellence for The Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan, R.O.C
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12
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Guo W, Zhu L, Zhu R, Chen Q, Wang Q, Chen JQ. A four-DNA methylation biomarker is a superior predictor of survival of patients with cutaneous melanoma. eLife 2019; 8:e44310. [PMID: 31169496 PMCID: PMC6553943 DOI: 10.7554/elife.44310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is a life-threatening form of skin cancer. Prognostic biomarkers can reliably stratify patients at initial melanoma diagnosis according to risk, and may inform clinical decisions. Here, we performed a retrospective, cohort-based study analyzing genome-wide DNA methylation of 461 patients with CM from the TCGA database. Cox regression analyses were conducted to establish a four-DNA methylation signature that was significantly associated with the overall survival (OS) of patients with CM, and that was validated in an independent cohort. Corresponding Kaplan-Meier analysis displayed a distinct separation in OS. The ROC analysis confirmed that the predictive signature performed well. Notably, this signature exhibited much higher predictive accuracy in comparison with known biomarkers. This signature was significantly correlated with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) immunotherapy-related signatures, and may have potential as a guide for measures of responsiveness to ICB immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenna Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Liucun Zhu
- School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Rui Zhu
- School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qihan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jian-Qun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
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13
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Hu DL, Wang G, Yu J, Zhang LH, Huang YF, Wang D, Zhou HH. Epigallocatechin‑3‑gallate modulates long non‑coding RNA and mRNA expression profiles in lung cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:1509-1520. [PMID: 30628683 PMCID: PMC6390008 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
(−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major constituent of green tea, is a potential anticancer agent, but the molecular mechanisms of its effects are not well-understood. The present study was conducted to examine the mechanism of EGCG in lung cancer cells. Alterations in long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs were investigated in lung cancer cells treated with EGCG by lncRNA microarray analysis. Furthermore, the functions and signaling pathways regulated by EGCG were predicted by bioinformatics analysis. A total of 960 lncRNAs and 1,434 mRNAs were significantly altered following EGCG treatment. These lncRNAs were distributed across nearly all human chromosomes and the mRNAs were involved in the cell cycle and the mitotic cell cycle process. Through a combination of microarray and bioinformatics analysis, 20 mRNAs predicted to serve a key role in the EGCG regulation were identified, and certain regulatory networks involving EGCG-regulated lncRNAs were predicted. In conclusion, EGCG affects the expression of various lncRNAs and mRNAs in the cells, therefore affecting cell functions. The results of the present study provide an insight into the mechanism of EGCG, which may be useful for therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Li Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Guo Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Fei Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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14
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Dynamic matrisome: ECM remodeling factors licensing cancer progression and metastasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1870:207-228. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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15
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Cho SH, Kuo IY, Lu PJF, Tzeng HT, Lai WW, Su WC, Wang YC. Rab37 mediates exocytosis of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 to inhibit Wnt signaling and thus suppress lung cancer stemness. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:868. [PMID: 30158579 PMCID: PMC6115395 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0915-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that dysregulated Rab small GTPase-mediated vesicle trafficking pathways are associated with cancer progression. However, whether any of the Rabs plays a suppressor role in cancer stemness is least explored. Rab37 has been postulated as a tumor suppressive small GTPase for trafficking anti-tumor cargos. Here, we report a previously uncharacterized mechanism by which Rab37 mediates exocytosis of secreted frizzled-related protein-1 (SFRP1), an extracellular antagonist of Wnt, to suppress Wnt signaling and cancer stemness in vitro and in vivo. Reconstitution experiments indicate that SFRP1 secretion is crucial for Rab37-mediated cancer stemness suppression and treatment with SRPP1 recombinant protein reduces xenograft tumor initiation ability. Clinical results confirm that concordantly low Rab37, low SFRP1, and high Oct4 stemness protein expression profile can be used as a biomarker to predict poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. Our findings reveal that Rab37-mediated SFRP1 secretion suppresses cancer stemness, and dysregulated Rab37-SFRP1 pathway confers cancer stemness via the activation of Wnt signaling. Rab37-SFRP1-Wnt axis could be a potential therapeutic target for attenuating lung cancer stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Huei Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - I-Ying Kuo
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jung Frank Lu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Tai Tzeng
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Wei Lai
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Tainan City, Taiwan. .,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Tainan City, Taiwan.
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16
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VAMP8, a vesicle-SNARE required for RAB37-mediated exocytosis, possesses a tumor metastasis suppressor function. Cancer Lett 2018; 437:79-88. [PMID: 30165196 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We previously identified a metastasis suppressor RAB37 small GTPase that regulated exocytosis of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP1) to suppress lung cancer metastasis. Here, we show that vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 (VAMP8), a v-SNARE (vesicle soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor activating protein receptor), interacts with RAB37 and drives the secretion of TIMP1 to inhibit tumor metastases. Confocal and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopic images demonstrated that VAMP8 co-localized with RAB37 and facilitated trafficking of RAB37-TIMP1 vesicles. Reconstitution experiments using tail-vein injection and lung-to-lung metastasis in mice showed that VAMP8 was essential for RAB37-regulated vesicle trafficking of TIMP1 to suppress cancer metastasis. Lung cancer patients with low VAMP8 showed distant metastasis, poor overall survival and progression-free survival. Importantly, multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that patients with low VAMP8/low RAB37 expression profile showed significantly high risk of death (hazard ratio = 3.42, P < 0.001) even after adjusting for tumor metastasis parameter. Our findings reveal that VAMP8 is a novel v-SNARE crucial for RAB37-mediated exocytic transport of TIMP1 to suppress lung tumor metastasis. VAMP8 possesses a tumor metastasis suppressor function with a prognostic value in lung cancer.
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17
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Li Y, Yang X, Du X, Lei Y, He Q, Hong X, Tang X, Wen X, Zhang P, Sun Y, Zhang J, Wang Y, Ma J, Liu N. RAB37 Hypermethylation Regulates Metastasis and Resistance to Docetaxel-Based Induction Chemotherapy in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:6495-6508. [PMID: 30131385 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Epigenetic alterations play important roles in metastasis and drug resistance through gene regulation. However, the functional features and molecular mechanisms of epigenetic changes remain largely unclear in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) metastasis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Gene regulatory network analysis was used to identify metastatic-specific dysregulated genes between normal and NPC tissues and the expression was validated in published Gene-Expression Omnibus data set. The regulatory and functional role of RAB37 downregulation was examined in NPC and was validated in vitro and in vivo, and downstream target of RAB37 was explored. The clinical value of RAB37 methylation was evaluated in NPC metastasis and chemosensitivity. RESULTS We identified RAB37 as a specific hypermethylated gene that is most commonly downregulated in NPC. Moreover, RAB37 downregulation was attributed to hypermethylation of its promoter and was significantly associated with metastasis- and docetaxel chemoresistance-related features in NPC. Ectopic RAB37 overexpression suppressed NPC cell metastasis and enhanced chemosensitivity to docetaxel. Mechanistically, RAB37 colocalized with TIMP2, regulated TIMP2 secretion, inhibited downstream MMP2 activity, and consequently altered NPC cell metastasis. Furthermore, RAB37 hypermethylation was correlated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with NPC. We developed a prognostic model based on RAB37 methylation and N stage that effectively predicted an increased risk of distant metastasis and a favorable response to docetaxel-containing induction chemotherapy (IC) in NPC patients. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that RAB37 hypermethylation is involved in NPC metastasis and chemoresistance, and that our prognostic model can identify patients who are at a high risk of distant metastasis and might benefit from for docetaxel IC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqin Li
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojing Du
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Lei
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingmei He
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohong Hong
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinran Tang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaqin Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Na Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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18
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Tzeng H, Su C, Chang C, Lai W, Su W, Wang Y. Rab37 in lung cancer mediates exocytosis of soluble ST2 and thus skews macrophages toward tumor‐suppressing phenotype. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:1753-1763. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong‐Tai Tzeng
- Department of PharmacologyNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan Taiwan
| | - Ching‐Chin Su
- Department of PharmacologyNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan Taiwan
| | - Chih‐Peng Chang
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan Taiwan
| | - Wu‐Wei Lai
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of SurgeryNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan Taiwan
| | - Wu‐Chou Su
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal MedicineNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan Taiwan
| | - Yi‐Ching Wang
- Department of PharmacologyNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan Taiwan
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19
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Villagomez FR, Medina-Contreras O, Cerna-Cortes JF, Patino-Lopez G. The role of the oncogenic Rab35 in cancer invasion, metastasis, and immune evasion, especially in leukemia. Small GTPases 2018; 11:334-345. [PMID: 29781368 PMCID: PMC7549652 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2018.1463895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of cancer has allowed researchers to describe some biological characteristics that tumor cells acquire during their development, known as the “hallmarks of cancer” but more research is needed to expand our knowledge about cancer biology and to generate new strategies of treatment. The role that RabGTPases might play in some hallmarks of cancer represents interesting areas of study since these proteins are frequently altered in cancer. However, their participation is not well known. Recently, Rab35was recognized as an oncogenic RabGTPase and and because of its association with different cellular functions, distinctly important in immune cells, a possible role of Rab35 in leukemia can be suggested. Nevertheless, the involvement of Rab35 in cancer remains poorly understood and its possible specific role in leukemia remains unknown. In this review, we analyze general aspects of the participation of RabGTPases in cancer, and especially, the plausible role of Rab35 in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian R Villagomez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez , Ciudad de México, México.,Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas , Ciudad de México, México
| | - Oscar Medina-Contreras
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez , Ciudad de México, México
| | - Jorge Francisco Cerna-Cortes
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas , Ciudad de México, México
| | - Genaro Patino-Lopez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez , Ciudad de México, México
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20
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Inhibition of miR-1247 on cell proliferation and invasion in bladder cancer through its downstream target of RAB36. J Biosci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-018-9755-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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21
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RAB37 interacts directly with ATG5 and promotes autophagosome formation via regulating ATG5-12-16 complex assembly. Cell Death Differ 2017; 25:918-934. [PMID: 29229996 PMCID: PMC5943352 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-017-0023-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular membrane trafficking is essential for eukaryotic cell existence. Here, we show that RAB37 activation through GTP binding recruits ATG5-12 to isolation membrane and promotes autophagosome formation through the ATG5-ATG12-ATG16L1 complex. RAB37 is localized on the isolation membrane. It can bind directly with ATG5 and promotes formation of the ATG5-12-16 complex. Mutation analysis reveals that GTP-bound RAB37 exhibits an enhanced interaction with ATG5-12 and GDP-stabilised mutation impairs the interaction. RAB37 promotes ATG5-12 interaction with ATG16L1, thus facilitates lipidation of LC3B in a GTP-dependent manner to enhance autophagy. Notably, ablation of RAB37 expression affects the complex formation and decreases autophagy, whereas forced RAB37 expression promotes autophagy and also suppresses cell proliferation. Our results demonstrate a role of RAB37 in autophagosome formation through a molecular connection of RAB37, ATG5-12, ATG16L1 up to LC3B, suggesting an organiser role of RAB37 during autophagosomal membrane biogenesis. These findings have broad implications for understanding the role of RAB vesicle transport in autophagy and cancer.
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22
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Tzeng HT, Li TH, Tang YA, Tsai CH, Frank Lu PJ, Lai WW, Chiang CW, Wang YC. Phosphorylation of Rab37 by protein kinase C alpha inhibits the exocytosis function and metastasis suppression activity of Rab37. Oncotarget 2017; 8:108556-108570. [PMID: 29312551 PMCID: PMC5752464 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously identified a novel Rab small GTPase protein, Rab37, which plays a critical role in regulating exocytosis of secreted glycoproteins, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP1) to suppress lung cancer metastasis. Patients with preserved Rab37 protein expression were associated with better prognosis. However, a significant number of the patients with preserved Rab37 expression showed poor survival. In addition, the molecular mechanism for the regulation of Rab37-mediated exocytosis remained to be further identified. Therefore, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the dysregulation of Rab37-mediated exocytosis and metastasis suppression. Here, we report a novel mechanism for Rab37 inactivation by phosphorylation. Lung cancer patients with preserved Rab37, low TIMP1, and high PKCα expression profile correlate with worse progression-free survival examined by Kaplan-Meier survival, suggesting that PKCα overexpression leads to dysfunction of Rab37. This PKCα-Rab37-TIMP1 expression profile predicts the poor outcome by multivariate Cox regression analysis. We also show that Rab37 is phosphorylated by protein kinase Cα (PKCα) at threonine 172 (T172), leading to attenuation of its GTP-bound state, and impairment of the Rab37-mediated exocytosis of TIMP1, and thus reduces its suppression activity on lung cancer cell motility. We further demonstrate that PKCα reduces vesicle colocalization of Rab37 and TIMP1, and therefore inhibits Rab37-mediated TIMP1 trafficking. Moreover, Phospho-mimetic aspartate substitution mutant T172D of Rab37 significantly promotes tumor metastasis in vivo. Our findings reveal a novel regulation of Rab37 activity by PKCα-mediated phosphorylation which inhibits exocytic transport of TIMP1 and thereby enhances lung tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Tai Tzeng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-An Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore
| | - Chung-Han Tsai
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jung Frank Lu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Wei Lai
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wu Chiang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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23
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Khakpour G, Noruzinia M, Izadi P, Karami F, Ahmadvand M, Heshmat R, Amoli MM, Tavakkoly-Bazzaz J. Methylomics of breast cancer: Seeking epimarkers in peripheral blood of young subjects. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317695040. [PMID: 28349825 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317695040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical roles of epigenomic alterations in the pathogenesis of breast cancer have recently seized great attentions toward finding epimarkers in either non-invasive or semi-non-invasive samples as well as peripheral blood. In this way, methylated DNA immunoprecipitation microarray (MeDIP-chip) was performed on DNA samples isolated from white blood cells of 30 breast cancer patients compared to 30 healthy controls. A total of 1799 differentially methylated regions were identified including SLC6A3, Rab40C, ZNF584, and FOXD3 whose significant methylation differences were confirmed in breast cancer patients through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Hypermethylation of APC, HDAC1, and GSK1 genes has been previously reported in more than one study on tissue samples of breast cancer. Methylation of those aforementioned genes in white blood cells of our young patients not only relies on their importance in breast cancer pathogenesis but also may highlight their potential as early epimarkers that makes further assessments necessary in large cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Khakpour
- 1 Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Noruzinia
- 2 Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pantea Izadi
- 1 Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Karami
- 3 Department of Medical Genetics, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ahmadvand
- 4 Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- 5 Chronic Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa M Amoli
- 6 Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Tavakkoly-Bazzaz
- 1 Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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24
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Qin X, Wang J, Wang X, Liu F, Jiang B, Zhang Y. Targeting Rabs as a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer therapy. Drug Discov Today 2017; 22:1139-1147. [PMID: 28390930 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rab GTPases constitute the largest family of small GTPases. Rabs regulate not only membrane trafficking but also cell signaling, growth and survival, and development. Increasingly, Rabs and their effectors are shown to be overexpressed or subject to loss-of-function mutations in a variety of disease settings, including cancer progression. This review provides an overview of dysregulated Rab proteins in cancer, and highlights the signaling and secretory pathways in which they operate, with the aim of identifying potential avenues for therapeutic intervention. Recent progress and perspectives for direct and/or indirect targeting of Rabs are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Qin
- Oncology Department, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - Jiongyi Wang
- Oncology Department, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Oncology Department, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Oncology Department, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Oncology Department, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China.
| | - Yanjie Zhang
- Oncology Department, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China.
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25
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Tzeng HT, Tsai CH, Yen YT, Cheng HC, Chen YC, Pu SW, Wang YS, Shan YS, Tseng YL, Su WC, Lai WW, Wu LW, Wang YC. Dysregulation of Rab37-Mediated Cross-talk between Cancer Cells and Endothelial Cells via Thrombospondin-1 Promotes Tumor Neovasculature and Metastasis. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:2335-2345. [PMID: 28151721 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-1520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Accumulating evidence indicates that factors secreted by cancer epithelial cells shape the tumor microenvironment to promote cancer invasion and metastasis. Recent studies also shed light on alterations of Rab small GTPase-mediated exocytosis in tumorigenesis. However, the mechanisms for Rab-mediated exocytosis in tumor microenvironment remain elusive. We aimed to investigate the interplay between Rab37-mediated exocytosis and tumor microenvironment, focusing on endothelial cell motility and angiogenesis.Experimental Design: We performed fluorescence IHC for Rab37, thrombospondin-1 (TSP1, an antiangiogenesis factor), and angiogenesis marker CD31 in 183 surgically resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patient samples. Cell migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and tumor metastasis were measured.Results: ESCC patients with low expression of Rab37 or TSP1 significantly correlated with high CD31 expression and were associated with worse progression-free survival. The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that concordant low expression of both Rab37 and TSP1 was an independent prognostic factor of ESCC patients. Rab37-mediated exocytosis of TSP1 led to the inhibition of neovasculature in vitro and in vivo Secreted TSP1 from cancer cells with Rab37 exocytic function inhibited the p-FAK/p-paxillin/p-ERK migration signaling in both cancer epithelial cells and their surrounding endothelial cells. Dysfunction of Rab37 or loss of TSP1 abrogated the suppressive effects on angiogenesis and metastasis.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that Rab37-mediated TSP1 secretion in cancer cells suppresses metastasis and angiogenesis via a cross-talk with endothelial cells and reveal a novel component of the vesicular exocytic machinery in tumor microenvironment and tumor progression. Dysregulation of Rab37/TSP1 axis has clinical implications for prognosis prediction. Clin Cancer Res; 23(9); 2335-45. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Tai Tzeng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Han Tsai
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Yen
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chi Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chieh Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wen Pu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shiuan Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Shen Shan
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yau-Lin Tseng
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Wei Lai
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wha Wu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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26
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Abstract
A large group of small Rab GTPases which mediate secretory and endosomal membrane transport, as well as autophagosome biogenesis, are essential components of vesicle trafficking machinery. Specific Rab protein together with the cognate effectors coordinates the dynamics of trafficking pathway and determines the cargo proteins destination. Functional impairments of Rab proteins by mutations or post-translational modifications disrupting the regulatory network of vesicle trafficking have been implicated in tumorigenesis. Therefore, the vesicle transport regulators play essential roles in the mediation of cancer cell biology, including uncontrolled cell growth, invasion and metastasis. The context-dependent role of the same Rab to act as either an oncoprotein or tumor suppressor in different cancers is found. Such discrepancies may be due in part to the interaction of specific Rab protein with different effectors or cargos in various tumors. Here, we review recent advances in the roles of Rab GTPases in communicating with other effectors in tumor progression. In this review, we also emphasize dysregulation of Rab-mediated membrane delivery shifting normal cell behaviors toward malignancy. Thus, recovery of the dysregulated vesicle trafficking systems in cancer cells may provide future directions for potential strategy to restrain tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Tai Tzeng
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, No.1, University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ching Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, No.1, University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Clausen MJAM, Melchers LJ, Mastik MF, Slagter-Menkema L, Groen HJM, Laan BFAMVD, van Criekinge W, de Meyer T, Denil S, van der Vegt B, Wisman GBA, Roodenburg JLN, Schuuring E. RAB25 expression is epigenetically downregulated in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma with lymph node metastasis. Epigenetics 2016; 11:653-663. [PMID: 27379752 PMCID: PMC5048719 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1205176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OOSCC) have a low survival rate, mainly due to metastasis to the regional lymph nodes. For optimal treatment of these metastases, a neck dissection is required; however, inaccurate detection methods results in under- and over-treatment. New DNA prognostic methylation biomarkers might improve lymph node metastases detection. To identify epigenetically regulated genes associated with lymph node metastases, genome-wide methylation analysis was performed on 6 OOSCC with (pN+) and 6 OOSCC without (pN0) lymph node metastases and combined with a gene expression signature predictive for pN+ status in OOSCC. Selected genes were validated using an independent OOSCC cohort by immunohistochemistry and pyrosequencing, and on data retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas. A two-step statistical selection of differentially methylated sequences revealed 14 genes with increased methylation status and mRNA downregulation in pN+ OOSCC. RAB25, a known tumor suppressor gene, was the highest-ranking gene in the discovery set. In the validation sets, both RAB25 mRNA (P = 0.015) and protein levels (P = 0.012) were lower in pN+ OOSCC. RAB25 mRNA levels were negatively correlated with RAB25 methylation levels (P < 0.001) but RAB25 protein expression was not. Our data revealed that promoter methylation is a mechanism resulting in downregulation of RAB25 expression in pN+ OOSCC and decreased expression is associated with lymph node metastasis. Detection of RAB25 methylation might contribute to lymph node metastasis diagnosis and serve as a potential new therapeutic target in OOSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J A M Clausen
- a Departments of Pathology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands.,b Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - L J Melchers
- a Departments of Pathology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands.,b Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - M F Mastik
- a Departments of Pathology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - L Slagter-Menkema
- a Departments of Pathology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands.,c Otorhinolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - H J M Groen
- d Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - B F A M van der Laan
- c Otorhinolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - W van Criekinge
- e Department of Mathematical Modeling , Statistics and Bioinformatics, Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - T de Meyer
- e Department of Mathematical Modeling , Statistics and Bioinformatics, Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - S Denil
- f Gynecologic Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - B van der Vegt
- a Departments of Pathology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - G B A Wisman
- f Gynecologic Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - J L N Roodenburg
- b Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - E Schuuring
- a Departments of Pathology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
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28
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Yang J, Liu W, Lu X, Fu Y, Li L, Luo Y. High expression of small GTPase Rab3D promotes cancer progression and metastasis. Oncotarget 2016; 6:11125-38. [PMID: 25823663 PMCID: PMC4484444 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rab GTPases control exocytic and endocytic membrane trafficking such as exosomes release. As a secretory small GTPase, Rab3D is a vital regulator for protein secretion. However, the role of Rab3D in cancer was never systematically studied. The aim of this study is to examine its function and mechanism in cancer, especially metastasis. We detected protein levels of Rab3D in nine cancer cell lines and twelve types of clinical cancer specimens. Subsequently, we established in vitro migration and in vivo orthotopic metastatic mouse models to study the role of Rab3D in tumor metastasis. Here, we reported that the expression levels of Rab3D were dysregulated in cancer cells and highly correlated with tumor malignancies in the clinical samples. Increased expressions of Rab3D led to tumor invasion in vitro and lung metastasis in vivo, whereas Rab3D knockdown suppressed the tumor cell motility. Mechanistic studies revealed that Rab3D activated intracellular the AKT/GSK3β signaling to induce the EMT process. In addition, it also regulated the extracellular secretion of Hsp90α to promote tumor cell migration and invasion. These results prove that Rab3D is a key molecule to regulate tumor metastasis, suggesting that blocking the Rab3D function can be a potential therapeutic approach for cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin'an Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Fu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongzhang Luo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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29
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Porther N, Barbieri MA. The role of endocytic Rab GTPases in regulation of growth factor signaling and the migration and invasion of tumor cells. Small GTPases 2015; 6:135-44. [PMID: 26317377 PMCID: PMC4601184 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2015.1050152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is characterized pathologically by uncontrolled cell invasion, proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. It is a multistep process that encompasses the modulation of membrane permeability and invasion, cell spreading, cell migration and proliferation of the extracellular matrix, increase in cell adhesion molecules and interaction, decrease in cell attachment and induced survival signals and propagation of nutrient supplies (blood vessels). In cancer, a solid tumor cannot expand and spread without a series of synchronized events. Changes in cell adhesion receptor molecules (e.g., integrins, cadherin-catenins) and protease expressions have been linked to tumor invasion and metastasis. It has also been determined that ligand-growth factor receptor interactions have been associated with cancer development and metastasis via the endocytic pathway. Specifically, growth factors, which include IGF-1 and IGF-2 therapy, have been associated with most if not all of the features of metastasis. In this review, we will revisit some of the key findings on perhaps one of the most important hallmarks of cancer metastasis: cell migration and cell invasion and the role of the endocytic pathway in mediating this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Porther
- Department of Biological Sciences; Florida International University; Miami, FL USA
| | - MA Barbieri
- Department of Biological Sciences; Florida International University; Miami, FL USA
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute; Florida International University; Miami, FL USA
- Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden; Coral Gables, FL USA
- International Center of Tropical Botany; Florida International University; Miami, FL USA
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30
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Sheng Y, Zhao W, Song Y, Li Z, Luo M, Lei Q, Cheng H, Zhou R. Proteomic analysis of three gonad types of swamp eel reveals genes differentially expressed during sex reversal. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10176. [PMID: 25985063 PMCID: PMC4434955 DOI: 10.1038/srep10176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of mechanisms are engaged in sex determination in vertebrates. The teleost fish swamp eel undergoes sex reversal naturally and is an ideal model for vertebrate sexual development. However, the importance of proteome-wide scanning for gonad reversal was not previously determined. We report a 2-D electrophoresis analysis of three gonad types of proteomes during sex reversal. MS/MS analysis revealed a group of differentially expressed proteins during ovary to ovotestis to testis transformation. Cbx3 is up-regulated during gonad reversal and is likely to have a role in spermatogenesis. Rab37 is down-regulated during the reversal and is mainly associated with oogenesis. Both Cbx3 and Rab37 are linked up in a protein network. These datasets in gonadal proteomes provide a new resource for further studies in gonadal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sheng
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Ying Song
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Majing Luo
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Quan Lei
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Hanhua Cheng
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Rongjia Zhou
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
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31
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Tang YA, Chen CH, Sun HS, Cheng CP, Tseng VS, Hsu HS, Su WC, Lai WW, Wang YC. Global Oct4 target gene analysis reveals novel downstream PTEN and TNC genes required for drug-resistance and metastasis in lung cancer. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 43:1593-608. [PMID: 25609695 PMCID: PMC4330385 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of Oct4, a stemness gene encoding a transcription factor, has been reported in several cancers. However, the mechanism by which Oct4 directs transcriptional program that leads to somatic cancer progression remains unclear. In this study, we provide mechanistic insight into Oct4-driven transcriptional network promoting drug-resistance and metastasis in lung cancer cell, animal and clinical studies. Through an integrative approach combining our Oct4 chromatin-immunoprecipitation sequencing and ENCODE datasets, we identified the genome-wide binding regions of Oct4 in lung cancer at promoter and enhancer of numerous genes involved in critical pathways which promote tumorigenesis. Notably, PTEN and TNC were previously undefined targets of Oct4. In addition, novel Oct4-binding motifs were found to overlap with DNA elements for Sp1 transcription factor. We provided evidence that Oct4 suppressed PTEN in an Sp1-dependent manner by recruitment of HDAC1/2, leading to activation of AKT signaling and drug-resistance. In contrast, Oct4 transactivated TNC independent of Sp1 and resulted in cancer metastasis. Clinically, lung cancer patients with Oct4 high, PTEN low and TNC high expression profile significantly correlated with poor disease-free survival. Our study reveals a critical Oct4-driven transcriptional program that promotes lung cancer progression, illustrating the therapeutic potential of targeting Oc4 transcriptionally regulated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-An Tang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsin Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - H Sunny Sun
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Pei Cheng
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Vincent S Tseng
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan Institute of Medical Informatics, College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Han-Shui Hsu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, No.138, Sheng Li Road, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Wei Lai
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, No.138, Sheng Li Road, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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32
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Chua CEL, Tang BL. The role of the small GTPase Rab31 in cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 19:1-10. [PMID: 25472813 PMCID: PMC4288343 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the small GTPase family Rab are emerging as potentially important factors in cancer development and progression. A good number of Rabs have been implicated or associated with various human cancers, and much recent excitement has been associated with the roles of the Rab11 subfamily member Rab25 and its effector, the Rab coupling protein (RCP), in tumourigenesis and metastasis. In this review, we focus on a Rab5 subfamily member, Rab31, and its implicated role in cancer. Well recognized as a breast cancer marker with good prognostic value, recent findings have provided some insights as to the mechanism underlying Rab31's influence on oncogenesis. Levels of Oestrogen Receptor α (ERα)- responsive Rab31 could be elevated through stabilization of its transcript by the RNA binding protein HuR, or though activation by the oncoprotein mucin1-C (MUC1-C), which forms a transcriptional complex with ERα. Elevated Rab31 stabilizes MUC1-C levels in an auto-inductive loop that could lead to aberrant signalling and gene expression associated with cancer progression. Rab31 and its guanine nucleotide exchange factor GAPex-5 have, however, also been shown to enhance early endosome-late endosome transport and degradation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The multifaceted action and influences of Rab31 in cancer is discussed in the light of its new interacting partners and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle En Lin Chua
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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33
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Çelik S. Understanding the complexity of antigen retrieval of DNA methylation for immunofluorescence-based measurement and an approach to challenge. J Immunol Methods 2014; 416:1-16. [PMID: 25435341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2014.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cytosine methylation (5-methylcytosine, 5meC) in the CpG-rich regions of the mammalian genome is an important epigenetic mechanism playing roles in transcription regulation and genomic stability. The abnormalities in DNA methylation can occur in various types of cancer and some genetic diseases. The measurement of DNA methylation is therefore important and there is a range of methodologies used to detect DNA methylation. Many methods based on bisulfite treatment appeared with a lack of specificity after recent discoveries of various modifications of methylated cytosine, however there are new treatments developed to overcome this limitation. Immunofluorescence is currently known to be able to specifically detect DNA methylation as it uses different antibodies against 5meC and its derivatives, but it is a semi-quantitative method. Immunofluorescence protocols commonly include fixation of cells followed by permeabilisation, antigen retrieval, and treatments with antibodies. Establishing the strategy for antigen retrieval of immunofluorescence is important to unmask epitopes (i.e. 5meC) from other proteins, and therefore to access the antigen of interest. There are many approaches used for antigen retrieval induced by acid, enzyme and/or heat. The selection of antigen retrieval method can depend on a variety of such antigen-based or cell-based conditions, since the dynamic structure of DNA and chromatin accounts for the complexity of involved proteins to mask the epitope. This review aims to specifically focus on the complexity of in situ detection of DNA methylation by immunofluorescence-based methods using antigen retrieval with the current understanding of DNA methylation mechanism, and suggests conditions for antigenic retrieval of 5meC epitope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selcen Çelik
- Human Reproduction and Development Unit, Kolling Institute for Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney 2065, Australia.
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34
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Small GTPase Rab37 targets tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 for exocytosis and thus suppresses tumour metastasis. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4804. [PMID: 25183545 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Rab small GTPases are master regulators of membrane trafficking and guide vesicle targeting. Recent publications show that Rab-controlled trafficking pathways are altered during tumorigenesis. However, whether any of the Rabs plays a metastasis suppressor role is least explored. Here we address the metastasis suppressive function of human Rab37 (hRAB37) using secretomics, cell, animal and clinical analyses. We show that tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1), a secreted glycoprotein that inhibits extracellular matrix turnover, is a novel cargo of hRAB37. hRAB37 regulates the exocytosis of TIMP1 in a nucleotide-dependent manner to inactivate matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) migration axis in vitro and in vivo. Dysfunction of hRAB37 or TIMP1 abrogates metastasis suppression. Lung cancer patients with metastasis and poor survival show low hRAB37 protein expression coinciding with low TIMP1 in tumours. Our findings identify hRAB37 as a novel metastasis suppressor Rab that functions through the TIMP1-MMP9 pathway and has significant prognostic power.
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35
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Deregulation of p53 and RB Transcriptional Control Leads to Overexpression of DNA Methyltransferases in Lung Cancer. JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s2311-3006(16)30020-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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36
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Abstract
Intracellular membrane trafficking requires the complex interplay of several classes of trafficking proteins. Rab proteins, the largest subfamily of the Ras superfamily of small G-proteins, are central regulators of all aspects of intracellular trafficking processes including vesicle budding and uncoating, motility, tethering and fusion. In the present paper, we discuss the discovery, evolution and characterization of the Rab GTPase family. We examine their basic functional roles, their important structural features and the regulatory proteins which mediate Rab function. We speculate on outstanding issues in the field, such as the mechanisms of Rab membrane association and the co-ordinated interplay between distinct Rab proteins. Finally, we summarize the data implicating Rab proteins in an ever increasing number of diseases.
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37
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Abstract
Rab GTPases are master regulators of intracellular trafficking and, in recent years, their role in the control of different aspects of tumour progression has emerged. In the present review, we show that Rab GTPases are disregulated in many cancers and have central roles in tumour cell migration, invasion, proliferation, communication with stromal cells and the development of drug resistance. As a consequence, Rab proteins may be novel potential candidates for the development of anticancer drugs and, in this context, the preliminary results obtained with an inhibitor of Rab function are also discussed.
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Xu X, Guan X, Tao H, Yang K, Bai Y. An association study on genetic polymorphisms of Rab37 gene with the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in a Chinese Han population. Int J Med Sci 2013; 10:235-42. [PMID: 23372429 PMCID: PMC3558711 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.5524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rab37 encodes a Rab GTPase which regulates the vesicular transport of exocytosis. But the different findings in two types of cancers made its roles in oncology more confused. In this study, a clinical research on genetic polymorphisms was performed to evaluate the association between Rab37 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). METHODS The mRNA expression was tested by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in four ESCC cell lines. A case-control study including 212 ESCC patients and 213 cancer-free controls was genotyped by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test, association analysis and haplotype analysis were performed with SPSS and SHEsis software respectively. RESULTS Rab37 mRNA could be specifically detected in two ESCC cell lines, EC109 and EC9706, but not in KYS150 and KYS450. The allele, genotype and haplotype frequencies of rs9904078G>A, rs2034310T>C and rs5018106T>C, located in Rab37, did not significantly differ between the patients and the controls. No association between the polymorphisms and the TNM stages of patients was found. CONCLUSIONS Rab37 mRNA was specifically expressed in some ESCC cell lines but its genetic polymorphisms were not associated with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Xu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
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Ho JR, Chapeaublanc E, Kirkwood L, Nicolle R, Benhamou S, Lebret T, Allory Y, Southgate J, Radvanyi F, Goud B. Deregulation of Rab and Rab effector genes in bladder cancer. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39469. [PMID: 22724020 PMCID: PMC3378553 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that Rab GTPases, key regulators of intracellular transport in eukaryotic cells, play an important role in cancer. We analysed the deregulation at the transcriptional level of the genes encoding Rab proteins and Rab-interacting proteins in bladder cancer pathogenesis, distinguishing between the two main progression pathways so far identified in bladder cancer: the Ta pathway characterized by a high frequency of FGFR3 mutation and the carcinoma in situ pathway where no or infrequent FGFR3 mutations have been identified. A systematic literature search identified 61 genes encoding Rab proteins and 223 genes encoding Rab-interacting proteins. Transcriptomic data were obtained for normal urothelium samples and for two independent bladder cancer data sets corresponding to 152 and 75 tumors. Gene deregulation was analysed with the SAM (significant analysis of microarray) test or the binomial test. Overall, 30 genes were down-regulated, and 13 were up-regulated in the tumor samples. Five of these deregulated genes (LEPRE1, MICAL2, RAB23, STXBP1, SYTL1) were specifically deregulated in FGFR3-non-mutated muscle-invasive tumors. No gene encoding a Rab or Rab-interacting protein was found to be specifically deregulated in FGFR3-mutated tumors. Cluster analysis showed that the RAB27 gene cluster (comprising the genes encoding RAB27 and its interacting partners) was deregulated and that this deregulation was associated with both pathways of bladder cancer pathogenesis. Finally, we found that the expression of KIF20A and ZWINT was associated with that of proliferation markers and that the expression of MLPH, MYO5B, RAB11A, RAB11FIP1, RAB20 and SYTL2 was associated with that of urothelial cell differentiation markers. This systematic analysis of Rab and Rab effector gene deregulation in bladder cancer, taking relevant tumor subgroups into account, provides insight into the possible roles of Rab proteins and their effectors in bladder cancer pathogenesis. This approach is applicable to other group of genes and types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel R. Ho
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Elodie Chapeaublanc
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Lisa Kirkwood
- Jack Birch Unit of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Remy Nicolle
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 144, Paris, France
- Université d'Evry, iSSB, Evry, France
| | - Simone Benhamou
- CNRS, UMR 8200, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U946, Paris, France
| | | | - Yves Allory
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor, Plateforme de Ressources Biologiques, Département de Pathologie, Créteil, France
- INSERM, Unité 955, Créteil, France
| | - Jennifer Southgate
- Jack Birch Unit of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - François Radvanyi
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Goud
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 144, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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Mori R, Ikematsu K, Kitaguchi T, Kim SE, Okamoto M, Chiba T, Miyawaki A, Shimokawa I, Tsuboi T. Release of TNF-αfrom macrophages is mediated by small GTPase Rab37. Eur J Immunol 2011; 41:3230-9. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201141640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Revised: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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41
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Park EK, Jeon EH, Kim IH, Park SY. Recovery of Genes Epigenetically Altered by the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Scriptaid and Demethylating Agent 5-Azacytidine in Human Leukemia Cells. Genomics Inform 2010. [DOI: 10.5808/gi.2010.8.4.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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42
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Subramani D, Alahari SK. Integrin-mediated function of Rab GTPases in cancer progression. Mol Cancer 2010; 9:312. [PMID: 21143914 PMCID: PMC3003658 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-9-312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The RAS (rat sarcoma) superfamily of small GTPases is broadly subdivided into five groups: Ras, Rho, Rab, Ran, and Arf. Rab family proteins are important in regulating signal transduction and cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, vesicle transport, nuclear assembly, and cytoskeleton formation. However, some Rab proteins have been reported to be necessary for the adhesion and migration of cancer cells. Although Ras and Rho family members have been strongly implicated in cancer progression, knowledge of Rabs action in this regard is limited. Some reports have also linked Rab GTPases with cancer cell migration and invasiveness. This review discusses the implications of the involvement of Rabs in malignant transformation and cancer therapy through integrin-mediated signaling events, with particular emphasis on breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhatchayini Subramani
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSU School of Medicine 1901 Perdido Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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43
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Hendrix A, Westbroek W, Bracke M, De Wever O. An ex(o)citing machinery for invasive tumor growth. Cancer Res 2010; 70:9533-7. [PMID: 21098711 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-3248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells communicate with the environment through delivery of surface proteins, release of soluble factors (growth factors and cytokines), and sophisticated nanovehicles (exosomes) for establishment of invasive tumor growth. This communication occurs in part through constitutive exocytosis, regulated exocytosis, or release of intraluminal vesicles, and is modulated by small Rab GTPases, the master regulators of vesicle traffic. We studied Rab GTPases implicated in regulated exocytosis and showed a unique role for Rab27B in invasive tumor growth. Emerging evidence indicates that various exocytic routes are implemented by cancer cells to relay crucial information for fostering growth, migration, and matrix degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Hendrix
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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44
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Lin RK, Wu CY, Chang JW, Juan LJ, Hsu HS, Chen CY, Lu YY, Tang YA, Yang YC, Yang PC, Wang YC. Dysregulation of p53/Sp1 control leads to DNA methyltransferase-1 overexpression in lung cancer. Cancer Res 2010; 70:5807-17. [PMID: 20570896 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-09-4161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of DNA 5'-cytosine-methyltransferases (DNMT), which are enzymes that methylate the cytosine residue of CpGs, is involved in many cancers. However, the mechanism of DNMT overexpression remains unclear. Here, we showed that wild-type p53 negatively regulated DNMT1 expression by forming a complex with specificity protein 1 (Sp1) protein and chromatin modifiers on the DNMT1 promoter. However, the stoichiometry between p53 and Sp1 determined whether Sp1 acts as a transcription activator or corepressor. Low level of exogenous Sp1 enhanced the repressive activity of endogenous p53 on the DNMT1 promoter whereas high level of Sp1 upregulated DNMT1 gene expression level in A549 (p53 wild-type) cells. In H1299 (p53 null) cells, exogenous Sp1 induced DNMT1 expression in a dose-dependent manner. We also discovered a new mechanism whereby high level of Sp1, via its COOH-terminal domain, induced interaction between p53 and MDM2, resulting in degradation of p53 by MDM2-mediated ubiquitination. Clinical data from 102 lung cancer patients indicated that overexpression of DNMT1 was associated with p53 mutation (P = 0.014) and high expression of Sp1 protein (P = 0.006). In addition, patients with overexpression of both DNMT1 and Sp1 proteins showed poor prognosis (P = 0.037). Our cell and clinical data provided compelling evidence that deregulation of DNMT1 is associated with gain of transcriptional activation of Sp1 and/or loss of repression of p53. DNMT1 overexpression results in epigenetic alteration of multiple tumor suppressor genes and ultimately leads to lung tumorigenesis and poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Kai Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, and Institute of Basic Medical Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
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