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Petroni M, La Monica V, Fabretti F, Augusto M, Battaglini D, Polonara F, Di Giulio S, Giannini G. The Multiple Faces of the MRN Complex: Roles in Medulloblastoma and Beyond. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3599. [PMID: 37509263 PMCID: PMC10377613 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypomorphic mutations in MRN complex genes are frequently found in cancer, supporting their role as oncosuppressors. However, unlike canonical oncosuppressors, MRN proteins are often overexpressed in tumor tissues, where they actively work to counteract DSBs induced by both oncogene-dependent RS and radio-chemotherapy. Moreover, at the same time, MRN genes are also essential genes, since the constitutive KO of each component leads to embryonic lethality. Therefore, even though it is paradoxical, MRN genes may work as oncosuppressive, oncopromoting, and essential genes. In this review, we discussed how alterations in the MRN complex impact the physiopathology of cancer, in light of our recent discoveries on the gene-dosage-dependent effect of NBS1 in Medulloblastoma. These updates aim to understand whether MRN complex can be realistically used as a prognostic/predictive marker and/or as a therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialaura Petroni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica La Monica
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Fabretti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariaconcetta Augusto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Damiana Battaglini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Polonara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Di Giulio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Karaağaç M, Geredeli Ç, Yıldırım MS, Altınok T, Dede İ, İnal A, Zamani AG, Kaya B, Demirkazık A, Artaç M. The XRCC1 and TP53 gene polymorphisms are associated with advanced-stage disease and early distant metastasis at diagnosis in non-small cell lung cancer. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:1248-1254. [PMID: 37787291 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1657_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Studies on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) suggest that DNA repair capacity may have prognostic implications for disease recurrence and survival. However, there is no study investigating the relationship between SNPs and the risk of metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis in patients with NSCLC. Objective This study aimed to investigate the potential predictive value of SNPs in detecting the risk of metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis and poor prognosis in patients with NSCLC. Material and Methods In this prospective cohort study, we evaluated 275 patients with NSCLC. Analysis of SNPs from peripheral blood cells was performed by a polymerase chain reaction. Excision repair cross-complementing group 1 (ERCC1)- Asn118Asn, excision repair cross-complementing group 2 (ERCC2)-Lys751Gln, X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1)-Arg399Gln, and tumor protein 53 (TP53)-Arg72Pro polymorphisms were evaluated in conjunction with the development of metastasis. Results The ERCC1 normal genotype, ERCC2 heterozygote genotype, XRCC1 normal genotype, and TP53 normal genotype were associated with a higher stage and more advanced-stage disease at the time of initial diagnosis (P = 0.027, 0.005, <0.001, and 0.006, respectively). Also, XRCC1 normal genotype and TP53 normal genotype were associated with the risk of metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis (P = <0.001 and 0.002, respectively). Moreover, the XRCC1 normal genotype was associated with the risk of brain metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis (P = 0.031). Conclusions We showed that SNPs are related to a higher stage and more advanced-stage disease at the time of initial diagnosis in patients with NSCLC, and XRCC1 and TP53 gene polymorphisms are associated with the risk of metastasis. These results may contribute to the identification of high-risk groups and may help to earlier diagnosis and treatment in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Karaağaç
- Department of Medical Oncology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Çağlayan Geredeli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Selman Yıldırım
- Department of Medical Oncology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Tamer Altınok
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - İsa Dede
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical Faculty, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali İnal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Gül Zamani
- Department of Medical Oncology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Buğra Kaya
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Demirkazık
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical Faculty, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Artaç
- Department of Medical Oncology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
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Li Q, Zhang W. Progress in Anticancer Drug Development Targeting Ubiquitination-Related Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315104. [PMID: 36499442 PMCID: PMC9737479 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination is extensively involved in critical signaling pathways through monitoring protein stability, subcellular localization, and activity. Dysregulation of this process results in severe diseases including malignant cancers. To develop drugs targeting ubiquitination-related factors is a hotspot in research to realize better therapy of human diseases. Ubiquitination comprises three successive reactions mediated by Ub-activating enzyme E1, Ub-conjugating enzyme E2, and Ub ligase E3. As expected, multiple ubiquitination enzymes have been highlighted as targets for anticancer drug development due to their dominant effect on tumorigenesis and cancer progression. In this review, we discuss recent progresses in anticancer drug development targeting enzymatic machinery components.
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Mahjabeen I, Sheshe S, Shakoor T, Hussain MZ, Rizwan M, Mehmood A, Haris MS, Fazal F, Burki A, Kayani MA. Role of genetic variations of DNA damage response pathway genes and heat-shock proteins in increased head and neck cancer risk. Future Oncol 2022; 18:3519-3535. [PMID: 36200797 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2022-0750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The present study was designed to evaluate the role of DNA damage response pathway genes and heat-shock proteins in head and neck cancer (HNC) risk. Methods: For this purpose, two study cohorts were used. Cohort 1 (blood samples of 250 HNC patients and 250 controls) was used for polymorphism screening of selected genes using tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain (Tetra-ARMS PCR). Cohort 2 (200 HNC tumors and adjacent controls) was used for expression analysis, using quantitative PCR. Results: Analysis showed that mutant allele frequency of selected polymorphisms was found associated with increased HNC risk. Expression analysis showed the significant deregulation of selected genes in patients. Conclusion: The present study showed that selected genes (CHK1, CHK2, HSP70 and HSP90) can act as good diagnostic/prognostic markers in HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishrat Mahjabeen
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadeeq Sheshe
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tehmina Shakoor
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Azher Mehmood
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz Haris
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Falak Fazal
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Burki
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahmood Akhtar Kayani
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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5
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Liao Z, Yi M, Li J, Zhang Y. DNA repair in lung cancer: a large-scale quantitative analysis for polymorphisms in DNA repairing pathway genes and lung cancer susceptibility. Expert Rev Respir Med 2022; 16:997-1010. [PMID: 35984915 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2022.2115361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The results of associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of genes in DNA repairing pathway and lung cancer (LC) risk are inconsistent. METHODS We applied allele, dominant and recessive models to explore the risk of researched variants to LC in total LC and subgroups by ethnicity or LC subtypes with a cutoff point of p < 0.05. RESULTS A total of 76,935 cases and 88,649 controls from 192 articles were included. Among the analyzed 40 variants from 20 genes, we found 9 statistically significant variants in overall populations by allele model, including five SNPs (rs1760944, rs9344, rs13181, rs1001581, and rs915927) increasing LC risk (odd ratios [ORs] = 1.10-1.71) and four SNPs (rs1042522, rs3213245, rs11615, and rs238406) decreasing the risk (ORs = 0.75-0.94). We identified rs1042522 and rs13181 as significant variants for LC in three models. Additionally, we identified differential significant SNPs in ethnic and subtype's analysis with comparison to total population. CONCLUSIONS There are five SNPs in DNA repairing pathway associated with increased LC risk and four others decreased LC risk. Besides, the risky SNPs in different ethnicities and various LC subtypes were partly different, and the contribution of different genotypes to risk alleles were various as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexi Liao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Minhan Yi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Minina V, Timofeeva A, Torgunakova A, Soboleva O, Bakanova M, Savchenko Y, Voronina E, Glushkov A, Prosekov A, Fucic A. Polymorphisms in DNA Repair and Xenobiotic Biotransformation Enzyme Genes and Lung Cancer Risk in Coal Mine Workers. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020255. [PMID: 35207542 PMCID: PMC8874498 DOI: 10.3390/life12020255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Currently coal mining employs over 7 million miners globally. This occupational setting is associated with exposure to dust particles, heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and radioactive radon, significantly increasing the risk of lung cancer (LC). The susceptibility for LC is modified by genetic variations in xenobiotic detoxification and DNA repair capacity. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between GSTM1 (deletion), APEX1 (rs1130409), XPD (rs13181) and NBS1 (rs1805794) gene polymorphisms and LC risk in patients who worked in coal mines. Methods: The study included 639 residents of the coal region of Western Siberia (Kemerovo region, Russia): 395 underground miners and 244 healthy men who do not work in industrial enterprises. Genotyping was performed using real-time and allele-specific PCR. Results: The results show that polymorphisms of APEX1 (recessive model: ORadj = 1.87; CI 95%: 1.01–3.48) and XPD (log additive model: ORadj = 2.25; CI 95%: 1.59–3.19) genes were associated with increased LC risk. GSTM1 large deletion l was linked with decreased risk of LC formation (ORadj = 0.59, CI 95%: 0.36–0.98). The multifactor dimensionality reduction method for 3-loci model of gene–gene interactions showed that the GSTM1 (large deletion)—APEX1 (rs1130409)—XPD (rs13181) model was related with a risk of LC development. Conclusions: The results of this study highlight an association between gene polymorphism combinations and LC risks in coal mine workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Minina
- The Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry of Siberian Branch, Federal State Budget Scientifc Institution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Department of Human Ecology, 650065 Kemerovo, Russia; (V.M.); (A.T.); (O.S.); (M.B.); (Y.S.); (A.G.)
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Kemerovo State University, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia; (A.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Anna Timofeeva
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Kemerovo State University, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia; (A.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Anastasya Torgunakova
- The Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry of Siberian Branch, Federal State Budget Scientifc Institution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Department of Human Ecology, 650065 Kemerovo, Russia; (V.M.); (A.T.); (O.S.); (M.B.); (Y.S.); (A.G.)
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Kemerovo State University, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia; (A.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Olga Soboleva
- The Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry of Siberian Branch, Federal State Budget Scientifc Institution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Department of Human Ecology, 650065 Kemerovo, Russia; (V.M.); (A.T.); (O.S.); (M.B.); (Y.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Marina Bakanova
- The Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry of Siberian Branch, Federal State Budget Scientifc Institution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Department of Human Ecology, 650065 Kemerovo, Russia; (V.M.); (A.T.); (O.S.); (M.B.); (Y.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Yana Savchenko
- The Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry of Siberian Branch, Federal State Budget Scientifc Institution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Department of Human Ecology, 650065 Kemerovo, Russia; (V.M.); (A.T.); (O.S.); (M.B.); (Y.S.); (A.G.)
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Kemerovo State University, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia; (A.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Elena Voronina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of SB RAS, Pharmacogenomics Laboratoriey, Lavrentiev Ave 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Andrey Glushkov
- The Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry of Siberian Branch, Federal State Budget Scientifc Institution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Department of Human Ecology, 650065 Kemerovo, Russia; (V.M.); (A.T.); (O.S.); (M.B.); (Y.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Alexander Prosekov
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Kemerovo State University, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia; (A.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Aleksandra Fucic
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence:
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XPA: DNA Repair Protein of Significant Clinical Importance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062182. [PMID: 32235701 PMCID: PMC7139726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway is activated in response to a broad spectrum of DNA lesions, including bulky lesions induced by platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents. Expression levels of NER factors and resistance to chemotherapy has been examined with some suggestion that NER plays a role in tumour resistance; however, there is a great degree of variability in these studies. Nevertheless, recent clinical studies have suggested Xeroderma Pigmentosum group A (XPA) protein, a key regulator of the NER pathway that is essential for the repair of DNA damage induced by platinum-based chemotherapeutics, as a potential prognostic and predictive biomarker for response to treatment. XPA functions in damage verification step in NER, as well as a molecular scaffold to assemble other NER core factors around the DNA damage site, mediated by protein–protein interactions. In this review, we focus on the interacting partners and mechanisms of regulation of the XPA protein. We summarize clinical oncology data related to this DNA repair factor, particularly its relationship with treatment outcome, and examine the potential of XPA as a target for small molecule inhibitors.
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Li G, Wang X, Wang X, Guan Z, Guo J, Wang F, Zhang J, Niu B, Zhang T, Wang J, Yang J. Polymorphism rs1052536 in Base Excision Repair Gene Is a Risk Factor in a High-Risk Area of Neural Tube Defects in China. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:5015-5026. [PMID: 30022792 PMCID: PMC6067017 DOI: 10.12659/msm.907492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background DNA Base Excision Repair Gene-DNA LigaseIII (LIG3) is an important repair gene in the repair pathway and plays an important role in maintaining the integrity of mitochondria. Rs1052536 and rs3135967 polymorphisms of the gene are associated with lung cancer, keratoconus, and Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy. There is no previously published report on the relationship between the polymorphisms and neural tube defects (NTDs). Material/Methods Mass ARRAY iPLEX was used to determine the distribution of the polymorphisms in the case group of 108 NTD pregnant women and a control group of 233 normal healthy pregnant women to examine the relevance of their polymorphisms and NTD occurrence. Results The homozygotes of rs1052536 TT were associated with an increased risk for NTDs than CC (P=0.014, OR=2.31, 95%CI [1.17–4.54]), and variants of rs1052536 T were associated with an increased risk of NTDs (P=0.024, OR=1.50, 95%CI [1.06–2.13]). The stratified analysis showed that TT genotype of rs1052536 increased the risk of anencephaly (P=0.016, OR=2.69, 95%CI [1.18–6.10]) and the T allele significantly increased the risk of cranial NTDs (P=0.033, OR=1.56, 95%CI [1.04–2.35]). Conclusions Rs1052536 in LIG3 gene might be a potential genetic risk factor in a high-risk area of NTDs in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guannan Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Xiuwei Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Zhen Guan
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jin Guo
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Fang Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jianzhao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Bo Niu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Ting Zhang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
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Lawania S, Singh N, Behera D, Sharma S. Association of XPA Polymorphisms Towards Lung Cancer Susceptibility and its Predictive Role in Overall Survival of North Indians. Biochem Genet 2018. [PMID: 29516319 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-018-9850-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the role of Xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA) polymorphism (A23G and G709A) with lung cancer risk and its association with overall survival in North Indians. 370 cases and 370 controls were investigated to evaluate association between XPA polymorphism (A23G and G709A) with lung cancer risk using logistic regression analysis. A follow-up study was also conducted for 291 lung cancer cases illustrating correlation between overall survival in lung cancer patients and XPA variants. GG genotype showed an increased lung cancer risk (p = 0.0007) for A23G polymorphism whereas G709A polymorphism was associated with significant protective effect in heterozygous (AG) subjects (p = 0.001). When stratified according to smoking status an increased risk for lung cancer was observed for GG genotype in A23G polymorphism (p = 0.0002). A poor survival in females carrying variant genotype (GG) was observed (p = 0.001; MST = 4.16 months) for A23G polymorphism. Adenocarcinoma patients with heterozygous genotype showed an increased hazard ratio (p = 0.02) for A23G polymorphism. G709A was associated with a reduced hazard ratio marking a better survival among mutant females (HR 0.17; p = 0.05; MST = 18.63 months). It can be concluded that A23G polymorphism might contribute to increased lung cancer risk in North Indian population emphasizing on poor survival among females. G709A polymorphism might result in protective effect in lung cancer subjects. The present study had a low sample size but it could act as reference for the large sample studies in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Lawania
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
| | - Navneet Singh
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Sector 14, Chandigarh, India
| | - Digambar Behera
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Sector 14, Chandigarh, India
| | - Siddharth Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India.
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New polymorphisms of Xeroderma Pigmentosum DNA repair genes in myelodysplastic syndrome. Leuk Res 2017; 58:73-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes in gastrointestinal stromal tumours: susceptibility and correlation with tumour characteristics and clinical outcome. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:13413-13423. [PMID: 27460091 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5276-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA repair pathways play an essential role in cancer susceptibility by maintaining genomic integrity. This led us to investigate the influence of polymorphisms in the genes coding repair pathway enzymes on gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) susceptibility, tumour characteristics and clinical outcome. We investigated a panel of 20 polymorphisms in 11 genes in 81 cases and 147 controls. The XPD rs13181 wild-type allele and hOGG1 rs1052133 and XPF rs1800067 minor alleles were significantly associated with disease susceptibility. XPA rs1800975 and rs2808668 were associated with tumour size (P = 0.018), metastatic status at onset (P = 0.035) and mitotic index (P = 0.002). With regards to outcome treatment, the XPD rs50872 minor allele had a significant favourable impact on time to progression (TTP). Similarly, the XPC rs2228000 minor allele was correlated with a longer TTP (P = 0.03). On the contrary, the XPC rs2228001 and hOGG1 rs1052133 minor alleles were associated with a diminished TTP (P = 0.005 and P = 0.01, respectively). Regarding OS, we found the presence of at least one hOGG1 (rs1052133) minor allele that had a 60 % lower risk to die compared to the wild-type carriers (P = 0.04). Furthermore, the XRCC3 rs861539 variant allele is associated with a hazard of early death compared with the wild-type genotype (P = 0.04). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on polymorphisms in DNA repair genes, belonging to the different pathways, extensively evaluated in GIST patients. Through this multiple candidate gene approach, we report for the first time the significant associations between polymorphisms in DNA repair genes, susceptibility, clinical pathological features and clinical outcome in GIST.
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Clinicopathological values of NBS1 and DNA damage response genes in epithelial ovarian cancers. Exp Mol Med 2015; 47:e195. [PMID: 26584681 PMCID: PMC4673471 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2015.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) are highly lethal gynecological malignancies with a high recurrence rate. Therefore, developing prognostic markers for recurrence after chemotherapy is crucial for the treatment of ovarian cancers. As ovarian cancers frequently respond to DNA-damaging agents, we assessed the clinicopathological significance of key double-strand DNA break (DSB) repair genes, including BRCA1, BRCA2, BARD1, ATM, RAD51 and NBS1 in EOC cell lines and paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 140 EOC patients treated with cytoreductive surgery, followed by platinum-based chemotherapy. These samples were analyzed for the clinicopathological impact of DSB genes by western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR. Of the DSB repair genes, BRCA1, ATM and NBS1, which are involved in the homologous recombination-mediated repair pathway, were related to aggressive parameters in EOC. When survival analysis was performed, NBS1 expression exhibited an association with EOC recurrence. Specifically, increased NBS1 expression was found in 107 out of 140 cases (76.0%) and correlated with advanced stage (P=0.001), high grade (P=0.001) and serous histology (P=0.008). The median recurrence-free survival in patients with positive and negative expression of NBS1 was 30 and 78 months, respectively (P=0.0068). In multivariate analysis, NBS1 was an independent prognostic factor for the recurrence of EOC. Together, these results suggest that NBS1 is a marker of poor prognosis for the recurrence of EOC and is associated with aggressive clinicopathological parameters.
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Snow AN, Stence AA, Pruessner JA, Bossler AD, Ma D. A simple and cost-effective method of DNA extraction from small formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue for molecular oncologic testing. BMC Clin Pathol 2014; 14:30. [PMID: 25067909 PMCID: PMC4110377 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6890-14-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Extraction of DNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue is a critical step in molecular oncologic testing. As molecular oncology testing becomes more important for prognostic and therapeutic decision making and tissue specimens become smaller due to earlier detection of suspicious lesions and the use of fine needle aspiration methods for tissue collection, it becomes more challenging for the typical molecular pathology laboratory to obtain reliable test results. We developed a DNA extraction method to obtain sufficient quantity and high quality genomic DNA from limited FFPE tissue for molecular oncology testing using a combination of H&E stained slides, a matrix capture method and the Qiagen DNA column. Methods Three DNA extraction methods were compared: our standard procedure of manually scraping tissue from unstained slides followed by DNA extraction using the QIAamp FFPE column (Qiagen, Valencia, CA), a glue capture method (Pinpoint Solution, Zymo Research Corp, Inc) on H&E stained slides followed by DNA extraction using either the QIAamp column or the column included with the Pinpoint kit (Zymo Research). The DNA extraction protocol was optimized. Statistical analysis was performed using the paired two-sample student’s t-test. Results The combination of the matrix capture method with the QIAamp column gave an equivalent amount of DNA as our standard extraction method using the unstained slides and a 4.6-fold higher DNA yield than using the Zymo column included in the Pinpoint Slide Solution kit. Several molecular tests were performed and DNA purified using the new method gave the same results as for the previous methods. Conclusions Using H&E stained slides allows visual confirmation of tumor cells during microdissection. The Pinpoint solution made removal of specific tissue from the slides easier and reduced the risk of contamination and tissue loss. This DNA extraction method is simple, cost-effective, and blends with our current workflow requiring no additional equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony N Snow
- Department of Pathology, Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02806, USA
| | - Aaron A Stence
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, BT6008GH, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jonathan A Pruessner
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, BT6008GH, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Aaron D Bossler
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, BT6008GH, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Deqin Ma
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, BT6008GH, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Berardinelli F, di Masi A, Antoccia A. NBN Gene Polymorphisms and Cancer Susceptibility: A Systemic Review. Curr Genomics 2013; 14:425-40. [PMID: 24396275 PMCID: PMC3867719 DOI: 10.2174/13892029113146660012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between DNA repair failure and cancer is well established as in the case of rare, high penetrant genes in high cancer risk families. Beside this, in the last two decades, several studies have investigated a possible association between low penetrant polymorphic variants in genes devoted to DNA repair pathways and risk for developing cancer. This relationship would be also supported by the observation that DNA repair processes may be modulated by sequence variants in DNA repair genes, leading to susceptibility to environmental carcinogens. In this framework, the aim of this review is to provide the reader with the state of the art on the association between common genetic variants and cancer risk, limiting the attention to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the NBN gene and providing the various odd ratios (ORs). In this respect, the NBN protein, together with MRE11 and RAD50, is part of the MRN complex which is a central player in the very early steps of sensing and processing of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), in telomere maintenance, in cell cycle control, and in genomic integrity in general. So far, many papers were devoted to ascertain possible association between common synonymous and non-synonymous NBN gene polymorphisms and increased cancer risk. However, the results still remain inconsistent and inconclusive also in meta-analysis studies for the most investigated E185Q NBN miscoding variant.
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