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Jafarova Demirkapu M, Cavdar E. Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in Outpatient Lung Cancer Patients in a University Hospital. Pharmacology 2024; 109:231-236. [PMID: 38583427 DOI: 10.1159/000538742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Concomitant use of drugs in the same or different indications can sometimes lead to undesirable interactions. The prevalence of drug interactions is high in cancer patients. In this study, we aimed to determine the frequency and clinical severity of drug interactions in outpatient lung cancer patients. METHODS The drugs used, kidney and liver blood analysis results of 160 outpatient lung cancer patients over the age of 18 years who received chemotherapy between October 2020 and July 2021 were evaluated. The Lexi-Interact online database was used to identify the types of clinically significant drug interactions, frequently interacting drugs, and clinical outcomes predicted by the databases. RESULTS The average number of drugs per patient was 4.2 ± 2.3. It was determined that there was a relationship between multidrug use and comorbidity, and the number of drugs used increased as the number of diagnoses increased. A relationship was also found between potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs), which we observed in 52.5% of the patients, and the number of drugs used and age. The most common clinically significant C- (36.9%), D- (16.9%), and X- (10.6%) type pDDIs were detected between conventional paclitaxel-hydrochlorothiazide, conventional paclitaxel-carboplatin, and ipratropium-tiotropium, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The use of frequently interacting drugs in outpatient lung cancer patients can lead to pDDIs. In these patients, the application of therapy by observing the drug-drug interaction may improve the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eyyup Cavdar
- Medical Oncology, Adiyaman University Research and Training Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey
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Mouritzen MT, Junker KF, Carus A, Ladekarl M, Meldgaard P, Nielsen AWM, Livbjerg A, Larsen JW, Skuladottir H, Kristiansen C, Wedervang K, Schytte T, Hansen KH, Østby AC, Frank MS, Lauritsen J, Sørensen JB, Langer SW, Persson GF, Andersen JL, Homann PH, Kristensen EB, Drivsholm LB, Bøgsted M, Christensen HS, Pøhl M, Bjørnhart B. Clinical features affecting efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in pretreated patients with advanced NSCLC: a Danish nationwide real-world study. Acta Oncol 2022; 61:409-416. [PMID: 35012430 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2021.2023213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are implemented as standard treatment for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in first-line and subsequent-line treatment. However, certain subgroups such as patients with older age, poor performance status (PS), and severe comorbidity are underrepresented in the randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This study aimed to assess overall survival (OS), treatment data, and clinical features affecting second- or subsequent-line ICI efficacy in an unselected, Danish, nationwide NSCLC population. METHODS Patients with advanced NSCLC who started nivolumab or pembrolizumab as second-line or subsequent-line treatment between 1 September 2015, and 1 October 2018, were identified from institutional records of all Danish oncology departments. Clinical and treatment data were retrospectively collected. Descriptive statistics and survival analyses were performed. RESULTS Data were available for 840 patients; 49% females. The median age was 68 years (19% were ≥75 years), 19% had PS ≥2, and 36% had moderate to severe comorbidity. The median OS (mOS) was 12.2 months; 15.1 months and 10.0 months in females and males, respectively. The median time-to-treatment discontinuation (mTTD) and median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 3.2 and 5.2 months, respectively. Patients with PS ≥2 had a mOS of 4.5 months, mTTD of 1.1 month, and mPFS of 2.0 months. In multivariable Cox regression analysis, male sex (HR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.11-1.62), PS >0 (PS 1, HR = 1.88, 95% CI 1.52-2.33; PS ≥2, HR = 4.15, 95% CI 3.13-5.5), liver metastases (HR = 1.72, 95% CI 1.34-2.22), and bone metastases (HR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.03-1.58) were significant poor prognostic OS factors. CONCLUSIONS Danish real-world patients with advanced NSCLC treated with second- or subsequent-line ICI had an OS comparable to results from RCTs. Women, frail and older patients constituted a higher proportion than in previous RCTs. Clinical features associated with poor OS were male sex, PS ≥1 (in particular PS ≥2), bone-, and liver metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette T. Mouritzen
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Andreas Carus
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Morten Ladekarl
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Peter Meldgaard
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | | | - Anna Livbjerg
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Jacob W. Larsen
- Department of Oncology, Region Hospital West Jutland, Herning, Denmark
| | - Halla Skuladottir
- Department of Oncology, Region Hospital West Jutland, Herning, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Kristiansen
- Department of Oncology, Vejle Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Kim Wedervang
- Department of Oncology, Hospital Sønderjylland, Sønderborg, Denmark
| | - Tine Schytte
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Odense Patient data Explorative Network (OPEN), Odense, Denmark
| | - Karin H. Hansen
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Odense Patient data Explorative Network (OPEN), Odense, Denmark
| | - Anne-Cathrine Østby
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Palliative Care, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Malene S. Frank
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Palliative Care, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Jakob Lauritsen
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Palliative Care, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jens B. Sørensen
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen E, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Seppo W. Langer
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen E, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Gitte F. Persson
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jon L. Andersen
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Martin Bøgsted
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Hematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Heidi S. Christensen
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Hematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mette Pøhl
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen E, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Bjørnhart
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Odense Patient data Explorative Network (OPEN), Odense, Denmark
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Lemos H, Huang L, Prendergast GC, Mellor AL. Immune control by amino acid catabolism during tumorigenesis and therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 2019; 19:162-175. [PMID: 30696923 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-019-0106-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoints arise from physiological changes during tumorigenesis that reprogramme inflammatory, immunological and metabolic processes in malignant lesions and local lymphoid tissues, which constitute the immunological tumour microenvironment (TME). Improving clinical responses to immune checkpoint blockade will require deeper understanding of factors that impact local immune balance in the TME. Elevated catabolism of the amino acids tryptophan (Trp) and arginine (Arg) is a common TME hallmark at clinical presentation of cancer. Cells catabolizing Trp and Arg suppress effector T cells and stabilize regulatory T cells to suppress immunity in chronic inflammatory diseases of clinical importance, including cancers. Processes that induce Trp and Arg catabolism in the TME remain incompletely defined. Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) and arginase 1 (ARG1), which catabolize Trp and Arg, respectively, respond to inflammatory cues including interferons and transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) cytokines. Dying cells generate inflammatory signals including DNA, which is sensed to stimulate the production of type I interferons via the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) adaptor. Thus, dying cells help establish local conditions that suppress antitumour immunity to promote tumorigenesis. Here, we review evidence that Trp and Arg catabolism contributes to inflammatory processes that promote tumorigenesis, impede immune responses to therapy and might promote neurological comorbidities associated with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Lemos
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Framlington Place, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Lei Huang
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Framlington Place, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | | | - Andrew L Mellor
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Framlington Place, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.
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Leduc C, Antoni D, Charloux A, Falcoz PE, Quoix E. Comorbidities in the management of patients with lung cancer. Eur Respir J 2017; 49:49/3/1601721. [PMID: 28356370 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01721-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer represents a major public health issue worldwide. Unfortunately, more than half of them are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Moreover, even if diagnosed early, diagnosis procedures and treatment can be difficult due to the frequent comorbidities observed in these patients. Some of these comorbidities have a common major risk factor, i.e. smoking, whereas others are unrelated to smoking but frequently observed in the general population. These comorbidities must be carefully assessed before any diagnostic and/or therapeutic decisions are made regarding the lung cancer. For example, in a patient with severe emphysema or with diffuse lung fibrosis, transthoracic needle biopsy can be contraindicated, meaning that in some instances a precise diagnosis cannot be obtained; in a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, surgery may be impossible or should be preceded by intensive rehabilitation; patients with interstitial lung disease are at risk of radiation pneumonitis and should not receive drugs which can worsen the respiratory insufficiency. Patients who belong to what are called "special populations", e.g. elderly or HIV infected, should be treated specifically, especially regarding systemic treatment. Last but not least, psychosocial factors are of great importance and can vary from one country to another according to health insurance coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Leduc
- Pneumology Dept, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Delphine Antoni
- Radiotherapy Dept, Centre Paul Strauss, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Anne Charloux
- Physiology and Functional Explorations Dept, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | | | - Elisabeth Quoix
- Pneumology Dept, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg Cedex, France
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