Comparison of discrimination performance of 11 lung cancer risk models for predicting lung cancer in a prospective cohort of screening-age adults from Germany followed over 17 years

Overdiagnosis and overtreatment of ground-glass nodule-like lung cancer

Lung cancer has had one of the highest incidences and mortality in the world over the last few decades, which has aided in the promotion and popularization of screening for lung ground-glass nodules (GGNs). People have great psychological anxiety about GGN because of the chance that it will develop into lung cancer, which makes clinical treatment of GGN a generally excessive phenomenon. Overdiagnosis in screening has recently been mentioned in the literature. An important research emphasis of screening is how to reduce the incidence of overdiagnosis and overtreatment. This paper discusses from different aspects how to characterize the occurrence of overdiagnosis and overtreatment, how to reduce overdiagnosis and overtreatment, and future screening, follow-up, and treatment approaches.

Clinical Adjuncts to Lung Cancer Screening: A Narrative Review

The updated US Preventive Services Task Force guidelines on lung cancer screening have significantly expanded the population of screening eligible adults, among whom the balance of benefits and harms associated with lung cancer screening vary considerably. Clinical adjuncts are additional information and tools that can guide decision-making to optimally screen individuals who are most likely to benefit. Proposed adjuncts include integration of clinical history, risk prediction models, shared-decision-making tools, and biomarker tests at key steps in the screening process. Although evidence regarding their clinical utility and implementation is still evolving, they carry significant promise in optimizing screening effectiveness and efficiency for lung cancer.