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Miao Q, Mi Y, Cui J, Zhang J, Tan W, Li Q, Guo Z. Determination of chitosan content with Schiff base method and HPLC. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:1537-1542. [PMID: 34022309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Tremendous awareness of determination of chitosan content accurately is increasing, due to it has great significance to the quality control of chitosan. In this article, two kinds of chitosan-Schiff base derivatives (BCSB and PCSB) were synthesized by the different average degrees of deacetylation (DD) of chitosan with benzaldehyde or propanal, respectively. The total mass of Schiff base derivative product was dried and obtained without washing and loss. Then, a certain amount of the prepared Schiff base compound was taken to hydrolyze into glucosamine hydrochloride (GAH) in strong hydrochloric acidic environment, whose concentration was quantified by HPLC, and the mass of GAH contained in hydrolysis solution could be calculated. Subsequently, the total quality of GAH obtained by hydrolysis of all of the Schiff base product was calculated and obtained, and then the theoretical mass of chitosan could be deduced and calculated by further converse calculation. Finally, the chitosan content was obtained by combining the sample mass used in Schiff base reaction and the theoretical mass of chitosan. This method was accurate and convenient, providing a preeminent idea and method for the determination of chitosan content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Miao
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yingqi Mi
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingmin Cui
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenqiang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qing Li
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhanyong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Pazourek J. Determination of glucosamine and monitoring of its mutarotation by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detector. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 32:e4368. [PMID: 30120782 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Saccharides and their derivatives are typical polar analytes without a suitable UV-chromophore that are nowadays analyzed by HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) under HILIC (hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography) mode. Usually an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) is utilized which, however, gives a nonlinear response. A procedure to overcome the problem of mutarotating (time-varying) analytes recorded with such a nonlinear response detector is described. The procedure was applied for determination of glucosamine in two commercially available pharmaceutical formulations containing the common inorganic ions that the detector gives a response to. Under optimized conditions, both the anomers of glucosamine were separated and could be determined separately. Owing to the short retention time of the analyte (a run time <4 min) and relatively slow kinetics of the anomeric conversion (equilibration time 2.5 h), mutarotation could be monitored and corresponding rate constants calculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Pazourek
- Department of Chemical Drugs, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
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A fast and robust hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for determining methylpentose, hexose, hexosamine and hexonic acid in pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine hydrolysates. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 155:253-261. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Ma C, Zhang W, Guo Y, Su Z, Bai Y. Resonance Rayleigh scattering methods for the determination of chitosan with Congo red as probe. LUMINESCENCE 2017; 32:1511-1516. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.3352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Caijuan Ma
- School of Public Health; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangzhou Guangdong Province China
| | - Weiai Zhang
- Department of Medical Technology; Huizhou Health Sciences Polytechnic; Huizhou Guangdong Province China
| | - Yaohui Guo
- School of Public Health; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangzhou Guangdong Province China
| | - Zhengquan Su
- School of Public Health; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangzhou Guangdong Province China
- Key Research Center of Liver Regulation for Hyperlipidemia SATCM/Class III Laboratory of Metabolism SATCM, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangzhou China
| | - Yan Bai
- School of Public Health; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangzhou Guangdong Province China
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