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Sogore T, Guo M, Sun N, Jiang D, Shen M, Ding T. Microbiological and chemical hazards in cultured meat and methods for their detection. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13392. [PMID: 38865212 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Cultured meat, which involves growing meat in a laboratory rather than breeding animals, offers potential benefits in terms of sustainability, health, and animal welfare compared to conventional meat production. However, the cultured meat production process involves several stages, each with potential hazards requiring careful monitoring and control. Microbial contamination risks exist in the initial cell collection from source animals and the surrounding environment. During cell proliferation, hazards may include chemical residues from media components such as antibiotics and growth factors, as well as microbial issues from improper bioreactor sterilization. In the differentiation stage where cells become muscle tissue, potential hazards include residues from scaffolding materials, microcarriers, and media components. Final maturation and harvesting stages risk environmental contamination from nonsterile conditions, equipment, or worker handling if proper aseptic conditions are not maintained. This review examines the key microbiological and chemical hazards that must be monitored and controlled during the manufacturing process for cultured meats. It describes some conventional and emerging novel techniques that could be applied for the detection of microbial and chemical hazards in cultured meat. The review also outlines the current evolving regulatory landscape around cultured meat and explains how thorough detection and characterization of microbiological and chemical hazards through advanced analytical techniques can provide crucial data to help develop robust, evidence-based food safety regulations specifically tailored for the cultured meat industry. Implementing new digital food safety methods is recommended for further research on the sensitive and effective detection of microbiological and chemical hazards in cultured meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahirou Sogore
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meimei Guo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Donglei Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
| | - Mofei Shen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhongyuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tian Ding
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, China
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2
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Frempong SB, Salbreiter M, Mostafapour S, Pistiki A, Bocklitz TW, Rösch P, Popp J. Illuminating the Tiny World: A Navigation Guide for Proper Raman Studies on Microorganisms. Molecules 2024; 29:1077. [PMID: 38474589 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is an emerging method for the identification of bacteria. Nevertheless, a lot of different parameters need to be considered to establish a reliable database capable of identifying real-world samples such as medical or environmental probes. In this review, the establishment of such reliable databases with the proper design in microbiological Raman studies is demonstrated, shining a light into all the parts that require attention. Aspects such as the strain selection, sample preparation and isolation requirements, the phenotypic influence, measurement strategies, as well as the statistical approaches for discrimination of bacteria, are presented. Furthermore, the influence of these aspects on spectra quality, result accuracy, and read-out are discussed. The aim of this review is to serve as a guide for the design of microbiological Raman studies that can support the establishment of this method in different fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Baaba Frempong
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Center of Applied Research, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Markus Salbreiter
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Center of Applied Research, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Sara Mostafapour
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Aikaterini Pistiki
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Center of Applied Research, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance-Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas W Bocklitz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance-Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Petra Rösch
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Center of Applied Research, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Center of Applied Research, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance-Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
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3
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Zhu Y, Tian J, Liu S, Li M, Zhao L, Liu W, Zhao G, Liang D, Ma Y, Tu Q. Rapid capture and quantification of food-borne spores based on the double-enhanced Fe 3O 4@PEI@Ag@PEI core-shell structure SERS sensor. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 305:123512. [PMID: 37864975 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
To realize rapid capture and quantification of food-borne spores and prevent their potential harm, Fe3O4@PEI@Ag@PEI core-shell structure nanoparticles were combined with flower-like AgNPs for double enhancement and efficient capture of spores. The developed sensor showed excellent reproducibility and SERS enhancement factor (AEF) is 4.6 × 104. Orthogonal partial least-squares discrimination analysis and linear discriminant analysis accurately identified the three spores (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Clostridium perfringens), and the qualitative identification accuracy of linear discriminant analysis was 100 %. Efficient enrichment of B. subtilis spores was realized within 5 min, with a detection limit of 3 cfu/mL. Spiked tests revealed that this sensor was effective in detecting spores in milk, orange juice, and water samples, with recovery ratio of 95.2-103.9 % and relative standard deviation of 3.1-7.7 %. Thus, the developed sensor was accurate and reliable, and could achieve rapid identification and quantitative detection of food-borne spores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaodi Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China; International Joint Laboratory of Meat Processing and Safety in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China; Henan Jiuyuquan Food Co., LTD., Postdoctoral Innovation Base, Henan Province, Yuanyang 453500, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China; International Joint Laboratory of Meat Processing and Safety in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Shijie Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China; International Joint Laboratory of Meat Processing and Safety in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Miaoyun Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China; International Joint Laboratory of Meat Processing and Safety in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China.
| | - Lijun Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China; International Joint Laboratory of Meat Processing and Safety in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Weijia Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China; International Joint Laboratory of Meat Processing and Safety in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Gaiming Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China; International Joint Laboratory of Meat Processing and Safety in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Dong Liang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China; International Joint Laboratory of Meat Processing and Safety in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China; Henan Jiuyuquan Food Co., LTD., Postdoctoral Innovation Base, Henan Province, Yuanyang 453500, PR China
| | - Yangyang Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China; International Joint Laboratory of Meat Processing and Safety in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Qiancheng Tu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China; International Joint Laboratory of Meat Processing and Safety in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
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4
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Cebi N, Bekiroglu H, Erarslan A. Nondestructive Metabolomic Fingerprinting: FTIR, NIR and Raman Spectroscopy in Food Screening. Molecules 2023; 28:7933. [PMID: 38067662 PMCID: PMC10707828 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been renewed interest in the maintenance of food quality and food safety on the basis of metabolomic fingerprinting using vibrational spectroscopy combined with multivariate chemometrics. Nontargeted spectroscopy techniques such as FTIR, NIR and Raman can provide fingerprint information for metabolomic constituents in agricultural products, natural products and foods in a high-throughput, cost-effective and rapid way. In the current review, we tried to explain the capabilities of FTIR, NIR and Raman spectroscopy techniques combined with multivariate analysis for metabolic fingerprinting and profiling. Previous contributions highlighted the considerable potential of these analytical techniques for the detection and quantification of key constituents, such as aromatic amino acids, peptides, aromatic acids, carotenoids, alcohols, terpenoids and flavonoids in the food matrices. Additionally, promising results were obtained for the identification and characterization of different microorganism species such as fungus, bacterial strains and yeasts using these techniques combined with supervised and unsupervised pattern recognition techniques. In conclusion, this review summarized the cutting-edge applications of FTIR, NIR and Raman spectroscopy techniques equipped with multivariate statistics for food analysis and foodomics in the context of metabolomic fingerprinting and profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Cebi
- Food Engineering Department, Chemical-Metallurgical Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Hatice Bekiroglu
- Food Engineering Department, Chemical-Metallurgical Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, Turkey;
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sirnak University, 73300 Sirnak, Turkey
| | - Azime Erarslan
- Bioengineering Department, Chemical-Metallurgical Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, Turkey;
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Zeid AM, Mostafa IM, Lou B, Xu G. Advances in miniaturized nanosensing platforms for analysis of pathogenic bacteria and viruses. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:4160-4172. [PMID: 37668185 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00674c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria and viruses are the main causes of infectious diseases all over the world. Early diagnosis of such infectious diseases is a critical step in management of their spread and treatment of the infection in its early stages. Therefore, the innovation of smart sensing platforms for point-of-care diagnosis of life-threatening infectious diseases such as COVID-19 is a prerequisite to isolate the patients and provide them with suitable treatment strategies. The developed diagnostic sensors should be highly sensitive, specific, ultrafast, portable, cheap, label-free, and selective. In recent years, different nanosensors have been developed for the detection of bacterial and viral pathogens. We focus here on label-free miniaturized nanosensing platforms that were efficiently applied for pathogenic detection in biological matrices. Such devices include nanopore sensors and nanostructure-integrated lab-on-a-chip sensors that are characterized by portability, simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and ultrafast analysis because they avoid the time-consuming sample preparation steps. Furthermore, nanopore-based sensors could afford single-molecule counting of viruses in biological specimens, yielding high-sensitivity and high-accuracy detection. Moreover, non-invasive nanosensors that are capable of detecting volatile organic compounds emitted from the diseased organ to the skin, urine, or exhaled breath were also reviewed. The merits and applications of all these nanosensors for analysis of pathogenic bacteria and viruses in biological matrices will be discussed in detail, emphasizing the importance of artificial intelligence in advancing specific nanosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah M Zeid
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Islam M Mostafa
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Baohua Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.
| | - Guobao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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6
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Huo J, Zhang M, Wang D, S Mujumdar A, Bhandari B, Zhang L. New preservation and detection technologies for edible mushrooms: A review. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:3230-3248. [PMID: 36700618 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Edible mushrooms are nutritious, tasty, and have medicinal value, which makes them very popular. Fresh mushrooms have a high water content and a crisp texture. They demonstrate strong metabolic activity after harvesting. However, they are prone to textural changes, microbial infestation, and nutritional and flavor loss, and they therefore require appropriate post-harvest processing and preservation. Important factors affecting safety and quality during their processing and storage include their quality, source, microbial contamination, physical damage, and chemical residues. Thus, these aspects should be tested carefully to ensure safety. In recent years, many new techniques have been used to preserve mushrooms, including electrofluidic drying and cold plasma treatment, as well as new packaging and coating technologies. In terms of detection, many new detection techniques, such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), imaging technology, and spectroscopy can be used as rapid and effective means of detection. This paper reviews the new technological methods for processing and detecting the quality of mainstream edible mushrooms. It mainly introduces their working principles and application, and highlights the future direction of preservation, processing, and quality detection technologies for edible mushrooms. Adopting appropriate post-harvest processing and preservation techniques can maintain the organoleptic properties, nutrition, and flavor of mushrooms effectively. The use of rapid, accurate, and non-destructive testing methods can provide a strong assurance of food safety. At present, these new processing, preservation and testing methods have achieved good results but at the same time there are certain shortcomings. So it is recommended that they also be continuously researched and improved, for example through the use of new technologies and combinations of different technologies. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- China General Chamber of Commerce Key Laboratory on Fresh Food Processing & Preservation, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Jiangsu Province International Joint Laboratory on Fresh Food Smart Processing and Quality Monitoring, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Dayuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- China General Chamber of Commerce Key Laboratory on Fresh Food Processing & Preservation, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Arun S Mujumdar
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Macdonald College, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bhesh Bhandari
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lujun Zhang
- R&D Center, Shandong Qihe Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Zibo, China
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7
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Multi-point scanning confocal Raman spectroscopy for accurate identification of microorganisms at the single-cell level. Talanta 2023; 254:124112. [PMID: 36463804 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy has been widely used for microbial analysis due to its exceptional qualities as a rapid, simple, non-invasive, reproducible, and real-time monitoring tool. The Raman spectrum of a cell is a superposition of the spectral information of all biochemical components in the laser focus. In the case where the microbial size is larger than the laser spot size, the Raman spectrum measured from a single-point within a cell cannot capture all biochemical information due to the spatial heterogeneity of microorganisms. In this work, we have proposed a method for the accurate identification of microorganisms using multi-point scanning confocal Raman spectroscopy. Through an image recognition algorithm and the control of a high-precision motorized stage, Raman spectra can be integrated at one time to measure the multi-point biochemical information of microorganisms. This solves the problem that the measured single microbial cells are of different sizes, and the laser spot of the confocal Raman system is not easy to change. Here, the single-cell Raman spectra of three Escherichia coli and seven Lactobacillus species were measured separately. The commonly used supervised classification method, support vector machine (SVM), was applied to compare the data based on the single-point spectra and multi-point scanning spectra. Multi-point spectra showed superior performance in terms of their accuracy and recall rates compared with single-point spectra. The results show that multi-point scanning confocal Raman spectra can be used for more accurate species classification at different taxonomic levels, which is of great importance in species identification.
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Bhunia AK, Singh AK, Parker K, Applegate BM. Petri-plate, bacteria, and laser optical scattering sensor. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1087074. [PMID: 36619754 PMCID: PMC9813400 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1087074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Classical microbiology has paved the path forward for the development of modern biotechnology and microbial biosensing platforms. Microbial culturing and isolation using the Petri plate revolutionized the field of microbiology. In 1887, Julius Richard Petri invented possibly the most important tool in microbiology, the Petri plate, which continues to have a profound impact not only on reliably isolating, identifying, and studying microorganisms but also manipulating a microbe to study gene expression, virulence properties, antibiotic resistance, and production of drugs, enzymes, and foods. Before the recent advances in gene sequencing, microbial identification for diagnosis relied upon the hierarchal testing of a pure culture isolate. Direct detection and identification of isolated bacterial colonies on a Petri plate with a sensing device has the potential for revolutionizing further development in microbiology including gene sequencing, pathogenicity study, antibiotic susceptibility testing , and for characterizing industrially beneficial traits. An optical scattering sensor designated BARDOT (bacterial rapid detection using optical scattering technology) that uses a red-diode laser, developed at the beginning of the 21st century at Purdue University, some 220 years after the Petri-plate discovery can identify and study bacteria directly on the plate as a diagnostic tool akin to Raman scattering and hyperspectral imaging systems for application in clinical and food microbiology laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun K. Bhunia
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States,Purdue University, Purdue University Interdisciplinary Life Science Program (PULSe), West Lafayette, IN, United States,Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States,Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States,*Correspondence: Arun K. Bhunia,
| | - Atul K. Singh
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States,Clear Labs, San Carlos, CA, United States
| | - Kyle Parker
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Bruce M. Applegate
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States,Purdue University, Purdue University Interdisciplinary Life Science Program (PULSe), West Lafayette, IN, United States,Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States,Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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Bai X, Wang Z, Li W, Xiao F, Xu H. Portable sensor based on magnetic separation and enzyme-mediated immune nanomaterials for point-of-care testing of Listeria monocytogenes in food. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1236:340576. [PMID: 36396231 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes), a typical foodborne pathogen, poses a serious threat to public health safety. This stimulates to develop a point-of-care testing (POCT) method to achieve rapid, sensitive detection of L. monocytogenes. In this study, polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated ampicillin functionalized magnetic beads (Amp-PEG-MBs) was prepared successfully and it achieved high efficiency (>90%) and rapid (5 min) capture for L. monocytogenes at room temperature. The innovative combination of antibody (Ab), glucose oxidase (GOD) and graphene oxide (GO) prepared Ab@GO@GOD for the specific recognition of L. monocytogenes. Finally, Amp-PEG-MBs and Ab@GO@GOD were successfully assembled into Amp-PEG-MBs@L. monocytogenes-Ab@GO@GOD sandwich structure which could catalyze the glucose, and the final detection results were recorded by a blood glucose meter (BGM). Magnetic separation (MS) combined with enzyme-catalyzed sensor (MS-Ab@GO@GOD-BGM) was successfully established to achieve the detection of L. monocytogenes in artificially contaminated juice within 66 min with the limit of detection was 101 CFU/mL. This sensor has potential for other pathogens detection by modifying specific antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuekun Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Zhengzheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Weiqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Fangbin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Hengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China.
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10
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Zhang X, Bian F, Wang Y, Hu L, Yang N, Mao H. A Method for Capture and Detection of Crop Airborne Disease Spores Based on Microfluidic Chips and Micro Raman Spectroscopy. Foods 2022; 11:3462. [PMID: 36360075 PMCID: PMC9654373 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Airborne crop diseases cause great losses to agricultural production and can affect people's physical health. Timely monitoring of the situation of airborne disease spores and effective prevention and control measures are particularly important. In this study, a two-stage separation and enrichment microfluidic chip with arcuate pretreatment channel was designed for the separation and enrichment of crop disease spores, which was combined with micro Raman for Raman fingerprinting of disease conidia and quasi identification. The chip was mainly composed of arc preprocessing and two separated enriched structures, and the designed chip was numerically simulated using COMSOL multiphysics5.5, with the best enrichment effect at W2/W1 = 1.6 and W4/W3 = 1.1. The spectra were preprocessed with standard normal variables (SNVs) to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, which was baseline corrected using an iterative polynomial fitting method to further improve spectral features. Raman spectra were dimensionally reduced using principal component analysis (PCA) and stability competitive adaptive weighting (SCARS), support vector machine (SVM) and back-propagation artificial neural network (BPANN) were employed to identify fungal spore species, and the best discrimination effect was achieved using the SCARS-SVM model with 94.31% discrimination accuracy. Thus, the microfluidic-chip- and micro-Raman-based methods for spore capture and identification of crop diseases have the potential to be precise, convenient, and low-cost methods for fungal spore detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhang
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Fei Bian
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yafei Wang
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Lian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ning Yang
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hanping Mao
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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11
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Jiang N, Feng Y, Huang Q, Liu X, Guo Y, Yang Z, Peng C, Li S, Hao L. Effect of Environmental pH on Mineralization of Anaerobic Iron-Oxidizing Bacteria. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:885098. [PMID: 35633702 PMCID: PMC9134017 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.885098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Freshwater lakes are often polluted with various heavy metals in the Anthropocene. The iron-oxidizing microorganisms and their mineralized products can coprecipitate with many heavy metals, including Al, Zn, Cu, Cd, and Cr. As such, microbial iron oxidation can exert a profound impact on environmental remediation. The environmental pH is a key determinant regulating microbial growth and mineralization and then influences the structure of the final mineralized products of anaerobic iron-oxidizing bacteria. Freshwater lakes, in general, are neutral-pH environments. Understanding the effects of varying pH on the mineralization of iron-oxidizing bacteria under neutrophilic conditions could aid in finding out the optimal pH values that promote the coprecipitation of heavy metals. Here, two typical neutrophilic Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria, the nitrate-reducing Acidovorax sp. strain BoFeN1 and the anoxygenic phototrophic Rhodobacter ferrooxidans strain SW2, were selected for studying how their growth and mineralization response to slight changes in circumneutral pH. By employing focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy (FIB–SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we examined the interplay between pH changes and anaerobic iron-oxidizing bacteria and observed that pH can significantly impact the microbial mineralization process and vice versa. Further, pH-dependent changes in the structure of mineralized products of bacterial iron oxidation were observed. Our study could provide mechanical insights into how to manipulate microbial iron oxidation for facilitating remediation of heavy metals in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Geochemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Minzu Normal University of Xingyi, Xingyi, China
| | - Yiqing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Geochemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Geochemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- College of Urban and Environmental Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Peng
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Shun Li
- Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Likai Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Likai Hao
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Zhu C, Liu W, Wang D, Gong Z, Fan M. Boosting bacteria differentiation efficiency with multidimensional surface-enhanced Raman scattering: the example of Bacillus cereus. LUMINESCENCE 2022; 37:1145-1151. [PMID: 35481694 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful tool for constructing biomolecular fingerprints, which play a vital role in differentiation of bacteria. Due to the rather subtle differences in the SERS spectra among different bacteria, artificial intelligence is usually adopted and enormous amounts of spectral data are required to improve the differentiation efficiency. However, in many cases, large volume data acquisition on bacteria is not only technical difficult but labour intensive. It is known that surface modification of SERS nanomaterials can bring additional dimensionality (difference) of the SERS fingerprints. Here in this work, we show that the concept could be used to improve the bacteria differentiation efficiency. Ag NPs were modified with 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid, 11-mercapto-1-undecanol, and 1-dodecanethiol to provide additional dimensionality. The modified NPs then were mixed with cell lysate from different strains of Bacillus cereus (B. cereus). Even by applying a simple PCA process to the resulting SERS spectra data, all the three modified Ag NPs showed superior differentiation results compared with bare Ag NPs, which could only separate Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and B. cereus. It is believed that the multidimensional SERS could find great potential in bacteria differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengye Zhu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengjun Gong
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meikun Fan
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
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13
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Arslan AH, Ciloglu FU, Yilmaz U, Simsek E, Aydin O. Discrimination of waterborne pathogens, Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and bacteria using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy coupled with principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 267:120475. [PMID: 34653850 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Waterborne pathogens (parasites, bacteria) are serious threats to human health. Cryptosporidium parvum is one of the protozoan parasites that can contaminate drinking water and lead to diarrhea in animals and humans. Rapid and reliable detection of these kinds of waterborne pathogens is highly essential. Yet, current detection techniques are limited for waterborne pathogens and time-consuming and have some major drawbacks. Therefore, rapid screening methods would play an important role in controlling the outbreaks of these pathogens. Here, we used label-free surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) combined with multivariate analysis for the detection of C. parvum oocysts along with bacterial contaminants including, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used as SERS substrate and samples were prepared with simply mixed of concentrated AgNPs with microorganisms. Each species presented distinct SERS spectra. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering were performed to discriminate C. parvum oocysts, E. coli, and S. aureus. PCA was used to visualize the dataset and extract significant spectral features. According to score plots in 3 dimensional PCA space, species formed distinct group. Furthermore, each species formed different clusters in hierarchical clustering. Our study indicates that SERS combined with multivariate analysis techniques can be utilized for the detection of C. parvum oocysts quickly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afra Hacer Arslan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | | | - Ummugulsum Yilmaz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Emrah Simsek
- Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Omer Aydin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey; ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey; ERKAM-Clinical Engineering Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
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Weng X, Zhang C, Jiang H. Advances in microfluidic nanobiosensors for the detection of foodborne pathogens. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Yamamoto T, Taylor JN, Koseki S, Koyama K. Classification of food spoilage bacterial species and their sodium chloride, sodium acetate and glycine tolerance using chemometrics analysis and Raman spectroscopy. J Microbiol Methods 2021; 190:106326. [PMID: 34517040 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2021.106326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose is classification of stress tolerances of spoilage bacteria using Raman spectra and chemometrics. We obtained Raman spectra of six spoilage bacteria. Classification models were constructed with support vector machine and classified food-related stress tolerance with 90% accuracy, which provides bacterial characteristics specific to environment reducing food spoilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan; Food Development Labs., Functional Food Division, Nippon Shinyaku Co., LTD., 14, Nishinosho-Monguchi-cho, Kisshoin, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8550, Japan.
| | - J Nicholas Taylor
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-20, Nishi-10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.
| | - Shige Koseki
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan.
| | - Kento Koyama
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan.
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Isolation of bacteria from artificial bronchoalveolar lavage fluid using density gradient centrifugation and their accessibility by Raman spectroscopy. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:5193-5200. [PMID: 34215913 PMCID: PMC8405473 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03488-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is an analytical method to identify medical samples of bacteria. Because Raman spectroscopy detects the biochemical properties of a cell, there are many factors that can influence and modify the Raman spectra of bacteria. One possible influence is a proper method for isolation of the bacteria. Medical samples in particular never occur in purified form, so a Raman-compatible isolation method is needed which does not affect the bacteria and thus the resulting spectra. In this study, we present a Raman-compatible method for isolation of bacteria from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid using density gradient centrifugation. In addition to measuring the bacteria from a patient sample, the yield and the spectral influence of the isolation on the bacteria were investigated. Bacteria isolated from BAL fluid show additional peaks in comparison to pure culture bacteria, which can be attributed to components in the BAL sample. The isolation gradient itself has no effect on the spectra, and with a yield of 63% and 78%, the method is suitable for isolation of low concentrations of bacteria from a complex matrix. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Petersen M, Yu Z, Lu X. Application of Raman Spectroscopic Methods in Food Safety: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:187. [PMID: 34201167 PMCID: PMC8229164 DOI: 10.3390/bios11060187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Food detection technologies play a vital role in ensuring food safety in the supply chains. Conventional food detection methods for biological, chemical, and physical contaminants are labor-intensive, expensive, time-consuming, and often alter the food samples. These limitations drive the need of the food industry for developing more practical food detection tools that can detect contaminants of all three classes. Raman spectroscopy can offer widespread food safety assessment in a non-destructive, ease-to-operate, sensitive, and rapid manner. Recent advances of Raman spectroscopic methods further improve the detection capabilities of food contaminants, which largely boosts its applications in food safety. In this review, we introduce the basic principles of Raman spectroscopy, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and micro-Raman spectroscopy and imaging; summarize the recent progress to detect biological, chemical, and physical hazards in foods; and discuss the limitations and future perspectives of Raman spectroscopic methods for food safety surveillance. This review is aimed to emphasize potential opportunities for applying Raman spectroscopic methods as a promising technique for food safety detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlen Petersen
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (M.P.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zhilong Yu
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (M.P.); (Z.Y.)
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Saint-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Xiaonan Lu
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (M.P.); (Z.Y.)
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Saint-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
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Klein D, Breuch R, Reinmüller J, Engelhard C, Kaul P. Rapid detection and discrimination of food-related bacteria using IR-microspectroscopy in combination with multivariate statistical analysis. Talanta 2021; 232:122424. [PMID: 34074410 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Spoilage microorganisms are of great concern for the food industry. While traditional culturing methods for spoilage microorganism detection are laborious and time-consuming, the development of early detection methods has gained a lot of interest in the last decades. In this work a rapid and non-destructive detection and discrimination method of eight important food-related microorganisms (Bacillus subtilis DSM 10, Bacillus coagulans DSM 1, Escherichia coli K12 DSM 498, Escherichia coli TOP10, Micrococcus luteus DSM 20030, Pseudomonas fluorescens DSM 4358, Pseudomonas fluorescens DSM 50090 and Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis DSM 5724) based on IR-microspectroscopy and chemometric evaluation was developed. Sampling was carried out directly from the surface to be tested, without the need for sample preparation such as purification, singulation, centrifugation and washing steps, as an efficient and inexpensive blotting technique using the sample carrier. IR spectra were recorded directly after the blotting from the surface of the sample carrier without any further pretreatments. A combination of data preprocessing, principal component analysis and canonical discriminant analysis was found to be suitable. The spectral range from 400 to 1750 cm-1 of the IR-microspectrosopic data was determined to be highly sensitive to the time after incubation and sample thickness, resulting in a high standard deviation. Therefore, this area was excluded from the evaluation in favor of the meaningfulness of the chemometric model and, thus, only the spectral range of specific -CH/-NH/-OH excitations (2815-3680 cm-1) was used for model development. This study showed that the differentiation of food-related microorganisms on genera, species and strain level is feasible. A leave-one-out cross-validation of the training data set showed 100% accuracy. The classification of the ungrouped test data showed with an accuracy of 94.5% that, despite the large biological variance of the analytes such as different times after incubation and the presented sampling (including its variance), a robust and meaningful model for the differentiation of food-related bacteria could be developed by data preprocessing and subsequent chemometric evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Klein
- Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Safety and Security Research, von Liebig-Straße 20, 53359, Rheinbach, Germany.
| | - René Breuch
- Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Safety and Security Research, von Liebig-Straße 20, 53359, Rheinbach, Germany
| | - Jessica Reinmüller
- Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Safety and Security Research, von Liebig-Straße 20, 53359, Rheinbach, Germany
| | - Carsten Engelhard
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, D-57076, Germany; Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, D-57076, Siegen, Germany
| | - Peter Kaul
- Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Safety and Security Research, von Liebig-Straße 20, 53359, Rheinbach, Germany
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Resolving complex phenotypes with Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2020; 66:277-282. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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20
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Guo Z, Wang M, Barimah AO, Chen Q, Li H, Shi J, El-Seedi HR, Zou X. Label-free surface enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy for discrimination and detection of dominant apple spoilage fungus. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 338:108990. [PMID: 33267967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fungal infection is one of the main causes of apple corruption. The main dominant spoilage fungi in causing apple spoilage are storage mainly include Penicillium Paecilomyces paecilomyces (P. paecilomyces), penicillium chrysanthemum (P. chrysogenum), expanded Penicillium expansum (P. expansum), Aspergillus niger (Asp. niger) and Alternaria. In this study, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) based on gold nanorod (AuNRs) substrate method was developed to collect and examine the Raman fingerprints of dominant apple spoilage fungus spores. Standard normal variable (SNV) was used to pretreat the obtained spectra to improve signal-to-noise ratio. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to extract useful spectral information. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and non-linear pattern recognition methods including K nearest neighbor (KNN), Support vector machine (SVM) and back propagation artificial neural networks (BPANN) were used to identify fungal species. As the comparison of modeling results shown, the BPANN model established based on the characteristic spectra variables have achieved the satisfactory result with discrimination accuracy of 98.23%; while the PCA-LDA model built using principal component variables achieved the best distinguish result with discrimination accuracy of 98.31%. It was concluded that SERS has the potential to be an inexpensive, rapid and effective method to detect and identify fungal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Mingming Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Alberta Osei Barimah
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Quansheng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jiyong Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 574, SE-75 123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Abstract
Nowadays, technological advancement is in continuous development in all areas, including food packaging, which tries to find a balance between consumer preferences, environmental safety, and issues related to food quality and control. The present paper concretely details the concepts of smart, active, and intelligent packaging and identifies commercially available examples used in the food packaging market place. Along with this purpose, several bioactive compounds are identified and described, which are compounds that can be recovered from the by-products of the food industry and can be integrated into smart food packaging supporting the “zero waste” activities. The biopolymers obtained from crustacean processing or compounds with good antioxidant or antimicrobial properties such as carotenoids extracted from agro-industrial processing are underexploited and inexpensive resources for this purpose. Along with the main agro-industrial by-products, more concrete examples of resources are presented, such as grape marc, banana peels, or mango seeds. The commercial and technological potential of smart packaging in the food industry is undeniable and most importantly, this paper highlights the possibility of integrating the by-products derived compounds to intelligent packaging elements (sensors, indicators, radio frequency identification).
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