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Chen Y, Gong W, Niu K, Wang X, Lin Y, Lin D, Jin H, Luo Y, Qian Q, Chen Q. Chitosan -NH 2 derived efficient Co 3O 4 catalyst for styrene catalytic oxidation: Simultaneously regulating particle size and Co valence. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 659:439-448. [PMID: 38183810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a Co3O4 catalyst is synthesised using the chitosan-assisted sol-gel method, which simultaneously regulates the grain size, Co valence and surface acidity of the catalyst through a chitosan functional group. The complexation of the free -NH2 complex inhibits particle agglomeration; thus, the average particle size of the catalyst decreases from 82 to 31 nm. Concurrently, Raman spectroscopy, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy experiments demonstrate that doping with chitosan N sources effectively modulates Co2+ to promote the formation of oxygen vacancies. In addition, water washing after catalyst preparation can considerably improve the low-temperature (below 250 °C) activity of the catalyst and eliminate the side effects of alkali metal on catalyst activity. Moreover, the presence of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites promotes the adsorption of C8H8. Consequently, CS/Co3O4-W presents the highest catalytic oxidation activity for C8H8 at low temperatures (R250 °C = 8.33 μmol g-1 s-1, WHSV = 120,000 mL hr-1∙g-1). In situ DRIFTS and 18O2 isotope experiments demonstrate that the oxidation of the C8H8 reaction is primarily dominated by the Mars-van Krevelen mechanism. Furthermore, CS/Co3O4-W exhibits superior water resistance (1- and 2- vol% H2O), which has the potential to be implemented in industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinye Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Wanyu Gong
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Kui Niu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Yidian Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Daifeng Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Coastal Basin Environment, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing 350300, China.
| | - Hongjun Jin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
| | - Yongjin Luo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
| | - Qingrong Qian
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Qinghua Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
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Zong X, Luo W, Wen L, Shao S, Li L. Preparation of glucoamylase microcapsule beads and application in solid-state fermentation. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:1793-1803. [PMID: 37867448 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baijiu brewing adopts the solid-state fermentation method, using starchy raw materials, Jiuqu as saccharifying fermenting agent, and distilled spirits made by digestion, saccharification, fermentation and distillation. In the late stages of solid-state fermentation of Baijiu, the reduced activity of glucoamylase leads to higher residual starch content in the Jiupei, which affects the liquor yield. The direct addition of exogenous glucoamylase leads to problems such as the temperature of the fermentation environment rising too quickly, seriously affecting the growth of microorganisms. RESULTS To solve the problem of reduced activity of glucoamylase in the late stage of solid-state fermentation of Baijiu, microcapsule beads (M-B) based on microcapsule emulsion were prepared and the effect of M-B on solid-state fermentation of Baijiu was investigated. The results showed that the release of M-B before and after drying was 53.27% and 25.77% in the liquid state (120 h) and 29.84% and 22.62% in the solid state (15 days), respectively. Adding M-B improved the alcohol by 0.33 %vol and reducing sugar content by 0.51%, reduced the residual starch content by 1.21% of the Jiupei, and had an insignificant effect on the moisture and acidity of the Jiupei. CONCLUSION M-B have excellent sustained-release properties. The addition of M-B in solid-state fermentation significantly increased the alcohol content, reduced the residual starch content of Jiupei, ultimately improving the starch utilization rate and liquor yield of Baijiu brewing. The preparation of M-B provides methods and approaches for applying other active substances and microorganisms in the brewing of Baijiu. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyan Zong
- Liquor Brewing Biotechnology and Application Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Bioengineering, University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, China
| | - Wenli Luo
- Liquor Brewing Biotechnology and Application Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Bioengineering, University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, China
| | - Lei Wen
- Liquor Brewing Biotechnology and Application Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Bioengineering, University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, China
| | - Shujuan Shao
- Bureau of Administrative Approval Services, Heze, China
- Heze Institute of Food and Drug Inspection and Testing, Heze, China
| | - Li Li
- Liquor Brewing Biotechnology and Application Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Bioengineering, University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, China
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Bai Y, Jing Z, Ma R, Wan X, Liu J, Huang W. A critical review of enzymes immobilized on chitosan composites: characterization and applications. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:1539-1567. [PMID: 37540309 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02914-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes with industrial significance are typically used in biological processes. However, instability, high sensitivity, and impractical recovery are the major drawbacks of enzymes in practical applications. In recent years, the immobilization technology has attracted wide attention to overcoming these restrictions and improving the efficiency of enzyme applications. Chitosan (CS) is a unique functional substance with biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and antibacterial properties. Chitosan composites are anticipated to be widely used in the near future for a variety of purposes, including as supports for enzyme immobilization, because of their advantages. Therefor this review explores the effects of the chitosan's structure, molecular weight, degree of deacetylation on the enzyme immobilized, effect of key factors, and the enzymes immobilized on chitosan based composites for numerous applications, including the fields of biosensor, biomedical science, food industry, environmental protection, and industrial production. Moreover, this study carefully investigates the advantages and disadvantages of using these composites as well as their potential in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Bai
- School of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Yellow River Water Environment in Gansu Province, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zongxian Jing
- School of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Ma
- School of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinwen Wan
- School of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiting Huang
- School of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
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Sha Y, Tang T, Zhao Y, Li M, Rao Y, Zhuang W, Ying H. Construction of co-immobilized multienzyme systems using DNA-directed immobilization technology and multifunctionalized nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 229:113443. [PMID: 37437412 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The multienzyme co-immobilization systems with high cascade catalytic efficiency and selectivity have attracted considerable attention. In this study, through DNA-directed immobilization (DDI) technology, two model enzymes, glucose oxidase (GOD) and horseradish peroxide (HRP) were co-immobilized on the multifunctional silica nanoparticles (DDI enzyme). In addition to the directional distribution promoted by DNA complementary chains, the multienzyme system allowed the control of the stoichiometric ratio of the enzymes by adjusting the ratio of amino/carboxyl groups. The optimal mole ratio of GOD/HRP was 1:2, while the protein loading amount could reach 8.06 mg·g-1. Compared with the conventional direct adsorption, the catalytic activity of the DDI enzyme was 2.49 times higher. Moreover, with the enhancement of thermal and mechanical stability, the DDI enzyme could still retain at least 50% of its initial activity after 12 cycles. Accompanied by an excellent response and good selectivity, the constructed multienzyme systems simultaneously showed the potential as a glucose detector. Therefore, based on the DDI technology, the highly efficient multienzyme co-immobilization system could be further extended for a wider range of research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sha
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ting Tang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mengyu Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuan Rao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Hanjie Ying
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
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Zou M, Tian W, Chu M, Lu Z, Liu B, Xu D. Magnetically separable laccase-biochar composite enable highly efficient adsorption-degradation of quinolone antibiotics: Immobilization, removal performance and mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:163057. [PMID: 36966832 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The tremendous potential of hybrid technologies for the elimination of quinolone antibiotics has recently attracted considerable attention. This current work prepared a magnetically modified biochar (MBC) immobilized laccase product named LC-MBC through response surface methodology (RSM), and LC-MBC showed an excellent capacity in the removal of norfloxacin (NOR), enrofloxacin (ENR) and moxifloxacin (MFX) from aqueous solution. The superior pH, thermal, storage and operational stability demonstrated by LC-MBC revealed its potential for sustainable application. The removal efficiencies of LC-MBC in the presence of 1 mM 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) for NOR, ENR and MFX were 93.7 %, 65.4 % and 77.0 % at pH 4 and 40 °C after 48 h reaction, respectively, which were 1.2, 1.3 and 1.3 times higher than those of MBC under the same conditions. The synergistic effect of adsorption by MBC and degradation by laccase dominated the removal of quinolone antibiotics by LC-MBC. Pore-filling, electrostatic, hydrophobic, π-π interactions, surface complexation and hydrogen bonding contributed in the adsorption process. The attacks on the quinolone core and piperazine moiety were involved in the degradation process. This study underscored the possibility of immobilization of laccase on biochar for enhanced remediation of quinolone antibiotics-contaminated wastewater. The proposed physical adsorption-biodegradation system (LC-MBC-ABTS) provided a novel perspective for the efficient and sustainable removal of antibiotics in actual wastewater through combined multi-methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Weijun Tian
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China; Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266234, PR China.
| | - Meile Chu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Zhiyang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Bingkun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Dongpo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
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Han J, Zhang T, Zhou Z, Zhang H. Development of a novel ultrasound- and biocrosslinking-enhanced immobilization strategy with application to food enzymes. Food Chem 2023; 417:135810. [PMID: 36917903 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand for greener food production makes biocatalysts more desirable than traditional production approaches. One limiting factor for biocatalyst efficiency is the immobilization strategy. In this work, a novel immobilization method was developed with the tyrosine-tag crosslinking mechanism. The immobilization efficiency was further enhanced with ultrasound treatment. Such a strategy was proven to be efficient with food enzyme lipase, d-amino acid oxidase and glucose dehydrogenase when they were immobilized on macroporous resins, amino resins, epoxy resins, and multiwalled carbon nanotubes. For lipase, glucose dehydrogenase and d-amino acid oxidase, the immobilization yield on macroporous resins increased by 20.4%, 21.1% and 24.1%, respectively. In addition, the immobilized enzymes had enhanced reusability, with a high degree of activity (more than 85%) detected after six cycles. Furthermore, the enzyme electrochemical sensors constructed by enzyme crosslinking have higher sensitivity, with peak currents 4-8 times those of sensors with uncrosslinked enzymes. The enzyme immobilization strategy developed in this study paves the way for better application of biocatalysts in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Han
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhuoyue Zhou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Houjin Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Wuhan 430074, China.
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7
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Chen J, Cheng Q, Ma Q, Wu Y, Zhang L. Salidroside synthesis via glycosylation by β-D-glucosidase immobilized on chitosan microspheres in deep eutectic solvents. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2023.2178308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jue Chen
- College of Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, PR China
| | - Qibin Cheng
- Institute of Molecule Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, PR China
| | - Qianqian Ma
- College of Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, PR China
| | - Yuqi Wu
- College of Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, PR China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Institute of Molecule Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, PR China
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Suo H, Geng H, Zhang L, Liu G, Yan H, Cao R, Zhu J, Hu Y, Xu L. Covalent immobilization of lipase on an ionic liquid-functionalized magnetic Cu-based metal-organic framework with boosted catalytic performance in flavor ester synthesis. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:1302-1311. [PMID: 36651865 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02246j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic esterification plays an important role in the fields of chemistry and biotechnology. In this study, lipase was immobilized on an ionic liquid (IL)-modified magnetic metal-organic framework (MOF) and used to synthesize isoamyl acetate. The immobilized lipase (PPL-ILs/Fe3O4@MOF) showed 2.1-fold and 1.8-fold higher activity compared to the free and immobilized lipase without ILs (PPL-Fe3O4@MOF), respectively. In addition, the anti-denaturant ability and reusability of the PPL-ILs/Fe3O4@MOF were also higher than those of other samples. The ester yield reached 75.1% when the biocatalyst was used to synthesize isoamyl acetate in hexane. The synthesized supports supplied a good microenvironment for the immobilized lipase through multiple interactions. Results of the structural analysis showed that the conformation state of lipase molecules changed after immobilization. The magnetism of the prepared biocatalyst makes it easy to recycle so that PPL-ILs/Fe3O4@MOF maintained 70.2% of the initial activity after eight cycles. The prepared composite materials exhibited good potential in lipase immobilization with enhanced catalytic ability and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Suo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, China.
| | - Huining Geng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, China.
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, China.
| | - Guoyun Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, China.
| | - Hui Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, China.
| | - Rui Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, China.
| | - Jiahao Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, China.
| | - Yi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Lili Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, China.
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Zhang S, Hou H, Zhao B, Zhou Q, Tang R, Chen L, Mao J, Deng Q, Zheng L, Shi J. Hollow Mesoporous Carbon-Based Enzyme Nanoreactor for the Confined and Interfacial Biocatalytic Synthesis of Phytosterol Esters. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2014-2025. [PMID: 36688464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rationally designing carriers to obtain efficient and stable immobilized enzymes for the production of food raw materials is always a challenge. In this work, hollow cube carbon (HMC) as a carrier of Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) was prepared to construct a Pickering interfacial biocatalysis system, which was applied to biphasic biocatalysis. For comparison, the nonporous carbon (HC) and porous MoS2 (HMoS2) were also designed. On these grounds, p-NPP and linolenic acid were selected as the representative substrates for hydrolysis and esterification reactions. Under the optimal conditions, the protein loading amount, specific activity, and expressed activity of CRL immobilized on HMC (HMC@CRL) were 167.2 mg g-1, 5.41 U mg-1, and 32.34 U/mg protein, respectively. In the "oil-water" biphase, the relative hydrolytic activity of HMC@CRL was higher than that of HC@CRL, HMoS2@CRL, and CRL by 50, 68, and 80%, respectively, as well as itself in one phase. Compared to other reports (1.13%), HMC@CRL demonstrated a satisfactory hydrolysis rate (3.02%) and was the fastest among all other biocatalysts in the biphase. Moreover, compared with the free CRL in one-phase system, the Pickering interfacial biphasic biocatalyst, HMC@CRL, exhibited a higher esterification rate (85%, 2.7-fold enhancement). Therefore, the HMC@CRL nanoreactors had more optimal performance in the field of biomanufacturing and food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui230009, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crop, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei430062, China
| | - Huaqing Hou
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui230009, China
| | - Baozhu Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui230009, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crop, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei430062, China
| | - Rongfeng Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230041, P. R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Economics and Management, Chinese-German Competence Center for Teachers in Applied Universities, Hefei University, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
| | - Jin Mao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crop, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei430062, China
| | - Qianchun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crop, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei430062, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui230009, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui230009, China
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Pellis A, Guebitz GM, Nyanhongo GS. Chitosan: Sources, Processing and Modification Techniques. Gels 2022; 8:gels8070393. [PMID: 35877478 PMCID: PMC9322947 DOI: 10.3390/gels8070393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan, a copolymer of glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine, is derived from chitin. Chitin is found in cell walls of crustaceans, fungi, insects and in some algae, microorganisms, and some invertebrate animals. Chitosan is emerging as a very important raw material for the synthesis of a wide range of products used for food, medical, pharmaceutical, health care, agriculture, industry, and environmental pollution protection. This review, in line with the focus of this special issue, provides the reader with (1) an overview on different sources of chitin, (2) advances in techniques used to extract chitin and converting it into chitosan, (3) the importance of the inherent characteristics of the chitosan from different sources that makes them suitable for specific applications and, finally, (4) briefly summarizes ways of tailoring chitosan for specific applications. The review also presents the influence of the degree of acetylation (DA) and degree of deacetylation (DDA), molecular weight (Mw) on the physicochemical and biological properties of chitosan, acid-base behavior, biodegradability, solubility, reactivity, among many other properties that determine processability and suitability for specific applications. This is intended to help guide researchers select the right chitosan raw material for their specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Pellis
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy;
| | - Georg M. Guebitz
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, IFA-Tulln, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Natural Ressources and Life Sciences, 1180 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Gibson Stephen Nyanhongo
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, IFA-Tulln, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Natural Ressources and Life Sciences, 1180 Vienna, Austria;
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg P.O. Box 17011, South Africa
- Correspondence:
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Zhang Z, Lee WJ, Sun X, Wang Y. Enzymatic interesterification of palm olein in a continuous packed bed reactor: Effect of process parameters on the properties of fats and immobilized Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Nickel-Functionalized Chitosan for the Oriented Immobilization of Histidine-Tagged Enzymes: A Promising Support for Food Bioprocess Applications. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03912-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Jacob AG, Wahab RA, Chandren S, Jumbri K, Wan Mahmood WMA. Physicochemical properties and operational stability of Taguchi design-optimized Candida rugosa lipase supported on biogenic silica/magnetite/graphene oxide for ethyl valerate synthesis. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2021.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Nicolle L, Journot CMA, Gerber-Lemaire S. Chitosan Functionalization: Covalent and Non-Covalent Interactions and Their Characterization. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4118. [PMID: 34883621 PMCID: PMC8659004 DOI: 10.3390/polym13234118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan (CS) is a natural biopolymer that has gained great interest in many research fields due to its promising biocompatibility, biodegradability, and favorable mechanical properties. The versatility of this low-cost polymer allows for a variety of chemical modifications via covalent conjugation and non-covalent interactions, which are designed to further improve the properties of interest. This review aims at presenting the broad range of functionalization strategies reported over the last five years to reflect the state-of-the art of CS derivatization. We start by describing covalent modifications performed on the CS backbone, followed by non-covalent CS modifications involving small molecules, proteins, and metal adjuvants. An overview of CS-based systems involving both covalent and electrostatic modification patterns is then presented. Finally, a special focus will be given on the characterization techniques commonly used to qualify the composition and physical properties of CS derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sandrine Gerber-Lemaire
- Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC SCI-SB-SG, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (L.N.); (C.M.A.J.)
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