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Núñez-García IC, Martínez-Ávila GCG, González-Herrera SM, Tafolla-Arellano JC, Rutiaga-Quiñones OM. Bioprospecting of endophytic fungi from semidesert candelilla (Euphorbia antisyphilitica Zucc): Potential for extracellular enzyme production. J Basic Microbiol 2024; 64:e2400049. [PMID: 38715338 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202400049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Endophytic microbial communities colonize plants growing under various abiotic stress conditions. Candelilla (Euphorbia antisyphilitica Zucc.) is a shrub that develops functionally in arid and semi-arid zones of Mexico; these conditions generate an association between the plant and the microorganisms, contributing to the production of enzymes as a defense mechanism for resistance to abiotic stress. The objective of this research was to isolate and identify endophyte fungi of candelilla and bioprospection of these endophytic fungi for enzyme production using candelilla by-products. Fungi were isolated and identified using ITS1/ITS4 sequencing. Their potency index (PI) was evaluated in producing endoglucanase, xylanase, amylase, and laccase. Fermentation was carried out at 30°C for 8 days at 200 rpm, with measurements every 2 days, using candelilla by-products as substrate. All fungi exhibited higher cellulase, amylase, and laccase activities on the 2nd, 6th, and 8th day of fermentation, respectively, of fermentation. The fungus Aspergillus niger ITD-IN4.1 showed the highest amylase activity (246.84 U/mg), the genus Neurospora showed the highest cellulase activity, reaching up to 13.45 FPU/mg, and the strain Neurospora sp. ITD-IN5.2 showed the highest laccase activity (3.46 U/mg). This work provides the first report on the endophytic diversity of E. antisyphilitica and its potential role in enzyme production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itzel C Núñez-García
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/I.T.Durango. Laboratorio Nacional CONAHCYT-LaNAEPBi, Unidad de Servicio Tecnológico Nacional de México/I.T.Durango. Depto. de Ing. Química-Bioquímica, Durango, Dgo, Mexico
| | | | - Silvia M González-Herrera
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/I.T.Durango. Laboratorio Nacional CONAHCYT-LaNAEPBi, Unidad de Servicio Tecnológico Nacional de México/I.T.Durango. Depto. de Ing. Química-Bioquímica, Durango, Dgo, Mexico
| | - Julio C Tafolla-Arellano
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - O Miriam Rutiaga-Quiñones
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/I.T.Durango. Laboratorio Nacional CONAHCYT-LaNAEPBi, Unidad de Servicio Tecnológico Nacional de México/I.T.Durango. Depto. de Ing. Química-Bioquímica, Durango, Dgo, Mexico
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2
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Tanislav AE, Cornea AA, Radu ED, Țibulcă D, Mureșan V, Mudura E. Candelilla Wax and Glycerol Monostearate-Based Oleogels as Animal Fat Substitutes in Bologna Sausages. Gels 2024; 10:399. [PMID: 38920945 PMCID: PMC11203137 DOI: 10.3390/gels10060399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to produce Bologna sausages rich in unsaturated fatty acids and to evaluate this replacement on the structural characteristics. For the purpose of a comparative analysis, three different types of sausages were produced, distinct only in the type of fat used: I. sausages obtained with pork backfat (PBF), II. sausages produced with oleogel formed from refined sunflower oil and glycerol monostearate (GM_OG), and III. with candelilla wax oleogel (CW_OG). The meat composition was also analyzed to better understand the process in the dynamics and the finished products were analyzed both uncooked and cooked. The enhanced oil-binding capacity of oleogels suggests their potential value as substitutes for saturated fats (>99%). In terms of meat composition textural analysis, the highest hardness value was registered for PBF_C of 25.23 N, followed by a CW_OG_C of 13.08 N and a GM_OG_C of 12.27 N. However, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, springiness index, and gumminess showed similar values between samples. Reformulation of products with oleogels as a fat source abundant in mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids resulted in uncooked products exhibiting reduced hardness values of 49.01 N (CW_OG_US) and 40.51 N (GM_OG_US), compared to 65.03 N (PBF_US). Color results of the cross-section color can indicate the potential for consumer acceptance due to the reduced color differences between the conventional and oleogel samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vlad Mureșan
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Mănăștur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.E.T.); (A.A.C.); (E.D.R.); (D.Ț.); (E.M.)
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Ropciuc S, Ghinea C, Leahu A, Prisacaru AE, Oroian MA, Apostol LC, Dranca F. Development and Characterization of New Plant-Based Ice Cream Assortments Using Oleogels as Fat Source. Gels 2024; 10:397. [PMID: 38920943 PMCID: PMC11202521 DOI: 10.3390/gels10060397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop candelilla wax oleogels with hemp seed oil and olive oil and use them as a fat source in the development of new plant-based ice cream assortments. Oleogels were structured with 3 and 9% candelilla wax and characterized by oil-binding capacity, peroxide value and color parameters. The oil-binding capacities of 9% wax oleogels were significantly higher than those of 3% wax oleogels, while peroxide values of oleogels decrease with increasing wax dosage. All oleogel samples are yellow-green due to the pigments present in the oils and candelilla wax. Physicochemical (pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, fat, protein) and rheological (viscosity and viscoelastic modulus) parameters of plant-based ice cream mixes with oleogels were determined. Also, sensory attributes and texture parameters were investigated. The results showed that titratable acidity and fat content of plant-based ice cream samples increased with increasing wax percentage, while pH, soluble solids and protein values are more influenced by the type of plant milk used. The plant-based ice cream sample with spelt milk, hemp oil and 9% candelilla wax received the highest overall acceptability score. The hardness of the plant-based ice cream samples increased as the percentage of candelilla wax added increased.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Ghinea
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania; (S.R.); (A.L.); (A.E.P.); (M.A.O.); (L.C.A.); (F.D.)
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Li S, Lu D, Li S, Liu J, Xu Y, Yan Y, Rodriguez JZ, Bai H, Avila R, Kang S, Ni X, Luan H, Guo H, Bai W, Wu C, Zhou X, Hu Z, Pet MA, Hammill CW, MacEwan MR, Ray WZ, Huang Y, Rogers JA. Bioresorbable, wireless, passive sensors for continuous pH measurements and early detection of gastric leakage. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj0268. [PMID: 38640247 PMCID: PMC11029800 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Continuous monitoring of biomarkers at locations adjacent to targeted internal organs can provide actionable information about postoperative status beyond conventional diagnostic methods. As an example, changes in pH in the intra-abdominal space after gastric surgeries can serve as direct indicators of potentially life-threatening leakage events, in contrast to symptomatic reactions that may delay treatment. Here, we report a bioresorbable, wireless, passive sensor that addresses this clinical need, designed to locally monitor pH for early detection of gastric leakage. A pH-responsive hydrogel serves as a transducer that couples to a mechanically optimized inductor-capacitor circuit for wireless readout. This platform enables real-time monitoring of pH with fast response time (within 1 hour) over a clinically relevant period (up to 7 days) and timely detection of simulated gastric leaks in animal models. These concepts have broad potential applications for temporary sensing of relevant biomarkers during critical risk periods following diverse types of surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Di Lu
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shupeng Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Yameng Xu
- The Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Ying Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jorge Zárate Rodriguez
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Hedan Bai
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Raudel Avila
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Shuming Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Xinchen Ni
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Haiwen Luan
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Hexia Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Wubin Bai
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Changsheng Wu
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Xuhao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Ziying Hu
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Mitchell A. Pet
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Chet W. Hammill
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Matthew R. MacEwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Wilson Z. Ray
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Yonggang Huang
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - John A. Rogers
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Devi LS, Jaiswal AK, Jaiswal S. Lipid incorporated biopolymer based edible films and coatings in food packaging: A review. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 8:100720. [PMID: 38559379 PMCID: PMC10978484 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In the evolving landscape of food packaging, lipid-based edible films and coatings are emerging as a sustainable and effective solution for enhancing food quality and prolonging shelf life. This critical review aims to offer a comprehensive overview of the functional properties, roles, and fabrication techniques associated with lipid-based materials in food packaging. It explores the unique advantages of lipids, including waxes, resins, and fatty acids, in providing effective water vapor, gas, and microbial barriers. When integrated with other biopolymers, such as proteins and polysaccharides, lipid-based composite films demonstrate superior thermal, mechanical, and barrier properties. The review also covers the application of these innovative coatings in preserving a wide range of fruits and vegetables, highlighting their role in reducing moisture loss, controlling respiration rates, and maintaining firmness. Furthermore, the safety aspects of lipid-based coatings are discussed to address consumer and regulatory concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Susmita Devi
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Central Institute of Technology Kokrajhar, Kokrajhar, BTR, Assam, 783370, India
| | - Amit K. Jaiswal
- Sustainable Packaging & Bioproducts Research (SPBR) Group, School of Food Science and Environmental Health, College of Sciences and Health, Technological University Dublin - City Campus, Central Quad, Grangegorman, Dublin, D07 ADY7, Ireland
- Sustainability and Health Research Hub, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, Dublin, D07 H6K8, Ireland
| | - Swarna Jaiswal
- Sustainable Packaging & Bioproducts Research (SPBR) Group, School of Food Science and Environmental Health, College of Sciences and Health, Technological University Dublin - City Campus, Central Quad, Grangegorman, Dublin, D07 ADY7, Ireland
- Sustainability and Health Research Hub, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, Dublin, D07 H6K8, Ireland
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6
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Szymanska I, Zbikowska A, Onacik-Gür S. New Insight into Food-Grade Emulsions: Candelilla Wax-Based Oleogels as an Internal Phase of Novel Vegan Creams. Foods 2024; 13:729. [PMID: 38472842 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cream-type emulsions containing candelilla wax-based oleogels (EC) were analyzed for their physicochemical properties compared to palm oil-based creams (EP). The microstructure, rheological behavior, stability, and color of the creams were determined by means of non-invasive and invasive techniques. All the formulations exhibited similar color parameters in CIEL*a*b* space, unimodal-like size distribution of lipid particles, and shear-thinning properties. Oleogel-based formulations were characterized by higher viscosity (consistency index: 172-305 mPa·s, macroscopic viscosity index: 2.19-3.08 × 10-5 nm-2) and elasticity (elasticity index: 1.09-1.45 × 10-3 nm-2), as well as greater resistance to centrifugal force compared to EP. Creams with 3, 4, or 5% wax (EC3-5) showed the lowest polydispersity indexes (PDI: 0.80-0.85) 24 h after production and the lowest instability indexes after environmental temperature changes (heating at 90 °C, or freeze-thaw cycle). EC5 had particularly high microstructural stability. In turn, candelilla wax content ≥ 6% w/w accelerated the destabilization processes of the cream-type emulsions due to disintegration of the interfacial layer by larger lipid crystals. It was found that candelilla wax-based lipids had great potential for use as palm oil substitutes in the development of novel vegan cream analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Szymanska
- Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Institute of Food Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Zbikowska
- Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Institute of Food Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Onacik-Gür
- Department of Meat and Fat Technology, Prof. Waclaw Dabrowski Institute of Agriculture and Food Biotechnology-State Research Institute, 36 Rakowiecka Street, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland
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7
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Martins VFR, Pintado ME, Morais RMSC, Morais AMMB. Recent Highlights in Sustainable Bio-Based Edible Films and Coatings for Fruit and Vegetable Applications. Foods 2024; 13:318. [PMID: 38275685 PMCID: PMC10814993 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The present review paper focuses on recent developments in edible films and coatings made of base compounds from biological sources, namely plants, animals, algae, and microorganisms. These sources include by-products, residues, and wastes from agro-food industries and sea products that contribute to sustainability concerns. Chitosan, derived from animal biological sources, such as crustacean exoskeletons, has been the most studied base compound over the past three years. Polysaccharides typically constitute no more than 3-5% of the film/coating base solution, with some exceptions, like Arabic gum. Proteins and lipids may be present in higher concentrations, such as zein and beeswax. This review also discusses the enrichment of these bio-based films and coatings with various functional and/or bioactive compounds to confer or enhance their functionalities, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-enzymatic properties, as well as physical properties. Whenever possible, a comparative analysis among different formulations was performed. The results of the applications of these edible films and coatings to fruit and vegetable products are also described, including shelf life extension, inhibition of microbial growth, and prevention of oxidation. This review also explores novel types of packaging, such as active and intelligent packaging. The potential health benefits of edible films and coatings, as well as the biodegradability of films, are also discussed. Finally, this review addresses recent innovations in the edible films and coatings industry, including the use of nanotechnologies, aerogels, and probiotics, and provides future perspectives and the challenges that the sector is facing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alcina M. M. B. Morais
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (V.F.R.M.); (M.E.P.); (R.M.S.C.M.)
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8
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Flores-García CL, Medina-Herrera N, Rodríguez-Romero BA, Martínez-Ávila GCG, Rojas R, Meza-Carranco Z. Impact of Fat Replacement by Using Organic-Candelilla-Wax-Based Oleogels on the Physicochemical and Sensorial Properties of a Model Cookie. Gels 2023; 9:636. [PMID: 37623091 PMCID: PMC10453563 DOI: 10.3390/gels9080636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oleogelation is an alternative process to improve the nutritional properties of food by creating soft-matter structures with the same functionality as commercial fats (shortenings). In this study, oleogels were produced by adding organic candelilla wax at 3% (OC03), 6% (OC06), and 9% (OC09) to extra-virgin linseed oil, and then characterized by their physicochemical properties. Furthermore, the physicochemical and sensorial properties of five cookie formulations were evaluated. Organic candelilla wax influenced the oleogel formulations, giving higher values of color (L* and b*), texture, acidity index, and melting point. In the cookie formulations, the luminosity values decreased when the percentage of oleogel was increased; reddish trends were obtained (a* values) for the cookie where 70% of the fat was replaced by the oleogel (C70), and more yellow trends were obtained (b* values) for C100. The moisture content was higher in cookies with oleogels, but it was within quality limits. The percentage of fat migration was lower in cookies with a mixture of fats and oleogels. In terms of hardness, the substitution of oleogels resulted in softer cookies. In terms of the sensory evaluation, the most accepted cookie was C70. Therefore, this study demonstrates the possibility of using organic-candelilla-wax-based oleogels in a real food model rich in unsaturated fats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Guillermo Cristian Guadalupe Martínez-Ávila
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Agronomy, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Av. Francisco Villa S/N, Col. Ex Hacienda el Canadá, General Escobedo 66050, Nuevo León, Mexico; (C.L.F.-G.); (N.M.-H.); (B.A.R.-R.); (Z.M.-C.)
| | - Romeo Rojas
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Agronomy, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Av. Francisco Villa S/N, Col. Ex Hacienda el Canadá, General Escobedo 66050, Nuevo León, Mexico; (C.L.F.-G.); (N.M.-H.); (B.A.R.-R.); (Z.M.-C.)
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Sun J, Li R, Wang X, Zhao C, Song Q, Liu F, Wang Z, Liu C, Zhang X. Marine oil spill remediation by Candelilla wax modified coal fly ash cenospheres. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 330:138619. [PMID: 37031841 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable candelilla wax (CW) was creatively used for hydrophobic modification of coal fly ash cenospheres (FACs), a waste product from thermal power plants, and a new spherical hollow particulate adsorbent with fast oil adsorption rate and easy agglomeration was prepared. CW was confirmed to physically coat FACs and the optimum mass of wax added to 3 g of FACs was 0.05 g. From a series of batch scale experiments, CW-FACs were found to adsorb oil, reaching adsorption efficiency of 80.6% within 10 s, and aggregate into floating clumps which were easily removed from the water's surface. The oil adsorption efficiency was highly dependent on hydrophobicity of the used adsorbent, the adsorption of Venezuela oil onto CW-FACs was found to be a homogenous monolayer, and the capacity and intensity of the adsorption decreased as temperature increased from 10 to 40 °C. The Langmuir isotherm model was the best fit, with the maximum adsorption capacity achieved at 649.38 mg/g. CW-FACs were also found to be highly stable in concentrated acid, alkaline and salt solutions, as well as for spills of different oil products. Furthermore, the retention rate of the oil adsorption capacity of the CW-FACs after 6 cycles of adsorption-extraction was as high as 93.2%. Therefore, CW-FACs can be widely used, easily recycled, and reused for marine oil spill remediation, which is also a good alternative disposal solution for FACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China.
| | - Ran Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Chaocheng Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Quanwei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing, 102206, China; CNPC Safety and Environmental Protection Technology Research Institute, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Chunshuang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Xiuxia Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
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10
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Study of Candelilla Wax Concentrations on the Physical Properties of Edible Nanocoatings as a Function of Support Polysaccharides. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051209. [PMID: 36904450 PMCID: PMC10007281 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) based on candelilla wax were prepared using the hot homogenization technique. The resulting suspension had monomodal behavior with a particle size of 809-885 nm; polydispersity index < 0.31, and zeta potential of -3.5 mV 5 weeks after monitoring. The films were prepared with SLN concentrations of 20 and 60 g/L, each with a plasticizer concentration of 10 and 30 g/L; the polysaccharide stabilizers used were either xanthan gum (XG) or carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) at 3 g/L. The effects of temperature, film composition, and relative humidity on the microstructural, thermal, mechanical, and optical properties, as well as the water vapor barrier, were evaluated. Higher amounts of SLN and plasticizer gave the films greater strength and flexibility due to the influence of temperature and relative humidity. The water vapor permeability (WVP) was lower when 60 g/L of SLN was added to the films. The arrangement of the SLN in the polymeric networks showed changes in the distribution as a function of the concentrations of the SLN and plasticizer. The total color difference (ΔE) was greater when the content of the SLN was increased, with values of 3.34-7.93. Thermal analysis showed an increase in the melting temperature when a higher SLN content was used, whereas a higher plasticizer content reduced it. Edible films with the most appropriate physical properties for the packaging, shelf-life extension, and improved quality conservation of fresh foods were those made with 20 g/L of SLN, 30 g/L of glycerol, and 3 g/L of XG.
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Kim KS, Maeng WY, Kim S, Lee G, Hong M, Kim GB, Kim J, Kim S, Han S, Yoo J, Lee H, Lee K, Koo J. Isotropic conductive paste for bioresorbable electronics. Mater Today Bio 2023; 18:100541. [PMID: 36647537 PMCID: PMC9840151 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioresorbable implantable medical devices can be employed in versatile clinical scenarios that burden patients with complications and surgical removal of conventional devices. However, a shortage of suitable electricalinterconnection materials limits the development of bioresorbable electronic systems. Therefore, this study highlights a highly conductive, naturally resorbable paste exhibiting enhanced electrical conductivity and mechanical stability that can solve the existing problems of bioresorbable interconnections. Multifaceted experiments on electrical and physical properties were used to optimize the composition of pastes containing beeswax, submicron tungstenparticles, and glycofurol. These pastes embody isotropic conductive paths for three-dimensional interconnects and function as antennas, sensors, and contact pads for bioresorbable electronic devices. The degradation behavior in aqueous solutions was used to assess its stability and ability to retain electrical conductance (∼7 kS/m) and structural form over the requisite dissolution period. In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility tests clarified the safety of the paste as an implantable material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Su Kim
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea,Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Woo-Youl Maeng
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Seongchan Kim
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - Gyubok Lee
- Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Minki Hong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea,Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Ga-been Kim
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea,Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - Jaewon Kim
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Sungeun Kim
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea,Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Seunghun Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea,Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Yoo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Hyojin Lee
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea,Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - Kangwon Lee
- Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea,Research Institute for Convergence Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jahyun Koo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea,Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea,Corresponding author.. School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea.
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12
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Noonim P, Rajasekaran B, Venkatachalam K. Structural Characterization and Peroxidation Stability of Palm Oil-Based Oleogel Made with Different Concentrations of Carnauba Wax and Processed with Ultrasonication. Gels 2022; 8:gels8120763. [PMID: 36547287 PMCID: PMC9778256 DOI: 10.3390/gels8120763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of ultrasonication (25 kHz for 10 min) on physical, thermal, and structural properties and storage stability of palm oil-based oleogels prepared using different concentrations of carnauba wax (CW) (5% or 10%) were investigated and compared with oleogels prepared with a homogenizer (2000 rpm for 10 min). Overall, this study found that applying an ultrasonication process with higher CW concentration (10%) effectively improved the properties and stability of palm oil-based oleogel (p < 0.05). Oleogels processed with ultrasonication had higher lightness (L*), higher yellowness (b*), and lower redness (a*) than those processed with homogenizer (p < 0.05), irrespective of CW concentrations. However, a higher CW concentration (10%) increased the textural properties of oleogels such as hardness, stickiness, and tackiness as compared to oleogels with a lower CW concentration (5%) (p < 0.05). Thermal properties including melting onset temperature, melting peak temperature, and melting enthalpy were found to be significantly higher in ultrasonication-processed oleogels with high CW concentration (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the microscopic examination of the oleogels exhibited a strong gel network when prepared using a high concentration of CW and processed with ultrasonication. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra of oleogels revealed that strong intra- and intermolecular interactions were formed by hydrogen bonding between CW and palm oil. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed a smooth and fine structural network of oleogels and proved that ultrasonication increased the structural properties of oleogel. Moreover, oil loss and peroxide value of oleogels were increased during 90 days of storage (p < 0.05). However, oleogels processed with the ultrasonication had reduced oil loss and increased peroxidation stability during storage (p < 0.05). Overall, this study showed that application of ultrasonication with a higher CW concentration could improve properties and storage stability of palm oil-based oleogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramee Noonim
- Faculty of Innovative Agriculture and Fishery Establishment Project, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus, Makham Tia, Mueang, Surat Thani 84000, Thailand
| | - Bharathipriya Rajasekaran
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Karthikeyan Venkatachalam
- Faculty of Innovative Agriculture and Fishery Establishment Project, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus, Makham Tia, Mueang, Surat Thani 84000, Thailand
- Correspondence: or
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13
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Puşcaş A, Mureşan V. The Feasibility of Shellac Wax Emulsion Oleogels as Low-Fat Spreads Analyzed by Means of Multidimensional Statistical Analysis. Gels 2022; 8:gels8110749. [PMID: 36421571 PMCID: PMC9689311 DOI: 10.3390/gels8110749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Shellac wax-based oleogel emulsions were studied with a three level two factorial design in order to find an optimal formulation for a spread formulation. Rheological, textural, colorimetry, and stability analysis were conducted to assess the performance of oleogel emulsions. FTIR spectra were also compared. The similarities between the samples were studied using cluster analysis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrates that (i) the texture is influenced by the wax concentration, (ii) the rheology and stability by both the considered numeric factors (wax and water concentration) and their interaction, and (iii) the color by both factors. The emulsions containing 7% (m/m) shellac oleogels behaved like the strongest systems, (G′ & GLVR > 30,000 Pa) and exhibited the highest value of the G′-G″ cross-over. The lowest oil binding capacity (OBC) was 99.88% for the sample with 3% (m/m) shellac and 20% (m/m) water. The whiteness index (Windex) varied between 58.12 and 78.50. The optimization process indicated that a formulation based on 4.29% (m/m) shellac wax and 24.13% (m/m) water was suitable as a low-fat spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Puşcaş
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur Street, No. 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Technological Transfer Center “CTT-BioTech”, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Floreşti Street, No. 64, 400509 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vlad Mureşan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur Street, No. 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Technological Transfer Center “CTT-BioTech”, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Floreşti Street, No. 64, 400509 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
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14
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Núñez-García IC, Rodríguez-Flores LG, Guadiana-De-Dios MH, González-Hernández MD, Martínez-Ávila GCG, Gallegos-Infante JA, González-Laredo R, Rosas-Flores W, Martínez-Gómez VJ, Rojas R, Villanueva-Fierro I, Rutiaga-Quiñones M. Candelilla Wax Extracted by Traditional Method and an Ecofriendly Process: Assessment of Its Chemical, Structural and Thermal Properties. Molecules 2022; 27:3735. [PMID: 35744863 PMCID: PMC9229472 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A comparative study was carried out on the chemical, structural and thermal properties of candelilla wax from four wax-producing communities in Mexico, which was obtained by two extraction processes, the conventional one using sulfuric acid (SA) and an eco-friendly alternative process using citric acid (CA) as the extracting agent. The waxes were analyzed by basic chemistry (acidity, saponification, ester indexes, and others), color, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman micro-spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and hardness and brittleness measurements. The waxes obtained by the environmentally friendly process showed differences in their physicochemical properties when compared to waxes from the conventional process. In addition, they showed some improvements, such as lighter shades and harder waxes, suggesting that the new environmentally friendly process is a viable option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itzel C. Núñez-García
- Departamento de Ings. Química-Bioquímica, TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Blvd. Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote., Nueva Vizcaya, Durango 34080, Durango, Mexico; (I.C.N.-G.); (L.G.R.-F.); (J.A.G.-I.); (R.G.-L.); (W.R.-F.); (V.J.M.-G.)
| | - Linda G. Rodríguez-Flores
- Departamento de Ings. Química-Bioquímica, TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Blvd. Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote., Nueva Vizcaya, Durango 34080, Durango, Mexico; (I.C.N.-G.); (L.G.R.-F.); (J.A.G.-I.); (R.G.-L.); (W.R.-F.); (V.J.M.-G.)
| | - Michelle H. Guadiana-De-Dios
- Laboratorio de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Francisco Villa S/N, Ex-Hacienda “El Canadá”, General Escobedo 66050, Nuevo León, Mexico; (M.H.G.-D.-D.); (M.D.G.-H.); (R.R.)
| | - María D. González-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Francisco Villa S/N, Ex-Hacienda “El Canadá”, General Escobedo 66050, Nuevo León, Mexico; (M.H.G.-D.-D.); (M.D.G.-H.); (R.R.)
| | - Guillermo C. G. Martínez-Ávila
- Laboratorio de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Francisco Villa S/N, Ex-Hacienda “El Canadá”, General Escobedo 66050, Nuevo León, Mexico; (M.H.G.-D.-D.); (M.D.G.-H.); (R.R.)
| | - José A. Gallegos-Infante
- Departamento de Ings. Química-Bioquímica, TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Blvd. Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote., Nueva Vizcaya, Durango 34080, Durango, Mexico; (I.C.N.-G.); (L.G.R.-F.); (J.A.G.-I.); (R.G.-L.); (W.R.-F.); (V.J.M.-G.)
| | - Rubén González-Laredo
- Departamento de Ings. Química-Bioquímica, TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Blvd. Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote., Nueva Vizcaya, Durango 34080, Durango, Mexico; (I.C.N.-G.); (L.G.R.-F.); (J.A.G.-I.); (R.G.-L.); (W.R.-F.); (V.J.M.-G.)
| | - Walfred Rosas-Flores
- Departamento de Ings. Química-Bioquímica, TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Blvd. Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote., Nueva Vizcaya, Durango 34080, Durango, Mexico; (I.C.N.-G.); (L.G.R.-F.); (J.A.G.-I.); (R.G.-L.); (W.R.-F.); (V.J.M.-G.)
| | - Victor J. Martínez-Gómez
- Departamento de Ings. Química-Bioquímica, TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Blvd. Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote., Nueva Vizcaya, Durango 34080, Durango, Mexico; (I.C.N.-G.); (L.G.R.-F.); (J.A.G.-I.); (R.G.-L.); (W.R.-F.); (V.J.M.-G.)
- Cátedras-Conacyt TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Blvd. Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote., Nueva Vizcaya, Durango 34080, Durango, Mexico
| | - Romeo Rojas
- Laboratorio de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Francisco Villa S/N, Ex-Hacienda “El Canadá”, General Escobedo 66050, Nuevo León, Mexico; (M.H.G.-D.-D.); (M.D.G.-H.); (R.R.)
| | - Ignacio Villanueva-Fierro
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR-Unidad Durango, Calle Sigma 119, 20 de Noviembre II, Durango 34220, Durango, Mexico;
| | - Miriam Rutiaga-Quiñones
- Departamento de Ings. Química-Bioquímica, TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Blvd. Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote., Nueva Vizcaya, Durango 34080, Durango, Mexico; (I.C.N.-G.); (L.G.R.-F.); (J.A.G.-I.); (R.G.-L.); (W.R.-F.); (V.J.M.-G.)
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15
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Development of Bigels Based on Date Palm-Derived Cellulose Nanocrystal-Reinforced Guar Gum Hydrogel and Sesame Oil/Candelilla Wax Oleogel as Delivery Vehicles for Moxifloxacin. Gels 2022; 8:gels8060330. [PMID: 35735674 PMCID: PMC9222693 DOI: 10.3390/gels8060330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bigels are biphasic semisolid systems that have been explored as delivery vehicles in the food and pharmaceutical industries. These formulations are highly stable and have a longer shelf-life than emulsions. Similarly, cellulose-based hydrogels are considered to be ideal for these formulations due to their biocompatibility and flexibility to mold into various shapes. Accordingly, in the present study, the properties of an optimized guar gum hydrogel and sesame oil/candelilla wax oleogel-based bigel were tailored using date palm-derived cellulose nanocrystals (dp-CNC). These bigels were then explored as carriers for the bioactive molecule moxifloxacin hydrochloride (MH). The preparation of the bigels was achieved by mixing guar gum hydrogel and sesame oil/candelilla wax oleogel. Polarizing microscopy suggested the formation of the hydrogel-in-oleogel type of bigels. An alteration in the dp-CNC content affected the size distribution of the hydrogel phase within the oleogel phase. The colorimetry studies revealed the yellowish-white color of the samples. There were no significant changes in the FTIR functional group positions even after the addition of dp-CNC. In general, the incorporation of dp-CNC resulted in a decrease in the impedance values, except BG3 that had 15 mg dp-CNC in 20 g bigel. The BG3 formulation showed the highest firmness and fluidity. The release of MH from the bigels was quasi-Fickian diffusion mediated. BG3 showed the highest release of the drug. In summary, dp-CNC can be used as a novel reinforcing agent for bigels.
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