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Kwon H, Hwang J, Cho Y, Lee S. Machine learning-enabled hyperspectral approaches for structural characterization of precooked noodles during refrigerated storage. Food Chem 2024; 450:139371. [PMID: 38640533 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The structural features of precooked noodles during refrigerated storage were non-destructively characterized using hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technology along with conventional analytical methods. The precooked noodles displayed a more rigid texture and restricted water mobility over the storage period, derived from the recrystallization of starch. Dimensionality reduction techniques revealed robust correlations between the storage duration and HSI absorbance of the noodles, and from their loading plots, the specific peaks of the noodles related to their structural changes were identified at wavelengths of around 1160 and 1400 nm. The strong relationships between the HSI results of the noodles and their storage period/texture were confirmed by training four machine learning models on the HSI data. In particular, the support vector algorithm displayed the best prediction performance for classifying precooked noodles by storage period (98.3% accuracy) and for predicting the noodle texture (R2 = 0.914).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyukjin Kwon
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea; Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Jeongin Hwang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Younsung Cho
- Pulmuone Technology Center, Chungcheongbuk-do 28220, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Hou L, Jia Z, Zhao K, Xiao S, Fu Y, Zhan W, Wu Y, Wang X. Effect of oxidized starch on the storage stability of frozen raw noodles: Water distribution, protein structure, and quality attributes. J Food Sci 2024; 89:4148-4161. [PMID: 38838085 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Freezing is a popular method of food preservation with multiple advantages. However, it may change the internal composition and quality of food. This study aimed to investigate the effect of modified starch on the storage stability of frozen raw noodles (FRNs) under refrigerated storage conditions. Oxidized starch (OS), a modified starch, is widely used in the food industry. In the present study, texture and cooking loss rate analyses showed that the hardness and chewiness of FRNs with added OS increased and the cooking loss rate decreased during the frozen storage process. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance characterization confirmed that the water-holding capacity of FRNs with OS was enhanced. When 6% OS was added, the maximum freezable water content of FRNs was lower than the minimum freezable water content (51%) of FRNs without OS during freezing. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed that after the addition of OS, the secondary structures beneficial for structural maintenance were increased, forming a denser protein network and improving the microstructure of FRNs. In summary, the water state, protein structure, and quality characteristics of FRNs were improved by the addition of OS within an appropriate range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziyang Jia
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Kaifeng Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shensheng Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Fu
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wanzhi Zhan
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuedong Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
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3
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Zhang X, Ren G, Liu W, Li L, Cao W, Wang L, Duan X. Effects of Freeze-Thaw Cycles on the Quality of a Novel Mixed Grain Composite Dough and Its Product (Potato-Oat Yu): Hybridization of Potatoes and Oats. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:18449-18457. [PMID: 38680377 PMCID: PMC11044144 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
To provide a theoretical basis for the frozen storage of potato-oat composite dough and its products, this investigation examines changes in the quality of potato-oat composite dough and its resulting product during freeze-thaw cycles. The study measured key aspects such as moisture content, dynamic rheological properties, water state, protein secondary structure, color, and sensory assessment. The influence of these factors on the product's quality is analyzed. The findings revealed that the freeze-thaw treatment caused a reduction in water content, freezable water, and deeply bound water, as well as an increase in weakly bound water, β-sheet, random coil, and α-helix, and a decreased β-turn of the potato-oat composite dough. Additionally, the dough treated by freeze-thaw cycles resulted in darker color, and the sensory properties of the product were affected significantly after exceeding three freeze-thaw cycles. Moreover, an increase in the number of freeze-thaw cycles resulted in an upward trend of moisture content for the composite dough, whereas G' initially increased and then decreased. The G″ of the composite dough peaked after the third freeze-thaw cycle. Overall, the composite dough quality significantly deteriorated at the fourth freeze-thaw cycle. There was a significant increase in the freezable water content, the largest modulus of elasticity, and the smallest tan δ. Therefore, the usage of the potato-oat composite dough should not exceed three cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan
University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Guangyue Ren
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan
University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Grain Storage Security, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Wenchao Liu
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan
University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Postdoctoral
Practice Innovation Base, Luohe Vocational
Technology College, Luohe 462002, China
- Henan
Nanjiecun (Group) Co., Ltd., Linying 462600, China
| | - Linlin Li
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan
University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Weiwei Cao
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan
University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Libo Wang
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan
University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Xu Duan
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan
University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
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Guo X, Gu F, Li Y, Zhang Q, Hu R, Jiao B, Wang F, Wang Q. Precooking treatments affect the sensory and tensile properties of autoclaved recooked noodles via moisture distribution and protein structure. Food Chem 2023; 421:136218. [PMID: 37105120 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
To improve the quality of autoclaved recooked noodles (ARNs), this study explored the effects of precooking on the sensory and tensile properties of ARNs from the perspectives of changes in protein structure and water distribution. The results showed that the ARNs of two kinds of pretreatments (Boiling 2 min, Boiling 1 min + Steaming 2 min) presented the best sensory quality (average score ≥ 7.50) and high tensile properties (tensile distance ≥ 45.24 mm). After autoclaving and recooking, the proportion of tightly bound water increased by 11.30%-12.52%, resulting in stronger water-solid interaction. The results of laser confocal microscopy (CLSM) proved that a strengthened gluten network (protein percentage area ≥ 40.28%; junction density ≥ 10.96 × 10-4) appeared. Therefore, appropriate precooking treatment could effectively improve the sensory quality and tensile properties of ARNs by enhancing the tightly bound water ratio and strengthening the gluten network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fengying Gu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yang Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China; School of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Hebei 050018,China
| | - Qiaozhen Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Runrun Hu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bo Jiao
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China; College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China.
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Liang Y, Liu H, Li K, Liu M, Zhang X, Wu X, Chen S, He B, Wang J. Effect of sanxan gel on the quality of salt-free noodles during cooking. J Food Sci 2023; 88:1790-1799. [PMID: 36965112 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
The effect and mechanism of sanxan on the quality of salt-free noodles (SFNs) were investigated from different cooking stages (initial stage, 1 min; optimum cooking time, OCT; overcooked time, OT). The results showed significant changes in the cooking process with the addition of 1.2% sanxan. The OCT for noodles with 1.2% sanxan (experimental group, EG) was extended from 5 to 7 min compared to the non-added noodles (blank group, BG) and 1.5% salt-containing noodles (control group, CG). The hardness and adhesiveness of BG, EG, and CG all decreased significantly during cooking. In contrast, the springiness, maximum tensile strength, and tensile fracture distance trended first to increase and then to decrease. At OCT, EG had the highest hardness (3971.69 ± 94.49 g), adhesiveness (372.26 ± 33.56 g s), and maximum tensile strength (41.51 ± 2.76 g), which remained large even after overcooking. However, those in BG and CG showed a significant reduction (p < 0.05). The proportion of free water increased progressively as cooking progressed, with CG showing the largest increase, from 82.29% to 91.19%, whereas EG showed the smallest increase, from 78.34% to 86.02%. During the cooking process, the addition of sanxan delayed the water migration, whereas salt promoted it. Sensory evaluation showed that EG was smoother in appearance than BG and tasted malty with a slight stickiness. Moreover, EG had the smallest k1 and C∞ values. Thus, sanxan is an effective additive to enhance the quality of SFNs and can replace the role of salt in noodles in some properties, which is beneficial for the development of SFNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hao Liu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kaifang Li
- Zhengzhou Synear Food Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mei Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xingquan Wu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shihua Chen
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baoshan He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinshui Wang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
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Curdlan-induced rheological, thermal and structural property changes of wheat dough components during heat treatment. J Cereal Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2022.103528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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